The use of nutrients in crop plants:
"Scarcity of natural resources, higher costs, higher demand, and concerns about environmental pollution - under these circumstances, improving food supply worldwide with adequate quantity and quality is fundamental. Based on the author's more than forty years of experience, The Use of Nutr...
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.]
CRC Press
2009
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Table of contents only Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Zusammenfassung: | "Scarcity of natural resources, higher costs, higher demand, and concerns about environmental pollution - under these circumstances, improving food supply worldwide with adequate quantity and quality is fundamental. Based on the author's more than forty years of experience, The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants builds a bridge between theoretical aspects of mineral nutrition and practical applicability of basic principles of fertilization and use efficiency of essential plant nutrients. The book explores how to maximize essential nutrients uptake and use efficiency by food crops and how to improve productivity without degrading the environment. It covers nutrients and their cycle in soil-plant systems, functions, and deficiency symptoms. The author includes management strategies that can lead to a reduction in the cost of crop production and environmental degradation. He emphasizes field conditions, crop production, and soil chemistry. Comprehensive coverage of essential nutrients and experimental results are accompanied by tables and figures of updated experimental data that make practical information easily accessible. Agricultural science is very dynamic in nature and fertilizer practices change with time due to the release of new cultivars and changing production practices in sustainable crop production systems. The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants provides in-depth scientific information that is applicable through many methods of crop production. It is a valuable tool for improving crop yields at lower cost and less stress on the environment." -- Publisher's description. |
Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
Beschreibung: | XV, 430 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm |
ISBN: | 9781420075106 1420075101 |
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300 | |a XV, 430 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. |c 24 cm | ||
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520 | 3 | |a "Scarcity of natural resources, higher costs, higher demand, and concerns about environmental pollution - under these circumstances, improving food supply worldwide with adequate quantity and quality is fundamental. Based on the author's more than forty years of experience, The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants builds a bridge between theoretical aspects of mineral nutrition and practical applicability of basic principles of fertilization and use efficiency of essential plant nutrients. The book explores how to maximize essential nutrients uptake and use efficiency by food crops and how to improve productivity without degrading the environment. It covers nutrients and their cycle in soil-plant systems, functions, and deficiency symptoms. The author includes management strategies that can lead to a reduction in the cost of crop production and environmental degradation. He emphasizes field conditions, crop production, and soil chemistry. Comprehensive coverage of essential nutrients and experimental results are accompanied by tables and figures of updated experimental data that make practical information easily accessible. Agricultural science is very dynamic in nature and fertilizer practices change with time due to the release of new cultivars and changing production practices in sustainable crop production systems. The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants provides in-depth scientific information that is applicable through many methods of crop production. It is a valuable tool for improving crop yields at lower cost and less stress on the environment." -- Publisher's description. | |
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650 | 4 | |a Crops |x Effect of minerals on | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | Titel: The use of nutrients in crop plants
Autor: Fageria, N. K.
Jahr: 2009
Contents
Preface....................................................................................................................xiii
Author......................................................................................................................xv
Chapter 1 Mineral Nutrition versus Yield of Field Crops.....................................1
1.1 Introduction.....................................................................................................1
1.2 History of Mineral Nutrition Research...........................................................3
1.3 Nutrient Requirements for Crop Plants...........................................................5
1.4 Diagnostic Techniques for Nutritional Requirements.....................................6
1.5 Association between Nutrient Uptake and Crop Yields.................................8
1.6 Factors Affecting Nutrient Availability..........................................................9
1.7 Field Crops....................................................................................................10
1.7.1 Classification of Field Crops..............................................................10
1.7.1.1 Agronomic Use.....................................................................10
1.7.1.2 Botanical..............................................................................10
1.7.1.3 Growth Habit........................................................................13
1.7.1.4 Forage Crops........................................................................13
1.7.1.5 Special Purpose....................................................................13
1.7.1.6 Photorespiration...................................................................14
1.8 Crop Yield.....................................................................................................16
1.8.1 Yield Components..............................................................................17
1.8.2 Cereal versus Legume Yields............................................................22
1.9. Conclusions...................................................................................................25
References................................................................................................................26
Chapter 2 Nitrogen..............................................................................................31
2.1 Introduction...................................................................................................31
2.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.........................................................................32
2.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms............................................................37
2.4 Definitions and Estimation of N Use Efficiency...........................................40
2.5 Uptake and Partitioning................................................................................40
2.5.1 Concentration.....................................................................................41
2.5.2 Uptake................................................................................................44
2.5.3 Nitrogen Harvest Index......................................................................47
2.6 NH4+ versus NCy Uptake.............................................................................47
2.7 Interaction with Other Nutrients...................................................................52
2.8 Management Practices to Maximizing N Use Efficiency.............................53
2.8.1 Liming Acid Soils..............................................................................54
2.8.2 Use of Crop Rotation.........................................................................56
2.8.3 Use of Cover/Green Manure Crops....................................................58
vi The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants
2.8.4 Use of Farmyard Manures.................................................................61
2.8.5 Adequate Moisture Supply.................................................................63
2.8.6 Adoption of Conservation/Minimum Tillage....................................64
2.8.7 Use of Appropriate Source, Method, Rate, and Timing of
N Application.....................................................................................64
2.8.8 Use of Efficient Species/Genotypes...................................................73
2.8.9 Slow-Release Fertilizers....................................................................74
2.8.10 Use of Nitrification Inhibitor.............................................................74
2.8.11 Control of Diseases, Insects, and Weeds...........................................76
2.8.12 Conclusions........................................................................................76
References................................................................................................................77
Chapter 3 Phosphorus.........................................................................................91
3.1 Introduction...................................................................................................91
3.2 Phosphate Fertilizer-Related Terminology..................................................92
3.3 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.........................................................................94
3.4 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms............................................................97
3.5 Definitions and Estimation of P Use Efficiency in Crop Plants..................100
3.6 Concentration in Plant Tissue.....................................................................100
3.7 Uptake and P Harvest Index.......................................................................103
3.8 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................104
3.9 Phosphorus versus Environment.................................................................105
3.10 Management Practices to Maximize P Use Efficiency...............................107
3.10.1 Liming Acid Soils...........................................................................107
3.10.2 Use of Appropriate Source, Timing, Method, and Rate of
P Fertilization.................................................................................109
3.10.3 Use of Balanced Nutrition..............................................................113
3.10.4 Use of P Efficient Crop Species or Genotypes within Species.......114
3.10.5 Supply of Adequate Moisture.........................................................119
3.10.6 Improving Organic Matter Content of the Soil..............................120
3.10.7 Improving Activities of Beneficial Microorganisms in the
Rhizosphere....................................................................................120
3.10.8 Control of Soil Erosion...................................................................121
3.10.9 Control of Diseases, Insects, and Weeds........................................122
3.11 Conclusions.................................................................................................122
References..............................................................................................................123
Chapter 4 Potassium..........................................................................................131
4.1 Introduction.................................................................................................131
4.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................132
4.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................135
4.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................137
4.5 Grain Harvest Index and K Harvest Index.................................................140
4.6 Use Efficiency.............................................................................................142
Contents vii
4.7 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................143
4.8 Management Practices to Maximize K Use Efficiency..............................145
4.8.1 Liming Acid Soils............................................................................145
4.8.2 Appropriate Source..........................................................................147
4.8.3 Adequate Rate of Application..........................................................147
4.8.4 Appropriate Time of Application.....................................................149
4.8.5 Appropriate Method of Application.................................................151
4.8.6 Use of Efficient Crop Species/Cultivars..........................................152
4.8.7 Incorporation of Crop Residues.......................................................154
4.8.8 Adequate Moisture Supply...............................................................156
4.8.9 Use of Farmyard Manures...............................................................157
4.8.10 Optimum K Saturation in Soil Solution...........................................157
4.9 Conclusions.................................................................................................157
References..............................................................................................................159
Chapter 5 Calcium............................................................................................165
5.1 Introduction.................................................................................................165
5.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................167
5.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................168
5.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................169
5.5 Use Efficiency and Ca Harvest Index.........................................................171
5.6 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................173
5.7 Management Practices to Maximize Ca2+ Use Efficiency..........................175
5.7.1 Liming Acid Soils............................................................................175
5.7.2 Application of Optimum Rate..........................................................176
5.7.3 Use of Appropriate Source...............................................................182
5.7.4 Appropriate Ca/Mg and Ca/K Ratios..............................................184
5.7.5 Use of Efficient Crop Species/Cultivars..........................................186
5.8 Conclusions.................................................................................................190
References..............................................................................................................192
Chapter 6 Magnesium.......................................................................................197
6.1 Introduction.................................................................................................197
6.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................197
6.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................199
6.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................200
6.5 Use Efficiency and Mg:+ Harvest Index......................................................203
6.6 Interactions with Other Nutrients...............................................................205
6.7 Management Practices to Maximize Mg2+ Use Efficiency.........................206
6.7.1 Liming Acid Soils............................................................................206
6.7.2 Appropriate Source, Rate, and Methods of Application..................209
6.7.3 Other Management Practices...........................................................211
6.8. Conclusions.....................................................................................................211
References..............................................................................................................211
viii The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants
Chapter 7 Sulfur................................................................................................215
7.1 Introduction.................................................................................................215
7.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................216
7.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................220
7.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................222
7.5 Use Efficiency and S Harvest Index............................................................225
7.6 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................226
7.7 Management Practices to Maximize S Use Efficiency...............................227
7.7.1 Liming Acid Soils............................................................................227
7.7.2 Use of Appropriate Source, Rate, Method, and Timing of
Application.......................................................................................228
7.7.3 Soil Test for Making S Recommendations......................................231
7.7.4 Recommendations Based on Crop Removal, Tissue Critical
S Concentration, and Crop Responses.............................................232
7.7.5 Other Management Practices...........................................................233
7.8 Conclusions.................................................................................................234
References..............................................................................................................235
Chapter 8 Zinc...................................................................................................241
8.1 Introduction.................................................................................................241
8.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................247
8.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................250
8.4 Concentration in Plant Tissues and Uptake................................................252
8.5 Use Efficiency and Zn Harvest Index.........................................................258
8.6 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................260
8.7 Management Practices to Maximize Zn Use Efficiency.............................264
8.7.1 Appropriate Source, Method, and Rate of Application...................264
8.7.2 Soil Test as a Criterion for Recommendations................................266
8.7.3 Use of Efficient Crop Species/Genotypes........................................267
8.7.4 Symbiosis with Mycorrhizae and Other Microflora........................269
8.7.5 Other Management Practices...........................................................270
8.8 Conclusions.................................................................................................270
References..............................................................................................................271
Chapter 9 Copper..............................................................................................279
9.1 Introduction.................................................................................................279
9.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................282
9.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................284
9.4 Concentration in Plant Tissues and Uptake................................................286
9.5 Use Efficiency and Cu Harvest Index.........................................................289
9.6 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................291
9.7 Management Practices to Maximize Cu Use Efficiency............................291
9.7.1 Appropriate Method and Source......................................................292
9.7.2 Adequate Rate..................................................................................292
9.7.3 Use of Efficient Crop Species/Genotypes........................................294
Contents ix
9.8 Conclusions.................................................................................................296
References..............................................................................................................297
Chapter 10 Iron...................................................................................................301
10.1 Introduction.................................................................................................301
10.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................305
10.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................307
10.4 IronToxicity................................................................................................308
10.4.1 Management Practices to Ameliorate Fe Toxicity...........................309
10.5 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................312
10.6 Use Efficiency and Fe Harvest Index..........................................................317
10.7 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................318
10.8 Management Practices to Maximize Fe Use Efficiency...............................320
10.8.1 Source, Method, and Rate of Application......................................320
10.8.2 Soil Test to Identify Critical Fe Level............................................321
10.8.3 Use of Efficient Crop Species/Genotypes.......................................322
10.9 Breeding for Fe Efficiency..........................................................................323
10.10 Conclusions.................................................................................................324
References..............................................................................................................325
Chapter 11 Manganese........................................................................................333
11.1 Introduction.................................................................................................333
11.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................335
11.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................338
11.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................339
11.5 Use Efficiency and Mn Harvest Index........................................................342
11.6 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................342
11.7 Management Practices to Maximize Mn Use Efficiency...........................345
11.7.1 Use of Adequate Rate, Appropriate Source, and Methods.............345
11.7.2 Use of Acidic Fertilizers in the Band and Neutral Salts.................347
11.7.3 Use of Soil Test...............................................................................347
11.7.4 Use of Efficient Crop Species/Genotypes.......................................349
11.8 Conclusions.................................................................................................351
References..............................................................................................................352
Chapter 12 Boron................................................................................................359
12.1 Introduction.................................................................................................359
12.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................361
12.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................363
12.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................365
12.5 Use Efficiency and B Harvest Index...........................................................368
12.6 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................369
x The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants
12.7 Management Practices to Maximize B Use Efficiency..............................370
12.7.1 Appropriate Source, Methods, and Adequate Rate........................370
12.7.2 Use of Soil Test...............................................................................373
12.7.3 Use of Efficient Crop Species/Genotypes.......................................374
12.8 Conclusions.................................................................................................375
References..............................................................................................................376
Chapter 13 Molybdenum.....................................................................................381
13.1 Introduction.................................................................................................381
13.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................381
13.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................382
13.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................383
13.5 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................384
13.6 Management Practices to Maximize Mo Use Efficiency............................385
13.6.1 Liming Acid Soils...........................................................................385
13.6.2 Use of Appropriate Source, Method, and Rate of Application.......385
13.6.3 Soil Test..........................................................................................386
13.6.4 Use of Efficient Crop Species/Genotypes.......................................387
13.7 Conclusions.................................................................................................387
References..............................................................................................................388
Chapter 14 Chlorine............................................................................................393
14.1 Introduction.................................................................................................393
14.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................394
14.3 Functions and Deficiency Symptoms..........................................................395
14.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................396
14.5 Interaction with Other Nutrients.................................................................398
14.6 Management Practices to Maximize Cl Use Efficiency.............................398
14.6.1 Use of Appropriate Source and Rate..............................................398
14.6.2 Soil Test..........................................................................................399
14.6.3 Planting Cl-Efficient/Tolerant Plant Species/Genotypes................400
14.7 Conclusions.................................................................................................401
References..............................................................................................................401
Chapter 15 Nickel...............................................................................................405
15.1 Introduction.................................................................................................405
15.2 Cycle in Soil-Plant Systems.......................................................................406
15.3 Functions and Deficiency/Toxicity Symptoms............................................407
15.4 Concentration and Uptake...........................................................................408
15.5 Interactions with Other Nutrients...............................................................410
15.6 Management Practices to Maximize Ni Use Efficiency and Reduce
Toxicity........................................................................................................410
15.6.1 Appropriate Source and Rate.........................................................411
15.6.2 Liming Acid Soils...........................................................................411
Contents xi
15.6.3 Improving Organic Matter Content of Soils...................................412
15.6.4 Planting Tolerant Plant Species......................................................413
15.6.5 Use of Adequate Rate of Fertilizers...............................................413
15.6.6 Use of Rhizobacterium...................................................................414
15.7 Conclusions.................................................................................................414
References..............................................................................................................415
Index......................................................................................................................419
|
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author | Fageria, N. K. 1942- |
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dewey-raw | 631.8/11 |
dewey-search | 631.8/11 |
dewey-sort | 3631.8 211 |
dewey-tens | 630 - Agriculture and related technologies |
discipline | Agrarwissenschaft Agrar-/Forst-/Ernährungs-/Haushaltswissenschaft / Gartenbau Pflanzenbau |
format | Book |
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Based on the author's more than forty years of experience, The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants builds a bridge between theoretical aspects of mineral nutrition and practical applicability of basic principles of fertilization and use efficiency of essential plant nutrients. The book explores how to maximize essential nutrients uptake and use efficiency by food crops and how to improve productivity without degrading the environment. It covers nutrients and their cycle in soil-plant systems, functions, and deficiency symptoms. The author includes management strategies that can lead to a reduction in the cost of crop production and environmental degradation. He emphasizes field conditions, crop production, and soil chemistry. Comprehensive coverage of essential nutrients and experimental results are accompanied by tables and figures of updated experimental data that make practical information easily accessible. Agricultural science is very dynamic in nature and fertilizer practices change with time due to the release of new cultivars and changing production practices in sustainable crop production systems. The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants provides in-depth scientific information that is applicable through many methods of crop production. 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id | DE-604.BV035843986 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:05:56Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9781420075106 1420075101 |
language | English |
lccn | 2008025445 |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018702226 |
oclc_num | 181142705 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM |
owner_facet | DE-M49 DE-BY-TUM |
physical | XV, 430 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm |
publishDate | 2009 |
publishDateSearch | 2009 |
publishDateSort | 2009 |
publisher | CRC Press |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Fageria, N. K. 1942- Verfasser (DE-588)138905045 aut The use of nutrients in crop plants N.K. Fageria Boca Raton, Fla. [u.a.] CRC Press 2009 XV, 430 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 24 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index "Scarcity of natural resources, higher costs, higher demand, and concerns about environmental pollution - under these circumstances, improving food supply worldwide with adequate quantity and quality is fundamental. Based on the author's more than forty years of experience, The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants builds a bridge between theoretical aspects of mineral nutrition and practical applicability of basic principles of fertilization and use efficiency of essential plant nutrients. The book explores how to maximize essential nutrients uptake and use efficiency by food crops and how to improve productivity without degrading the environment. It covers nutrients and their cycle in soil-plant systems, functions, and deficiency symptoms. The author includes management strategies that can lead to a reduction in the cost of crop production and environmental degradation. He emphasizes field conditions, crop production, and soil chemistry. Comprehensive coverage of essential nutrients and experimental results are accompanied by tables and figures of updated experimental data that make practical information easily accessible. Agricultural science is very dynamic in nature and fertilizer practices change with time due to the release of new cultivars and changing production practices in sustainable crop production systems. The Use of Nutrients in Crop Plants provides in-depth scientific information that is applicable through many methods of crop production. It is a valuable tool for improving crop yields at lower cost and less stress on the environment." -- Publisher's description. Field crops Nutrition Crops Effect of minerals on Fertilizers Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 gnd rswk-swf Feldfrucht (DE-588)4123194-6 gnd rswk-swf Nährstoffversorgung (DE-588)4240278-5 gnd rswk-swf Feldfrucht (DE-588)4123194-6 s Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 s DE-604 Nährstoffversorgung (DE-588)4240278-5 s b DE-604 http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0821/2008025445.html Table of contents only HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018702226&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Fageria, N. K. 1942- The use of nutrients in crop plants Field crops Nutrition Crops Effect of minerals on Fertilizers Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 gnd Feldfrucht (DE-588)4123194-6 gnd Nährstoffversorgung (DE-588)4240278-5 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4133962-9 (DE-588)4123194-6 (DE-588)4240278-5 |
title | The use of nutrients in crop plants |
title_auth | The use of nutrients in crop plants |
title_exact_search | The use of nutrients in crop plants |
title_full | The use of nutrients in crop plants N.K. Fageria |
title_fullStr | The use of nutrients in crop plants N.K. Fageria |
title_full_unstemmed | The use of nutrients in crop plants N.K. Fageria |
title_short | The use of nutrients in crop plants |
title_sort | the use of nutrients in crop plants |
topic | Field crops Nutrition Crops Effect of minerals on Fertilizers Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 gnd Feldfrucht (DE-588)4123194-6 gnd Nährstoffversorgung (DE-588)4240278-5 gnd |
topic_facet | Field crops Nutrition Crops Effect of minerals on Fertilizers Pflanzenernährung Feldfrucht Nährstoffversorgung |
url | http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/ecip0821/2008025445.html http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018702226&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT fageriank theuseofnutrientsincropplants |