Future bioenergy and sustainable land use:
"Because of the major opportunities and risks associated with it, and the complexity of the subject, bioenergy policy has in a short time become a challenging political task for regulators and planners - a task that can only be accomplished through worldwide cooperation and the creation of an i...
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | English German |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u.a.]
Earthscan
2010
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | "Because of the major opportunities and risks associated with it, and the complexity of the subject, bioenergy policy has in a short time become a challenging political task for regulators and planners - a task that can only be accomplished through worldwide cooperation and the creation of an international framework. WBGU's (German Advisory Council on Global Change) central message is that the sustainable potential of bioenergy, which can be tapped all over the world, should be utilized - provided that threats to sustainability are avoided. In particular, the use of bioenergy must not endanger food security or the goals of nature conservation and climate change mitigation."--Publisher's description. |
| Beschreibung: | Dt. Ausg. u.d.T.: Welt im Wandel: zukunftsfähige Bioenergie und nachhaltige Landnutzung |
| Beschreibung: | XXVI, 365 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804141094701629440 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Council
Staff and Acknowledgments
...........................................................
V
Boxes
.................................................................................
XVII
Tables
..................................................................................
XIX
Figures
.................................................................................
XXI
Acronyms and Abbreviations
.............................................................XXIV
1
Introduction
........................................................................... 19
2
Motives for deploying bioenergy
..........................................................21
2.1
Current discourses on bioenergy
...................................................21
2.2
Sustainable global energy systems and land-use systems
................................23
2.2.1
Bioenergy, energy system transformation and climate change mitigation
..........23
2.2.2
Bioenergy, energy system transformation and energy poverty
....................24
2.2.3
Specific properties of biomass
...............................................24
3
Sustainability constraints upon bioenergy
..................................................27
3.1
Ecological sustainability
..........................................................27
3.1.1
Guard rail for climate protection
.............................................27
3.1.2
Guard rail for biosphere conservation
........................................28
3.1.3
Guard rail for soil protection
...............................................28
3.1.4
Additional ecological sustainability requirements
..............................29
3.2
Socioeconomic sustainability
......................................................29
3.2.1
Guard rail for securing access to sufficient food
................................29
3.2.2
Guard rail for securing access to modern energy services
.......................30
3.2.3
Guard rail for avoiding health risks through energy use
.........................31
3.2.4
Additional socioeconomic sustainability requirements
..........................31
3.3
Conclusion
......................................................................32
4
Bioenergy, land use and energy systems: Situation and trends
.................................33
4.1
Bioenergy in the global energy system
.............................................. 33
4.1.1
Current bioenergy use
..................................................... 33
4.1.1.1
Bioenergy in the global energy system
............................... 33
4.1.1.2
Use of bioheat and bio-electricity in the energy system
................. 35
4.1.1.3
Use of biofuels
................................................... 37
Contents
4.1.2
Current bioenergy promotion policy
.........................................40
4.2
Global land cover and land use
.....................................................46
4.2.1
Global land cover
.........................................................47
4.2.2
Global land use
...........................................................50
4.2.3
The influence of land-use changes on ecosystem services
........................52
4.2.3.1
Conversion of forest
..............................................52
4.2.3.2
Conversion of wetlands
............................................54
4.2.3.3
Conversion of grassland
............................................54
4.2.3.4
Conversion of arable land
.........................................55
4.2.4
Summing up
..............................................................56
5
Competing uses
........................................................................57
5.1
Introduction
.....................................................................57
5.2
Competition with food and feed production
..........................................57
5.2.1
Introduction
...............................................................57
5.2.2
Growing food supply and rising demand
......................................58
5.2.3
Challenges arising from changed dietary habits
................................59
5.2.3.1
A summary of individual foods: Global trends
........................59
5.2.3.2
Land requirements of dietary habits and foods
........................60
5.2.3.3
Additional land requirements as a result of changing dietary habits
.......62
5.2.4
Limits to potential food production
..........................................62
5.2.4.1
Potentially available land and soil degradation
........................63
5.2.4.2
Climate change impacts on production potential
.......................63
5.2.5
Impacts of the bioenergy boom on food security
...............................63
5.2.5.1
The four dimensions of food security
................................64
5.2.5.2
The influence of the bioenergy boom on prices and incomes
............65
5.2.6
Summary: Ways to defuse competition for land use
.............................70
53
Using biomass as an industrial feedstock
............................................. 70
5.3.1
Feedstock use of plant raw materials (excluding wood) in Germany
............... 70
5.3.2
Feedstock use of forestry products
.......................................... 72
5.3.3
Cascade use
.............................................................. 73
5.3.4
The outlook for material production without oil, gas and coal
................... 73
5.4
Competition with biological diversity
...............................................74
5.4.1
Competition between energy crop cultivation and existing protected areas
........74
5.4.2
Competition between energy crops and natural ecosystems outside protected areas
. 76
5.4.3
Competition between energy crops and the conservation of biological diversity
in agricultural areas
.......................................................78
5.4.4
The cross-cutting issue of climate change
.....................................80
5.4.5
Conclusions
..............................................................81
5.5
Land-use options for climate change mitigation
.......................................81
5.5.1
Forests and climate change mitigation
........................................82
5.5.1.1
Avoiding deforestation and forest degradation
........................82
5.5.1.2
Afforestation
.....................................................83
5.5.1.3
Forest management, sustainable forestry
.............................85
5.5.2
Agriculture and climate change mitigation
....................................85
5.5.3
Climate change mitigation through the use of long-lived biomass products
........86
5.5.4
Conclusions
.......................................................... 87
5.6
Competing use of soil and water
.......................................... 89
5.6.1
Soil degradation and desertification
...........................................89
Contents
XI
5.6.2
Overuse of freshwater resources
............................................90
5.6.3
Conclusion: Integrate energy crop cultivation into sustainable soil and water
management
.............................................................92
6
Modelling global energy crop potential
....................................................95
6.1
Previous appraisals of bioenergy potential
...........................................95
6.1.1
Bioenergy potentials in the recent literature
....................................95
6.1.2
Summary and evaluation
...................................................98
6.2
Global land-use models: The state of scientific knowledge
..............................98
6.2.1
Effects and impacts of human land use
........................................98
6.2.2
Typology of global models of land use and land-use change
.................... 100
6.3
Description of the model
.........................................................100
6.3.1
Methods used in the model
................................................ 100
6.3.1.1
Modelling plant productivity
...................................... 100
6.3.1.2
Agriculture in LPJmL
............................................ 101
6.3.1.3
Modelling the cultivation of energy crops
........................... 101
6.3.1.4
Comparison with measured data
................................... 101
6.3.1.5
Calculation of global bioenergy potential
........................... 101
6.3.2
Data sets used in the model
................................................ 102
6.3.2.1
Climate change and climate data
................................... 102
6.3.2.2
Land-use data
................................................... 102
6.4
Model assumptions and scenarios
.................................................102
6.4.1
Climate models and emissions scenarios
......................................102
6.4.2
Irrigation scenarios
....................................................... 102
6.4.3
Scenarios for the calculation of biomass potentials
............................103
6.4.3.1
Scenarios for securing food production
............................. 103
6.4.3.2
Scenarios for nature conservation
.................................. 105
6.4.3.3
Scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions from land-use changes
.........106
6.5
Results of the modelling of the global potential of energy crops
........................108
6.5.1
Influence of the climate models and emissions scenarios
........................108
6.5.2
Influence of the compensation period
....................................... 108
6.5.3
Bioenergy potentials for four scenarios
......................................110
6.5.4
Geographical distribution of possible land for energy crop cultivation
...........116
6.5.5
Biomass yields for trees and grasses
........................................ 116
6.6
Key uncertainties in the modelling
.................................................116
6.6.1
Quality of the climate data
.................................................116
6.6.2
Response of plants and ecosystems to climate change
..........................116
6.6.3
Availability of water and nutrients
..........................................117
6.6.4
Development of energy crop yields
......................................... 122
6.6.5
Land-use data
...........................................................122
6.6.6
Future irrigation possibilities
.............................................. 123
6.7
Regional survey
.................................................................123
6.7.1
Latin America and the Caribbean
.......................................... 126
6.7.2
China and neighbouring countries
.......................................... 126
6.7.3
Pacific Asia
.............................................................. 127
6.7.4
South Asia and India
......................................................127
6.7.5
Sub-Saharan Africa
......................................................127
6.7.6
Community of Independent States (CIS)
.................................... 128
XII
Contents
6.8
Interpretation and conclusions
....................................................128
7
Biomass cultivation and conversion to energy
..............................................133
7.1
Cultivation systems for biomass production as energy resource
.........................133
7.1.1
Energy crop cultivation in monoculture
......................................133
7.1.1.1
Perennial crops in the tropics
...................................... 134
7.1.1.2
Rotational crops in temperate latitudes
............................. 138
7.1.1.3
Perennial crops in temperate latitudes
.............................. 140
7.1.2
Short-rotation plantations (SRPs)
.......................................... 140
7.1.3
Agroforestry
............................................................ 141
7.1.4
Permanent grassland and pastures
.......................................... 143
7.1.5
Forests as biomass producers
............................................... 145
7.1.5.1
Biomass use in tropical forests
..................................... 145
7.1.5.2
Biomass use in temperate forests
................................... 147
7.1.5.3
Biomass use in boreal forests
...................................... 147
7.1.6
Summary evaluation of currently predominant cultivation systems
............... 151
7.2
Technical and economic analysis and appraisal of bioenergy pathways
...................151
7.2.1
Overview of energy conversion options
.......................................151
7.2.2
Energy conversion technologies
............................................151
7.2.2.1
Combustion and thermochemical processes
.......................... 151
7.2.2.2
Physical-chemical processes
....................................... 155
7.2.2.3
Biochemical conversion
........................................... 155
7.2.3
Efficiencies of various modern conversion processes
........................... 157
7.2.3.1
Overview of the bioenergy pathways investigated
..................... 157
7.2.3.2
Efficiencies
..................................................... 158
7.2.4
Efficiencies of various traditional conversion processes
........................ 165
7.2.5
Economic analysis and assessment of conversion processes
..................... 166
7.2.5.1
Production costs of modern conversion processes
.....................166
7.2.5.2
Discussion of future developments of bioenergy pathway costs
.........166
73
Greenhouse gas balances
.........................................................170
7.3.1
Life-cycle assessment methodology
..........................................170
7.3.2
Greenhouse gas balances of selected bioenergy pathways
......................171
8
Optimizing bioenergy integration and deployment in energy systems
.........................189
8.1
Bioenergy as a part of sustainable energy supply in industrialized countries
..............189
8.1.1
Transforming energy systems for improved energy efficiency and climate
change mitigation
.........................................................189
8.1.1.1
Transformation components
.......................................189
8.1.1.2
Transforming energy systems by combining the components
............194
8.1.2
The role of bioenergy in the sustainable energy supply of industrialized countries
.. 195
8.1.2.1
Bioenergy for transport: Bio-electricity versus biofuels
................ 196
8.1.2.2
Bioenergy for central and
decentrai
heat supply
...................... 196
8.1.2.3
Bioenergy for electricity generation: Control energy and cogeneration
... 197
8.1.2.4
Overall assessment of bioenergy in industrialized countries
............ 199
8.1.2.5
Stages en route to sustainable bioenergy use in industrialized countries
.. 199
8.2
Bioenergy as a part of sustainable energy supply in developing countries
................201
8.2.1
A revolution in traditional biomass use
.....................................201
8.2.2
Supplying energy in rural areas with the aid of modern biomass use
.............202
8.2.3
The role of bioenergy in the sustainable and integrated energy supply of
developing countries
.....................................................204
8.2.3.1
Bioenergy for transport
...........................................204
Contents XIII
8.2.3.2 Bioenergy
for heat and light
.......................................204
8.2.3.3
Bioenergy for central and
decentrai
electricity generation
.............207
8.2.3.4
Overall assessment of bioenergy in developing countries
..............207
8.2.3.5
Technological stages en route to sustainable bioenergy use in
developing countries
.............................................207
9
Sustainable biomass production and bioenergy deployment: A synthesis
.......................209
9.1
Sustainable production of biomass as an energy resource: The key considerations
........209
9.1.1
Biogenic wastes and residues
...............................................209
9.1.2
Land-use changes
........................................................209
9.1.3
Cultivation systems
......................................................210
9.2
Conversion, application and integration of bioenergy
.................................210
9.2.1
Climate change mitigation
.................................................211
9.2.1.1
Reducing greenhouse gases through bioenergy use: Measurement
and standard-setting
.............................................211
9.2.1.2
Taking account of indirect land-use change
..........................211
9.2.1.3
Replacing fossil energy carriers
....................................212
9.2.1.4
Climate change mitigation effect of different technical applications/
pathways
.......................................................212
9.2.2
Energy poverty
..........................................................216
9.2.3
Bioenergy as a bridging technology
.........................................217
10
Global bioenergy policy
................................................................219
10.1
Introduction
....................................................................219
10.2
International climate policy
.......................................................220
10.2.1
The UNFCCC as an actor in global bioenergy policy
...........................220
10.2.2
Evaluation, attribution and accounting of emissions
...........................221
10.2.2.1
The current rules and associated problems
...........................221
10.2.2.2
Criteria and opportunities for the further development of the rules
......224
10.2.3
Bioenergy and the Clean Development Mechanism
...........................227
10.2.3.1
Existing rules on bioenergy and its evaluation
........................228
10.2.3.2
Options for further development of the rules
.........................230
10.2.4
Approaches to an integrated post-2012 solution
...............................231
10.2.5
Conclusions
.............................................................232
103
Standards for the production of bioenergy carriers
...................................233
10.3.1
WBGU s criteria for a bioenergy standard
...................................233
10.3.1.1
A minimum standard for bioenergy carriers
..........................234
10.3.1.2
Promotion criteria for biomass production
...........................236
10.3.2
Schemes for the implementation of standards for bioenergy carriers
.............237
10.3.2.1
Standards established by private, state and supranational organizations
.. 238
10.3.2.2
Bilateral agreements
.............................................243
10.3.2.3
Multilateral approaches
...........................................244
10.3.3
Implications of the adoption of standards for trade in bioenergy carriers
..........245
10.3.3.1
Standards as a barrier to trade
.....................................246
10.3.3.2
Implications for trade relations with developing countries and emerging
economies
......................................................246
10.3.3.3
Preferential treatment of bioenergy carriers through qualification as
environmental goods and services
..................................246
10.3.4
WTO compliance of standards for bioenergy carriers
..........................247
10.3.4.1
Relevance of WTO law in standard-setting
...........................247
10.3.4.2
Justifying discriminatory measures
..................................248
XIV Contents
10.3.4.3
Legai
assessment of the sustainability standards recommended by
WBGU
........................................................250
10.3.5
Interim conclusion
.......................................................250
10.4
Options for securing the world food supply in the context of a sustainable bioenergy policy
252
10.4.1
New challenges arising from bioenergy use
...................................252
10.4.2
Short-term coping measures
...............................................253
10.4.2.1
Safety nets and other fiscal measures
...............................253
10.4.2.2
Administrative price ceilings
.......................................253
10.4.2.3
Short-term aid for smallholders
....................................253
10.4.2.4
Export restrictions on agricultural products
.........................254
10.4.2.5
Removal of distortions of trade in world agricultural markets
..........254
10.4.2.6
Financial assistance, emergency aid and reform of the Food Aid
Convention
.....................................................255
10.4.3
Medium-term and long-term measures
......................................256
10.4.3.1
Bioenergy strategies to avoid land-use competition
...................256
10.4.3.2
Promotion of the small-scale agricultural sector in developing countries
. 256
10.4.3.3
More extensive and more differentiated liberalization of world
agricultural markets
.............................................257
10.4.3.4
Promoting awareness of the consequences of different dietary habits
.... 258
10.4.3.5
Establishment of early warning and risk management systems
..........259
10.4.4
Conclusions
.............................................................260
10.5
International biodiversity policy and sustainable bioenergy
............................261
10.5.1
Protected areas and protected area systems
..................................262
10.5.1.1
CBD work programme on protected areas
..........................262
10.5.1.2
Further provisions of the CBD
.....................................263
10.5.1.3
Options for further elaboration
....................................263
10.5.2
Financing protected area systems through compensation payments
..............264
10.5.2.1
Financing the global network of protected areas through international
payments
.......................................................266
10.5.2.2
Options for further elaboration
-
criteria for an international
compensation regime
.............................................267
10.5.3
Contributions of the CBD to bioenergy standards development
................268
10.5.3.1
Provisions of the CBD as the basis for bioenergy standards
.............268
10.5.3.2
Routes towards implementation of biodiversity-relevant guidelines or
standards on bioenergy
...........................................269
10.5.4
Conclusions
.............................................................270
10.6
Water and soil conservation in the context of sustainable bioenergy policy
...............271
10.6.1
Soil conservation and desertification control: Potential and limitations
of the Desertification Convention
............................................271
10.6.2
Conservation and sustainable use of freshwater
...............................272
10.7
State promotion of bioenergy: Agricultural and industrial policies
......................273
10.7.1
Promoting bioenergy pathways through climate policy
.........................273
10.7.2
Promotion and intervention approaches under sustainable bioenergy policy
.......274
10.7.3
Agricultural policy: Promoting biomass cultivation for energy production
.........275
10.7.3.1
Favouring particular cultivation methods and ecosystem services
........275
10.7.3.2
International initiatives
...........................................275
10.7.4
Promoting the conversion of biogenic wastes and residues into energy
...........276
10.7.5
Technology policy and the promotion of selected conversion pathways
...........278
10.7.5.1
Conversion of
biomethane
to energy
................................278
10.7.5.2
Efficient system technology in electricity and heat production
..........280
10.7.5.3
Direct combustion of solid biomass to generate heat for private
households
.................................................281
Contents
XV
10.7.6
Promoting
bioenergy in final
use
...........................................281
10.7.7 International initiatives
and institutions for the promotion of sustainable
bioenergy
...............................................................283
10.7.7.1
International Renewable Energy Agency
............................283
10.7.7.2
International Conference on Sustainable Bioenergy
...................284
10.7.7.3
Multilateral Energy Subsidies Agreement
...........................284
10.7.8
Conclusions
.............................................................285
10.8
Bioenergy and development cooperation
...........................................285
10.8.1
Current bioenergy activities in international development cooperation
...........286
10.8.1.1
The World Bank Group and regional development banks
..............286
10.8.1.2
Programmes and specialized agencies of the United Nations
............288
10.8.1.3
Development cooperation activities of the European Union and
Germany
.......................................................289
10.8.1.4
The state of international development cooperation in the field of
bioenergy
......................................................291
10.8.2
Bioenergy strategies for developing countries
................................292
10.8.2.1
Combating energy poverty through off-grid rural energy provision
......293
10.8.2.2
Modernization of the energy sector and export production
.............295
10.8.2.3
Core elements of national bioenergy strategies for developing
countries
.......................................................296
10.8.3
Action under uncertainty: Consequences for active promotion policies
...........300
11
Research recommendations
.............................................................303
11.1
Bioenergy use and the greenhouse gas balance
......................................303
11.1.1
Improving greenhouse gas balancing of energy crop cultivation
..................303
11.1.2
Integrated assessment of climate change mitigation options in land and biomass
use
....................................................................304
11.1.3
Sequestration of CO2 in depots and black carbon in soils
.......................305
11.2
Sustainable bioenergy potential
...................................................305
11.2.1
Sustainable agriculture and energy crop cultivation
.............................305
11.2.2
International research programmes on sustainable and economic bioenergy
potentials
...............................................................306
11.2.3
Social sustainability
.......................................................307
11.3
Bioenergy and energy systems
....................................................308
11.3.1
Technologies of bioenergy use
.............................................308
11.3.2
Potential for using residues and waste for energy
.............................309
11.3.3
Modernizing traditional bioenergy use to overcome energy poverty
.............309
11.3.4
Integrated technology development and assessment for bioenergy
...............310
11.4
Bioenergy and global land-use management
.........................................310
11.4.1
Data on global land use and degradation
......................................310
11.4.2
Integrated scientific and economic land-use modelling
.........................311
11.4.3
Agents and drivers
.......................................................311
11.4.4
Linkages between energy crop cultivation and food security
....................311
11.4.5
Effects of changes in dietary patterns and lifestyles on climate and land use
......311
11.5
Shaping international bioenergy policy
.............................................312
11.5.1
Managing global land use
..................................................312
11.5.2
Standard-setting and the WTO regime
......................................312
11.5.3
Bioenergy policy and security policy
........................................313
11.5.4
Developing commitments under the UNFCCC and CBD
......................313
11.5.5
Methods of supporting decision-making under uncertainty
.....................313
XVI Contents
12
Recommendations
for action
............................................................ 315
12.1
Making bioenergy a consistent part of international climate policy
...................... 316
12.2
Introducing standards and certification for bioenergy and sustainable land use
........... 318
12.3
Regulating competition between uses sustainably
.................................... 320
12.3.1
Developing an integrated bioenergy and food security strategy
................. 320
12.3.2
Taking greater account of the coupling of land use, food markets and energy
markets
................................................................ 321
12.3.3
Taking greater account of increasing pressure on land use caused by changing
dietary habits
........................................................... 322
12.3.4
Implementing biodiversity policy for sustainable energy crop cultivation
......... 323
12.3.5
Improving long-term water and soil protection through energy crop cultivation
... 324
12.4
Targeting bioenergy promotion policies
............................................. 325
12.4.1
Reforming agricultural subsidies
........................................... 325
12.4.2
Advancing energy recovery from biogenic wastes and residues
.................. 326
12.4.3
Reorienting technology policy
............................................. 326
12.5
Harnessing sustainable bioenergy potential in developing and newly industrializing
countries
...................................................................... 328
12.6
Building structures for sustainable global bioenergy policy
............................. 330
13
References
........................................................................... 333
14
Glossary
............................................................................. 361
|
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| dewey-sort | 3333.9539 |
| dewey-tens | 330 - Economics |
| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften Geographie |
| edition | 1. publ. |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:10:25Z |
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| spelling | Welt im Handel Future bioenergy and sustainable land use Renate Schubert ... 1. publ. London [u.a.] Earthscan 2010 XXVI, 365 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Dt. Ausg. u.d.T.: Welt im Wandel: zukunftsfähige Bioenergie und nachhaltige Landnutzung "Because of the major opportunities and risks associated with it, and the complexity of the subject, bioenergy policy has in a short time become a challenging political task for regulators and planners - a task that can only be accomplished through worldwide cooperation and the creation of an international framework. WBGU's (German Advisory Council on Global Change) central message is that the sustainable potential of bioenergy, which can be tapped all over the world, should be utilized - provided that threats to sustainability are avoided. In particular, the use of bioenergy must not endanger food security or the goals of nature conservation and climate change mitigation."--Publisher's description. Biomass energy Biomass energy industries / Environmental aspects Land use / Environmental aspects Umwelt Biomass energy industries Environmental aspects Land use Environmental aspects Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd rswk-swf Landnutzung (DE-588)4259046-2 gnd rswk-swf Bioenergieerzeugung (DE-588)4145597-6 gnd rswk-swf Bioenergie (DE-588)4145596-4 gnd rswk-swf Biomasse (DE-588)4006877-8 gnd rswk-swf Energieverbrauch (DE-588)4014733-2 gnd rswk-swf Energiepflanzenbau (DE-588)4473009-3 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Bioenergie (DE-588)4145596-4 s Landnutzung (DE-588)4259046-2 s Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 s DE-604 Energiepflanzenbau (DE-588)4473009-3 s 2\p DE-604 Biomasse (DE-588)4006877-8 s Energieverbrauch (DE-588)4014733-2 s 3\p DE-604 Bioenergieerzeugung (DE-588)4145597-6 s 4\p DE-604 Schubert, Renate Sonstige oth Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018946391&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 2\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 3\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk 4\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Future bioenergy and sustainable land use Biomass energy Biomass energy industries / Environmental aspects Land use / Environmental aspects Umwelt Biomass energy industries Environmental aspects Land use Environmental aspects Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd Landnutzung (DE-588)4259046-2 gnd Bioenergieerzeugung (DE-588)4145597-6 gnd Bioenergie (DE-588)4145596-4 gnd Biomasse (DE-588)4006877-8 gnd Energieverbrauch (DE-588)4014733-2 gnd Energiepflanzenbau (DE-588)4473009-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4326464-5 (DE-588)4259046-2 (DE-588)4145597-6 (DE-588)4145596-4 (DE-588)4006877-8 (DE-588)4014733-2 (DE-588)4473009-3 (DE-588)4143413-4 |
| title | Future bioenergy and sustainable land use |
| title_alt | Welt im Handel |
| title_auth | Future bioenergy and sustainable land use |
| title_exact_search | Future bioenergy and sustainable land use |
| title_full | Future bioenergy and sustainable land use Renate Schubert ... |
| title_fullStr | Future bioenergy and sustainable land use Renate Schubert ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Future bioenergy and sustainable land use Renate Schubert ... |
| title_short | Future bioenergy and sustainable land use |
| title_sort | future bioenergy and sustainable land use |
| topic | Biomass energy Biomass energy industries / Environmental aspects Land use / Environmental aspects Umwelt Biomass energy industries Environmental aspects Land use Environmental aspects Nachhaltigkeit (DE-588)4326464-5 gnd Landnutzung (DE-588)4259046-2 gnd Bioenergieerzeugung (DE-588)4145597-6 gnd Bioenergie (DE-588)4145596-4 gnd Biomasse (DE-588)4006877-8 gnd Energieverbrauch (DE-588)4014733-2 gnd Energiepflanzenbau (DE-588)4473009-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Biomass energy Biomass energy industries / Environmental aspects Land use / Environmental aspects Umwelt Biomass energy industries Environmental aspects Land use Environmental aspects Nachhaltigkeit Landnutzung Bioenergieerzeugung Bioenergie Biomasse Energieverbrauch Energiepflanzenbau Aufsatzsammlung |
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