Ethics and the neurosciences: ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Paderborn
mentis
2010
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | 416 S. |
| ISBN: | 9783897857100 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Titel: Ethics and the neurosciences
Autor: Nagel, Saskia K.
Jahr: 2010
Contents
Ethical Considerations for the Neurosciences 13
1.1 Opening the mind. 13
1.1.1 Three scenarios from fiction. 14
1.2 Motivation and introductory remarks. 19
1.3 Procedure. 26
Basic Accounts in Ethics 29
2.1 Applied ethics. 29
2.2 Applying ethics in the neurosciences. 32
2.2.1 Ethics of neuroscience and neuroscience of ethics . 40
2.3 Approaches to moral reasoning. 42
2.3.1 Deductivism . 43
2.3.1.1 Consequentialism. 43
2.3.1.2 Deontological Ethics . 46
2.3.1.3 Virtue Ethics. 48
2.3.2 Various principles. 51
2.3.3 Casuistry. 54
2.3.4 Principlism. 55
2.3.4.1 Grounding judgments in common morality 56
2.3.4.2 Respect for Autonomy. 58
2.3.4.3 Non-Maleficence . 60
2.3.4.4 Beneficence. 61
2.3.4.5 Justice. 62
2.3.4.6 Principlism - chances, conflicts, concerns 64
A Context-sensitive Approach to Ethical Deliberation 69
3.1 The underlying goal: Well-being and human flourishing . . 71
3.2 Pluralism as basis for context-sensitive deliberation . 84
10 Contents
3.3 Pragmatism - doing justice to the complexity of the cases 90
3.4 The method of choice: Reflective equilibrium. 100
3.4.1 Which role for principles?. Ill
3.4.2 How to proceed in decision-making - some criteria 113
3.5 Potential and limitations of monitoring and manipulating
the brain. 116
4 Monitoring Brain Processes - Potential and Concerns 119
4.1 Current technologies in brain-imaging. 121
4.1.1 Limitations of technology and data processing . . 123
4.2 Applications of brain-imaging technologies. 127
4.2.1 Neuromarketing - technology meets the consumer 127
4.2.1.1 Personalization in applications. 134
4.2.2 Monitoring moral and social reasoning . 136
4.2.3 On the matter of employment . 142
4.2.4 On everyday-life issues. 142
4.2.5 On issues in the courtroom: Credibility assessment
and its reliability. 145
4.3 Privacy issues in neuroethics compared to genetic privacy . 157
5 Manipulating Brain Processes - Facts, Questions, Dis-
cussion 165
5.1 Basic considerations on the concept of enhancement. . 165
5.2 The challenge of defining health and disease. 166
5.2.1 The malleable concept of enhancement. 171
5.2.2 What is normal?. 174
5.3 Enhancement - boosting brain capacities. 180
5.3.1 On plasticity. 181
5.3.2 Enhancement - examples from the domain of psy-
chopharmacology. 183
5.3.2.1 Old-style enhancement. 183
5.3.2.2 The aim: Enhanced physical capacities -
modifying muscles, sleep, and sex . 186
5.3.2.3 The aim: Enhanced cognitive performance
- renovating attention, learning, and mem-
ory . 189
Contents 11
5.3.2.4 The aim: Enhanced affective capacities -
reconditioning character traits, emotions,
and mood . 206
5.3.2.5 The aim: Enhanced moral capacities -
meddling with social abilities, interactions,
and trust. 212
5.3.2.6 The aim: Enhancing the later years - fight-
ing (the symptoms of) ageing .215
5.4 Neural prostheses. 220
5.4.1 Retinal and implants - potential and concerns . . . 225
5.4.2 Brain-machine interfaces: Bridging nervous tissue
and computer.229
5.5 Embracing the potential or fearing the consequences? . . . 233
5.5.1 Health risks and safety - short-term and long-term
perspectives.233
5.5.2 Is more choice always better?. 237
5.5.2.1 The theoretical background. 240
5.5.2.2 The burden of growing possibilities . . . 243
5.5.2.3 Pressures to engage in self-determination 247
5.5.2.4 Consequences of increased choice . . . 249
5.5.3 An important distinction: Deciding for oneself or
for someone else. 252
5.5.3.1 The argument of the open future . 258
5.5.4 The challenges - Part I: Practical aspects.262
5.5.4.1 Practical, social, and political aspects . . 262
5.5.4.2 Complicity, social pressures, risk of ho-
mogenization . 268
5.5.4.3 Medicalization - a discussion of disease
mongering.273
5.5.4.4 Direct-to-consumer advertising: A means
of destigmatization or the making of dis-
eases? . 276
5.5.4.5 Enhancement and Justice - who can and
should have access?. 280
5.5.5 The challenges - Part II: Socratic questions . 283
5.5.5.1 What makes you you? Personality: keep
it or change it?.284
Excursus: Sick souls and healthy-minded 292
12 Contents
What 'negative' emotions are good for
- a plea for the unloved. 294
5.5.5.2 Being authentically you - a noble goal . 296
Excursus: Pursuit of authenticity - a symp-
tom of preoccupation with the self? . 301
5.5.5.3 Naturalness - the given and its value . . 303
Gratefully accepting the gift or working
towards its improvement?. 310
5.5.5.4 Do means make a difference for the eval-
uation of the ends? About what we value. 312
Excursus: The role of the reward system 318
5.5.5.5 Transhumanism - what could that be? . 320
5.6 Summary on enhancement. 324
6 Outlook 329
6.1 Open Fields. 329
7 Conclusion 343
7.1 A plea for responsible practice. 343
7.2 Final remarks. 348
Bibliography 355 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Nagel, Saskia K. 1980- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)141397233 |
| author_facet | Nagel, Saskia K. 1980- |
| author_role | aut |
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| author_variant | s k n sk skn |
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| classification_rvk | BK 8200 CC 7264 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)699841618 (DE-599)DNB1001079248 |
| dewey-full | 612.8201 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 612 - Human physiology |
| dewey-raw | 612.8201 |
| dewey-search | 612.8201 |
| dewey-sort | 3612.8201 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Philosophie Medizin Theologie / Religionswissenschaften |
| format | Thesis Book |
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| spelling | Nagel, Saskia K. 1980- Verfasser (DE-588)141397233 aut Ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress Saskia K. Nagel Paderborn mentis 2010 416 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturangaben Zugl.: Osnabrück, Univ., Diss., 2008 Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 gnd rswk-swf Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 s Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020314928&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | Ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress |
| title_auth | Ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress |
| title_exact_search | Ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress |
| title_full | Ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress Saskia K. Nagel |
| title_fullStr | Ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress Saskia K. Nagel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress Saskia K. Nagel |
| title_short | Ethics and the neurosciences |
| title_sort | ethics and the neurosciences ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress |
| title_sub | ethical and social consequences of neuroscientific progress |
| topic | Neurowissenschaften (DE-588)7555119-6 gnd Ethik (DE-588)4015602-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Neurowissenschaften Ethik Hochschulschrift |
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