Tahańcza Poniatowskich: z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku
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| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Polish |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Kraków
Polska Akademia Umiejętności
2009
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl., franz., russ. u. ukrain. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 416 s., [4] k. tabl. złoż. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill. 25 cm. |
| ISBN: | 9788376760001 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Tahańcza Poniatowskich |b z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku |c Elżbieta Orman ; Polska Akademia Umiejętności, Fundacja Lanckorońskich |
| 264 | 1 | |a Kraków |b Polska Akademia Umiejętności |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a 416 s., [4] k. tabl. złoż. |b il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill. |c 25 cm. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
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| 500 | |a Zsfassung in engl., franz., russ. u. ukrain. Sprache | ||
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Buturlin family |x History |
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Poniatowski family |x History |
| 600 | 1 | 4 | |a Poniatowski family |x Homes and haunts |z Ukraine |
| 648 | 4 | |a Geschichte 1800-1900 | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1800-1900 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nobility |z Ukraine |x History |y 19th century | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804140772462690304 |
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| adam_text | SPIS TREŚCI
WSTĘP
.......................................................... 7
Rozdział I. WOKÓŁ GENEALOGII
POMATO
WSKICH
.......·.......... 25
Linia książęca
.................................................. 25
Poniatowscy na Kresach
.......................................... 27
Linia „ukraińskich Poniatowskich
.................................. 29
Ignacy Poniatowski
-
awanse w czasach króla Stanisława Augusta
........ 34
Generałowa Anna z Małachowskich Poniatowska
...................... 38
Teresa,
Tekla i
Jan Nepomucen Poniatowscy na Wołyniu
................ 41
Rozdział
П.
PUŁKOWNIK JÓZEF PONIATOWSKI W DOBIE ROZBIORÓW
49
Pułkownik Poniatowski
atamanem
kozackim?
........................ 52
Ślub
.......................................................... 55
Udana transakcja pułkownika Poniatowskiego, czyli kupno klucza
tahanieckiego na Kijowszczyźnie
................................ 59
Rozdział III. POWSTANIE FORTUNY TAHANIECKIEJ
................. 65
Majątki pułkownika Poniatowskiego na Ukrainie
...................... 67
Fabryka sukienna w Tahańczy
..................................... 75
Odkup
........................................................ 82
Pułkownik Poniatowski na kontraktach w Kijowie
..................... 84
Lata trzydzieste, lata czterdzieste
................................... 99
Rozdział
IV.
PUŁKOWNIKA JÓZEFA PONIATOWSKIEGO ŻYCIE
CODZIENNE W TAHAŃCZY
.................................... 113
Domownicy. Wychowanie i edukacja dzieci
.......................... 116
W tahanieckim dworze
........................................... 135
Życie codzienne pułkownika Poniatowskiego
......................... 140
Niejawne istnienie tahanieckiego dworu
............................. 148
U kresu drogi
.................................................. 164
416
SPIS TREŚCI
Rozdział
V.
DYLEMATY DRUGIEGO POKOLENIA PONIATOWSKICH
... 175
Życie publiczne marszałków powiatowych szlachty kijowskiej
i szambelanów Jego Cesarskiej Mości
............................ 178
Od katolicyzmu do ultramontanizmu i o paradoksach polskości w guberni
kijowskiej
................................................... 188
Emigracja Dariusza i Dionizji Poniatowskich
......................... 201
Rozdział
VI.
TAHAŃCZA AUGUSTA PONIATOWSKIEGO
.............. 211
Cukromania
................................................... 216
Zapomniane chłopskie powstanie. Wiosna
1855
roku w Tahańczy
i na Ukrainie
................................................ 220
Reforma włościańskalSól roku
................................... 236
Powstanie styczniowe w Tahańczy i na Kijowszczyźnie
................. 245
Nieudana próba sprzedania Tahańczy
............................... 255
Rozdział
VII.
INNE CZASY, INNI LUDZIE
-
BUTURLINOWIE
WTAHAŃCZY
................................................ 269
Aurora Buturlin
................................................ 270
Prywatna kaplica
Aurory
Buturlin
.................................. 274
Dymitr Buturlin
................................................ 280
Piotr Buturlin
-
poeta z Tahańczy
.................................. 299
Ostatnie lata Buturlinów w Tahańczy
............................... 313
Rozdział
VIII.
EPILOG
-
ODNALEZIONE ŚLADY
..................... 321
BIBLIOGRAFIA
.................................................. 335
РЕЗЮМЕ
........................................................ 353
РЕЗЮМЕ........................................................
361
RESUME
........................................................
371
SUMMARY
...................................................... 379
INDEKS OSÓB
...................................................
387
SPIS RYCIN
..................................................... 409
SPIS WKLEJEK
................................................
414
SUMMARY
The monograph entitled
„Tahańcza
-
an estate owned by the Poniatowskis. From
the history of nobility in Ukraine in the 19th century is based on my first biographi¬
cal note written for the Polish Biographical Dictionary and devoted to Colonel
Józef
Poniatowski
(1762-1845),
a little known namesake and peer of Prince
Józef
Ponia-
towski. He never played a leading role in any historical or political event in the his¬
tory of Poland. The family and estate archives of Poniatowskis of
Tahańcza
were not
preserved and the archives of the Buturlins, a Russian family related to the Ponia¬
towskis, remain uncatalogued and inaccessible to the researchers. So why, despite
so many counterarguments, has a colonel from
Tahańcza
become the central figure
of the present dissertation?
A strong incentive to write this book was the fact that Polish historiography had
not shown interest in the first signs of industrialization and the role of gentry in the
development of the Kiev region, Volhynia and Podolia, that is south-western prov¬
inces of Russia, in the first half of the 19th century. A pioneer role and dynamic in¬
dustrial activity of „a sober enthusiast Colonel Poniatowski in the field of cloth in¬
dustry and sugar industry weaken the stereotype
oí
sarmata1, a
nobleman living in
economical and industrial standstill.
Starting with a biographical note, doing a sort of microhistorical research, by an¬
alysing the past through the history of one family and one estate, I was able not only
to present a portrait of one of the last colonels of independent Poland but also to de¬
scribe the history of two noble families: the Polish one
-
the Poniatowskis, and the
Russian one
-
the Buturlins. Both the families lived in the 19th century in
Tahańcza,
situated between
Bohusław, Korsuń
and
Kaniów,
close to Human and
Biała Cerkiew,
in the borderlands of Poland of those days. This historical „zoom helps understand
1
Translator s note: sarmatism
-
dominant lifestyle, culture and ideology of Polish nobility from the
17th till the 18th century.
380
SUMMARY
motivations of rich nobility, their readiness to compromise in the changeable politi¬
cal, economical, social and national situation in the Kiev province in the 19th centu¬
ry and their dilemmas over patriotic and civic duties, religious choices, such as the
Buturlins conversion from the Orthodox faith to Catholicism and the Poniatowskis
proselytism.
The research required a thorough investigation and analysis based on documents
and correspondence scattered throughout archives in Poland, Ukraine and Italy as
well as preliminary archival research of interdisciplinary character. This, however,
allowed me to show in a different light
-
on the plane of historical detail
-
mutual re¬
lations between the state of Russia in the 19th century and both rich Polish nobility
and Russians Catholics.
***
Since the l%th century the name of Poniatowski has been usually associated with
the last king of independent Poland and his nephew, Prince
Józef
Poniatowski, which
brings about a question of how the „Ukrainian Poniatowskis are related to the „Roy¬
al Poniatowskis bearing
Ciołek
[Calf] coat of arms. The former and the latter, apart
form their common name and coat of arms, came from a moderately rich gentry
form
Poniatowa
in the region of Lublin, yet in their genealogy they twisted the facts
and falsely claimed their relation to the Italian family of
Torelli.
Entering in the 18th
century aristocratic elites they did not want to reveal rather humble origins of their
family. From time to time, the „Ukrainian Poniatowskis evoked their blood rela¬
tions with the king, emphasising the fact that they belonged to „the older line. A
definite statement about the blood relations between the both families of Poniatow¬
skis will be possible only after a thorough research into King
Stanisław
August s ge¬
nealogy reaching the 16th century.
In the reign of
Stanisław
August, Colonel
Józef
Poniatowski s father,
Ignacy
Po¬
niatowski, was promoted to the rank of general of the Polish army and in the hierar¬
chy of state official he rose to the position of
chorąży2
of Lublin Voivodeship3. From
a moderately rich country gentleman from
Poniatowa
he changed into an owner of
large estates in Volhynia. His son
Józef
belonged to the generation of Poles for whom
the collapse of the Polish state was a turning point in their lives. Similarly to his fa¬
ther,
Józef
chose a military career in the Polish cavalry. During the Polish-Russian
war in
1792
he was promoted to the rank of colonel. He proved an excellent com¬
mander of „faithful Cossacks in the battle of
Zieleńce
and together with
Tadeusz
Kościuszko
and Prince
Józef
Poniatowski was awarded the Gold Cross of the Order
of
Virtuti
Militari.
After the third partition of Poland he did not emigrate but he did
not decide to choose a military career in the Russian army either.
2
Translator s note: a state official who was entrusted with the national, court or land ensign.
3
Translator s note: voivodeship
-
an administrative unit in Poland, a province.
SUMMARY
381
In
1798
he agreed a good deal with Prince
Stanisław Poniatowski:
he purchased
Tahańcza
together with a group of villages in Kiev province. Unexpectedly, he
changed from a soldier into an excellent administrator, manufacturer and pioneer of
industry in Ukraine. He took quite a good risk and engaged himself in trade, financ¬
es and industry, which made him one of the richest noblemen in Kiev province. In
Tahańcza
he built a manor house for his large family (he had
14
children), a Catholic
chapel, and in
1805
a cloth factory, which within a period of twenty years he trans¬
formed into a modern factory based on the best European industrial plants. It be¬
longed to the most modern factories in the Russian Empire and its production figures
were higher than the ones of the well-known factory of „fibre, cloth and linen locat¬
ed in
Sławuta
in Volhynia and owned by Princes Sanguszkos (in
1843
the manufac¬
ture in
Tahańcza
produced cloth worth
280,000
silver roubles, whereas cloth manu¬
factured in
Sławuty
was worth only
160,000
sliver roubles).
Poniatowski, an ex-colonel of Polish army, did not limit himself to one industrial
plant. Far from being superstitious in following common beliefs of nobility, he went
into trade, industry and finances succeeding in many enterprises and projects, which
earlier had been considered unworthy of a gentleman. In the 1820s he was among
the first to buy a threshing machine and in
1840
he was the first in Kiev province
to import a steam engine from England. In those days the factory in
Tahańcza
em¬
ployed over
700
workers. He was also a pioneer of the sugar industry and in
1824
he
built in Troszczyn a sugar factory, the first one in Ukraine (it was two years before
the first sugar factory in the Kingdom of Poland was set up by
Henryk Łubieński
in
Częstocice).
In
1838,
at the age of
76,
he built a saffian factory, the only one in
Ukraine.
Poniatowski, devoted to his projects, tried to raise the level of management in his
estates and improve his factories by employing master craftsmen from Germany and
Great Britain as well as by purchasing newest industrial machines; thus he contrib¬
uted to the industrial development in Kiev province. For almost fifty years of his ad¬
ministration in the
pomar
of
Kaniów
he transformed the village of
Tahańcza,
com¬
pletely unknown in the beginning of the 19th century, into a small industrial town,
and the cloth manufactured in his factory was purchased not only in Ukraine but in
whole Russia. He owed his success to his diligence, industry, determination and, ac¬
cording to
Stanisław Starzyński,
to his „speculative head .
Michał Cząjkowski,
not
without admiration, considered Poniatowski a rich man
„trzymającego na odkupie
całą gubernię kijowską
[„keeping the whole Kiev province in repurchase
-
trans¬
lator s note]5. Beside the Branickis of
Biała Cerkiew
and the
Łopuchins
of
Korsuń,
colonel
Józef
Poniatowski made a third biggest fortune in Kiev province. His daz¬
zling industrial and financial career let him enter the circles of „money aristocracy .
4
Translator s note: second level of local administration unit in Poland.
5
M.
Cząjkowski, Pamiętniki Sadyka Paszy, Lwów
1898:192.
Translator s note:
odkup
[repurchase]
was a kind of lease or tax paid to the Russian state for the sale of alcohol in Kiev and neighbouring towns.
382
SUMMARY
This must have been a common perception of his achievements, since
Henryk
Rze¬
wuski
composed a short poem about two Poniatowskis and wrote it down in an al¬
bum of Poniatowski s daughter, Aurora Buturlin:
Poniatowscy, jakież wasze losy głupie!
Jeden siedzi na tronie, drugi na odkupie6
With his creative ideas applied to management and industry he inspired oth¬
er land owners in Kiev province, he supported them and gave advice. His footsteps
were followed by
Zachariasz Hołowiński
and later
Zenon Hołowiński
in
Steblów
and
Wielkie Prucki, Cecylia Radziwiłł
nee Morzkowska in Chabno, and others.
Their activity, similarly to
Józef
Poniatowski s activity, let us correct some definite
judgements about the lack of involvement in industry among the gentry in south¬
western borderlands.
The work on Poniatowski would not be complete without few pictures illustrat¬
ing his everyday life. The manor house in
Tahańcza
was a place of a special atmos¬
phere charged with new capitalistic times, the place where people talked about mon¬
ey, industrial plants and purchase of new machines. Poniatowski, a hard-working
and keen manager, got up everyday at
4.00
or
5.00
o clock in the morning, and after
his morning prayers he met with his administrators and gave them his exact instruc¬
tions. Also, he supervised the management of his lands and factories.
Poniatowski s spectacular successes in the field of industry contributed to the im¬
provement in the standard of living in his land estates. He used to say that „his vil¬
lage together with him, or even more than he, works to earn their daily bread , there¬
fore he was grateful to his subjects and in
1828
he decided to share his financial suc¬
cess and to give each of
5,085
peasants living in his land estates a sum of
20
roubles
in banknotes by virtue of a deed of gift. Although this generous intention was never
realised, yet it was remembered in
Tahańcza
until the 20th century
After his death in
1845
his sons inherited an immense fortune worth over
2
mil¬
lion silver roubles. Besides a well prospering cloth factory in
Tahańcza
it also in¬
cluded well managed land estates of
Tahańcza, Szenderówka, Pszeniczniki
(upon
the Dnieper River) and Borodianka in Kiev province, hereditary estates in Volhynia
province and land estates in the steppes in
Chersoń
province, two breweries in Kiev,
houses in Odessa and Kiev, shops in
Kaniów
and Odessa, wine factory in Baryszpol.
In his testament Poniatowski wrote with pride that such a vast fortune he owed to his
own work exclusively.
For more than fifty years of his administration and management Colonel Po¬
niatowski changed the character of that part of Kiev province: „Nowhere else in
Ukraine the agriculture combined with factories was in broader agreement, wrote
6
Translator s note: „The Poniatowskis, how foolish are your fortunes! One is sitting on the throne,
the other on repurchase .
SUMMARY
383
his daughter-in-law Dionizja Poniatowska, „and if the industrial-economic move¬
ment is the blood that revives the region,
Tahańcza
has became the main aorta diving
life to many other industries 7. According to statistics published several times in Ki-
jewskij
kalendar
in
1845
Kiev province was much more industrially developed than
Volhynia or Podolia. Published figures show the effects of mechanisation applied by
Colonel Poniatowski and other land owners in Kiev province: the production figures
of
13
cloth factories in Kiev province were higher that those of
155
factories or rath¬
er manufactories in Volhynia and Podolia province taken together. In the same time
there were
20
sugar factories in Kiev province, which was the largest number in all
provinces of the Russian Empire. The facts quoted above prove that Kiev province
should be specially treated in the research into economic and industrial activities in
south-western provinces.
*##
Since many praiseworthy examples of industrial achievements and pioneer activ¬
ity have already been quoted, so why did Colonel Poniatowski and his sons become
forgotten and rarely appeared in 19th century memoirs and few monographs on Kiev
province in the 19th century? Perhaps the oblivion was caused by play-safe political
attitudes, the lack of insurrectionary experience and the trauma of being in exile. Af¬
ter all, they did not die in uprisings, prisons or in Siberia, they died of podagra.
Colonel Poniatowski s sons,
Eugeniusz, Maurycy
Lambert,
Cezary
August and
Dariusz,
grew up in the period of
Russification, decatholisation
and declassing of the
Polish nobility in Kiev province controlled by General-Governor D. Bibikow. The
fear for repressive measures aimed at those who were disloyal to the Russian Em¬
pire cooled the ideas of national insurrections, yet it did not hamper economic ac¬
tivity. The Poniatowskis tried not to participate in pro-independence plots but they
not refrain from helping those who engaged themselves in anti-Russian political ac¬
tivity and risked their property, heath or life. Unlike his father, they did not possess
such exceptional managerial talents, but they continued their father s projects. In
1846
the sugar factory in Potasznia (located close to
Tahańcza)
was completed, and
in
1859
another sugar factory was built in Martynowka. In the latter steam engines
were used. In the early 1850s
Aleksander Połujański
described Kiev province as „the
region of mighty and wealthy people. Undoubtedly, the Poniatowskis brothers be¬
longed to this group. It is proved by a secret memorial of
17
September
1849
written
by General-Governor Bibikow, who listed the Poniatowskis among the
200
richest
land owners in south-western provinces.
The young Poniatowskis must have been somehow archetypal landed gentlemen
from borderlands since they were elected
powiat
marshals. The most politically ac¬
tive was
Maurycy,
who was several times elected marshal of Kiev
powiat.
He be-
7
Ż,
Nekrolog
[Obituary],
„Tygodnik Petersburski ,
1945,
no.
45,
pp.
286-287.
384
SUMMARY
came popular during the procedures of legitimisation helping members of the gentry
prove their noble origin. His younger brother
Cezary,
a friend of
Aleksander Pusz¬
kin,
was a member of the Peasants Committee active in
1858
in Kiev. In
I860
he
was also among the founders of the Agricultural Society, which ultimately was not
legally approved by the Russian authorities, and in
1868
he became a shareholder in
the private Commercial Bank in Kiev. The third among the brothers,
Dariusz,
to¬
gether with his wife Dionizja nee Iwanowska, a muse of poet
Bohdan Zaleski,
dis¬
tinguished himself in his work for charity and support for Polish emigrants. Among
them one might find the family of
Józef
and
Bohdan Zalescy,
who owed him a life¬
long financial support, Adam
Mickiewicz, Ewa Felińska
and her family, and first of
all, priests from the Congregation of Resurrection in Rome.
The Poniatowskis distinguished themselves by their proselytism: they gave vast
sums of money to support the Church, convents in Florence, the
Sacré Coeur
Con¬
gregation in Paris, Rome and Lvov. The oldest of the brothers,
Eugeniusz,
founded a
chapel in the convent of the Cistercians in
Certosa
near Florence, where he spent last
years of his life. After Aurora Buturlin s death, for a long many people in Florence
remembered the philanthropic activity of
„Sainte Comtesse .
Although the Polish
gentry in Kiev province, in Volhynia and Podolia were Catholic, yet the Poniatow¬
skis were close to ultramontanism. According to
Eustachy Iwanowicki,
zealous Ca¬
tholicism did not translate into Polish patriotism.
The youngest of the brothers, August, a colonel in the Russian army, who inher¬
ited
Tahańcza,
engaged himself in the management and modernisation of industrial
plants as well as in the development of sugar industry in Kiev province. In
1853
there
were
70
sugar factories in Kiev province, which was the largest number in the Rus¬
sian Empire. August gave in to cukromania („sugermania ), fashionable in the mid-
IP 1 century in Ukraine. It might be proved by his article entitled: „Prakticzeskija
zamieczanija
o swiekłosacharnej promyszlennosti w
jugo-zapadnych gubiernijach 8
published in
1855
in the periodical „Trudy
Komisii
dla
opisanija gubiernij Kijews-
kogo Uczebnogo
Okruga
(vol.
3),
where he emphasized that sugar industry exerted
positive influence on the development of Kiev province.
August Poniatowski and his brothers had to face a new political and social situ¬
ation as well as the necessity of the abolition of serfdom. In
1855
a peasant insur¬
rection broke out in
Tahańcza.
It spread throughout Kiev province and had a rather
stormy course of events. It was not of anti-Polish character, but manifested the dis¬
satisfaction with the feudal system of serfdom still strong in the Russian Empire.
The present work shows the insurrection against the background of Polish-Russian
relations.
A year later, in the Poniatowskis estate of
Martynówka, in
the family of the di¬
rector of the sugar factory
Seweryn Waryński,
a son was born. He was named
Lud¬
wik
and later he became the founder of the first Polish workers party called „The
Translator s note: „Practical remarks on sugar industry in south-western provinces .
SUMMARY
385
Proletariat . When during the January Uprising another peasant rebellion occurred,
August Poniatowski became disheartened and decided to sell
Tahańcza.
He planned
to move for good to Florence, where his sister Aurora Buturlin lived. In
1865
the
Russian office workers priced the
Tahańcza
estate at half a million silver roubles,
adding that thanks to effective organization and competent management
Tahańcza
belonged to „the best estates in South-Western Country . Yet, an appropriately rich
purchaser was not found and Prince General Major of His Imperial Majesty Court
Anatolij Iwanowicz Bariatyński
had to withdraw his offer, since he did not obtain a
loan earlier promised by the Russian government. Ultimately
Tahańcza
was inherit¬
ed by
Dymitr
Buturlin, August Poniatowski s nephew, who lived in Florence.
The story of the
Butur
ilins, who under the influence of Aurora Poniatowska con¬
verted from the Orthodox Church into Catholicism in the 1820s and 1830s, shows
from the inside the situation of Russian Catholics and their relations with the Rus¬
sian state. The Buturilns, similarly to the Poniatowskis, manifested their proselitism
and generosity towards the Church and convents.
Aurora Buturlin s son,
Dymitr,
a Russian aristocrat, was brought up by his
mother to be a good catholic and to respect Russian culture. After his mother s death
in
1872,
Dymitr
settled down in
Tahańcza.
However, he did not spend much time on
the administration of the estate dividing his time between Florence and his summer
residence in Ukraine. In
1875
he set up the Towaristwo Buturlinskich Sacharnych
Zawodów
[Buturlin Sugar Joint-stock Company], which comprised well prospering
sugar factories in Potasznia and Martynowka. Neither he nor his sons could equal
Colonel Poniatowski as a successful entrepreneur able to accumulate wealth, in¬
crease profits and modernize industrial plants. After Dymitr s sudden death in
1879,
his son
Piotr,
a poet and diplomat became his heir. In the times of
Piotr
Buturlin the
cloth factory in
Tahańcza
was closed (in
1880),
but a two-form school and a library
was open (in
1882).
The young
Burlins
admired the nature of the region and the near¬
by burial mounds, but first of all Russian culture and language, which they eagerly
learnt in the manor house in
Tahańcza.
Here
Piotr
Buturlin wrote his most beauti¬
ful sonnets. After his premature death his wife
Jadwiga
nee Mohrenheim published
Stichotworienija
grafa
Pietra Dmitrijewicza
Buturlìna9 (Kiev
1897).
The poet was
buried
in
Tahańcza,
close to the church built by Colonel Poniatowski. A big wooden
cross marked his grave. Until the times of the October Revolution, the Buturlins, in
agreement with the Poniatowskis will, maintain a priest of the local church.
Towards the end of the 19th century Marian
Łążyński,
a young doctor, arrived at
the sugar factory in
Tahańcza.
Then he noted in his memoirs that it was a quiet vi¬
cinity and the estate owners, the Buturlins, employed a Frenchman as the director
9
Translator s note: „Poems by Count
Piotr
Dmitrewich Buturlin
386
SUMMARY
of the sugar factory (the Frenchman was married to a Russian woman and suffered
from nostalgia, and dreamed about his return to France ) and a polonized
Ruthenian
(married to a Polish woman and belonging the Orthodox Church). However, already
in the early 20th century this idyllic picture showed some flaws. Kiev province, sim¬
ilarly to the whole Russian Empire, had to face the collapse of the world of not only
Polish but also Russian nobility. In
1905
Tahańcza
witnessed not riots and protests
organized by the workers employed in the sugar factory but also a pogrom of Jews.
After the outbreak of the Soviet Revolution in Russia, the Buturlins had to move to
Italy, trying to save the remains of their possessions and family mementoes.
Memories of the Buturlins and of the Poniatiwskis are still vivid among the in¬
habitants of
Tahańcza.
I could feel it conducting a sort of „an inspection of the scene
in order to prepare a historical report. There, in
Tahańcza
I found documents related
to the family of Poniatowskis and an unknown in Poland lithograph showing Colo¬
nel
Józef
Poniatowski as well as photographs depicting the family of Buturlins, the
manor house, the church interior, the cloth factory and the sugar factory.
It is possible that the monograph on
Tahańcza,
en estate owned by the Ponia¬
towskis, will inspire historians to work on this fascinating yet neglected subject,
which is the history of the industry in Kiev province, Podolia and Vblhynia and of
the forgotten „sober enthusiasts of the organic work in the borderlands, such as
the
Hołowińskis, Jaroszyńskis, Grocholskis, Iwanowickis, Hańskis, Abramowiczs,
Sobańskis,
and others. It was them, who already in the first half of the 19th century
formed in the borderlands a sort of „economic patriotism , declaring that one may
serve the country by his work, especially making efforts to modernize agriculture
and industry as well as to educate. With their resourcefulness, inventiveness, indus-
triousness and courage they changed the model of live of the borderland gentry, and
entering the period of industrialization they contributed to the development of Kiev
province, which in the mid-19th century belonged to the most industrialized regions
in the Russian Empire.
tłum. Irena
Polanská
|
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| author | Orman, Elżbieta |
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| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Orman, Elżbieta |
| author_variant | e o eo |
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| callnumber-sort | CT 41231.5 P66 |
| callnumber-subject | CT - Biography |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)467963840 (DE-599)BVBBV035817786 |
| era | Geschichte 1800-1900 Geschichte 1800-1900 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1800-1900 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Ukraine Polen |
| id | DE-604.BV035817786 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:05:17Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788376760001 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018676598 |
| oclc_num | 467963840 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 416 s., [4] k. tabl. złoż. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill. 25 cm. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Polska Akademia Umiejętności |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Orman, Elżbieta Verfasser aut Tahańcza Poniatowskich z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku Elżbieta Orman ; Polska Akademia Umiejętności, Fundacja Lanckorońskich Kraków Polska Akademia Umiejętności 2009 416 s., [4] k. tabl. złoż. il. (w tym kolor.). - Ill. 25 cm. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl., franz., russ. u. ukrain. Sprache Buturlin family History Poniatowski family History Poniatowski family Homes and haunts Ukraine Geschichte 1800-1900 Geschichte 1800-1900 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Nobility Ukraine History 19th century Adel (DE-588)4000464-8 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 gnd rswk-swf Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 gnd rswk-swf Ukraine (DE-588)4061496-7 g Polen (DE-588)4046496-9 g Adel (DE-588)4000464-8 s Geschichte 1800-1900 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018676598&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018676598&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Orman, Elżbieta Tahańcza Poniatowskich z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku Buturlin family History Poniatowski family History Poniatowski family Homes and haunts Ukraine Geschichte Nobility Ukraine History 19th century Adel (DE-588)4000464-8 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4000464-8 (DE-588)4061496-7 (DE-588)4046496-9 |
| title | Tahańcza Poniatowskich z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku |
| title_auth | Tahańcza Poniatowskich z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku |
| title_exact_search | Tahańcza Poniatowskich z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku |
| title_full | Tahańcza Poniatowskich z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku Elżbieta Orman ; Polska Akademia Umiejętności, Fundacja Lanckorońskich |
| title_fullStr | Tahańcza Poniatowskich z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku Elżbieta Orman ; Polska Akademia Umiejętności, Fundacja Lanckorońskich |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tahańcza Poniatowskich z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku Elżbieta Orman ; Polska Akademia Umiejętności, Fundacja Lanckorońskich |
| title_short | Tahańcza Poniatowskich |
| title_sort | tahancza poniatowskich z dziejow szlachty na ukrainie w xix wieku |
| title_sub | z dziejów szlachty na Ukrainie w XIX wieku |
| topic | Buturlin family History Poniatowski family History Poniatowski family Homes and haunts Ukraine Geschichte Nobility Ukraine History 19th century Adel (DE-588)4000464-8 gnd |
| topic_facet | Buturlin family History Poniatowski family History Poniatowski family Homes and haunts Ukraine Geschichte Nobility Ukraine History 19th century Adel Ukraine Polen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018676598&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018676598&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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