Handbook of thermoset resins:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Shawbury [u.a.]
iSmithers
2009
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturangaben |
| Beschreibung: | X, 410 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781847354105 9781847354112 |
Internformat
MARC
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|---|---|---|---|
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| 003 | DE-604 | ||
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| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 100310s2009 ad|| |||| 10||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781847354105 |9 978-1-8473-5410-5 | ||
| 020 | |a 9781847354112 |9 978-1-84735-411-2 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)558435396 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)GBV61034806X | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
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| 084 | |a UV 9100 |0 (DE-625)146920: |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Ratna, Debdatta |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Handbook of thermoset resins |c Debdatta Ratna |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Shawbury [u.a.] |b iSmithers |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a X, 410 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Literaturangaben | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Thermosetting plastics | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Duroplast |0 (DE-588)4150907-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 655 | 7 | |0 (DE-588)1071861417 |a Konferenzschrift |2 gnd-content | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018963289 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804141124300832768 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | с
ontents
General
Introduction
to Thermoset Networks
1
1.1
Introduction
...........................................................................1
1.2
Network Concept
...................................................................1
1.3
Gelation
..................................................................................2
1.4
Cure Characteristics
................................................................5
1.5
Effect of Vitrification on Polymerisation Rate
.........................8
1.6
Effect of Cure Conversion on Glass Transition
Temperature (Tg)
..................................................................10
1.7
Crosslinked Density
(Xc)......................................................12
1.8
Additives for Thermoset Resins
............................................14
1.8
Л
Antioxidants
.....................................................................14
1.8.2
Fillers
...............................................................................17
1.8.3
Blowing Agents
................................................................17
1.8.4
Coupling Agents
...............................................................18
1.8.5
Surfactants
.......................................................................18
1.8.6
Colorants
.........................................................................19
1.8.7
Other Additives
................................................................19
1.9
Processing of Thermoset Resins
............................................19
1.9.1
Die Casting
.......................................................................19
1.9.2
Rotational Casting
...........................................................20
1.9.3
Compression Moulding
....................................................20
1.9.4
Reaction Injection Moulding Process (RIM)
.....................21
1.10
Characterisation of Thermoset Resins
...................................22
1.10.1 Titration...........................................................................22
1.10.2
IR Spectroscopy
................................................................23
1.10.3
NMR Spectroscopy
..........................................................23
1.10.4
Distribution of Molecular Weights
...................................24
111
Thermoset Resins
1.10.4.1
Viscometry
......................................................25
1.10.4.2
End-Group Analysis
........................................26
1.10.4.3
Vapour Pressure Osmometry
...........................26
1.10.4.4
Membrane Osmometry
...................................26
1.10.4.5
Light Scattering
...............................................27
1.10.4.6
Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC)
.........28
1.10.5
Morphological Characterisation
.......................................28
1.10.5.1
Scanning Electron Microscopy
(SEM)
.............28
1.10.5.2
Transmission Electron Microscopy
(ТЕМ)
......29
1.10.5.3
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
....................29
1.10.5.4
X-ray Diffraction (XRD)
.................................31
1.10.6
Thermal Analysis
..............................................................31
1.10.6.1
Differential scanning Calorimetry (DSC)
.........31
1.10.6.2
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA)
............32
1.10.6.3
Time-Temperature Superposition (TTS)
..........34
1.10.6.4
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)
.................35
1.10.7
Rheological Characterisation
............................................35
1.11
Testing and Evaluation of Thermoset Resins
.........................38
1.11.1
Mechanical Properties
......................................................38
1.11.1.1
Tensile Test
......................................................40
1.11.1.2
Flexural Test
....................................................42
1.11.1.3
Creep Test
.......................................................43
1.10.1.4
Fatigue Test
.....................................................44
1.11.2
Fracture Toughness (Klc)
.................................................45
1.11.3
Impact Test
.......................................................................47
1.11.3.1
Pendulum Impact Test
.....................................47
1.11.3.2
Falling Weight Impact Test
..............................48
1.11.4
Heat Distortion Temperature (HDT)
................................49
1.11.5
Electrical Properties
..........................................................49
1.11.5.1
Electrical Conductivity
....................................50
1.11.5.2
Dielectric strength
...........................................51
1.11.5.3
Arc resistance
..................................................51
1.11.6
Flammability and Smoke Tests
.........................................52
1.11.6.1
UL-94 Flammability Test
.................................52
iv
Contents
1.11.6.2
Cone Calorimetry
............................................52
1.11.6.3
LOI
Test..........................................................53
2
Chemistry, Properties and Applications of Thermoset Resins
61
Introduction
....................................................................................61
2.1
Phenolic resins
......................................................................63
2.1.1
Novolac
............................................................................63
2.1.2
Synthesis of Resole
...........................................................65
2.1.3
Difference Between Novolac and Resole
...........................66
2.1.4
Characterisation of Phenolic Resin
...................................61
2.1.5
Crosslinking of Phenolic Resins
........................................67
2.1.6
Properties of Phenolic Resins
............................................70
2.1.7
Applications of Phenolic Resins
........................................70
2.1.8
Phenolic Resin as Additives
..............................................73
2.1.8.1
Additives for Rubber
.......................................73
2.1.8.2
Modifier for Polyethylene Oxide)
(PEO)
........73
2.2
Amino
Resins
........................................................................79
2.3
Furan
Resins
.........................................................................80
2.4
Epoxy Resins
........................................................................81
2.5
Unsaturated Polyester Resins
................................................83
2.5.1
Unsaturated Polyesters
.....................................................83
2.5.2
Polyester Structure
............................................................85
2.5.3
Polyesterification Kinetics
.................................................87
2.5.4
Types of Polyester
.............................................................89
2.5.4.1
General Purpose Resin
.....................................89
2.5.4.2
Speciality Polyester Resins
...............................90
2.5.5
Reactive Diluents or Monomers
.......................................91
2.5.6
Inhibitors
..........................................................................93
2.5.7
Curing of
UPE
Resin
........................................................94
2.5.8
Properties of
UPE
Resins
..................................................98
2.5.9
Application of
UPE
Resin
.................................................99
2.6
Vinyl Ester
(VE)
Resins
.......................................................100
2.6.1
Properties of
VE
Resins
..................................................101
2.6.2
Applications of
VE
Resins
..............................................102
Thermoset Resins
2.7
PU
......................................................................................102
2.7.1
Polyols
............................................................................102
2.7.2
Isocyanates
.....................................................................104
2.7.3
PrePolymers
....................................................................105
2.7.4
Extenders
.......................................................................106
2.7.5
Application
of
PU
Resins
................................................109
2.7.5.1
General Applications
.....................................109
2.7.5.2
Shape iVIemory
Applications
..........................110
2.7.5.3
Shape
Memory PU
.........................................111
2.8
Polyimides
..........................................................................115
2.8.1
Addition polyimides
.......................................................117
2.8.2
In situ
Polymerisation of
Monomeric
Reactants (PMR)..
121
2.8.3
Crosslinking of
polyimides
.............................................123
2.8.4
Curing of Polyimide Resins............................................
125
2.8.5
Application
of
Polyimide
Resins.....................................
125
2.9
Bismaleimide
Resins............................................................
127
2.9.1
Curing of Bismaleimides
.................................................129
2.9.2
Properties of Bismaleimide Resins
..................................130
2.9.3
Applications of Bismaleimide Resins
..............................130
2.10
Cyanate Ester Resins
...........................................................132
2.10.1
Curing of
CE
resin
..........................................................136
2.10.2
Properties of
CE
resins
...................................................138
2.10.3
Applications of
CE
resins
...............................................139
3
Epoxy Resins
155
3.1
Analysis and Characterisation of Epoxy Resins
..................157
3.1.1
Determination of Epoxy Equivalent
...............................157
3.1.2
Spectroscopic Characterisation
.......................................157
3.1.3
Solubility Parameter
.......................................................158
3.2
Epoxy Formulation
.............................................................158
3.2.1
Curing Agents
................................................................159
3.3
Gelation and Vitrification
...................................................168
3.4
Thermomechanical Properties
.............................................172
3.5
Chiral epoxy resins
.............................................................174
VI
Contents
3.6 Liquid
crystalline epoxy
......................................................176
3.7
Rubbery
epoxy...................................................................179
3.8 Applications
of
epoxy resin.................................................180
3.8.1 Vibration
damping applications......................................
181
4
Toughened Thermoset Resins
187
4.1
Toughening of Thermoplastics
............................................188
4.1.1
Mechanism of Toughening of Brittle Polymers
...............189
4.1.1.1
Shear Yieldingl
90
4.1.1.2
Rubber Cavitation
.........................................190
4.1.1.3
Crazing
..........................................................191
4.1.2
Morphological Aspects
...................................................192
4.2
Toughening of
Thermosets
..................................................193
4.3
Liquid Rubber Toughening
.................................................193
4.3.1
Reaction-Induced Phase Separation
................................195
4.3.2
Mechanism of Toughening of
Thermosets
......................198
4.3.2.1
Rubber Bridging and Tearing
........................199
4.3.2.2
Crazing
..........................................................200
4.3.2.3
Shear Yielding and Crazing
...........................200
4.3.2.4
Cavitation and Shear Yielding
.......................201
4.3.3
Microstructural
Features
................................................204
4.3.3.1
Volume Fraction
............................................205
4.3.3.2
Particle Size
...................................................205
4.3.3.3
Matrix Ligament Thickness (MLT)
................206
4.3.3.4
Interfacial
Adhesion
......................................207
4.4
Toughening of Vinyl Ester
(VE)
Resins
...............................208
4.4.1
Liquid Rubber Toughening
.............................................208
4.5
Modification of unsaturated polyester
(UPE)
resins
............211
4.6
Toughening of phenolic resins
.............................................216
4.7
Toughening of polyimide, bismaleimide and cyanate
ester resins
..........................................................................218
5
Toughened Epoxy Resins
237
5.1
Chemical Modification
.......................................................237
5.2
Rubber Toughening
............................................................240
vn
Thermoset Resins
5.2.1
Commercial Toughening Agents
.....................................240
5.2.2
Rubber-based Toughening Agents
...................................240
5.2.2
Acrylate-Based Toughening Agents
.................................243
5.2.2.1
Synthesis of Functionalised Acrylate Rubbers
244
5.2.2.2
Acrylate-Modified Epoxy
..............................247
5.2.3
Hyperbranched polymer (HBP)
-
based toughening
agents
.............................................................................253
5.3
Core-Shell Particle Toughening
...........................................257
5.4
Thermoplastic Toughening
.................................................259
5.4.1
Engineering Thermoplastics
............................................259
5.4.2
Amorphous Thermoplastics
............................................262
5.4.3
Crystalline Thermoplastics
.............................................263
5.4.4
Morphology and
Microstructural
Aspects
......................264
5.4.5
Mechanism of Toughening
.............................................266
5.4.6
Effect of Matrix Crosslink Density
.................................266
5.6
Rigid Particle Toughening of Epoxy
....................................267
5.7
Summary and Conclusion
...................................................268
б
Thermoset Composites
281
Introduction
..................................................................................281
6.1
Constituents of FRP Composites
.........................................283
6.2
Composite Interface
............................................................285
6.2.1
Surface Tension and Contact Angle
................................286
6.2.2
Fibre Surface Treatment
.................................................287
6.2.2.1
Glass Fibre
....................................................287
6.2.2.2
Carbon Fibre
.................................................288
6.2.2.3
Polymeric Fibre
.............................................290
6.3
Processing of Composites
....................................................290
6.3.1
Contact Moulding
..........................................................290
6.3.2
Compression Moulding
..................................................292
6.3.3
Resin Transfer Moulding
................................................292
6.3.4
Reaction Injection Moulding (RIM)
...............................294
6.3.5
Pultrusion
.......................................................................294
6.3.6
Filament Winding
...........................................................295
via
Contents
6.3.7 Prepreg
Moulding...........................................................
296
6.3.7.1 Prepreg..........................................................296
6.3.7.2
Moulding of Prepregs
....................................296
6.4
Analysis and Testing of Composites
....................................297
6.4.1
Determination of Glass Content
.....................................298
6.4.2
Mechanical Testing of Composites
.................................298
6.4.3 Interlaminar
Shear Stress (ILSS)
......................................298
6.5
Prediction of Composite Strength and Rigidity
...................300
6.6
Thermomechanical Properties of Thermoset Composites....
305
6.6.1
Thermal Properties
.........................................................305
6.6.2
Mechanical Properties
....................................................306
6.7
Toughened Composites
.......................................................308
6.7.1
Resin Toughening
...........................................................310
7
Thermoset Nanocomposites
321
Introduction
..................................................................................321
7
Themoset Nanocomposites
.................................................322
7.1
Thermoset/clay nanocomposites
.........................................324
7.1.1
Principle of polymer/clay nanocomposite formation
.......325
7.1.2
Methods of nanocomposite synthesis
.............................329
7.1.3
Characterisation of
PCN
................................................330
7.1.4
Controlling Factors for nanocomposite formation
..........334
7.1.6
Properties of
PCN
..........................................................339
7.2
POSS and silica-based nanocomposites
...............................343
7.3
Block copolymer-based nanocomposite
...............................350
7.4
CNT-based nanocomposites
...............................................351
7.5
Nanoreinforcement and toughening
....................................353
7.6
Nanotechnology and flammability
......................................360
7.6.1
Mechanism of flame retardancy
......................................360
7.6.2
Conventional flame
retardants
........................................361
7.6.2.1
Inorganic flame
retardants
.............................361
7.6.2.2
Halogen containing flame
retardants
.............362
7.6.2.3
Phopshorus Containing Flame
Retardant
......363
7.6.2.4
Nanoclay Based Flame
Retardant
..................367
їх
Thermoset Resins
7.6.2.5
Combination Organoclay and Other
Flame-Retardants
..........................................371
7.7
Application of nanocomposites
...........................................371
7.8
Summary and Outlook
.......................................................375
Abbreviations and Acronyms
385
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Ratna, Debdatta |
| author_facet | Ratna, Debdatta |
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| callnumber-subject | TP - Chemical Technology |
| classification_rvk | UV 9100 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)558435396 (DE-599)GBV61034806X |
| dewey-full | 668.422 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 668 - Technology of other organic products |
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| id | DE-604.BV036072024 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:10:52Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781847354105 9781847354112 |
| language | English |
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| physical | X, 410 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | Ratna, Debdatta Verfasser aut Handbook of thermoset resins Debdatta Ratna 1. publ. Shawbury [u.a.] iSmithers 2009 X, 410 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Literaturangaben Thermosetting plastics Duroplast (DE-588)4150907-9 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift gnd-content Duroplast (DE-588)4150907-9 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018963289&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Ratna, Debdatta Handbook of thermoset resins Thermosetting plastics Duroplast (DE-588)4150907-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4150907-9 (DE-588)1071861417 |
| title | Handbook of thermoset resins |
| title_auth | Handbook of thermoset resins |
| title_exact_search | Handbook of thermoset resins |
| title_full | Handbook of thermoset resins Debdatta Ratna |
| title_fullStr | Handbook of thermoset resins Debdatta Ratna |
| title_full_unstemmed | Handbook of thermoset resins Debdatta Ratna |
| title_short | Handbook of thermoset resins |
| title_sort | handbook of thermoset resins |
| topic | Thermosetting plastics Duroplast (DE-588)4150907-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Thermosetting plastics Duroplast Konferenzschrift |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018963289&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ratnadebdatta handbookofthermosetresins |