Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land: collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Archaeopress
2009
|
| Schriftenreihe: | British archaeological reports / International series
2015 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | IV, 201 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9781407305905 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 cb4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV035862758 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20130521 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 091207s2009 abd| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9781407305905 |9 978-1-4073-0590-5 | ||
| 035 | |a (gbd)0939459 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)492142947 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BVBBV035862758 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-12 |a DE-19 |a DE-188 | ||
| 050 | 0 | |a NK4680 | |
| 082 | 0 | |a 728.8 |2 22 | |
| 084 | |a LF 5800 |0 (DE-625)91791: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a 6,12 |2 ssgn | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Zusman, Ṿardah |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)13998190X |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land |b collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority |c Varda Sussman |
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford [u.a.] |b Archaeopress |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a IV, 201 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a British archaeological reports / International series |v 2015 | |
| 610 | 2 | 4 | |a Israel. |b Rashut ha-ʻatiḳot |
| 650 | 4 | |a Funde | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Lamps, Classical |z Israel | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Lamps, Hellenistic |z Israel | |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Öllampe |0 (DE-588)4060401-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Funde |0 (DE-588)4071507-3 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 651 | 4 | |a Israel |x Antiquities | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Griechenland |g Altertum |0 (DE-588)4093976-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 651 | 7 | |a Palästina |0 (DE-588)4044381-4 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 688 | 7 | |a Lampen, griechische & römische |0 (DE-2581)TH000008261 |2 gbd | |
| 688 | 7 | |a Museen & Sammlungen |0 (DE-2581)TH000008291 |2 gbd | |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Palästina |0 (DE-588)4044381-4 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 1 | |a Öllampe |0 (DE-588)4060401-9 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | 2 | |a Griechenland |g Altertum |0 (DE-588)4093976-5 |D g |
| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Funde |0 (DE-588)4071507-3 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 810 | 2 | |a International series |t British archaeological reports |v 2015 |w (DE-604)BV023549802 |9 2015 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018720578&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 940 | 1 | |n gbd | |
| 940 | 1 | |q gbd_4_0912 | |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018720578 | ||
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 307.09 |e 22/bsb |g 38 |
| 942 | 1 | 1 | |c 307.09 |e 22/bsb |g 33 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804140842851500032 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Introduction
..............................................................................................................................................................1
Guide
to the Catalogue
.............................................................................................................................................6
Nomenclature-identification of the various parts of the Oil Lamps (Fig. A)
.........................................................7
Legend to the Catalogue
..........................................................................................................................................7
Acknowledgements
..................................................................................................................................................8
Part I
Chapter
1
Wheel-made Oil lamps: Saucer and closed oil lamps imported from Asia Minor and Greece
I.I Gl
&
G2: Iron Age III
-
Persian period, the 7*-6th centuries
ВСЕ,
Broneer
type
1,
Howland
type
9:
mid 7th
-
first part of 6th century
ВСЕ
&
type
11....................................................................................9
■ 1.1.2
-Gl with flattened base (Figs. 1&
2)........................................................................................................9
1.2.1 -
G2 Lamps with a central tube (Figs.
3 & 4)...........................................................................................10
1.3
H3A
&
В
Half-way closed lamps with a central tube (socket), Stick Lamps : 3rd -2nil &
centuries
ВСЕ;
Howland type 27B,
С
&D;(#l-#4)
.........................................................................................10
1.3.1
-H3A Lamps
(1 & 2)...............................................................................................................................10
1.3.2
-H3B Lamp
(#3)......................................................................................................................................11
1.4.
GH4
-
H8 Closed oil lamps, with U -shaped handles
.................................................................................11
1.4.1 -
GH4 Attic Greek closed lamps with U -shaped handles, 5th-3rd centuries
ВСЕ.
Broneer
type VI
&
VII
and Howland 23A, 23B, 23C; (#4-#14)
......................................................................11
1.4.2 -
GH4 Imported Attic oil lamps with U -shaped (band-shaped) handles: beginning of
the 5th-4* century
ВСЕ;
Broneer
Type VI until the appearance of Type
VII.
Howland
23
A, 34B
&23C.(#4)
.......................................................................................................................................................11
1.5
GH5 Straight sided lamps; high wall and U -shaped handle,
5*-3Γα
centuries
ВСЕ.
Broneer
Type
VII
(without a handle). Howland Type 24A and
25
А
-Prime
(Џ5-Ш)
....................................................12
1.6
H6 Lamps with globular-shaped body and U -shaped handle, late in 2nd quarter of the 4th and
in the 2n<r quarter of the 3rd century, before
348
ВСЕ;
Howland type 25A (#9-#12)
........................................12
1.7
H7 Lamps with low/shallow curved wall and U -shaped handle, the first half of the 4th century
ВСЕ
or second half of the 4th to 3rd century
ВСЕ.
Howland Type24C Prime
(#1.3).......................................13
1.8
H8 Globular lamps with inward slanting tops and U -shaped handles. Broneer type
VII;
first
quarter of the 3rd century
ВСЕ.
(#14)...............................................................................................................13
1.9
GH9 and H9: Globular oil lamps, imports from Greece and imitations from local workshops;
end of the Persian and during the Hellenistic period; late 5th until early 2nd century
ВСЕ.
Broneer type
VII,
Ball-shaped , 5th
-
during the 4th century
ВСЕ,
Howland types 24C Prime
&
25A Prime, late in the second quarter of the 5th into second quarter of the 3rd century
ВСЕ.
(#15-#62;andFig.
6)........................................................................................................................................13
1.9.1 -
H9AVariations to the above
...................................................................................................................15
1.10
H10 Globular oil lamps with perforated side lugs; 3rd quarter of the 4th into 2nd quarter of the
3rd century
ВСЕ.
Broneer
VII
and Howland 25B Prime
(#63).........................................................................15
1.
11
HI
1
А, В
&
C bikWelľ-shaped
lamps; 4th-3rd century
ВСЕ,
third quarter to the end of the
4*
century
ВСЕ.
Bronęer
Type
VII,
Howland type 23D;
(#64 & #65)................................................................16
1.11.1
-HllA&B
...........................................................................................................................................16
I.I
1.2
-VariationHI
1С..................................................................................................................................16
1.12
H12A
&
В
Variation of the inkwell with unperforated side lugs; late in the third quarter
of the 4 1 into first quarter of the 3rd century
ВСЕ.
Broneer type
XII
and Howland type 25D Prime,
includes perforated lugs;
(#66 & #67)....................................................................................................................17
1.13
НІЗА-С
Circular
flat topped oil lamps, with single unperforated side lug; late in the third
quarter of
4*
century
ВСЕ
into first quarter. Of the 3rd-mid 2nd century
ВСЕ.
Broneer
type IX
and Howland 25D Prime;
(#68-#71)..:......................:........................;,................................................;.........17
Ι.13.Ί-Η13Α
Lamp
(#68)....................„;..,...;.....;.........„...............................................................................17
1.13.2 -
H13B
Lamp
(#70) .·........„..„.......:,..,.:.....
u.................
......................................................................17
1.13.3
-H13C Lamp
(#71)....................;...........:..............................................................................................17
1.14
H14A-D Various lamps: variations of the Globular lamps, imported and local;
З^-і
centuries
ВСЕ
(#72-#76).
..;....,.....,....,..........................:...................................................................................18
1.14.1
-H14A Lamp
(#72)..................„......,...,............:.................................................................................18
1.14.2
-H14B Lamp
ЏТЅ)..<....:...>...,.
..........,..........................................
і.
.......................................................18
1.14.3
-H14C Tube-shaped lamps
(#74 & 75)......................................„.........................................................18
1.14.4
-H14D Pear-shaped body lamp
01:6).....L·.
.......................................................................................18
Chapter2.
.
:
. ■■■ ■
Local lamps after.Greek lamps
: 1.2.1
rH15 Beth
Zur
3rd-2ndcentury
ВСЕфП-Ш)...,...........
..........................................................................19
1.2.2 -
H16À-D
Neo-Babylonìan
lamps; 3td-2nd centuries
ВСЕ
and 2nd-lst centuries
ВСЕ
(#85-
#98)...............................................,..........:,...„............................,.,................;.:....,..................................20
1.2.2.1
-H16A Lamps
(Ѓ85-Ѕ90).,..,.......
............;.........................................................................................21
I.2.2.2-H16B Lamps
(#91,#95 `)...............
і..........
..........................;..................................................22
1.2.2.3 -
H16C Lamps of unknown origin with side lug and loop handle (Figs.
1
0A
&
B)
...........................22
1.2.2.4 -
H16D Lamps with a long stretched loop handle(#97
& #98),
Broneer Type
ХП
............................22
Chapter
3
;
V
Imported Wheel-Made Lamps and Mould-Made Imitations
1.3.1
H17 Wheelmade Rhodian Lamps
-
lamps with perforated lug/knob which do not project
from the circumference; mid 3rd -2nd century
ВСЕ;
Broneer^^ types
LX &
Howland Type
32.
(#99- #124)........................:..,................■;...........,...;........................................................................................24
1.3.2
HI
8
Local and other wheel-and mould-made lamps after Rhodian prototypes; end of the
3rd-2nd century
ВСЕ;
Broneer type XH and Howland type
34 (#125- #131)....................................................26
Chapter
4 :
Wheel-Made Oil Lamps from Asia Minor
■■
1.4.1
H19 Cnidian oil lamps
#138 & #139;
lst-2nd half of the 2nd-early 1st century
ВСЕ;
Broneer
Type
ХІП;
Howland type 35B
&
40A
(#132 & #133).....................,.......:.......................................................28
PartH
Chapter
5
ILI
Mould-made decorated lamps: imported or imitated
П.І.І
H20 A
&
В
With left side lugs, and
С
without a left side lug; decorated nozzles.
End of the
3rá-
1st century
ВСЕ;
Howland types 42A&D and 43E. (#134-#137)
H20Cwithoutsídeprojectíon(#136,H20B).„.
................................................................................................30
П.І.2
H21A
&
В
Decorated Oil Lamps with two side lugs; Turtle -shaped; 3rd to early 2nd century
ВСЕ;
Howland type 45A&B;
(#13
8-#l
46)......................................................................................................32
II.I.3
-
H22A-D - Kite-shaped and hoof-shaped lamps, decorated with radial strokes, 3rd-early
2nd centuries
ВСЕ,
Howland Type 47B and
Młynarczyk
type
D
(#148- #152).....·..........................................34
ІІ.І.ЗЛ-Н22А:
lamp
(#149);.,.........................................................................................................................34
ii
Π.Ι.3.2
-
Η22Β:
lamps
(#147 +
Shavei Zion)
(Fig. 17).....................................................................................34
II.I.3.3
-H22C:
lamps
(#148 & #152)...............................................................................................................34
П.І.3.4
-
H22D: lamp
(#152)...........................................................................................................................34
II.I.4
-
H23 Decorated lamps with human figures
&
Ërotes;
Late 3rd -2nd century
ВСЕ
and 2nd -I8
century
ВСЕ;
Howland Types 45A& 47B.* (#153-#167)
.............................................................................36
II.I.4.1
-
H23A Human figures: love scene
..................................................................................................38
П.І.4.2
-
H23B Winged figures; clad Erotes
..................................................................................................39
II.I.4.3
-
H23C Naked Erotes:
À
Still-Life posture
....................................................................................39
II.I.44
-
H23D Naked Erotes: In Movement.......
..........................................................................................40
11.1.4.5
-
H23E Deteriorated Erotes
..............................................................................................................40
11.1.4.6
-
H23F A lamp.found at Atlit
(#167)................................................................................................40
Chapter
6
II
ЛІ.
Lamps imported or designed from A: Egyptian and B: Asia Minor prototypes
11.11.5
-
H24 Lamps with two symmetrical pointed side projections, and a fan-shaped nozzle.
Late 3rd-2nd century
ВСЕ.
Howland 45C;
(Й168-Г175).
.................................................................................42
11.11.6
-
H25 Oil lamp with two dome like projections. 2nd-lst centuries
ВСЕ
(#176).................. ...................43
11.11.7 -
H26 Lamp with a single coriic.grooved projection on the left shoulder, 2nd-lst century
ВСЕ
(#177)......................................:.......:.......................................................................................................44
П.П.8.-
H27A
&
В
Lamps with right or left side projections with grooves (H27A) or without
(H27B) along the nozzle, 2nd-lst century
ВСЕ (еШ-ЯШ)
.............................................................................44
П.ІІ.9
-
H28A
&
В
Miscellaneous lamps with two minor side projections and grooves along the
nozzle. Probably 2nd-lst century
ВСЕ
(#183-#186)
...........................................................................................45
ІІ.П.9.1-Н28А.....
............................................................................................................................................45
II.IL9.2
-
H28B
............:........,„·.:.............„...................................:....................................................................45
ІІ.П.10
-
H29A
&
В
Lamps decorated with the Macedonian pattern, 2nd- 1st century
ВСЕ;
and
H29B lamps with rope across the nozzle (#188-#191)......
.........;............................,........................................45
11.11.10.1
-H29A
........:.................:...........,..............................,:.. ........
л
..........................................................45
ILII.
10.2
-H29B Lamp with rope across the nozzle
(#191).............................................................................46
II.II.ll
-
H30A
&
В
Mòuld-made
oil lamps made under both Ephesus and Egyptian influence:
H30A
-
lamps with left side projection late 2nd century
ВСЕ (#192-#193);Н30В:
lamp without
projections, under the
samé
influence,
2ná
century
ВСЕ
(#194).......................................................................46
11.11.11.1
-H30A Lamp
(#192).....:..,................................!...............................................................................46
П.П.11.2
-
H30B Lamp
(#194)..........................,................................;............................................................47
ILII.
12 -
Ή31Α
&
В
Lamps with three projections: two side-lugs and a plaque at the rear
or a lug-handle; 2nd-early 1st centuries
ВСЕ
(#195-#202)
...............................................................................47
ILII.
12.1 ■-
H3
ΙΑ
lamps with two side-lugs and at the rear a plaque (#195-#
198

99)..............................47
ILII.
12.2
-H3 IB lamps with a single side lug (projection)
(#201)................................................................47
II.II.12.il
-
H3ÍA1
Lamps with two side lugs
(#195, #197, #198 & #207).................................................47
ІЇ.П.12.1.2
-
H31A2 The lamp
(#199)...............................................................................................................48
ILII.
12.2
-H3IB lamp
(#201)..........................................................................................................................48
П.ІІ.13
-
H32A,
В
&C Multiple nozzle lamps (#203-#206)
.................................................................................49
11.11.13.1
-Ή32Α
Lamps, where the nozzles
fonna
circle
..............................................................................49
11.11.13.2-
H32B
...............................................................................................................................................49
IŁU.
13.3 -
H32C Box-shaped lamp
(#205)......................................................................................................49
ILII.
14 -
H33 Oil lamps with a single side projection, S -shaped or Delphiniform , 2nd-early 1st
century
ВСЕ (#206-#2б7) ...............................................................................................................................
55
ILII.
14.1 -
НЗЗА
Lamp with a loop handle, 2nd
-
Iй century
ВСЕ
...................................................................55
ILII.14.2
&
IL14.3
-
H33
В
&
С
Different, degenerated left side projections; 2nd-lst century
ВСЕ
..................................·...........................................................................................................................55
iii
ΙΙ.Π.14.3-Η33Β....
.....:........;...........................................................................................................................55
.■: ЇШ;14.4-НЗЗЄ
........................
....і........^..........:...........,.......
.............
λ
............................................................55
Chapter?
_·■:.·■■■ . .
П.Ш
-
Mould-made: Local Workshops of the-3rd-2nd
Century
ВСЕ
П.Ш.1-Н34&П.Ш.2-Н35(#269-#285);
Tirât Yëhuda
&
Samaria
...................................................................56
П.Ш.
1.1 -
H34 Lamps from the workshop of Tirat Yehuda; mid
Уа-2па
century
ВСЕ
(#269-
Ш1Є)
.............. ...........,....,:..................................„.....„....................................................................................56
П.Ш.1.2
-
H34À
Lamps with a single side projection
(#269, #270, #271, #272 & #273)...............................57
П.ШЛ.2-Ю4В
Lamps without any projection
(#275)...................................,................................................57
n.m.l.3-H34CLamp(#276)................„...........,......
...M
................................................................................57
П.Ш.2
-
Ю5А,
В, С
&
D
-
Samaria type lamps, mid 2nd-lst century
ВСЕ
(80
ВСЕ)
Џ2П-Ш6)
....................58
П.Ш.2.1
-H35A Short with side projections, nozzles decorated with a hanging pattern
.................................58
П.Ш.2.2-Н35В
Lamps without the side projection, resembling pegs .
........................................................59
ШП.2.3
-
H35C Miniature lamps (#280-#282)
...................:..............................,..........................................59
11^.2.4-11350
Lamp with a loop handle (discussed also under (#33A)
(#267)...........................................59
П.Ш.З
-
H36 -H41 The Jerusalem Workshop
2nd-lst
centuries BCE-l8 century
CE. (#287-#347)
...................59
П.Ш.3.1
-H36 Lamps with single left side flat projections; 2nd-lst centuries
ВСЕ....
.....................................59
П.Ш.3.1.1-Н36А
Diminished projection.............
...........................................................................................60
П.Ш.3.2
-
H37 Lamps with a marked double widening or just marked; late 2nd
-
1st century
все
.............:......:.,.....:.„..........................;..................................................................................................61
П.Ш.3.2.1
-
H37A Lamps with slightly widened shoulders..
.............-..............................................................61
П.Ш.З.З
·.-
H38 Circular shaped lamps 2nd-lst century
ВСЕ
............................................................................62
П.Ш.3.4
-
H39 Circular lamps with a very short nozzle, Is century
BCE-ť
century
CE
П.Ш.3.5
-
H40 Lamps with a circular body, a narrow channel (wide groove) between the
double ring-rim, marked projections , late 2nd-lst century BCE-l8 century
CE..
...................;........................62
П.Ш.3
.6 -
H41A
&
B
-С
Circular lamps with a wide flange/ channel around the filling hole; end
of 1st century BCE-l5 century
CE
........:.................................................................................................,........63
П.Ш.3.6.1
-
H41B Miscellenious
(#324, #325, #326, #327 & 329).................................................................63
П.Ш.3.6.2
-
Summary
..................■„..................................................................................................................63
П.Ш.3.6.3
-
H41C Miscellenous lamps
(#348)...............................................................................................64
11.111.3.6.4-
Summary -H36-H41
......................................................;.............................................................64
Chapter
8
n.IV Mould made: Late Hellenistic Imported lamps
n.rV.l
-
H42A-G Ephesus type lamps, last quarter of the 2nd- into the 1st century
ВСЕ.
Broneer
Type
ХГХ,
Howland Type 49A (#349-#369)
.............................................................................·......................66
nXV.l.l
-
H42A Ending in a pointed triangle
(Ѓ349-Ѓ258)....
.........................................................................66
ШУЛ-г-ЈШВ
With circular tip of nozzle
(#359
&Fig.38)
..........................................................................67
II.rV.1
.3 -
H42C Lamp within cradle lamp
(#361)...........................................................................................67
ІШЛА
-
H42D Variations
(#362
ū)
.....................................................................................................67
Π.ΐν.1.5~Η42Ε
Variations
(#369 & #370).....................................................................................................67
njV.1.6
-
H42F Variation
(#366)....................................................................................................................68
П.ГУЛ
.7
-H42G Variations
(#367 & #368).....................................................................................................68
ILIV.1.8-H42H Variation
^39)..................................................■.......................................·.............,-.....68
Bibliography
.....,...........................................................................................................................................■........71
Map of the sites showing distribution of the types included in the catalogue
........................................................81
Table of sites; lamp types and dates.,«.,,...-..
......„,„.........................................................-......................................82
Concordance table of catalogue entries and sites
,....,...............................................................·.....·..........·............83
Catalogue
.....,.„„„„„„„„.-.......,„.„,.„..„,................................................................................■.............................96
Plates
.........................................................................................................................................................
-Л62
iv
Introduction
This
catalogue
of closed pottery oil lamps follows the
previous volume of Saucer Lamps 1 and contains mainly
intact oil lamps discovered in excavations, and listed with
the Antiquities Authority up to. the year
1988.
The
volume includes Archaic Greek and Hellenistic lamps
made in Eastern Greece in the late
7*-$.*
centuries
ВСЕ;
mainland Greece; Classical Greece of the
б 1·^*
centuries
ВСЕ;
and lamps made after the conquest of the East by
Alexander the Great
(333-332
ВСЕ)
to the Roman
conquest (1st century BCE-early 1st century
CE),
during
which both civilizations
-
of the West and the East
-
merged into what is known as the Hellenistic period and
the Hellenistic culture.
The origin of the idea of turning an everyday common
vessel, the bowl, into a special vessel meant for lighting,
the lamp, came from the East. It was done with minimum
effort, just slightly pinching the bowl s rim which, with
minimum changes, lasted from the late Chalcolithic
period to the end of the first
millenium
ВСЕ
(this lamp
form was made sporadically in later periods as well).
At the end of the Iron Age and during the Persian period,
from the 7th century
ВСЕ,
a new lamp production center
came into existence in Eastern Greece (Anatolia, in
Turkey), later expanding to mainland Greece. These new
lamp production centers used a completely different
technique in fashioning lamps. This revolution ended.in a
complete physical change of the lamp; instead of
pinching at one point to create a wick rest, the new
process bent the entire circumference of the bowl inward,
ending in a closed vessel. The change was slow and
gradual, lasting at least to the 5th century
ВСЕ.
This
closed lamp also firmly stood the test of time while
undergoing evolutionary changes of form.
This new. lamp industry quickly supplanted the east from
its hegemony in lamp production, capturing its markets
and bringing it to an end. We suggest that even the small
proportion of lamps imported during the Persian period in
the
6*
century
ВСЕ
put pressure on local production;
producers and consumers learned that new types of oil
lamps, better and more efficient, were on their way. And
indeed, these imported lamps gradually replaced the local
industry; in the
provincia
Syria-Palestina,
local lamps
were almost entirely replaced by the new imported
merchandise
-
unlike other pottery vessels that continued
to be made locally with minor changes.
,
In the southern part of the Mediterranean, particularly
North Africa,2 the Punic oil lamp, made in the old
pinching technique, remained popular. Combined with
the new bending process, another version of a closed
lamp emerged, lasting from the 4th-2nd centuries
ВСЕ.
They slightly resemble the
]
of the 3r-1st centuries
ВСЕ.
local Hellenistic pinched lamp
We suggest several reasons for the closing of the lamps:
preventing the precious combustable material, the oil,
from spilling out; diminishing its size, making the lamp
more transportable; and creating a better protected place
for the wick. This technical change brought about the
separation of the lamps into two parts, each having a
function: an oil receptacle, with a wide opening through
which oil was poured to fill it, and another smaller hole,
pierced at the end of a protrusion for inserting the wick,
called the nozzle. This idea had already been tried in the
East in the Late Bronze/Iron
I
-П
periods,3 and again in
the Hellenistic period, by pinching an ordinary bowl.
The Greek way of closing the bowl was similar to lamps
made in early-middle Minoan culture in Crete,4 which
may have served as a prototype to the Greek industry.
This was fashioned by using a small saucer or bowl. The
bowl used in Greece was of an Attic-Black glazed ware,
typical of Greek Classical pottery. Lamps produced in
Athens and Corinth were made in known and dated
.
workshops, and signed by the potters who made them.5
Imported lamps serve as important tools in the dating and
chronology of lamps and other finds found outside
Greece, including our own region (which we will call the
Levant, enclosing The Holy land, Lebanon, Syria and
/
Jordan). As yet, we are unable to determine the exact date
í
of arrival of these products into the Levant. The lamps
were part of the East Greek and later mainland Greek
commerce along the Mediterranean coast, brought by
new settlers or merchants who settled in
Mesad
Hashavyahu.6 (Figs.1-4) Their different shape and ware
make them easy to identify, distinguishing them from
local lamps; imitations were identified by their inferior
quality, or the different clays from which the oil lamps
were made. The number of imported oil lamps into the
country prior to the Hellenistic period is rather small.
The early Greek lamp industry, and the later Hellenistic
ones, lasted until replaced by the flourishing new Roman
lamp industry in the second half of the 1st century
ВСЕ.
The rival industry in Rome was taken over relatively
quickly in the
2
century
CE
by the Greeks, becoming
once more a leading power owing to their creative ability.
The lamps were as good as the originals made in Rome.
The main workshops were in Corinth in the 2nd century
CE,
and later in Athens.
1
Sussmau,
2007,
2
Deneave J. D.,
1969,
Carthage, Pis. XVII-XII.
3
Sussman,
2007.
lamps pp.1507-1581.
Oliata,
1967,
Zeror, Vol.
II, Pls.X:9,10 and
XXVIII; Yanai,
1995;
Sussman,
2007,
Fig.6.34
and note
1
above.
4
Person,
1942,
Crete.
5
Howland,
1958^.3-4.
Naveh,
1962,
Mesad
Hashavyahu, pp.89-1
13,
Fig.8:l-4.
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Zusman, Ṿardah |
| author_GND | (DE-588)13998190X |
| author_facet | Zusman, Ṿardah |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Zusman, Ṿardah |
| author_variant | ṿ z ṿz |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035862758 |
| callnumber-first | N - Fine Arts |
| callnumber-label | NK4680 |
| callnumber-raw | NK4680 |
| callnumber-search | NK4680 |
| callnumber-sort | NK 44680 |
| callnumber-subject | NK - Decorative Arts |
| classification_rvk | LF 5800 |
| ctrlnum | (gbd)0939459 (OCoLC)492142947 (DE-599)BVBBV035862758 |
| dewey-full | 728.8 |
| dewey-hundreds | 700 - The arts |
| dewey-ones | 728 - Residential and related buildings |
| dewey-raw | 728.8 |
| dewey-search | 728.8 |
| dewey-sort | 3728.8 |
| dewey-tens | 720 - Architecture |
| discipline | Architektur Klassische Archäologie |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>02348nam a2200589 cb4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV035862758</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20130521 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">091207s2009 abd| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9781407305905</subfield><subfield code="9">978-1-4073-0590-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(gbd)0939459</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)492142947</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BVBBV035862758</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-19</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-188</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">NK4680</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">728.8</subfield><subfield code="2">22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">LF 5800</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)91791:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">6,12</subfield><subfield code="2">ssgn</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zusman, Ṿardah</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)13998190X</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land</subfield><subfield code="b">collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority</subfield><subfield code="c">Varda Sussman</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Oxford [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Archaeopress</subfield><subfield code="c">2009</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">IV, 201 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">British archaeological reports / International series</subfield><subfield code="v">2015</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="610" ind1="2" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Israel.</subfield><subfield code="b">Rashut ha-ʻatiḳot</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Funde</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Lamps, Classical</subfield><subfield code="z">Israel</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Lamps, Hellenistic</subfield><subfield code="z">Israel</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Öllampe</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4060401-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Funde</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4071507-3</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Israel</subfield><subfield code="x">Antiquities</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Griechenland</subfield><subfield code="g">Altertum</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4093976-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Palästina</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4044381-4</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="688" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Lampen, griechische & römische</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-2581)TH000008261</subfield><subfield code="2">gbd</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="688" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Museen & Sammlungen</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-2581)TH000008291</subfield><subfield code="2">gbd</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Palästina</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4044381-4</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Öllampe</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4060401-9</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Griechenland</subfield><subfield code="g">Altertum</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4093976-5</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="3"><subfield code="a">Funde</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4071507-3</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="810" ind1="2" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">International series</subfield><subfield code="t">British archaeological reports</subfield><subfield code="v">2015</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-604)BV023549802</subfield><subfield code="9">2015</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018720578&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="n">gbd</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="940" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="q">gbd_4_0912</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018720578</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">307.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="g">38</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="942" ind1="1" ind2="1"><subfield code="c">307.09</subfield><subfield code="e">22/bsb</subfield><subfield code="g">33</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| geographic | Israel Antiquities Griechenland Altertum (DE-588)4093976-5 gnd Palästina (DE-588)4044381-4 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Israel Antiquities Griechenland Altertum Palästina |
| id | DE-604.BV035862758 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:06:24Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781407305905 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018720578 |
| oclc_num | 492142947 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 |
| physical | IV, 201 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| psigel | gbd_4_0912 |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Archaeopress |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | British archaeological reports / International series |
| spelling | Zusman, Ṿardah Verfasser (DE-588)13998190X aut Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority Varda Sussman Oxford [u.a.] Archaeopress 2009 IV, 201 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier British archaeological reports / International series 2015 Israel. Rashut ha-ʻatiḳot Funde Lamps, Classical Israel Lamps, Hellenistic Israel Öllampe (DE-588)4060401-9 gnd rswk-swf Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd rswk-swf Israel Antiquities Griechenland Altertum (DE-588)4093976-5 gnd rswk-swf Palästina (DE-588)4044381-4 gnd rswk-swf Lampen, griechische & römische (DE-2581)TH000008261 gbd Museen & Sammlungen (DE-2581)TH000008291 gbd Palästina (DE-588)4044381-4 g Öllampe (DE-588)4060401-9 s Griechenland Altertum (DE-588)4093976-5 g Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 s DE-604 International series British archaeological reports 2015 (DE-604)BV023549802 2015 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018720578&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Zusman, Ṿardah Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority Israel. Rashut ha-ʻatiḳot Funde Lamps, Classical Israel Lamps, Hellenistic Israel Öllampe (DE-588)4060401-9 gnd Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4060401-9 (DE-588)4071507-3 (DE-588)4093976-5 (DE-588)4044381-4 |
| title | Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority |
| title_auth | Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority |
| title_exact_search | Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority |
| title_full | Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority Varda Sussman |
| title_fullStr | Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority Varda Sussman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority Varda Sussman |
| title_short | Greek and Hellenistic wheel- and mould-made closed oil lamps in the Holy Land |
| title_sort | greek and hellenistic wheel and mould made closed oil lamps in the holy land collection of the israel antiquities authority |
| title_sub | collection of the Israel Antiquities Authority |
| topic | Israel. Rashut ha-ʻatiḳot Funde Lamps, Classical Israel Lamps, Hellenistic Israel Öllampe (DE-588)4060401-9 gnd Funde (DE-588)4071507-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Israel. Rashut ha-ʻatiḳot Funde Lamps, Classical Israel Lamps, Hellenistic Israel Öllampe Israel Antiquities Griechenland Altertum Palästina |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018720578&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV023549802 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zusmanvardah greekandhellenisticwheelandmouldmadeclosedoillampsintheholylandcollectionoftheisraelantiquitiesauthority |