The economics of poverty and discrimination:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Upper Saddle River, NJ
Pearson/Prentice Hall
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 10. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 334 S. graf. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780131889699 0131889699 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 264 | 1 | |a Upper Saddle River, NJ |b Pearson/Prentice Hall |c 2008 | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804143047386071040 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | BRIEF CONTENTS
PART I: THE DIMENSIONS OF POVERTY
AND INEQUALITY
1
Chapter
1
Views of Inequality and Poverty
1
Chapter
2
Inequality
18
Chapter
3
Counting the Poor
36
Chapter
4
Global Poverty and Inequality
67
PART II: CAUSES OF POVERTY
79
Chapter
5
Labor Force Participation
79
Chapter
6
The Working Poor
102
Chapter
7
Age and Health
120
Chapter
8
Family Size and Structure
140
Chapter
9
The Underclass: Culture and Race
155
Chapter
10
Education and Ability
172
Chapter
11
Discrimination in Education
187
Chapter
12
Discrimination in the Labor Market
208
PART III: POLICY OPTIONS
227
Chapter
13
Welfare Programs
227
Chapter
14
Social Insurance Programs
258
Chapter
15
Employment Policies
277
Chapter
16
Equal Opportunity Policies
298
Chapter
17
Direction and Prospects
320
Index
327
III
CONTENTS
PART
I:
THE DIMENSIONS
OF POVERTY AND
INEQUALITY
1
Chapter
1
Views of Inequality and Poverty
1
The Continuing Controversy
1
What to do?
1
Too little government assistance?
2
Or too much aid?
2
Equity and efficiency
3
Causes and Cures
4
Flawed character
4
Restricted opportunity
6
Big Brother
6
Self-interest
7
Policy implications
8
Historical perspectives
8
Inequality
10
Differing explanations
10
Equity versus efficiency
12
Dimensions of Well-Being
12
Income versus wealth
12
Transitory versus permanent income
13
Life-cycle dynamics
14
Public provisions
14
Social equality
15
Discrimination
15
Poverty: Drawing a Line
16
Summary
16
Further Reading
17
Web Links
17
Chapter
2
Inequality
18
Why Inequality Matters
18
Costs of inequality
19
Benefits of inequality
19
Equity versus efficiency
20
vi
Contents
Inequality of What?
21
Income concepts
21
Unit of observation
22
Trend distortions
22
Alternative Yardsticks
24
Between-group averages
24
Income shares
25
The
Lorenz
curve
26
Gini
coefficient
27
Normative versus objective observations
27
Income Mobility
28
Stratification versus equality
28
Sources of mobility
29
Mobility Patterns
30
The mobility matrix
30
Earnings mobility
31
Income mobility
33
Social inequality
34
Summary
34
Further Readings
35
Web Links
35
Chapter
3
Counting the Poor
36
Poverty: Drawing a Line
36
The absolute approach
36
The relative approach
38
The
Fuchs
point
39
Whose standard?
40
The Official Poverty Line
41
The concept of minimum needs
41
Monetary measures
42
Hardship indices
43
Poverty Thresholds
44
The
CEA
line
44
The
SS A
index
45
The official poverty index
46
The Number of Poor People
49
The official poverty count
50
The poverty rate
51
How poor?
51
Measurement Problems
51
Too low a standard?
52
Too high a standard?
52
In-kind income
53
Underreporting
55
Income mobility
56
The uncounted poor
57
Latent poverty
59
Contents
vii
Asset poverty
59
The call for revision
60
Characteristics of the Poor
60
Age and family status
60
Geography and residence
62
Labor force status
63
Similarities and differences
64
Summary
65
Further Reading
65
Web Links
66
Chapter
4
Global Poverty and Inequality
67
Global Poverty Thresholds
67
National poverty lines
67
World bank thresholds
68
Inflation
68
Global Poverty Counts
69
Social Indicators
70
Inequality
71
Gini
coefficients
71
Income shares
71
Unequal Wealth
73
Land ownership
73
Stock market wealth
73
Status Mobility
73
Inequity versus inequality
73
Inequity and development
75
Policy Strategies
75
The millennium goal
75
Redistribution
75
Foreign aid
76
Economic growth
77
Institutional reform
77
Summary
78
Further Reading
78
Web Links
78
PART II: CAUSES OF POVERTY
79
Chapter
5
Labor Force Participation
79
Income Sources
79
Two-parent families
80
Importance of sources
80
Female-headed families
82
Labor Force Status
83
Participation and poverty
83
The nonparticipants
85
viii Contents
Unemployment
87
The process of economic deterioration
88
Subemployment
89
Discouraged workers
89
Other marginally attached workers
90
Underemployment
90
Subemployment
91
Poverty implications
91
The Question of Causation
92
Do the poor really try?
92
Macroeconomic
forces
95
Poverty Impact of Cyclical Unemployment
98
Summary
100
Further Reading
101
Web Links
101
Chapter
6
The Working Poor
102
Work Experience and Poverty
102
Weeks of work and hours
102
The working poor
103
How much work?
104
More measurement problems
105
The significance of secondary workers
106
Searching for Explanations
107
Minimum-Wage Jobs
108
Coverage
108
Low wages 111
Poor jobs
113
Why Wages Are So Low
115
Summary
116
Further Reading
116
Web Links
117
Appendix
1:
Does Prosperity Trickle Down?
118
The trickle-down perspective
118
The dual labor market perspective
119
Chapter
7
Age and Health
120
Age
120
Declining poverty rate
120
Diversity among the aged
122
Sources of economic support
123
New poverty or continuing poverty
? 126
Rising health costs
129
Tax burdens
131
Making do
131
Assessing causation
132
Contents ix
Health 132
Health
costs
132
Causality
133
Health insurance 135
Inter generational
links 136
Mental
health
137
Summary
137
Further Reading
138
Web Links
138
Chapter
8
Family Size and Structure
140
Family Size
140
Poverty rates
140
The potential impact
141
Declining family size
142
The causal relation
143
Family Structure
143
Changing family patterns
144
Economic implications
146
Poverty impact
147
Causation
148
Summary
153
Further Reading
154
Web Links
154
Chapter
9
The Underclass: Culture and Race
155
The Culture of Poverty
155
Norms versus traits
156
A question of opportunities
158
Wilson s Underclass Theory
159
Testing the theory
159
Direct tests of aspirations
160
Indirect tests of predicted behavior
162
Assessment
163
The Racial Inferiority Theory
164
Intelligence and status
165
IQ scores
166
Resolving the issues
167
Other complications
168
Summary
169
Further Reading
170
Web Links
171
Chapter
10
Education and Ability
172
Education and Income
172
Poverty rates
172
Labor-market effects
173
Increasing skill premiums
174
χ
Contents
Paths of Causation
175
Overlapping causes
175
Education as a sorting device
179
The content of education
181
Ability and Income
182
Which ability matters?
183
1Q and schooling
184
Summary
185
Further Reading
186
Web Links
186
Chapter
11
Discrimination in Education
187
Discrimination
187
Attitudes versus action
188
The relevancy standard
188
Costs and benefits of discrimination
190
Proving discrimination
191
Racial Discrimination in Education
192
Disparate outcomes
192
School segregation
194
Equality of facilities
196
Inherent inequalities
198
Class Discrimination in Education
198
Economic segregation
199
School finances
199
Educational attainments
200
The question of ability
201
Sex Discrimination in Education
203
Gender segregation
204
Summary
206
Further Reading
207
Web Links
207
Chapter
12
Discrimination in the Labor Market
208
Racial Discrimination in the Labor Market
208
Locus of discrimination
209
Disparities in earnings
210
Educational differences
211
Components of earnings disparities
213
Who discriminates?
216
Labor unions
218
Employers
219
Class Discrimination in the Labor Market
221
Sex Discrimination in the Labor Market
222
Occupational segregation
222
Summary
225
Further Reading
226
Web Links
226
Contents xi
PART III: POLICY OPTIONS
227
Chapter
13
Welfare Programs
227
Welfare versus Social Insurance
227
Types of income transfers
228
Welfare: The Cash Assistance Programs
229
Inadequacies
230
Inequities
231
Family disincentives
233
Saving disincentives
234
Work disincentives
234
Conflicting welfare goals
237
The goal compromise
238
Welfare Reforms,
1982-2002 239
State experiments,
1982-1988 239
The Family Support Act of
1988 240
State waivers,
1991-1995 241
PRWORA: The
1996
welfare reforms
241
Observed effects
243
Welfare: The In-Kind Programs
246
Food stamps
247
Medicala
247
Housing assistance
247
Nutrition programs
248
The welfare package
248
Revisiting the goal conflict
248
Continuing Welfare Reforms
251
Transitional assistance
252
Contingency funds
253
Work requirements
253
Family formation
253
2005
reauthorization
253
The Limits of Welfare
254
Summary
255
Further Reading
256
Web Links
257
Chapter
14
Social Insurance Programs
258
Social Security
258
OASDHI programs
258
Financing
259
Benefits
260
Poverty impact
262
Reform options
265
Medicare
266
Hospital insurance
266
Supplemental medical insurance
267
Poverty impact
267
xii Contents
Unemployment
Insurance 267
Eligibility conditions
268
Benefits
268
Poverty impact
269
Child-Support Enforcement
270
Child-support gaps
270
Enforcement policies
271
Poverty impact
272
Summary
274
Further Reading
275
Web Links
275
Chapter
15
Employment Policies
277
Aggregate Demand Policies
278
Demand management
278
Full employment versus price stability
278
The Phillips curve
279
The quality of jobs
281
Training Programs
283
Structural unemployment
283
Program experience
284
Generic problems
287
Living Wage Laws
288
Employment Tax Credits
289
Employer credits
289
Employee credits: The EITC
291
Family Policy
294
A Coordinated Approach
294
Summary
295
Further Reading
296
Web Links
296
Chapter
16
Equal Opportunity Policies
298
Equal Employment Opportunity Policies
298
The EEOC
299
The OFCCP
300
Quotas and guidelines
301
Reverse discrimination
302
Comparable worth
304
Class-based preferences
305
Equal Education Opportunity Policies
305
Limits on federal policy
305
De
jure versus
de
facto segregation
306
Housing patterns
306
Busing
309
Fiscal disparities
311
Compensatory education
313
Contents xiii
College
admissions
314
School-based
quotas
317
Summary
318
Further Reading
319
Web Links
319
Chapter
17
Direction and Prospects
320
The Causes of Poverty
320
Policy Directions
322
Welfare reform
323
Social insurance
324
Education and training
324
Macroeconomic
policy
325
Equal opportunity
325
Causes, Attitudes, and Policy
326
Index
327
|
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| id | DE-604.BV036487362 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:41:27Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780131889699 0131889699 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Schiller, Bradley R. 1943- Verfasser (DE-588)142587788 aut The economics of poverty and discrimination 10. ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson/Prentice Hall 2008 XVIII, 334 S. graf. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Diskriminierung (DE-588)4012472-1 gnd rswk-swf Armut (DE-588)4002963-3 gnd rswk-swf Wirtschaftspolitik (DE-588)4066493-4 gnd rswk-swf Diskriminierung (DE-588)4012472-1 s DE-604 Armut (DE-588)4002963-3 s Wirtschaftspolitik (DE-588)4066493-4 s 1\p DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bamberg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020410031&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Schiller, Bradley R. 1943- The economics of poverty and discrimination Diskriminierung (DE-588)4012472-1 gnd Armut (DE-588)4002963-3 gnd Wirtschaftspolitik (DE-588)4066493-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4012472-1 (DE-588)4002963-3 (DE-588)4066493-4 |
| title | The economics of poverty and discrimination |
| title_auth | The economics of poverty and discrimination |
| title_exact_search | The economics of poverty and discrimination |
| title_full | The economics of poverty and discrimination |
| title_fullStr | The economics of poverty and discrimination |
| title_full_unstemmed | The economics of poverty and discrimination |
| title_short | The economics of poverty and discrimination |
| title_sort | the economics of poverty and discrimination |
| topic | Diskriminierung (DE-588)4012472-1 gnd Armut (DE-588)4002963-3 gnd Wirtschaftspolitik (DE-588)4066493-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Diskriminierung Armut Wirtschaftspolitik |
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