The geology of stratigraphic sequences:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin ; Heidelberg
Springer
2010
|
| Ausgabe: | Second edition |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 522 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten, Diagramme |
| ISBN: | 9783642050268 9783642423062 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Titel: The geology of stratigraphic sequences
Autor: Miall, Andrew D.
Jahr: 2010
Contents
Part I The Emergence of Modern Concepts. 1
1 Historical and Methodological Background. 3
1.1 Introduction. 3
1.2 Methods in Geology. 4
1.2.1 The Significance of Sequence Stratigraphy. 6
1.2.2 Data and Argument in Geology. 7
1.2.3 The Hermeneutic Circle and the Emergence of Sequence
Stratigraphy. 9
1.2.4 Paradigms and Exemplars. 11
1.3 The Development of Descriptive Stratigraphy. 13
1.3.1 The Growth of Modern Concepts. 13
1.3.2 Do Stratigraphic Units Have "Time" Significance?. 16
1.3.3 The Development of Modern Chronostratigraphy. 21
1.4 The Continual Search for a "Pulse of the Earth". 26
1.5 Problems and Research Trends: The Current Status. 38
1.6 Current Literature. 41
1.7 Stratigraphic Terminology . 43
2 The Basic Sequence Model. 47
2.1 Introduction. 47
2.2 Elements of the Model. 48
2.2.1 Accommodation and Supply. 49
2.2.2 Stratigraphic Architecture. 50
2.2.3 Depositional Systems and Systems Tracts. 55
2.3 Sequence Models in Clastic and Carbonate Settings. 57
2.3.1 Marine Clastic Depositional Systems and Systems Tracts . 57
2.3.2 Nonmarine Depositional Systems. 64
2.3.3 Carbonate Depositional Systems. 68
2.4 Sequence Definitions. 73
3 Other Methods for the Stratigraphic Analysis of Cycles
of Base-Level Change. 77
3.1 Introduction. 77
3.2 Facies Cycles. 77
3.3 Areas and Volumes of Stratigraphic Units. 80
3.4 Hypsometric Curves. 81
Contents
3.5 Backstripping. 83
3.6 Sea-Level Estimation from Paleoshorelines and Other
Fixed Points. 90
3.7 Documentation of Metre-Scale Cycles. 93
3.8 Integrated Tectonic-Stratigraphic Analysis. 97
Part II The Stratigraphic Framework. 101
4 The Major Types of Stratigraphic Cycle . 103
4.1 Introduction. 103
4.2 Sequence Hierarchy. 103
4.3 The Supercontinent Cycle. 112
4.4 Cycles with Episodicities of Tens of Millions of Years. 113
4.5 Cycles with Million-Year Episodicities. 114
4.6 Cycles with Episodicities of Less Than One Million Years . 117
5 Cycles with Episodicities of Tens to Hundreds of Millions
of Years. 119
5.1 Climate, Sedimentation and Biogenesis . 119
5.2 The Supercontinent Cycle. 121
5.2.1 The Tectonic-Stratigraphic Model . 121
5.2.2 The Phanerozoic Record. 123
5.3 Cycles with Episodicities of Tens of Millions of years. 125
5.3.1 Regional to Intercontinental Correlations. 125
5.3.2 Tectonostratigraphic Sequences. 133
5.4 Main Conclusions. 142
6 Cycles with Million-Year Episodicities. 143
6.1 Continental Margins. 143
6.1.1 Clastic Platforms and Margins. 143
6.1.2 Carbonate Cycles of Platforms and Craton Margins. 148
6.1.3 Mixed Carbonate-Clastic Successions. 153
6.2 Foreland Basins. 160
6.2.1 Foreland Basin of the North American Western Interior. 160
6.2.2 Other Foreland Basins. 164
6.3 Arc-Related Basins. 167
6.3.1 Forearc Basins. 167
6.3.2 Backarc Basins. 173
6.4 Cyclothems and Mesothems . 173
6.5 Conclusions. 178
7 Cycles with Episodicities of Less than One Million Years. 179
7.1 Introduction. 179
7.2 Neogene Clastic Cycles of Continental Margins. 180
7.2.1 The Gulf Coast Basin of the United States. 180
7.2.2 Wanganui Basin, North Island, New Zealand. 188
7.2.3 Other Examples of Neogene High-Frequency Cycles . 199
7.2.4 The Deep-Marine Record. 202
7.3 Pre-neogene Marine Carbonate and Clastic Cycles. 206
7.4 Late Paleozoic Cyclothems. 209
Contents
7.5 Lacustrine Clastic and Chemical Rhythms. 217
7.6 High-Frequency Cycles in Foreland Basins. 223
7.7 Main Conclusions. 235
Part III Mechanisms. 237
8 Summary of Sequence-Generating Mechanisms. 239
9 Long-Term Eustasy and Epeirogeny. 245
9.1 Mantle Processes and Dynamic Topography. 245
9.2 Supercontinent Cycles . 246
9.3 Cycles with Episodicities of Tens of Millions of Years. 248
9.3.1 Eustasy. 248
9.3.2 Dynamic Topography and Epeirogeny. 255
9.3.3 The Origin of Sloss Sequences. 259
9.4 Main Conclusions. 259
10 Tectonic Mechanisms. 261
10.1 Introduction. 261
10.2 Rifting and Thermal Evolution of Divergent Plate Margins . . . 265
10.2.1 Basic Geophysical Models and Their Implications for
Sea-Level Change. 265
10.2.2 The Origins of Some Tectonostratigraphic Sequences. 271
10.3 Tectonism on Convergent Plate Margins and in Collision Zones . 278
10.3.1 Magmatic Arcs and Subduction. 278
10.3.2 Rates of Uplift and Subsidence on Convergent Margins. 280
10.3.3 Tectonism Versus Eustasy in Foreland Basins. 282
10.4 Intraplate Stress. 308
10.4.1 The Pattern of Global Stress . 308
10.4.2 In-Plane Stress as a Control of Sequence Architecture. 311
10.4.3 In-Plane Stress and Regional Histories of Sea-Level Change . . 314
10.5 Basement Control. 318
10.6 Sediment Supply and the Importance of Big Rivers. 320
10.7 Environmental Change. 325
10.8 Main Conclusions. 325
11 Orbital Forcing. 327
11.1 Introduction. 327
11.2 The Nature of Milankovitch Processes. 328
11.2.1 Components of Orbital Forcing. 328
11.2.2 Basic Climatology. 330
11.2.3 Variations with Time in Orbital Periodicities. 332
11.2.4 Isostasy and Geoid Changes . 333
11.2.5 Nonglacial Milankovitch Cyclicity. 334
11.2.6 The Nature of the Cyclostratigraphic DataBase. 338
11.3 The Geologic Record. 339
11.3.1 The Sensitivity of the Earth to Glaciation. 339
11.3.2 The Cenozoic Record. 341
11.3.3 Glacioeustasy in the Mesozoic?. 343
11.3.4 Late Paleozoic Cyclothems. 346
Contents
11.4 Distinguishing Between Orbital Forcing and Tectonic
Driving Mechanisms. 349
11.5 Main Conclusions. 352
Part IV Chronostratigraphy and Correlation: An Assessment
of the Current Status of "Global Eustasy". 355
12 The Concept of the Global Cycle Chart. 357
12.1 From Vail to Haq. 357
12.2 The Two-Paradigm Problem . 363
12.2.1 The Global-Eustasy Paradigm . 363
12.2.2 The Complexity Paradigm . 364
12.3 Defining and Deconstructing Global Eustasy and
Complexity Texts. 364
12.4 Invisible Colleges and the Advancement of Knowledge. 368
12.5 The Global-Eustasy Paradigm?A Revolution in Trouble? . . . 373
12.6 Conclusions. 377
13 Time in Sequence Stratigraphy . 381
13.1 Introduction. 381
13.2 Hierarchies of Time and the Completeness of the
Stratigraphic Record . 381
13.3 Main Conclusions. 389
14 Chronostratigraphy, Correlation, and Modern Tests
for Global Eustasy. 391
14.1 Introduction. 391
14.2 Chronostratigraphic Models
and the Testing of Correlations. 392
14.3 Chronostratigraphic Meaning of Unconformities. 396
14.4 A Correlation Experiment. 400
14.5 Testing for Eustasy: The Way Forward. 402
14.5.1 Introduction. 402
14.5.2 The Dating and Correlation of Stratigraphic Events:
Potential Sources of Uncertainty. 403
14.5.3 The Value of Quantitative Biostratigraphic Methods. 410
14.5.4 Assessment of Relative Biostratigraphic Precision. 413
14.5.5 Correlation of Biozones with the Global Stage Framework . . . 415
14.5.6 Assignment of Absolute Ages and the Importance of the
Modem Time Scale. 418
14.6 Modern Tests of the Global-Eustasy Paradigm. 425
14.6.1 Cretaceous-Paleogene Sequence Stratigraphy of New Jersey . . 426
14.6.2 Other Modern High-Resolution Studies of
Cretaceous-Paleogene Sequence Stratigraphy. 433
14.6.3 Sequence Stratigraphy of the Neogene. 435
14.6.4 The Growing Evidence for Glacioeustasy in the
Mesozoic and Early Cenozoic . 438
14.7 Cyclostratigraphy and Astrochronology . 441
14.7.1 Historical Background of Cyclostratigraphy. 441
14.7.2 The Building of a Time Scale. 443
Contents
14.8 Testing Conelations with Carbon Isotope Chemostratigraphy . . 453
14.9 Main Conclusions. 458
IS Future Directions. 461
15.1 Research Methods. 461
15.2 Remaining Questions. 463
15.2.1 Future Advances in Cyclostratigraphy?. 463
15.2.2 Tectonic Mechanisms of Sequence Generation. 464
15.2.3 Orbital Forcing. 464
15.2.4 The Codification of Sequence Nomenclature. 464
References. 467
Author Index. 503
Subject Index. 513 |
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| spelling | Miall, Andrew D. 1944- Verfasser (DE-588)120310562 aut The geology of stratigraphic sequences Andrew D. Miall Second edition Berlin ; Heidelberg Springer 2010 XVII, 522 Seiten Illustrationen, Karten, Diagramme txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Geology, Stratigraphic Sequenzstratigraphie (DE-588)4415907-9 gnd rswk-swf Sequenzstratigraphie (DE-588)4415907-9 s DE-604 Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-3-642-05027-5 text/html http://deposit.dnb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3353145&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm Inhaltstext HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018682703&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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| title | The geology of stratigraphic sequences |
| title_auth | The geology of stratigraphic sequences |
| title_exact_search | The geology of stratigraphic sequences |
| title_full | The geology of stratigraphic sequences Andrew D. Miall |
| title_fullStr | The geology of stratigraphic sequences Andrew D. Miall |
| title_full_unstemmed | The geology of stratigraphic sequences Andrew D. Miall |
| title_short | The geology of stratigraphic sequences |
| title_sort | the geology of stratigraphic sequences |
| topic | Geology, Stratigraphic Sequenzstratigraphie (DE-588)4415907-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geology, Stratigraphic Sequenzstratigraphie |
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