History of cognitive neuroscience:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Malden, MA
Wiley-Blackwell
2009
|
| Ausgabe: | [Nachdr.] |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XIX, 288 S., [10] Bl. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781405181822 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804143136604160000 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of figures
List of plates
Foreword by Sir Anthony Kenny (President of the British Academy,
1989-93)
Acknowledgements
Introduction
1
1.
Perceptions, Sensations and Cortical Function:
Helmholtz to Singer
4
1.1
Visual Illusions and their Interpretation by Cognitive Scientists
4
1.1.1
Misdescription of visual illusions by cognitive scientists
9
1.2 Gestalt
Laws of Vision
10
1.3
Split-Brain Commissurotomy; the Two Hemispheres may
Operate Independently
11
1.3.1
Misdescription of the results of commissurotomy
13
1.3.2
Explaining the discoveries derived from commissurotomies
13
1.4
Specificity of Cortical Neurons
15
1.4.1
Cardinal cells
18
1.4.2
Misdescription of experiments leading to the conception of
cardinal cells
20
1.5
Multiple Pathways Connecting Visual Cortical Modules
22
1.6
Mental Images and Representations
26
1.6.1
Misconceptions about images and representations
28
1.7
What and Where Pathways in Object Recognition and Maps
30
1.8
Misuse of the Term Maps
31
1.9
The Binding Problem and
40
Hz Oscillations
32
1.9.1
Misconceptions concerning the existence of a binding problem
37
1.9.2
On the appropriate interpretation of synchronicity of
neuronal
firing in visual cortex
38
1.10
Images and Imagining
39
1.10.1
Misconceptions concerning images and imagining
41
viii Contents
2.
Attention,
Awareness and Cortical Function:
Helmholtz to Raichle
44
2.1
The Concept of Attention
44
2.2
The Psychophysics of Attention
46
2.3
Neuroscience
of Attention
55
2.3.1
Attention and arousal
56
2.3.2
Selective attention
58
2.4
Attention Related to Brain Structures
60
2.4.1
Superior colliculus
60
2.4.2
Parietal cortex
67
2.4.3
Visual cortex
71
2.4.4
Auditory cortex
72
2.5
Conclusion
74
3.
Memory and Cortical Function: Milner to Kandel
77
3.1
Memory
77
3.1.1
The hippocampus is required for memory, which decays at two
different rates
77
3.1.2
Memory is of two kinds: declarative and non-declarative
77
3.1.3
Cellular and molecular studies of non-declarative memory in
invertebrates
80
3.1.4
Declarative memory and the hippocampus
82
3.1.5
Long-term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission in the
hippocampus
84
3.1.6
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of declarative memory in the
hippocampus
93
3.1.7
Summary
94
3.2
Memory and Knowledge
96
3.2.1
Memory
99
3.2.2
Memory and storage
103
3.3
The Contribution of
Neuroscience
to Understanding Memory
113
4.
Language and Cortical Function: Wernicke to
Levélt
115
4.1
Introduction: Psycholinguistics and the Neuroanatomy of Language
115
4.2
The Theory of Wermcke/Lichtheim
120
4.2.1
Introduction: Wernicke
120
4.2.1.1
Images of sensations
121
4.2.1.2
Movement images
122
4.2.1.3
Voluntary movement
123
4.2.1.4
Sound images and language
125
4.2.1.5
Language acquisition, words and concepts
126
Contents ix
4.2.2
Lichtheim s concept centre
128
4.2.3
Concepts
and representations
129
4.2.4
Conclusion
130
4.3
The Mental Dictionary and its Units: Treisman
130
4.4
The Modular Study of Word Recognition and Reading Aloud:
Morton
132
4.4.1
The model system
132
4.4.2
The cognitive system
135
4.4.3
Thought units
140
4.4.4
Computational studies
141
4.5
The Modular Study of Fluent Speech:
Levélt
141
4.5.1
The model study
141
4.5.2
Development of the model system
145
4.6
The Functional Neuroanatomy of Language
Comprehension
147
4.6.1
Attention to visual compared with semantic aspects of words
147
4.6.2
Auditory compared with visual presentation of words
149
4.6.3
Attention to the semantic as compared to the syntactic aspect
of a sentence
149
4.7
The Functional Neuroanatomy of Speech
152
4.7.1
Speech
152
4.7.2
Spoken action words and colour words
153
4.7.3
Naming animals and tools
154
4.7.4
Speaking with strings of words compared with single words
158
4.7.5
Word repetition
161
4.8
The Functional Neuroanatomy that Underpins Psycholinguistic
Accounts of Language
162
5.
Emotion and Cortical-Subcortical Function:
Darwin to Damasio
164
5.1
Introduction
164
5.2
Darwin
167
5.3
Cognitive versus
Precognitive
Theories for the Expression of
Emotions
169
5.3.1
On physiological measurements of emotional responses
173
5.3.2
Involvement of the amygdala and the orbitofrontal cortex in the
emotional responses to faces
174
5.4
The Amygdala
174
5.4.1
Faces expressing different emotions and the amygdala:
PET and fMRI
174
5.4.2
Behavioural studies involving face recognition following damage
to the amygdala
179
5.4.3
Fear conditioning and the amygdala
181
x
Contents
5.4.4
Is cognitive appraisal an important ingredient in emotional
experience? LeDoux s interpretations of his experiments on
the amygdala
181
5.4.5
Fear is unrepresentative of the emotions
182
5.5
The Orbitofrontal Cortex
183
5.5.1
Behavioural studies involving face recognition following
damage to the orbitofrontal cortex
183
5.5.2
The orbitofrontal cortex and face recognition: PET and fMRI
183
5.5.3
The orbitofrontal cortex and the satisfying of appetites:
Rolls s interpretation of his experiments on the orbitofrontal cortex
186
5.5.4
Misconceptions about emotions and appetites
187
5.6
Neural Networks: Amygdala and Orbitofrontal Cortex in Vision
187
5.6.1
Amygdala
187
5.6.2
Orbitofrontal cortex
190
5.7
The Origins of Emotional Experience
191
5.7.1
The claims of LeDoux
191
5.7.2
The claims of Rolls
193
5.7.3
The claims of Damasio, following James
193
5.7.4
Misconceptions concerning the somatic marker hypothesis of
James/Damasio
194
6.
Motor Action and Cortical-Spinal Cord Function:
Galen to
Broca
and Sherrington
199
6.1
The Ventricular Doctrine, from Galen to Descartes
199
6.1.1
Galen: motor and sensory centres
199
6.1.2
Galen: the functional localization of the rational soul in the
anterior ventricles
201
6.1.3
Nemesius: the attribution of all mental functions to the
ventricles
201
6.1.4
One thousand years of the ventricular doctrine
203
6.1.5
Fernel: the origins of neurophysiology
206
6.1.6
Descartes
208
6.2
The Cortical Doctrine: from Willis to
du
Petit
214
6.2.1
Thomas Willis: the origins of psychological functions in the
cortex
214
6.2.2
The cortex
100
years after Willis
216
6.3
The Spinal Soul, the Spinal Sensorium Commune, and the Idea
of a Reflex
219
6.3.1
The spinal cord can operate independently of the enkephalon
219
6.3.2
Bell and
Magendie:
the identification of sensory and motor
spinal nerves
222
6.3.3
Marshall Hall: isolating sensation from sense-reaction in the
spinal cord
223
Contents xi
6.3.4 Elaboration
of the conception of the true spinal marrow
225
6.3.5
Implications of the conception of a reflex for the function of the
cortex
227
6.4
The Localization of Function in the Cortex
227
6.4.1
Broca:
the cortical area for language
227
6.4.2
Fritsch and
Hitzig:
the motor cortex
227
6.4.3
Electrical phenomena in the cortex support the idea of a motor
cortex
231
6.5
Charles Scott Sherrington: the
Integrative
Action of Synapses
in the Spinal Cord and Cortex
231
6.5.1
Integrative
action in the spinal cord
231
6.5.2
The motor cortex
236
7.
Conceptual Presuppositions of Cognitive
Neuroscience
237
7.1
Conceptual Elucidation
237
7.2
Two Paradigms: Aristotle and Descartes
240
7.3
Aristotle s Principle and the Mereological Fallacy
241
7.4
Is the Mereological Fallacy Really Mereological?
243
7.5
The Rationale of the Mereological Principle
245
7.5.1
Consciousness
245
7.5.2
Knowledge
246
7.5.3
Perception
247
7.6
The Location of Psychological Attributes
250
7.7
Linguistic Anthropology, Auto-anthropology, Metaphor and
Extending Usage
253
7.8
Qualia
260
7.9
Enskulled Brains
262
7.10
Cognitive
Neuroscience
262
References
264
Index
281
Plate section falls between pages
140
and
141
|
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| spelling | Bennett, Maxwell R. 1939- Verfasser (DE-588)136811388 aut History of cognitive neuroscience M. R. Bennett and P. M. S. Hacker [Nachdr.] Malden, MA Wiley-Blackwell 2009 XIX, 288 S., [10] Bl. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geschichte Anfänge-2000 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Cognitive neuroscience History Cognitive Science history Neuropsychology history Brain physiology Cognition physiology Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 gnd rswk-swf Kognitionswissenschaft (DE-588)4193780-6 gnd rswk-swf Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 s Kognitionswissenschaft (DE-588)4193780-6 s Geschichte Anfänge-2000 z b DE-604 Hacker, P. M. S. 1939- Verfasser (DE-588)109051084 aut Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020481891&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bennett, Maxwell R. 1939- Hacker, P. M. S. 1939- History of cognitive neuroscience Geschichte Cognitive neuroscience History Cognitive Science history Neuropsychology history Brain physiology Cognition physiology Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 gnd Kognitionswissenschaft (DE-588)4193780-6 gnd |
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| title | History of cognitive neuroscience |
| title_auth | History of cognitive neuroscience |
| title_exact_search | History of cognitive neuroscience |
| title_full | History of cognitive neuroscience M. R. Bennett and P. M. S. Hacker |
| title_fullStr | History of cognitive neuroscience M. R. Bennett and P. M. S. Hacker |
| title_full_unstemmed | History of cognitive neuroscience M. R. Bennett and P. M. S. Hacker |
| title_short | History of cognitive neuroscience |
| title_sort | history of cognitive neuroscience |
| topic | Geschichte Cognitive neuroscience History Cognitive Science history Neuropsychology history Brain physiology Cognition physiology Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 gnd Kognitionswissenschaft (DE-588)4193780-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geschichte Cognitive neuroscience History Cognitive Science history Neuropsychology history Brain physiology Cognition physiology Neurowissenschaften Kognitionswissenschaft |
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