From dual to cooperative federalism: the changing structure of European law
What is the federal philosophy underlying the law-making function in the European Union? Which federal model best characterizes the European Union? This text analyses and demonstrates how the European legal order evolved from a dual federalism towards a cooperative federalist philosophy.
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2009
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| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Oxford studies in European law
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | What is the federal philosophy underlying the law-making function in the European Union? Which federal model best characterizes the European Union? This text analyses and demonstrates how the European legal order evolved from a dual federalism towards a cooperative federalist philosophy. |
| Beschreibung: | XXXVI, 391 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780199238583 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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Titel: From dual to cooperative federalism
Autor: Schütze, Robert
Jahr: 2009
SUMMARY CONTENTS
Introduction: Coining to Constitutional Terms 1
General Part - Federalism in America and Europe
1 Federal Tradition(s) and the European Union 13
I. The Federal Principle: Three Legal Traditions 15
II. The European Union: American and European Perspectives 40
2 Federal Philosophies and the Structure of American Law 75
I. The'New Nationalism': The Decline of Constitutional Exclusivity 80
II. The 'New Federalism': The Decline of Legislative Exclusivity 94
Excursus—The Foreign Affairs 'Exception' 108
Special Part -The Changing Structure of European Law
3 The Decline of Constitutional Exclusivity 129
I. Europe's Expanding Sphere: The Decline of State 'Police Powers' 132
II. Europe's Contracting Sphere: The Decline of Federal Exclusive
Powers 156
4 The Decline of Legislative Exclusivity 189
I. The Commerce Clause(s): Harmonization in the Internal Market 192
II. The Common Agricultural Policy: A Policy Unlike Any Other? 215
5 Cooperative Federalism Constitutionalized 241
I. The Principle of Subsidiarity: A Political Safeguard of Federalism 243
II. Complementary Competences: A Judicial Safeguard of Federalism 2 65
6 Excursus: A Foreign Affairs'Exception'? 287
I. Europe's International Powers: Dual Federalism in the
External Sphere 290
II. Theory and Practice: Ibwards Cooperative Federalism? 311
Conclusion: Europe's Gemeinweg towards Cooperative Federalism 345
CONTENTS
Table of Cases xvii
Table of Legislation xxv
Abbreviations xxxv
Introduction: Coming to Constitutional Terms 1
GENERAL PART Federalism in America andEurope
Chapter 1 - Federal Tradition(s) and the European Union 13
Introduction: Federalism and (International Law 14
I. The Federal Principle: Three Legal Traditions 15
1. The Classic Tradition: The 'International' Format of the
Federal Principle 16
2. The American Tradition: The 'Mixed' Format of the
Federal Principle 22
3. The European Tradition: The 'National' Format of the
Federal Principle 30
a. Conceptual Polarization: 'Confederation' versus 'Federation' 31
b. Early Criticism: The European Tradition and the (missing)
Federal Genus 3 6
II. The European Union: American and European Perspectives 40
1. The'Supranational'Europe: A (Very) Brief History 41
2. The European Union in the Light of the
American Tradition 47
a. The Foundational Dimension: Europe's 'Constitutional Treaty' 48
b. The Institutional Dimension: A European Union of States
and People (s) 52
c. The Functional Dimension: The Division of Powers in Europe 5 6
d. Overall Classification: The European Union on Federal
'Middle Ground' 58
3. The European Union in the Light of the European Tradition 58
a. Posing the Sovereignty Question: The 'Maastricht Decision' 60
b. Europe's Statist Tradition Unearthed: Three Constitutional Denials 63
xii Contents
Conclusion: The European Union as a
'Federation of States' 69
Chapter 2 - Federal Philosophies and the Structure of
American Law 75
Introduction: Federal Philosophies and
Constitutional Structures 76
I. The 'New Nationalism': The Decline of
Constitutional Exclusivity 80
1. Expanding the Federal Universe: The Decline of State
'Police Powers' 84
2. Changing Nature: From Exclusive to Concurrent Power 88
II. The 'New Federalism': The Decline of
Legislative Exclusivity 94
1. From Concurrent to Shared Powers: The Decline of
'Classic'Pre-emption 96
a. The Rise of the Modern Pre-emption Framework 9o
b. Changing Judicial Philosophies: The lNew Federalism' 101
2. Changing Nature: From Constitutional to Legislative
Pre-emption 105
Excursus—The Foreign Affairs 'Exception' 108
1. Foreign Affairs and the Treaty-Making Power:
Dual Federalism Constitutionalized 10"
a. Constitutional Certainties: The Unitary Scope of the Federal
Treaty Power 110
b. Constitutional Ambivalences: The Treaty-Making
Powers of the States 113
2. Foreign Affairs and Internal Legislation: Dual Federalism
De-Constitutionalized? 116
Conclusion: The Changing Structure of American Law 122
SPECIAL PA RT The Changing Structure of European Law
Chapter 3 -The Decline of Constitutional Exclusivity 129
Introduction: Federalism and Exclusive Powers 130
Contents xiii
I. Europe's Expanding Sphere: The Decline of State
'Police Powers' 132
1. Europe's 'Necessary and Proper Clause': The Scope of
Article 308 EC 133
a. Internal Limits: Legislation Necessary in the Course of the
Common Market 135
b. External Limits: The ''Constitutional Identity' of the
European Community 139
2. Europe's 'Commerce Clause(s)': The Scope of Articles 94
and 95 EC 143
a. Internal Limits: Harmonization of National Laws for the
Internal Market 144
b. External Limits: Constitutional'Saving Clauses'for
State'Police Powers'? 149
3. The European Union and the Problem of
Competence-Competence 151
II. Europe's Contracting Sphere: The Decline of Federal
Exclusive Powers 156
1. Dual Federalism Constitutionalized: The Genesis of
Exclusive Powers 157
a. Judicial Genesis no l:The Common Commercial Policy 158
b. Judicial Genesis no 2: The Conservation of Biological
Resources of the Sea ' "^
2. Ontological Deformations: Restrictive Interpretation and
'Partial Exclusivity' 167
3. The Delegation Doctrine: How Exclusive are Europe's
'Exclusive'Powers? *'*
a. Delegation within the CCP: From Specific Authorization to
Carte Blanche ^5
b. Delegation within the Conservation Policy: Cooperative
Federalism at Sea? '
Conclusion: European Federalism and Exclusive Powers 184
Chapter 4 - The Decline of Legislative Exclusivity 189
Introduction: European Federalism and Shared Powers 190
I- The Commerce Clause(s): Harmonization in the
Internal Market 192
1. The Two Dimensions of European Legislation:
Scope and Intensi ty
xiv Contents
2. Harmonization under the 'Old Approach': Shared Powers
and Dual Federalism 199
3. Harmonization under the 'New Approach': The Rise of
Cooperative Federalism 205
a. Reducing Europe's Scope: Cassis de Dijon and the Commission s
'New Strategy' 205
b. The 'NewApproach'to Harmonization: From Verticalto
Horizontal Legislation 207
II. The Common Agricultural Policy: A Policy Unlike
Any Other? 215
1. The 'Old' CAP: Common Market Organizations as
Vertical Legislation 217
a. The Exclusionary Effect ofCMOs: Between 'Field' and 'Obstacle'
Pre-emption 220
b. National Caveats: Delegated Community Powers or Autonomous
State Powers? 225
2. The 'New' CAP: From Vertical to Horizontal Legislation 230
a. Restructuring the CAP: From Product to Producer Support 231
b. The Rise of Cooperative Federalism.: 'Breaking up'
Occupied Fields? 235
Conclusion: European Federalism and Shared Powers 237
Chapter 5 - Cooperative Federalism Constitutionalized 241
Introduction: The Constitutional Safeguards of
Cooperative Federalism 242
I. The Principle of Subsidiarity: A Political Safeguard
of Federalism 243
1. Subsidiarity De Lege L«ta: ATextual Genealogy 247
a. Constitutional Clarifications: From Edinburgh to Amsterdam 251
b. Judicial Clarifications: Subsidiarity and Proportionality 25?
2. Subsidiarity De Lege Ferenda: Strengthening the
Safeguards of Federalism 256
a. Strengthening the Political Safeguards of Federalism 257
b. Strengthening the Judicial Safeguards of Federalism 261
II. Complementary Competences: AJudicial Safeguard
of Federalism 265
1. Environmental Policy: A Constitutional Commitment to
Minimum Harmonization 270
Contents xv
a. Ankle 175 EC: Soft or Hard Constitutional Frame? 272
b. The Scope of Article 176 EC: Cutting Across the Treaty? Ill
2. Public Health: Novel Constitutional Techniques 279
Conclusion: The Constitutional Safeguards of
Cooperative Federalism 284
Chapter 6 - Excursus: A Foreign Affairs 'Exception'? 287
Introduction: The European Union and Foreign Affairs 288
I. Europe's International Powers: Dual Federalism in the
External Sphere 290
1. Parallel External Powers: Existence and Scope 291
a. From ERTA to the 'Triumph of Parallelism' 292
b. Towards a Theory of Implied External Powers:
Three Conceptions 297
2. Parallel External Powers: Essence and Exercise 303
a. The Theory of Subsequent Exclusivity: The ERTA Doctrine 305
b. Political Safeguards: Mixed Agreements as a Federal Technique 308
II. Theory and Practice: Towards Cooperative Federalism? 311
1. Constitutional Theory: The Slowly Emergent Doctrine of
Community Supremacy 312
a. Normative Ambivalences: InternationalAgreementsbetween
(all) Member States 313
b. A Flight into Dual Federalism: Member States'Agreements
¦with Third States 320
2. Constitutional Practice: The ERTA Doctrine and
Cooperative Federalism 32 )
Conclusion: The European Union and Foreign Affairs 340
Conclusion: Europe's Gemeinweg towards
Cooperative Federalism 345
Bibliography 353
Index 381
TABLE OF CASES
European Union Cases
Cases 7 9/5 4 Groupement des Industries Siderurgiques Luxembourgeoises v
High Authority of the Coal and Steel Community
[1956] ECR 175.".42
Case 3 0/5 9 De Gezamenlijke Steenkolenmijnen in Limburg v High
Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community
[1961] ECR 1.131
Case 6/60 Jean-E Humbletv Belgian State [1960] ECR 559 .6
Case 26/62 NVAlgemene Transport- en Expeditie Onderneming van
Gend Loos v Netherlands Inland Revenue
Administration [1963] ECR 1.3
Case 90-91/63 Commission v Luxemburg and Belgium [1964] ECR 625.49
Case6/64 Flaminio CostavENEL [1964] ECR 585. 3,46,49,73,179,311
Case 16/65 Firma G Schwarze v Einfuhr- und Vorratsstelle fur
Getreide und Futtermittel[1965] ECR 877.6
Case 2-3/69 Sociual Fonds voor de Diamantarbeiders v SA Ch
Brachfeld Sons and Chougol Diamond Co [ 1969] ECR 211. 174
Case 2 6/69 Commission of the European Communities v France [ 1970]
ECR 565.218
Case 3 8/69 Commission of the European Communities v Italy [1979]
ECR 47.135,152
Case 11/70 Internationale HandelsgesellschaftmbHv Einfuhr- und
Vorratsstelle fiir Getreide und Futtermittel
[1970] ECR 1125.49,187
Case 22/70 Commission of the European Communities v Council of
the European Communities (ERTA) [1971]
ECR263.289,291,302,316,330
Case 21-24/72 International Fruit Company NVand others v Produktschap
voor Groenten en Fruit [1972] ECR 1219.161
Case 8/73 Hauptzollamt Bremerhaven v Massey-Ferguson GmbH
[1973] ECR 897.135,137,160
Case 37-38/73 Sociaal Fonds voor de Diamantarbeiders v NVIndiamex et
Association defait De Belder [1973] ECR 1609.160
Case 9/74 Donato Casagrande v Landeshauptstadt Miinchen [ 1974]
ECR 773.194
Case31/74 FilippoGalli[1975} ECR47 .220-1
Case 48/74 M Charmasson v Minister for Economic Affairs and
Finance [1974] ECR 1383.216
xviii Table of Cases
Opinion 1/75 Opinion 1/15 (Local Cost Standard) [1975] ECR 1355.161-2,
169-71,177,187,299
Case 4/7 5 Rewe-Zentralfinanz GmbH v Landwirtschaftskammer
[1975] ECR 843.218
Case 23/75 Rey Soda v Cassa Conguaglio Zucchero [1975] ECR 1279.226
Case 43/75 Defrenne v Societe anonyme beige de navigation ae'rienne
Sabena[1976]ECR455 .156,318
Case 52/75 Commission of the European Communities v Italy
[1976] ECR277.49
Case65/75 RicardoTasca [1976] ECR291.224-5
Cases 3,4 6/76 Cornells Kramer and others [1976] ECR 1279.164, 325
Case 3 5/7 6 Simmenthal SpA v Ministere desfinances italien
[1976]ECR1871.149,202
Case 41/76 Suzanne Criel, nee Donckerwolcke and Henri Scbou v
Procureur de la Republique au tribunal de grande instance
de Lille and Director General of Customs [1976] ECR 1921. 162
Case 77/76 EntrepriseElli Cucchi vAvez SpA [1977] ECR 987.225
Case 111/76 Offkier van JustitievBeert van den Hazel [1977]
ECR 901.222
Case 2/77 Hoffmann's Starkefabriken AGv Hauptzollamt Bielefeld
[1977] ECR 1375.219
Case 5/77 Carlo Tedeschiv DenkavitCommercialesrl[1977] ECR 1555 . 202
Case 61/77 Commission of the European Communities v Ireland [1978]
ECR417.165
Case 80-81/77 Societe Les Ctrmmissionnaires Reunis SARL v Receveur des
douanes; SARL Lesfils de Henri Ramel v Receveur des douanes
[1978] ECR 927.239
Ruling 1/78 Ruling 1/78 (IAEA Convention) [1978] ECR 2151.309
Opinion 1/78 Opinion 1/78 (InternationalAgreement on Natural Rubber)
[1979] ECR2871.162,168,171
Case 83/78 Pigs Marketing Board v Raymond Redmond [197'8]
ECR2347.222
Case 120/78 Rewe-ZentralAGvBundesmonopolverwaltungfiir
Branntwein (Cassis de Dijon) [1979] ECR 649.205-6
Case 148/78 Criminal proceedings against Tullio Ratti [1979]
ECR 1629.200,202
Case 177/78 Pigs and Bacon Commission v McCarren and Company
Limited[l979] ECR2161.220
Case 4/79 Societe cooperative ''Providence agricole de la Champagne' v
Ojfice national interprofessionnel des cere'ales (ONIC)
[1980] ECR2823.224
Case 91/79 Commission of the European Communities v Italy
[1980] ECR 1099.146
Table of Cases xix
Case 804/79 Commission of the European Communities v
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
[1981] ECR1045.166,179,187
Case 815/79 Criminal proceedings against Gaetano Cremonini and
Maria Luisa Vrankovich [1980] ECR 3583 .204
Case 181/80 Procureur general pres la Cour d'Appel de Pan andothersv
Jose Arbelaiz-Emazabel [1981] ECR 2961.325
Case 270/80 Poly dor Ltd and RSO Records Inc v Harlequin Records Shops
Ltd and Simons Records Ltd [1982] ECR 329.174
Case 222/82 Apple and Pear Development Council v KJLewis Ltd
andothers [1983] ECR4083.220,224
Case 2 2 7/82 Criminal proceedings against Leendert van Bennekom
[1983] ECR 3883.195
Case 2 3 7/82 Jongeneel Kaas B V and others v State of the Netherlands and
StichtingCentraalOrgaanZuivelcontrole [1984] ECR 483_227
Case 16/83 Criminal proceedings against Karl Prantl
[1984] ECR 1299.223,228
Case 47-48/83 PluimveeslachterijMidden-Nederland W[1984] ECR 1721 .226
Case 240/83 Procureur de la Republique v Association de defense
desbruleursd'huilesusagees (ADBHU) [1985] ECR 531.139
Case 288/83 Commission of the European Communities v Ireland
[1985] ECR 1761.216
Case 2 94/8 3 Parti e'cologiste Les Verts v European Parliament [1986]
ECR 1339.51
Case 174/84 Bulk Oil (Lug) AGv Sun International Ltd and
Sun OHTrading Co [1986] ECR 559.176-7,179
Case 218/8 5 Association comite economique agricole regional fruits
et legumes de Bretagne vALe Campion (CERAFEL)
[1986] ECR 3513.191,219,223
Case 278/85 Commission of the European Communities v Kingdom
of Denmark [1987] ECR 4069.197,203
Case 407/8 5 3 Glocken GmbH and Gertraud Kritzinger v USL Centro-Sud
andProvinciaautonoma diBolzano [1988] ECR4233 .220
Case 45/86 Commission of the European Communities v Council of the
European Communities (Generalized tariff preferences)
[1987] ECR 1493.137,162,170
Case 126/86 Gimenez Xaerav Institut Nacional de la Seguridad Social and
Tesoreria General de la Seguridad Social[1987] ECR 3697 . 133
Case 131/86 United Kingdom of'Great Britain and Northern Irelandv
Council of the European Communities [1988] ECR 905.229
CaseC-241/89 SARPP ir SARLv Chambre syndicate des raffineurs et
cmditionneurs de sucre de France and others
[1990] ECRI-4695.204,210
xx Table of Cases
Case C-300/89 Commission v Council (Titanium Dioxide) [1991]
ECRI-2867.146
Case C-39/90 Denkavit Futtermittel GmbH v Land Baden-Wiitttemberg
[1991] ECR1-3069.202
Opinion 1/91 Opinion 1/91 (EFTA) [1991] ECR6079.51,319,335
Opinion 2/91 Opinion 2/91 (Convention No 170 of the International
Labour Organization concerning safety in the use of chemicals
atwork) [1993] ECR I-1061 . 297,300,305-6,331-2,334,337
Opinion 2/92 Opinion 2/92 (Accession by the Community to the European
Convention fir the Protection of Human Rights and
Fundamental Freedoms) [1996] ECR 1-1759.301,304
Case C-l 1/92 The Queen v Secretary of State for Health, ex pane Gallaher
Ltd, Imperial Tobacco Ltd and Rothmans International
Tobacco (UK)Ltd[l993] ECRI-3545.211-2
Case C-52/92 Commission of the European Communities v Portuguese
Repiblic [1993] ECR 1-2961.196
Case C-3 50/92 Kingdom of Spain v Council of the European Union
[1995] ECRI-1985.144-5,148,281
Opinion 1/94 Opinion 1/94 (Competence of the Community to conclude
international agreements concerning services and the
protection of intellectual properly) [1994] ECR 1-5267.145,
170-2,300-2,304,310-11,333-5,337,339
Case C-61/94 Commission of the European Communities v Federal Republic of
Germany [1996] ECRI-3989.324
Case C-70/94 Fritz Werner Industrie-Ausriistungen GmbHv Federal
Republic of Germany [1995] ECRI-3189.177
Case C-84/94 United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland v
Council of the European Union [1996] ECR 1-5755. .199,253,256
Case C-194/94 CIA Security International SA v Signalson SA and Securitel
SPRL [1996] ECRI-2201.210
Case C-2 3 3/94 Germany v Parliament and Council (Deposit Guarantee Scheme)
[1994] ECRI-02405 .255
Case C-313/94 Elli Graffione SNCv Ditta Fransa [1996] ECR 1-6039.195
Case C-42/95 Siemens AG v Henry Noll [1995] ECR 1-6017.191
Case C-2 65/95 Commission of the European Communities v France
[1997] ECR 1-6959.149
CaseC-341/95 Gianni Bettativ Safety Hi-Tech Sri [1998] ECRI-4355.272
Case C-1/96 The Queen v Minister of Agriculture., Fisheries and Food,
exparte Compassion in World Farming Ltd [1998]
ECRI-1251.197,223
Case C-203/96 ChemischeAfvalstoffen Dusseldorp BV and Others v
Minister van Volkshuisvesting, Ruimtelijke Ordeningen
Milieubebeer [1998] ECR 1-4075.274-5
Table of Cases xxi
Case C-176-7/97 Commission of the European Communities v Kingdom of
Belgium and Grand Duchy of Luxembourg [1998]
ECR1-3557.327
Case C-2 3 2/97 Nederhojf r Zn v Dijkgraafen hoogheemraden van bet
HoogheemruadscbapRijnland [1999] ECR 1-6385.278
Case C-2 69/97 Commission of the European Communities v Council of the
European Union [2000] ECR 1-2257.229
Case C-312/98 Schutzverbandgegen Unwesen in der Wirtschaft eVv
Warsteiner Branerei Haus Cramer GmbH Co KG
[2000] ECRI-9187.228
Case C-318/98 Criminal proceedings against Giancarlo Fornasar, Andrea
Strizzolo, Giancarlo Toso, Lucio Mucchino, Enzo Peressutti
andSante Chiarcosso [2000] ECR 1-4785.275-6
Case C-3 76/98 Federal Republic of Germany v European Parliament and
Council of the European Union (Tobacco Advertising)
[2000] ECR 1-8419.150,282
Case C-3 77/98 Kingdom of the Netherlands v European Parliament and
Council of the European Union [2001] ECR 7079.148,255-6
Case Open Skies Cases: Commission v United Kingdom [2002]
C-466-76/98 ECR 1-9427; Commission v Denmark [2000] ECR 1-9519;
Commission v Sweden [2002] ECR 1-9575; Commission v
Finland [2002] ECR 1-9627; Commission v Belgium [2002]
ECR 1-9681; Commission vLuxembourg [2002] ECR 1-9741;
Commission v Austria [2002] ECR 1-9797; and
Commission v Germany [2002] ECR 1-9855 .297, 304,334
Case C-3/99 Cidrerie Ruwet SA v Cidre Stassen SA and
HPBulmerLtd[2000] ECRI-8749.240
Case C-22/99 Cristoforo Bertinetto v Biraghi SpA [2000] ECR 1-7629.224
Case C- 313/99 Gerard Mulligan and Others v Minister for Agriculture and
Food, Ireland and Attorney General [2OQ2]FJCRI-S719.229
Opinion 2/00 Opinion 2/00 (Cartagena Protocol) [2001] ECR 1-9713.172
CaseC-121/00 Criminal proceedings against Walter Tlahn [2002]
ECRI-9193.202,208
Cases C-426/00 Paul Dieter Haug [2003] ECR 1-1065.195
C-16/01
Case C-103/01 Commission of the European Communities v Germany
[2003] ECR 1-5 369.255-6
Case C-108/01 Consorzio del Prosciutto di Parma and Salumificio S Rita
SpA v Asda Stores Ltd and Hygrade Foods Ltd [2003 ]
ECR 1-5121.229
CaseC-265/01 Annie Pansardand Others [2001] ECRI-683.181-3
Case C-491/01 The Queen v Secretary of State for Health, ex pane:
B?itiskA?nericanTobaccoetal[20Q2]ECRl~n453 . 148,255-6
xxii Table of Cases
Opinion 1/2003 Opinion 1/2003 (Competence of the Community to
conclude the new Lugano Convention on jurisdiction and
the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and
commercial matters) [2006] ECR1-1145.307, 336,
338-9,340,342
Case C-6/03 Deponieziveckverband Eiterkbpfe v Land Rheinland-Pfalz
[2005] ECRI-2753.272,277
Case C-110/03 Belgium v Commission [2005] ECRI-2801.256
Case C-210/03 The Queen, ex pane: Swedish Match v Secretary of State
forHealth [2004] ECRI-11893.148
Case C-283/03 AHKuipers v Productschap Zuivel [2005]
ECRI-4255.230
Case C-3 80/03 Germany v European Parliament and Council of the EU
(TobaccoAdvertisingII) [2006] ECRI-11573.148
CaseC-409/03 Societe d'exportation de produits agricoles SA (SEPA) v
HauptzoUamt Hamburg-Jonas [2005] ECR 1-4321.228
Case C-436/03 European Parliamentv Council of the EU[2006]
ECRI-3733.148
Case C-66/04 United Kingdom v Parliament and Council [2005]
ECRI-10553.148
Case C-154-5/04 The Queen, ex pane: National Association of Health Stores
and others etalv Secretary of State for Health [2005]
ECRI-6451.256
Case C-402/05P Kadiv Council and Commission [2008] (nyr).141,143
Case C-55/06 Arcorv Germany [2008] ECRI-2931.256
US Supreme Court Cases
AblemanvBooth62 US 506(1859).77
Asakurav City of Seattle 265 US 332 (1924).HI
Barclays Bankpk v Franchise Tax Bd 512 US 298 (1994).120
Boyle v United Technologies 487 US 500 (1988).102
Caminettiv United States242 US470 (1917).82
Carmichaelv Southern Coal Coke Co 301 US 495 (1937).123,351
Chae Chan Ping v UnitedStates 130 US 581 (1889).114
ChampionvAmes 188 US 321 (1903).82-3
Charleston Western Carolina Railway Co v Varnville 237 US 597 (1915).96
Chicago, Rock Island Pacific Ry Co v Hardwick Farmers Elev Co 226
US 426(1913).96
Chisholmv State of Georgia 2 US419(1793).77
ChyLungv Freeman 92 US 275 (1875).119
CipollonevLigett Group 505 US 514 (1992).100-101
Table of Cases xxiii
City ofBurbankv Lockheed AirTerminallnc 411 US 624 (1973).100
Collector v Day 78 US 113 (1870).79
Commonwealth Edison Co vMontana 453 US 609 (1981).100
Cooky v Board of Wardens of the Port of 'Philadelphia 53 US 299 (1851).90-1
Crosby v National Foreign Trade Council 120 S. Ct. 2288 (2000).120,122,126
Cuylerv Adams 449 \JS 411 (1981).115-6
Dean Milk Co v City of Madison 340 US 349 (1951).94
English v General Electric Co 496 US 72 (1990).100,103-4,123
Fisher v Berkeley, 475 US 260 (1986).100
Florida Lime ir Avocado Growers v Paul 173 US 132 (1963).102
FostervNeilson 27 US 253 (1829).109
Gadev National Solid Wastes Management Ass'n 505 US 88 (1992).100,107
Garcia v San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority 469 US 528 (1985)-----85-6,124
GeieretalvAmerican Honda Motor Co, Inc, etal529 US 861 (2000).101,104
Gibbonsv Ogden 22 US 1 (1824).76,80, 88-90
Gonzales, Attorney General, etal,vAngelMcClaryRaich etal545 US 1 (2005).87
Gregory vAshcroft501 US452 (1991).108,264
HammervDagenhart247 US251 (1918).82-83
Head v New Mexico Board174 US 424 (1963).103
Hillsborough County, Pla v Automated Medical LaboratoriesA'l'1 US 707 (1985) . 101-2
Hinderliderv La Plate River fc Cherry Creek Ditch Co 304 US 92 (1938).115
HinesvDavidowitzl 12 US 52 (1941).102,117,122
Holmes vjennison 19 US 540 (1840).114
HoustonvMoore 18 US 1 (1820).78
Houston, East and West Texas Railway Co v United States (Shreveport Rate Case)
234 US 342 (1914).82
James Clark Distilling Co v Western Maryland Ry Co 242 US 311 (1917).91
Kansas Southern Railway vKaw Valley DistrictHl US 75 (1914).93
KiddvPearson 128 US 1 (1888).81
Knox v Lee Parker v Davis (LegalTender Cases) 79 US 457 (1870).114
Mayor, Aldermen and Commonality of'City of New York vMiln 36 US 102(1837)-----89
McCulkchv Maryland 17 US 116(1819).24,76,78,80,123
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner Smith v Ware 414 US 117(1973).102
National Labor Relations Board v Jones Laughlin Steel Corporation 301
US 1 (1937).•.84
National League of Cities v Usery426 US 833 (1976).86
New York v United States 505 US 144(1992).87,124
New York Central Railroad Co vWinfield244 US 147 (1917).97
Pacific Gas Electric Co v State Energy Resources Conservation Development
Commission 461 US 190 (1983).99,191
Parkenhirg OhioRiverTransportation Co vParkersburg 107 US691 (1883).92
PerezvCampbell401 US637 (1971).100
Philadelphia v New Jersey 430 US 141 (1977).105
xxiv Table of Cases
Pike v Bruce Church, Inc 397 US 137 (1970).94
Printzv United States 521 US 898 (1997).88,124
ReidvCovert 354 US 1 (1957).112
Ricev Santa Fe Elevator Corp 331 US 218 (1947).101-2
Robbinsv Shelby Country Taxing District 120 US 489 (1887).91
Savage v Jones 225 US 501 (1912).96,99
SchechterPoultiy Corp v United States 295 US 495 (1935).83
Silkwoodv Kerr-McGee Corp 464 US 238 (1984).99,103
SmithvAlabama 124US465 .93
Southern Pacific Co vArizona 325 US761 (1945).102
Southern Railway CovKinglYl US 524,531 (1910).91
Southern Railway Co vReidlUUS 424 (1912).96
Southern Railway v Railroad Commission ofIndiana 236 US 439 (1915).96
Stafford vWallace25%US 495 (1922).82
State of Missouri v Holland 252 US416(1920).110,117
State of Pennsylvania v Wheeling Belmont Bridge Co 54 US 518(1851).115
Thurlow v Massachusetts, Fletcher v Rhode Island and Peirce v New Hampshire
(License Cases) 46US 504(1847).88
United States v Belmont 301 US 324(1937).116
United States v Butler etal297 US 1 (1936).83
UnitedStatesv Caroline Products 304 US 144 (1938).265
UnitedStatesv Curtiss-Wright Export Corp 299 US 304(1936).Ill
UnitedStatesv Darby 312 US 100(1941).85-6
UnitedStatesv EC Knight 156US 1 (1895).81-2,92
UnitedStatesv Lopez 514 US 549(1995).87,124
UnitedStatesv Morrison etal 529 US 598 (2000).87
US Term Limits, Incv Thornton 514US779 (1995).77
Virginia v Tennessee 148 US 503 (1893).115
WickardvFilburn 317US 111 (1942).85,87
Zj-rfe-n/gz M/ r389US429 (1968).119-20,122
Other Jurisdictions
S.S. Wimbledon,(1923) SeriesANo 1,15.2,288
Reparation forInjuries sufferedin the Service of'the United Nations, (1949)
ICJ Reports 174.2,288
BVerfGE22,293 (EWG Verordnungen).65
BVerfGE37,271 (Solangel).50
BVerfGE89,155 (MaastrichtDecision).60-3,134,153-4
TABLE OF LEGISLATION
European Legislation
Regulations
Regulation 17/62
Regulation 19/62
Regulation 120/67
Regulation 950/68
Regulation 543/69
Regulation 2603/69
Regulation 816/70
Regulation 2141/70
Regulation 2142/70
Regulation 1035/72
Council Regulation implementing Articles 85
and 86 of the Treaty [1959-62] OJ English Special
Edition: 1-87.57
Reglement portant etablissement graduel d'une
organisation commune des marches dans le secteur
des cereals [1962] OJ 30/933 .218
Council Regulation 120/67 on the common
organization of the market in cereals [ 1967]
OJ English Special Edition: 1-33.218,221
Council Regulation 950/68 on the common
customs tariff [1968] OJ English Special
Edition: 1-275.160,174
Council Regulation 543/69 on the
harmonization of certain social legislation
relating to road transport [1969] OJ English
Special Edition: I-170.294,330
Council Regulation 2603/69 establishing
common rules for exports [1969] OJ English
Special Edition: 1-590.176-7
Council Regulation 816/70 laying down
additional provisions for the common organization
of the market in wine [1970] OJ English Special
Edition: 1-234.240
Council Regulation 2141/70 1970 laying down
a common structural policy for the fishing industry
[1970] OJ English Special Edition: Series 1-703. 163,295
Council Regulation 2142/70 on the common
organization of the market in fishery products
[1970] OJ English Special Edition: 1-707.163
Council Regulation 1035/72 on the common
organization of the market in fruit and
vegetables [1972] OJ English Special
Edition: 1-437.191,223-4
xxvi Table of Legislation
Regulation 645/75
Regulation 2727/75
Regulation 2759/75
Regulation 2777/75
Regulation 100/76
Regulation 101/76
Regulation 2160/77
Regulation 170/83
Regulation 171/83
Regulation 3094/86
Regulation 405 5/86
Regulation 2299/89
Regulation 1766/92
Commission Regulation 645/75 laying down
common detailed rules for the application of the
export levies and charges on agricultural products
[1975] OJ L67/16.218
Council Regulation 2727/75 on the common
organization of the market in cereals
[1975] OJL281/1.218
Council Regulation 2759/75 on the common
organization of the market in pigmeat
[1975] OJ L282/1.224
Council Regulation 2777775 on the common
organization of the market in poultrymeat
[1975] OJL282/77.226
Council Regulation 100/76 on the common
organization of the market in fishery products
[1976] OJL20/1.163
Council Regulation 101/76 laying down a common
structural policy for the fishing industry [1976]
OJL20/19.163
Council Regulation 2160/77 laying down certain
interim measures for the conservation and
management of fishery resources applicable to
vessels flying the flag of Spain [1977] OJ L25O/17.325
Council Regulation 170/83 establishing a
Community system for the conservation and
management of fishery resources [1983] OJ L24/1 . 180
Council Regulation 171/83 laying down certain
technical measures for the conservation of fishery
resources [1983] OJL24/14.180
Council Regulation 3094/86 laying down certain
technical measures for the conservation of fishery
resources [1986] OJL288/1.180-1
Council Regulation 4055/86 applying the principle
of freedom to provide services to maritime transport
between Member States and between Member
States and third countries [1986] OJ L378/1.327
Council Regulation 2299/89 on a code of conduct
for computerized reservation systems
[1989] OJL220/1.307
Council Regulation 1766/92 on the common
organization of the market in cereals
[1992] OJ L181/21.218
Table of Legislation xxvii
Regulation 1768/92
Regulation 2407/92
Regulation 2408/92
Regulation 2409/92
Regulation 3760/92
Regulation 2200/96
Regulation 2201/96
Regulation 894/97
Regulation 850/98
Regulation 1254/99
Regulation 1257/99
Regulation 1493/99
Regulation 104/2000
Council Regulation 1768/92 concerning
the creation of a supplementary protection
certificate for medicinal products [1992]
OJL182/1.145
Council Regulation 2407/92 on licensing of
air carriers [1992] OJ L240/1.334
Council Regulation 2408/92 on access for
Community air carriers to intra-Community
air routes [1992] OJ L240/8.334
Council Regulation 2409/92 on fares and rates for
air services [1992] OJ L240/15.307
Council Regulation 3760/92 establishing a
Community system for fisheries and aquaculture
[1992] OJ L389/1.180
Council Regulation 2200/96 on the common
organization of the market in fruit and vegetables
[1996] OJ L297/1.234
Council Regulation 2201/96 on the common
organization of the markets in processed fruit and
vegetable products [1996] OJ L297/29.234
Council Regulation 894/97 laying down certain
technical measures for the conservation of fishery
resources [1997] OJ L132/1.180-1
Council Regulation 850/98 for the conservation of
fishery resources through technical measures for
the protection of juveniles of marine organisms
[1998] OJ L125/1.181,183
Council Regulation 1254/99 on the common
organization of the market in beef and veal 11999]
OJ L160/21.235
Council Regulation 1257/99 on support for rural
development from the European Agricultural
Guidance and Guarantee Fund [EAGGF] and
amending and repealing certain Regulations
[1999] OJ L160/80.232
Council Regulation 1493/99 on the common
organization of the market in wine [ 1999]
OJ L179/1.234,235
Council Regulation 104/2000 on the
common organization of the markets in fishery
and aquaculture products [2000]
OJ L17/22.163,215
xxviii Table of Legislation
Regulation 1298/2000 Council Regulation 1298/2000 amending for the
fifth time Regulation 850/98 for the conservation of
fishery resources through technical measures for
the protection of juveniles of marine organisms
[2000] OJ L148/1.181
Regulation 44/2001 Council Regulation 44/2001 on jurisdiction
and the recognition and enforcement of
judgments in civil and commercial matters [2001]
OJL12/1.336,339
Regulation 999/2001 Regulation 999/2001 of the European Parliament
and of the Council laying down rules for the
prevention, control and eradication of certain
transmissible spongiform encephalopathies [2001]
OJ L147/1.281
Regulation2371/2002 Council Regulation 2371/2002 on the conservation
and sustainable exploitation of fisheries resources
under the Common Fisheries Policy [2002]
OJ L3S8/59.163,183
Regulation 1/2003 Council Regulation 1/2003 on the implementation
of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81
and 82 of the Treaty [2003] OJL1/1.57
Regulation 1782/2003 Council Regulation 1782/2003 establishing common
rules for direct support schemes under the common
agricultural policy and establishing certain support
schemes for farmers and amending Regulations
2019/93,1452/2001,1453/2001,1454/2001,
1868/94,1251/1999,1254/1999,1673/2000,
2358/71 and 2529/2001 [2003] OJ L270/1.233-4
Regulation 1784/2003 Council Regulation 1784/2003 on the common
organization of the market in cereals [2003]
OJL270/78.218
Regulation 1829/2003 Regulation 1829/2003 of the European Parliament
and of the Council on genetically modified food and
feed [2003] OJ L268/1.281
Regulation 1698/2005 Council Regulation 1698/2005 on support for
rural development by the European Agricultural
Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD) [2005]
OJ L277/1.233,236
Regulation 318/2006 Council Regulation 318/2006 on the common
organization of the markets in the sugar sector
[2006] OJ L58/1.233
Regulation 168/2007 Council Regulation 168/2007 establishing a
European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights
[2007] OJL53/1.143
Table of Legislation xxix
Regulation 847/2007 Commission Regulation 847/2007
implementing Regulation 808/2004 of the
European Parliament and of the Council concerning
Community statistics on the information society
[2007] OJ L187/5.322
Regulation 1182/2007 Council Regulation 1182/2007 laying down specific
rules as regards the fruit and vegetable sector,
amending Directives 2001/112 and 2001/113 and
Regulations 827/68,2200/96,2201/96,2826/2000,
1782/2003 and 318/2006 and repealing Regulation
2202/96 [2007] OJ L273/1.233
Regulation 1234/2007 Council Regulation 1234/2007 establishing a
common organization of agricultural markets and on
specific provisions for certain agricultural products
(Single CMO Regulation) [2007] OJ L299/1.218,234
Regulation 479/2008 Council Regulation 479/2008 on the common
organization of the market in wine, amending
Regulations 1493/1999,1782/2003,1290/2005,
3/2008 and repealing Regulations 2392/86 and
1493/1999 [2008] OJL148/1.233,235-6
Regulation 72/2009 Regulation 72/2009 on modifications to the
Common Agricultural Policy by amending
Regulations 247/2006,320/2006,1405/2006,3/2008
and 479/2008 and repealing Regulations 1883/78,
1254/89,2247/89,2055/93,1868/94,2596/97,
1182/2005 and 315/2007 [2009] OJ L30/1.234-5
Regulation 73/2009 Regulation 73/2009 establishing common rules for
direct support schemes for fanners under the
Common Agricultural Policy and establishing
certain support schemes for farmers, amending
Regulations 1290/2005,247/2006,378/2007 and
repealing Regulation 1782/2003 [2009]
OJ L30/16 .233—+
Regulation 74/2009 Regulation 74/2009 amending Regulation 1698/2005
on support for rural development by the
European Agricultural Fund for Rural
Development (EAFRD) [2009] OJ L30/100.234
Directives
Directive 67/548
Council Directive 67/548 on the approximation of laws,
regulations and administrative provisions relating to the
classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous
substances [1967] OJ English Special Edition: 1-234 .332
xxx Table ofLegislation
Directive 69/466 Council Directive 69/466 on control of San Jose
Scale [1969] OJ English Special Edition: 1-565.218
Directive 70/50 Commission Directive 70/50 based on the provisions of
Article 33 (7), on the abolition of measures which have an
effect equivalent to quantitative restrictions on imports
and are not covered by other provisions adopted in
pursuance of the EECTreaty [1970] OJ English Special
Edition: 1-17.199
Directive 70/157 Council Directive 70/157 on the approximation of the
laws of the Member States relating to the permissible
sound level and the exhaust system of motor vehicles
[1970] OJ English Special Edition: 1-111 .197,270
Directive 70/2 2 0 Council Directive 7 0/2 2 0 on the approximation of the
laws of the Member States relating to measures to be
taken against air pollution by gases from positive-ignition
engines of motor vehicles [1970] OJ English Special
Edition: 1-171.197
Directive 72/306 Council Directive 72/306 on the approximation of the
laws of the Member States relating to the measures to
be taken against the emission of pollutants from diesel
engines for use in vehicles [1972] OJ English Special
Edition: 1-889.270
Directive 73/173 Council Directive 73/173 on the approximation of
Member States' laws, regulations and administrative
provisions relating to the classification, packaging and
labelling of dangerous preparations (solvents) [1973]
OJL189/7.201
Directive 75/106 Council Directive 75/106 on the approximation of the
laws of the Member States relating to the making-up by
volume of certain prepackaged liquids [1975] OJ L42/1 . 240
Directive 7 5/440 Council Directive 7 5/440 concerning the quality
required of surface water intended for the abstraction of
drinking water in the Member States [1975] OJ L194/26. .271
Directive 7 5/442 Council Directive 7 5/442 on waste [ 197 5]
OJL194/39.275-6
Directive 76/160 Council Directive 76/160 concerning the quality of
bathing water [1976] OJ L31/1.271
Directive 76/464 Council Directive 76/464 on pollution caused by
certain dangerous substances discharged into the aquatic
environment of the Community [1976] OJ L129/23. .271,278
Directive 76/768 Council Directive 76/768 on the approximation of the
laws of the Member States relating to cosmetic
products [1976] OJ L262/169.196
Table of Legislation xxxi
Directive 76/769 Council Directive 76/769 on the approximation of
the laws, regulations and administrative provisions of
the Member States relating to restrictions on the
marketing and use of certain dangerous substances and
preparations [1976] OJ L262/201.278-9
Directive 79/112 Council Directive 79/112 on the approximation of the
laws of the Member States relating to the labelling,
presentation and advertising of foodstuffs for sale
to the ultimate consumer [1979] OJL33/1 .195,218
Directive 79/409 Council Directive 79/409 on the conservation of wild
birds [1979] OJ L103/1.139
Directive 79/831 Council Directive 79/831 amending for the sixth time
Directive 67/548/EEC on the approximation of the
laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating
to the classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous
substances [1979] OJ L259/10.203
Directive 80/68 Council Directive 80/68 on the protection of
groundwater against pollution caused by certain
dangerous substances [1980] OJ L20/43.138
Directive 80/778 Council Directive 80/778 relating to the quality of water
intended for human consumption [1980] OJL229/11.196
Directive 83/189 Council Directive 83/189 laying down a procedure
for the provision of information in the field of technical
standards and regulations [1983] OJ L109/8.210
Directive 85/374 Council Directive 85/374 on the approximation of
the laws, regulations and administrative provisions
of the Member States concerning liability for defective
products [1985] OJ L210/29.195
Directive 88/378 Council Directive 88/378 on the approximation of the
laws of the Member States concerning the safety of toys
[1988] OJL187/1.197
Directive 88/379 Council Directive 88/379 on the approximation of the
laws, regulations and administrative provisions of the
Member States relating to the classification, packaging
and labelling of dangerous preparations
[1988] OJ L187/14.332
Directive 89/104 Council Directive 89/104 on the approximation of
the laws of the Member States relating to trade marks
[1989] OJ L40/1.195
Directive 89/622 Council Directive 89/622 on the approximation of
the laws, regulations and administrative provisions
of the Member States concerning the labelling of
tobacco products [1989] OJ L359/1 .211
xxxii Table of Legislation
Directive 90/42 5 Council Directive 90/42 5 concerning veterinary
and zootechnical checks applicable in intra-Comrminity
trade in certain live animals and products with a view
to the completion of the internal market [1990]
OJ L224/29.196
Directive 91/629 Council Directive 91/629 laying downminimum
standards for the protection of calves [1991]
OJL340/28.229
Directive 91/630 Council Directive 91/630 laying down minimum
standards for the protection of pigs [1991]
OJ L34O/33.229
Directive 91/689 Council Directive 91/689 on hazardous waste [1991]
OJL377/20.275-6
Directive 92/2 8 Council Directive 92/2 8 on the advertising of
medicinal products for human use [1992]
OJL113/13.146
Directive 92/41 Council Directive 92/41 amending Directive 89/622
on the approximation of the laws, regulations and
administrative provisions of the Member States
concerning the labelling of tobacco products
[1992] OJ LI 58/30.146
Directive 93/104 Council Directive 93/104 concerning certain
aspects of the organization of working time [1993]
OJ L307/18.253
Directive 94/60 European Parliament and Council Directive 94/60/EC
amending for the 14th time Directive 76/769 on the
approximation of the laws, regulations and administrative
provisions of the Member States relating to restrictions
on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances
and preparations [1994] OJ L365/1.278
Directive 97/11 Council Directive 97/11 amending Directive 85/337
on the assessment of the effects of certain public and
private projects on the environment [1997] OJ L73/5.274
Directive 98/34 Directive 98/34 of the European Parliament and of the
Council of 22 June 1998 laying down a procedure for the
provision of information in the field of technical
standards and regulations [1998] OJ L204/37.210
Directive 98/43 Directive 98/43 of the European Parliament and of the
Council on the approximation of the laws, regulations and
administrative provisions of the Member States relating to
the advertising and sponsorship of tobacco products
[1998] OJ L213/9.146-7
Directive 98/58 Council Directive 98/58 concerning the protection of
animals kept for farming purposes [1998] OJ L221/23_229
Table of Legislation xxxiii
Singular Legal Acts
Agreement establishing an Association between the European Economic
Community and Greece [1963] OJ L26/294.308
Decision 76/787/ECSC, EEC, Euratonv. Decision of the Representatives
of the Member States meeting in the Council relating to the Act concerning
the Election of the Representatives of the Assembly by direct universal
suffrage [1976] OJ L278/1.54
Act of 20 September 1976 concerning the Election of the Representatives
of the Assembly by direct universal suffrage [1976] OJ L278/5.54
Convention on Jurisdiction and the Enforcement of Judgments in Civil
and Commercial Matters (Lugano Convention) [1988] OJ L319/9.336
Council Decision 94/904 establishing a list of hazardous waste pursuant to
Article 1(4) of Directive 91/689 [1994] OJ L356/14.275
Decision of the European Parliament of 28 September 2005 adopting
the Statute for Members of the European Parliament (2005/684/EC,
Euratom) [2005] OJ L262/1.54
Political Guidelines
European Council
First Summit Conference of the Enlarged Community; Bulletin of the
European Communities, EC 10-1972,9.138,270
Final Communique, Conference of Heads of Government in Paris on
9 and 10 December 1974, Bulletin of the European Communities,
EC 12-1974,7.247
Edinburgh European Council Conclusions (Annex 1): Overall Approach
to the Application by the Council of the Subsidiarity Principle and
Article 3b of the Treaty on European Union; Bulletin of the European
Communities, EC-12-1992,12.214,251,253
Inter-institutional Declaration on Democracy, Transparency and
Subsidiarity, Bulletin of the European Communities, EC-10-1993,118.251
Council
Council Resolution of 28 May 1969 drawing up a programme for the
elimination of technical barriers to trade [1969] OJ C76/1 (English
Special Edition: 11-25).199
Resolution of the Council of 21 May 1973 concerning the elimination of
technical obstacles to trade in industrial products [1973] OJ C38/1.200
Declaration of the Council of the European Communities and of the
Representatives of the Governments of the Member States meeting in
the Council of 22 November 1973 on the Programme of Action of the
European Communities on the Environment [1973] OJCl 12/1.138,270
xxxiv Table of Legislation
Council Resolution of 7 May 1985 on a New Approach to Technical
Harmonization and Standards [1985] OJ C136/1.209-10
Commission
Report on European Union; Bulletin of the European Communities,
Supplement 5/75.247
Communication concerning the Consequences of the Judgement given
by the Court of Justice on 20 February 1979 in Case 120/78
(Cassisde Dijon) [1980] OJ C256/2.206
'Completing the Internal Market: White Paper from the Commission
to the European Council', COM (85) 310.208
'Towards Sustainability: A European Community Programme of Policy
and Action in relation to the Environment and Sustainable Development',
COM(92)23 final-VolumeII.248
Commission Communication on the Subsidiarity Principle; Bulletin of the
European Communities, EC-10-1992,116.250-1
Agenda 2000 for a Stronger and Wider Union; COM (1997) 2000 final
(Volume I), Bulletin ofthe European Union, Supplement 5/97.232,235
Commission Communication: 'Mutual Recognition in the context ofthe
follow-up to the action plan for the Single Market', COM (1999)
299 final.213
Commission Communication: 'Mid-Term Review ofthe Common
Agricultural Policy', COM (2002) 394 final.232
Commission Communication: 'Preparing for the "Health Check" ofthe
CAP Reform', COM (2007) 722 final.234
Parliament
Draft Treaty establishing the European Union [1984] OJ C77/3 3_158,248,250
Resolution on the Principle of Subsidiarity [1990] OJC231/163.246
European Convention
Conclusions of the Working Group I on the Principle of Subsidiarily,
CONV286/02.259,260
Conclusions ofthe Working Group IV on the Role of National
Parliaments, CONV353/02.258 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Schütze, Robert |
| author_facet | Schütze, Robert |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Schütze, Robert |
| author_variant | r s rs |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035811470 |
| callnumber-first | K - Law |
| callnumber-label | KJE5075 |
| callnumber-raw | KJE5075 |
| callnumber-search | KJE5075 |
| callnumber-sort | KJE 45075 |
| classification_rvk | PL 625 PS 2620 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)262889419 (DE-599)BVBBV035811470 |
| dewey-full | 341.2422 342.24/042 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 341 - Law of nations 342 - Constitutional and administrative law |
| dewey-raw | 341.2422 342.24/042 |
| dewey-search | 341.2422 342.24/042 |
| dewey-sort | 3341.2422 |
| dewey-tens | 340 - Law |
| discipline | Rechtswissenschaft |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten USA USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten USA |
| id | DE-604.BV035811470 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-01-02T11:28:51Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780199238583 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2009025787 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018670384 |
| oclc_num | 262889419 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 DE-11 DE-M382 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| owner_facet | DE-12 DE-11 DE-M382 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | XXXVI, 391 S. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Oxford studies in European law |
| spelling | Schütze, Robert Verfasser aut From dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of European law Robert Schütze 1. publ. Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2009 XXXVI, 391 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Oxford studies in European law What is the federal philosophy underlying the law-making function in the European Union? Which federal model best characterizes the European Union? This text analyses and demonstrates how the European legal order evolved from a dual federalism towards a cooperative federalist philosophy. Europäische Union Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd rswk-swf Europese Unie gtt Federalisme gtt Philosophie Federal government European Union countries Federal government United States Federal government Philosophy Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd rswk-swf Föderalismus (DE-588)4017754-3 gnd rswk-swf Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten USA USA (DE-588)4078704-7 gnd rswk-swf Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 b Föderalismus (DE-588)4017754-3 s Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 s USA (DE-588)4078704-7 g DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018670384&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Schütze, Robert From dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of European law Europäische Union Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd Europese Unie gtt Federalisme gtt Philosophie Federal government European Union countries Federal government United States Federal government Philosophy Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd Föderalismus (DE-588)4017754-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)5098525-5 (DE-588)4048737-4 (DE-588)4017754-3 (DE-588)4078704-7 |
| title | From dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of European law |
| title_auth | From dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of European law |
| title_exact_search | From dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of European law |
| title_full | From dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of European law Robert Schütze |
| title_fullStr | From dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of European law Robert Schütze |
| title_full_unstemmed | From dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of European law Robert Schütze |
| title_short | From dual to cooperative federalism |
| title_sort | from dual to cooperative federalism the changing structure of european law |
| title_sub | the changing structure of European law |
| topic | Europäische Union Europäische Union (DE-588)5098525-5 gnd Europese Unie gtt Federalisme gtt Philosophie Federal government European Union countries Federal government United States Federal government Philosophy Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd Föderalismus (DE-588)4017754-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Europäische Union Europese Unie Federalisme Philosophie Federal government European Union countries Federal government United States Federal government Philosophy Recht Föderalismus Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten USA |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018670384&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT schutzerobert fromdualtocooperativefederalismthechangingstructureofeuropeanlaw |