Rational choice:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.]
MIT Press
2010
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 158 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780262014007 9780262518055 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Rational choice |c Itzhak Gilboa |
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.] |b MIT Press |c 2010 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 158 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Decision making | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Game theory | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microeconomics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rational choice theory | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Social choice | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Rational Choice |0 (DE-588)4274923-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Rational Choice |0 (DE-588)4274923-2 |D s |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804140888886083584 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
xiii
Suggested Reading
xvii
I Optimization
1
1
Feasibility and Desirability
3
1.1
Examples
3
1.2
Separating Can from Want
3
1.3
What Is Meant by Rational?
5
1.4
Uncertainty
6
1.5
Zen and the Absurd
7
1.6
On Theories and Paradigms
9
2
Utility Maximization
11
2.1
Example
11
2.2
Two Points
17
2.3
Interpretations
17
2.3.1
Normative
18
2.3.2
Descriptive
19
2.3.3
Metascientific
20
2.4
Measurement Issues
21
2.5
Utility and Disutility
22
3
Constrained Optimization
25
3.1
General Framework
25
3.2
Example: The Consumer Problem
27
3.3
Marginality Principle
29
viii Contents
II Risk and Uncertainty
33
4
Expected Utility
35
4.1
Examples
35
4.2
Expected Value Maximization
36
4.2.1
i.i.d. Random Variables
36
4.2.2
Law of Large Numbers
37
4.2.3
Practical Meaning of Expected Value
38
4.3
Expected Utility Maximization
39
4.3.1 von
Neumann and Morgenstem s Theorem
39
4.3.2
Uniqueness of Utility
40
4.3.3
Risk Aversion
41
4.3.4
Prospect Theory
43
4.4
Elicitation of Utility
44
4.5
From Simple to Complex
46
5
Probability and Statistics
49
5.1
What Is Probability?
49
5.2
Relative Frequencies as Objective Probabilities
52
5.3
Subjective Probabilities
54
5.4
Statistical Pitfalls
56
5.4.2
Confounding Conditional Probabilities
57
5.4.2
Biased Samples
59
5.4.3
Regression to the Mean
61
5.4.4
Correlation and Causation
64
5.4.5
Statistical Significance
67
III Group Choices
71
6
Aggregation of Preferences
73
6.1
Summation of Utilities
73
6.2
Condorcet s Paradox
77
6.3
Impossibility Theorems
78
6.3.2
Arrow s Theorem
78
6.3.2
Scoring Rules and Grading Systems
80
6.3.3
Gibbard-Satterthwaite s Theorem
83
6.3.4
An Argument for Approval Voting
85
6.3.5
Conclusion
85
6.4
Pareto Optimality/ Efficiency
85
6.5
Limitations of Pareto Optimality
87
Contents
¡x
6.5.1
Silent on Equality
88
6.5.2
A Partial Order
88
6.5.3
Subjective
Beließ 90
Games and Equilibria
91
7.1
Prisoner s Dilemma
91
7.1.1
The Basic Story
91
7.1.2
Dominated Strategies
92
7.1.3
Back to Prisoner s Dilemma
95
7.1.4
The Meaning of Utility
95
7.1.5
Main Lessons
97
7.1.6
Changing the Rules of the Game
99
7.1.7
Repetition
100
7.1.8 Künt
s
Categorical Imperative and the Golden Rule
101
7.2
Nash Equilibria
103
7.2.1
Definition
103
7.2.2
Justifications
103
7.2.3
Mixed Strategies
105
7.3
Equilibrium Selection
107
7.3.1
Stylized Examples
107
7.3.2
Real-Life Examples
109
7
A The Power of Commitment 111
7.5
Common Knowledge
113
7.6
Extensive Form Games
113
7.7
Perfectness and Credible Threats
114
7.7.1
Backward Induction
117
Free Markets
119
8.1
Example: The Case for Globalization
119
8.2
The First Welfare Theorem
123
8.3
Limitations of Free Markets
129
8.3.1
Externalities and Public Goods
129
8.3.2
Market Power
130
8.3.3
Asymmetric Information
130
8.3.4
Existence versus Convergence
132
8.3.5
Formation of Preference
133
8.3.6
Irrational Behavior
133
8.3.7
What Is Measured by Utility?
134
8.3.8
A Limitation of
Parete Optimality
134
8.4
Example
135
Contents
IV Rationality and Emotions
137
9
Evolutionary View of Emotions
139
10
Utility and Well-Being
143
10.1
Money Isn t Happiness
143
10.2
Qualifications
145
20.2.2
The Validity of Questionnaires
145
10.2.2
Don t Push Others off the Hedonic Treadmill
147
10.2.3
People Don t Adjust to Everything
148
Epilogue
149
Notes
151
Index
155
Contents of Online Appendixes
Available at
http://
mitpress.mit.edu/rationalchoice.
В
Mathematical Preliminaries
A.I
Notation
A.2
Sets
A3
Relations and Functions
A.4
Cardinalities of Sets
A.5
Calculus
A.5.1
Limits of Sequences
A.5.2
Limits of Functions
A.5.3
Continuity
A.5.4
Derivatives
A.5.5
Partial Derivatives
A.6
Topology
A.7
Probability
A.7.1
Basic Concepts
A.7.2
Random Variables
A.7.3
Conditional Probabilities
A.7.
4
Independence and i.i.d. Random Variables
A.7.5
Law(s) of Large Numbers
Formal Models
B.I
Utility Maximization
B.2.2
Definitions
B.2.2
Axioms
Contents
В.1.3
Result
В.1.4
Generalization to a Continuous Space
В.2
Convexity
В.2.1
Convex Sets
В.2.2
Convex and Concave Functions
В.2.3
Quasi-convex and Quasi-concave Functions
В.З
Constrained Optimization
В.3.1
Convex Problems
В.3.2
Example: The Consumer Problem
В.З.З
Algebraic Approach
В.3.4
Geometric Approach
В.3.5
Economic Approach
В.3.6
Comments
В.4
vNM s Theorem
В.4.1
Setup
В.4.2
The vNM Axioms
В.4.3
Continuity
В.4.4
Independence
В.4.5
The Theorem
В.5
Ignoring Base Probabilities
В.6
Arrow s Impossibility Theorem
В.7
Nash Equilibrium
с
Exercises
D
Solutions
|
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| author | Gilboa, Itzhak 1963- |
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| dewey-raw | 302/.13 |
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| discipline | Soziologie Philosophie Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
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| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:07:08Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780262014007 9780262518055 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018764182 |
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| physical | XVIII, 158 S. graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2010 |
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| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | MIT Press |
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| spelling | Gilboa, Itzhak 1963- Verfasser (DE-588)131540548 aut Rational choice Itzhak Gilboa Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.] MIT Press 2010 XVIII, 158 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Decision making Game theory Microeconomics Rational choice theory Social choice Rational Choice (DE-588)4274923-2 gnd rswk-swf Rational Choice (DE-588)4274923-2 s b DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-262-26599-7 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018764182&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Gilboa, Itzhak 1963- Rational choice Decision making Game theory Microeconomics Rational choice theory Social choice Rational Choice (DE-588)4274923-2 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4274923-2 |
| title | Rational choice |
| title_auth | Rational choice |
| title_exact_search | Rational choice |
| title_full | Rational choice Itzhak Gilboa |
| title_fullStr | Rational choice Itzhak Gilboa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rational choice Itzhak Gilboa |
| title_short | Rational choice |
| title_sort | rational choice |
| topic | Decision making Game theory Microeconomics Rational choice theory Social choice Rational Choice (DE-588)4274923-2 gnd |
| topic_facet | Decision making Game theory Microeconomics Rational choice theory Social choice Rational Choice |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018764182&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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