Regional atlas on West Africa:
Recent global changes have placed regional integration at the center of Africa's political and economic agenda. This atlas, containing maps, statistics and analyses, describes the West African region, its population, settlement, territories, its economy and its vulnerabilities. It analyzes the...
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Paris [u.a.]
OECD
2009
|
| Schriftenreihe: | West African studies
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | Recent global changes have placed regional integration at the center of Africa's political and economic agenda. This atlas, containing maps, statistics and analyses, describes the West African region, its population, settlement, territories, its economy and its vulnerabilities. It analyzes the developments and the ways in which West Africa is conforming to a constantly changing global environment. The atlas also identifies the medium- and long-term trends and provides elements for strategic thinking on the future.--Publisher's description. |
| Beschreibung: | Auch als Online-Ressource: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264056763-en |
| Beschreibung: | 284 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9789264055926 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Regional atlas on West Africa |c ed. by Laurent Bossard |
| 264 | 1 | |a Paris [u.a.] |b OECD |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a 284 S. |b graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
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| 490 | 0 | |a West African studies | |
| 500 | |a Auch als Online-Ressource: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264056763-en | ||
| 520 | 3 | |a Recent global changes have placed regional integration at the center of Africa's political and economic agenda. This atlas, containing maps, statistics and analyses, describes the West African region, its population, settlement, territories, its economy and its vulnerabilities. It analyzes the developments and the ways in which West Africa is conforming to a constantly changing global environment. The atlas also identifies the medium- and long-term trends and provides elements for strategic thinking on the future.--Publisher's description. | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Migration | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wirtschaft | |
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| 651 | 4 | |a África Occidental - Integración económica | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Africa, West |x Economic conditions |y 1960- | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Africa, West |x Economic integration | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Africa, West |x Emigration and immigration | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Africa, West |x Population | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Africa, West |x Social conditions | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Africa, West |x Statistics, Vital | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Bossard, Laurent |4 edt | |
| 775 | 0 | 8 | |i Parallele Sprachausgabe |n französisch |t Atlas régional de l'Afrique de l'Ouest |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804140751663136768 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Summary
...............................................17
Introduction
.............................................19
Part I.
POPULATION AND SETTLEMENT
Chapter
1.
Demographic Trends
............................. 29
1.1.
Major global trends
............................ 29
1.2.
West African demographic behaviour patterns
................ 33
1.3.
Conclusion
............................... 37
Glossary
................................... 38
Sources and bibliography
............................ 38
Chapter
2.
Communicable Diseases
........................... 41
2.1.
Some points of reference
......................... 41
2.2.
Geography of diseases in West Africa
.................... 44
2.3.
Progress and hope
............................ 53
Glossary
................................... 55
Sources and bibliography
............................ 56
Chapter
3.
Languages
.................................. 57
3.1.
West Africa in the African linguistic landscape
................ 57
3.2.
West African diversity
........................... 58
3.3.
Lingua
francas
or common languages
.................... 60
3.4.
Conclusions with respect to the regional integration process
.......... 63
Sources and bibliography
............................ 65
Chapter
4.
Migration
.................................. 67
4.1.
International migration overview: A global view to the African level
....... 67
4.2.
West African migration dynamics
...................... 70
4.3.
Some issues for the future
......................... 76
4.4.
What are the prospects?
.......................... 82
Glossary
................................... 84
Sources and bibliography
............................ 85
Part II.
TERRITORIES
Chapter
5.
Rural Areas and Agricultural Changes
.....................89
5.1.
Changes in the rural environment
.....................90
5.2.
Rural economy and agricultural economy
..................95
5.3.
Some challenges for the future
.......................99
5.4.
Conclusion
...............................104
Sources and bibliography
............................105
Chapter
6.
Transboundary River Basins
.........................109
6.1.
Regional water resources interdependence
..................109
6.2.
Generally under-exploited resources
....................112
6.3.
Diminishing surface water resources
....................113
6.4.
Water, source of tension
..........................114
6.5.
Experiences in joint management
......................116
6.6.
Conclusion
...............................120
Sources and bibliography
............................122
Chapter
7.
Transport
..................................125
7.1.
General survey of West African transport systems
.............. 125
7.2.
The creation of a regional road network
.................. 127
7.3.
On West African roads
........................
12g
7.4.
Ports: The emergence of regional competition
.................130
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2009
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7.5.
The transit of goods
...........................131
7.6.
Rail transport. Private investments and mining prospects
............133
7.7.
The sharp increase in air transport
.....................134
7.8.
Aerial regional integration remains to be achieved
...............138
Sources and bibliography
............................140
Chapter
8.
Telecommunications
.............................143
8.1.
Telephone: The mobile telephone explosion
.................143
8.2.
Internet: Cable s new deal
.........................147
8.3.
Towards a West African economy of new technologies
.............149
Sources and bibliography
............................150
Part III.
ECONOMY
Chapter
9.
Africa and China
...............................153
9.1.
Partners
................................153
9.2.
Current issues
..............................158
9.3.
Future issues
..............................165
Sources and bibliography
............................165
Chapter
10.
Oil and Gas
.................................169
10.1.
The world of oil
.............................169
10.2.
The world of natural gas: LNG opening new possibilities
............172
10.3.
Africa
.................................173
10.4.
West Africa
...............................175
10.5.
Conclusion: Need for regional co-operation?
.................183
Glossary
...................................187
Sources and bibliography
............................188
Chapter
11.
Cotton
...................................191
11.1.
West Africa in the international market
...................191
11.2.
West African cotton
...........................194
11.3.
Regional stakes of development
......................202
11.4.
A doubly regional future
..........................205
Sources and bibliography
............................208
Chapter
12.
Coffee
...................................211
12.1.
Global overview
.............................211
12.2.
International trade
............................215
12.3.
Coffee in West Africa
...........................218
12.4.
Prospects
................................224
Sources and bibliography
............................225
Chapter
13.
Cocoa
...................................227
13.1.
West Africa in the international market
...................227
13.2.
WestAfrican cocoa
............................231
13.3.
Prospects
................................237
Sources and bibliography
............................241
Part IV.
VULNERABILITIES
Chapter
14.
Climate and Climate Change
........................ 245
14.1.
Climate fluctuations in history
...................... 245
14.2.
International awareness
................. 246
14.3.
The African continent and climate
................... 250
14.4.
Vulnerabilities and impacts in West Africa
................ 253
14.5.
Conclusion
...................... 265
Sources and bibliography
................... 267
Chapter
15.
Vulnerability in the Sahelian Zone
................ 269
15.1.
The Sahel and its countries
................. 269
15.2.
Food dependency in Sahelian countries is not increasing
..............270
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15.3.
...But cereal production remains very erratic
.................270
15.4.
The
agropastoral
area: Vulnerability and unpredictability
............271
15.5.
Vegetation and soil problems are not just in the Sahel
.............272
15.6.
Most agricultural and pastoral methods are still traditional
.............277
15.7.
Facing the regional market
.........................283
15.8.
Conclusion
...............................283
Sources and bibliography
............................284
Maps
0.1.
Population density in West Africa
(2000)...................20
0.2.
Expansion of the areas of urban market attractiveness
I960 - 1990 - 2020 .... 24
1.1.
Distribution and evolution of the world population in
2007...........29
1.2.
Evolution of the world urban population
...................31
1.3.
Distribution and evolution of the West African population
...........32
2.1.
Trend forecast for life expectancy at birth between
2000-2005
and
2045-2050 ... 41
2.2.
Infant mortality in Africa
.........................43
2.3.
Incidence rate of confirmed measles cases per
100,000
inhabitants (November
2006) 46
2.4.
Number of malaria cases
.........................49
2.5.
AIDS cases and prevalence in West Africa (adults)
...............50
2.6.
Tuberculosis prevalence (all forms) per
100,000
inhabitants in
2004.......52
3.1.
The major African language families
....................57
3.2.
West African languages spoken by more than one million native speakers in
2005 . 59
3.3.
Common languages
...........................61
4.1.
Number of migrants by continent in
1960
and
2000..............68
4.2.
Number of migrants in Africa
.......................69
4.3.
Major host countries in Europe in
1993...................72
4.4.
Major host countries in Europe in
2000...................73
4.5.
MajorWestAfrican countries of immigration
(1976-1980)...........77
4.6.
MajorWestAfrican countries of immigration
(1988-1992)...........77
4.7.
Movements by West African refugees in
2005.................78
4.8.
Population decline and growth in Europe and Africa
..............80
4.9.
West African migration to Europe and the United States in
2000.........81
4.10.
Maghreb and West African migration
....................82
5.1.
Degree of rurality in West Africa,
1960 - 2020.................89
5.2.
Settlement and agro-climatic conditions
...................91
5.3.
A picture of rural settlement in West Africa
(2005)...............92
5.4.
Production systems in West Africa
.....................94
5.5.
Principal environmental constraints in the coastal area of the Gulf of Guinea
... 94
5.6.
Forest cover in Africa
(2005)........................95
5.7.
Rainfall in West Africa
(1951/75-1976/2000).................96
5.8.
Variation in potential biomass production in West Africa
(1951/1975 - 1976/2000) . 96
5.9.
Cereal and cattle trade in West Africa
....................98
5.10.
Fresh tomato trade between Niger, Nigeria, Benin, Togo and Ghana
........99
5.11.
Palm oil trade in
Sénégambie méridionale..................
100
5.12.
Irrigation intensity in Africa
........................101
6.1.
West African bio-climatic zones
......................110
6.2.
Transboundary watercourses in West Africa
...............
щ
6.3.
Main transboundary aquifer systems in West Africa
............ 112
6.4.
Population densities in West African river basins
..............
ИЗ
6.5.
Large dams in West Africa
.......................
И5
6.6.
Migration of populations with the shrinking of Lake Chad
...........117
6.7.
Bilateral agreement along the Niger River
...............
цд
7.1.
Transport infrastructure in West Africa
(2005)................ 126
7.2.
Main paved or partially improved roads within ECOWAS
............127
7.3.
Practicability of some roads in West Africa
(2005)............. 128
7.4.
Port traffic in West Africa
(2003)
(excluding oil terminals)
............131
7.5.
Transit and re-export corridors in ECOWAS
............... 132
7.6.
Impact of the Ivorian crisis on cotton export corridors
............ 133
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2009
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7.7.
Railway and merchandise transport in West Africa
..............135
7.8.
Existing and planned railways in West Africa
.................136
7.9.
Air traffic in West Africa
..........................137
7.10.
Regional air traffic: Interstate passengers and direct connections
........139
8.1.
Mobile and fixed-line telephone subscribers
.................144
8.2.
GSM coverage in West Africa
(2006).....................145
8.3.
Submarine cables in Africa in
2003.....................146
8.4.
Internet and optical fibre cable
(2003)....................148
9.1.
Foreign direct investment throughout the world
................155
9.2.
Chinese population in selected African countries
...............157
9.3.
Chinese oil importations in
1995
and in
2005.................159
9.4.
Main foreign investments by Chinese oil companies
1995
to
2006........160
9.5.
Destination of African oil exports in
2005..................162
9.6.
Chinese cotton imports in
1994
and in
2004.................164
10.1.
Crude petroleum production, consumption and major inter-regional trade
flows in
2005..............................169
10.2.
Proven reserves of oil and gas at the end of
2005...............171
10.3.
World inter-regional gas trade in
2005....................173
10.4.
Evolution of oil production in Africa
.....................176
10.5.
Main oil and gas fields in West Africa
....................178
10.6.
West African oil exports in
2005......................179
10.7.
Proven oil and gas reserves in Africa at the end of
2005.............180
10.8.
Inter and intra-regional flows of petroleum and petroleum products in
2005. . . .184
10.9.
Oil and gas infrastructure in North and West Africa in
2005...........185
11.1.
Production and consumption of cotton fibres in the world
...........192
11.2.
Main flows of cotton exports in the world
..................193
11.3.
Destination of cotton exports from West Africa
................195
—гїг-
11.4.
Cotton production basins in Africa
.....................197
------- 11.5.
Land suitability for rainfed cotton in Africa
..................198
11.6.
Evolution of cotton-production basins between
1960
and
2000..........200
11.7.
Focus on cotton-producing zones in Burkina
Faso (2001/02)...........201
11.8.
Cotton zones, ginning factories and exports of West Africa
...........203
11.9.
Animal traction and cotton-producing zones in West Africa
...........206
12.1.
World
arabica
and
robusta
production
................ 212
12.2.
World coffee production and consumption
.............. 213
12.3.
World coffee exports
....................... 217
12.4.
Coffee production regions in Africa
................. 220
12.5.
Coffee production regions in West Africa
............... 221
13.1.
Distribution of production zones and main cocoa producing
and consuming countries
............... 228
13.2.
Main world cocoa export flows
............ 230
13.3.
Main cocoa production zones in West Africa
............. 234
13.4.
Growth of new cocoa areas in West Africa
.............. 236
14.1.
Regional contribution to CO2 emissions
(1960-2004
total)
....... 248
14.2.
Africa s climatic zones
.............. 250
14.3.
A conceivable overview of climate change in Africa
......... 252
14.4.
Monsoon cycle in West Africa
........... 254
14.5.
Changes in
pluviometrie
indices in West Africa
......... 256
14.6.
Flow rate of West Africa s main rivers
....... 257
14.7.
Changes in Lake Chad s surface area 0anuary
1999, 2003
and
2007) 258
14.8.
Irrigation and hydroelectricity in the Niger River basin
......... 259
14.9.
Changes in the Fulah ethnic group s migratory corridors between
Niger, Mali, Benin and Nigeria
............. 262
14.10.
Main vulnerable urban centres and coastal regions in West Africa
..... 263
14.11.
Climatic zones favourable to malaria in West Africa
...... 265
15.1.
Rainfall and climate zones
.............. 269
15.2.
Locusts in West Africa
.............. 272
Regional Atlas on West Africa
—
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Table of Contents
15.3.
Soil quality and rural population densities
..................273
15.4.
Change in the length of the vegetation season
(1990/99)............274
15.5.
The Sahel s vulnerable zone
........................275
15.6.
Agricultural production systems in Sahel countries
..............276
15.7.
Main crops in CILSS countries
.......................277
15.8.
Cattle in West Africa
...........................278
15.9.
Population of the vulnerable zone
......................279
15.10.
West Africa s road and urban network
....................280
15.11.
Ratio of cattle to rural population
......................281
15.12.
Main sources of income
..........................282
Diagrams
1.1.
Simplified representation of demographic transition
..............30
1.2.
Demographic transition: Three groups of countries
..............33
13.1.
Typical cocoa chain organisation
......................232
Figures
1.1.
Estimated population of West Africa in
2007
by country
............33
1.2.
Evolution and forecast of the West African population
.............34
1.3.
Changes in the birth, death and population growth rates in West Africa
......34
1.4.
Evolution of the net migration rate by country
1970-1975/2000-2005.......35
1.5.
Evolution of the total fertility rate
1960-1965
and
2005-2010...........35
1.6.
Evolution of life expectancy in the four sub-regions of Sub-Saharan Africa
.... 36
1.7.
Age pyramid,
1950, 2005
and
2050......................37
2.1.
Main causes of mortality in the world and share in Africa in
2002........41
2.2.
Life expectancy at birth for West African men and women
...........42
2.3.
Life expectancy at birth and health-adjusted life expectancy of
_____
West African women
...........................42 13 ■
2.4.
Main causes of death among children under
5
years of age in West Africa
.....44
2.5. 2004
Immunisation coverage
-
ТВ,
diphtheria/tetanus, poliomyelitis and measles
. 44
2.6.
Doctors and nursing personnel per
1,000
inhabitants
.............54
2.7.
Access to safe drinking water and sanitation
.................55
3.1.
Number of languages and number of speakers
................58
4.1.
The
15
major countries of
immigra
tion
in
2000................67
4.2.
Migration from West African countries to
OECD
countries in the 2000s
......70
4.3.
Proportion of migrants in West African countries (in
%).............74
5.1.
Proportion of the agricultural population in West African countries
.......90
5.2.
Percentage of the rural and urban populations with access to an improved
water source
(2002)............................93
5.3.
Percentage of the urban and rural populations with access to improved
sanitation facilities
(2002).........................93
5.4.
Breakdown of West Africa s working population
................97
5.5.
West African calorific balance sheet
(1990 - 2004)...............97
5.6.
Food availability trends in West Africa
....................100
5.7.
West African decentralisation and participation typology
............104
6.1.
Availability of renewable fresh water in West African countries in
2003......109
6.2.
River basins: Interdependence and dependence
................110
6.3.
Trend of rainfall in the Sahel
(1950-2000)..................114
6.4.
Flows of the Niger River in Niamey: Average variation from
1950-2000......114
6.5.
Fluctuation of level of Akosombo Reservoir
.................116
6.6.
Evolution of average flooded areas of Lake Chad
................116
7.1.
Airports hosting more than
100,000
passengers per year
(2003).........
138
7.2.
Principal domestic routes in Nigeria
(2002)..................
13g
8.1.
Evolution of telephone subscribers in West Africa
...............
I43
8.2.
Average expenditure per user in US$
....................
I43
9.1.
Africa s main trading partners
......................
I53
9.2.
Main Chinese imports from Africa in
2005................
I53
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— ISBN 978-92-64-05592-6 — © OECD 2009
Table of Contents
9.3.
Main Chinese exports to Africa in
2005...................154
9.4.
China s oil dependency
1990
to
2030.....................158
9.5.
Origin of Chinese cotton imports
1989
to
2004................163
9.6.
Destination of cotton exports from West African countries in
2004........163
10.1.
Projected oil consumption in
2030.....................170
10.2.
Oil import dependence
..........................171
10.3.
Africa s share in world proven reserves
...................174
10.4.
Geographic breakdown of oil production in Africa
...............175
10.5.
Oil production in West Africa in
2006....................177
10.6.
Crude oil price since
1960.........................181
10.7.
Price composition of petrol in Burkina
Faso..................182
11.1.
Global and West African production of cotton fibre
(1960/61-2008/09)......191
11.2.
Extra-regional export of textiles and garments in
2004.............192
11.3.
Dynamics of world cotton exports
.....................194
11.4.
Cotton production in Africa
........................196
11.5.
Trends in cotton production in West Africa
(1960/61-2008/09)..........199
11.6.
Parallel trends of cotton and grain production in West Africa
..........204
11.7.
Estimated distribution of UEMOA textile market
...............204
11.8.
The cotton industry in West Africa
.....................207
12.1.
World coffee production
..........................211
12.2.
World coffee production trends
.......................211
12.3.
Coffee consumption
...........................214
12.4.
Per capita coffee consumption
.......................214
12.5.
World prices and production
........................215
12.6.
Global market prices and farm gate prices paid of producers
..........216
12.7.
Types of coffee exported
..........................218
12.8.
Coffee production in Africa
(2000-04
average)
.................219
—— 12.9.
Production distribution in West Africa
....................219
12.10.
African and West African production trends
.................219
12.11.
Production by country in West Africa
....................222
13.1.
Production trends
(1960-2005).......................227
13.2.
Cocoa market price trends
.........................231
13.3.
Production, consumption (grinding) and stock trends
.............232
13.4.
Cocoa production trends in West Africa
(1960 - 2005).............233
13.5.
Cocoa production trends in Ghana and
Côte d Ivoire..............
237
13.6.
Cocoa production trends in Indonesia and Malaysia
..............237
13.7.
Plantation ageing trends in
Côte d Ivoire...................
238
14.1.
Temperature trends over the last
20,000
years
................245
14.2.
Main causes of climate change and their time scale
..............246
14.3.
Agricultural potential prospects in the world
.................253
14.4.
Mean temperature trends (minimum and maximum) in the CILSS area
......255
14.5.
Poor performance of climate models in the Sahel region
............255
14.6a.Impact of climate change on millet/sorghum cereal yields
in Niger and Burkina
Faso.........................261
14.6b.Percentage change in rainfed rice yields
...................261
14.6c. Percentage change in irrigated rice yields
..................261
15.1.
Cereal production in CILSS countries
................... 270
15.2.
Food aid to CILSS countries
........................271
15.3.
CILSS: Coastal countries
..........................271
15.4.
CILSS: Landlocked countries
........................271
15.5.
Breakdown of agricultural production in the Sahel s vulnerable zone
...... 277
Tables
0.1.
Surface areas and population of West African countries
............ 22
1.1.
Fertility and contraception in Kenya and Ghana
............... 35
2.1.
Number of poliomyelitis cases in West Africa
.............. 45
2.2.
New
tripanosomiasis
cases detected in
2004
in West Africa
.......... 47
3.1.
The status of languages in ECOWAS member countries
............ 64
Regional Atlas on West Africa
—
ISBN
978-Э2-64-05592-6
— © OECD 2009
Table of Contents
4.1.
Major
OECD
host countries (excluding Germany) in the 2000s (in thousands)
... 71
5.1.
Rural and urban poverty (as percentage of total population)
..........90
5.2.
Land use in West Africa
(1961 -2002)....................91
5.3.
Contribution of agriculture, livestock farming, forestry and fishing
to the agricultural sector in some West African countries
...........97
5.4.
Use of fertilisers and tractors around the world
................99
5.5.
Growth in agricultural crop production and yields in West Africa
........102
6.1.
Transboundary watercourse basin organisations concerning West
African countries
............................117
7.1.
Frequency of checkpoints on some transport routes
(1999-2000).........130
9.1.
Chinese trade with African sub-regions (average
1993-2004)..........154
9.2.
Oil and cotton in Chinese imports from Africa
(2004).............154
9.3.
China s position in African foreign trade between
2000
and
2005........154
9.4.
China s approved FDI outflows, by region
..................156
9.5.
Chinese foreign direct investments in selected African countries
(2002).....156
10.1.
Top
10
oil consumers, importers and exporters in
2005
(in million barrels
per day and
%
of world total)
.......................170
10.2.
Top
10
gas consumers, importers and exporters in
2005
(in billion
cubic meters and
%
of world total)
.....................172
10.3.
Oil and gas exports in
2005
in million US$
..................181
10.4.
Oil intensity of selected countries in
2005..................182
11.1.
Macroeconomic
importance of cotton in West Africa
.............202
11.2.
List of industrial units involved in the cotton sector in West Africa
(2006
or the most recent year)
.......................207
12.1.
Coffee introduction dates in West Africa
...................218
12.2.
Share of coffee in West Africa s agricultural exports (million of USD)
.......222
13.1.
Cocoa acreage trends in West Africa from
1960
to
2004............239
14.1.
The world s ten biggest CO2 contributors
..................249 -------
14.2.
Lake Chad s surface areas
(1998-2007
average)
................258
14.3.
Vulnerable coastal areas and current property value threatened areas
......264
14.4.
Changes in mangrove swamps in West Africa
................264
15.1.
Average annual variation in cereal availability
................272
Boxes
0.1.
Surface area of Africa: Perception and reality
................. 21
2.1.
Vaccination: Remarkable progress
..................... 45
2.2.
The global fund to fight AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria
............ 48
2.3.
Tradipractitioners
............................ 53
4.1.
Skilled migration opportunities: Ghanaian doctors at the bedside
of English and American patients
.....................74
4.2.
Will measures to restrict immigration to developed countries have
any impacts on mobility within the West African region? The case of Senegal
... 83
4.3.
Migrant remittances and
ODA in
West Africa per capita in
1995
(in dollars)
.... 83
6.1.
Typology of basin organisations
......................118
6.2.
International standards on the management of transboundary basins
......
121
7.1.
Toll roads as expensive as in Europe
....................130
10.1.
Natural gas
..............................172
10.2.
LNG
..................................173
10.3.
Intra-regional flows
...........................133
10.4.
The West African gas pipeline
.......................186
11.1.
Cotton: A long journey from India
.....................196
11.2.
Cotton sectors in the Francophone zone before liberalisation
..........199
11.3.
The Sikasso region in Mali: From cash crop agriculture
to commercial agriculture
.........................205
12.1.
Constraints linked to rising production
...................212
12.2.
International market: Specialty coffees and bulk coffees
............216
12.3.
A fairly new crop for Africa
........................218
12.4.
The sector in
Côte d Ivoire........................
223
Regional Atlas on West Africa
—
ISBN
978-92-64-05592-6 — ©
OECD
2009
Table of Contents
13.1.
The history of chocolate
.........................229
13.2.
Cocoa uses
...............................229
13.3.
Cocoa s long journey from the Americas
...................235
13.4.
The liberalisation of the cocoa sector in
Côte d Ivoire
and its consequences
.... 238
13.5.
Exploitation of child labour on plantations
.................239
14.1.
Greenhouse gases
............................246
14.2.
Global warming sceptics
.........................247
14.3.
Reliability of climate models
.......................249
14.4.
Climate change and destructive crop pests
.................260
14.5.
Rift valley fever
.............................264
-16
Regional Atlas on West Africa
—
ISBN
978-92-64-05592-6 — ©
OECD
2009
|
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| author2 | Bossard, Laurent |
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| geographic | África Occidental - Integración económica Africa, West Economic conditions 1960- Africa, West Economic integration Africa, West Emigration and immigration Africa, West Population Africa, West Social conditions Africa, West Statistics, Vital Westafrika (DE-588)4079203-1 gnd |
| geographic_facet | África Occidental - Integración económica Africa, West Economic conditions 1960- Africa, West Economic integration Africa, West Emigration and immigration Africa, West Population Africa, West Social conditions Africa, West Statistics, Vital Westafrika |
| id | DE-604.BV035804287 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:04:57Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789264055926 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018663361 |
| oclc_num | 427609079 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-945 DE-188 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-945 DE-188 |
| physical | 284 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | OECD |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | West African studies |
| spelling | Regional atlas on West Africa ed. by Laurent Bossard Paris [u.a.] OECD 2009 284 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier West African studies Auch als Online-Ressource: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264056763-en Recent global changes have placed regional integration at the center of Africa's political and economic agenda. This atlas, containing maps, statistics and analyses, describes the West African region, its population, settlement, territories, its economy and its vulnerabilities. It analyzes the developments and the ways in which West Africa is conforming to a constantly changing global environment. The atlas also identifies the medium- and long-term trends and provides elements for strategic thinking on the future.--Publisher's description. Migration Wirtschaft Regionalwirtschaft (DE-588)4239568-9 gnd rswk-swf Regionalentwicklung (DE-588)4076605-6 gnd rswk-swf África Occidental - Integración económica Africa, West Economic conditions 1960- Africa, West Economic integration Africa, West Emigration and immigration Africa, West Population Africa, West Social conditions Africa, West Statistics, Vital Westafrika (DE-588)4079203-1 gnd rswk-swf Westafrika (DE-588)4079203-1 g Regionalentwicklung (DE-588)4076605-6 s Regionalwirtschaft (DE-588)4239568-9 s b DE-604 Bossard, Laurent edt Parallele Sprachausgabe französisch Atlas régional de l'Afrique de l'Ouest Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018663361&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Regional atlas on West Africa Migration Wirtschaft Regionalwirtschaft (DE-588)4239568-9 gnd Regionalentwicklung (DE-588)4076605-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4239568-9 (DE-588)4076605-6 (DE-588)4079203-1 |
| title | Regional atlas on West Africa |
| title_auth | Regional atlas on West Africa |
| title_exact_search | Regional atlas on West Africa |
| title_full | Regional atlas on West Africa ed. by Laurent Bossard |
| title_fullStr | Regional atlas on West Africa ed. by Laurent Bossard |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regional atlas on West Africa ed. by Laurent Bossard |
| title_short | Regional atlas on West Africa |
| title_sort | regional atlas on west africa |
| topic | Migration Wirtschaft Regionalwirtschaft (DE-588)4239568-9 gnd Regionalentwicklung (DE-588)4076605-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Migration Wirtschaft Regionalwirtschaft Regionalentwicklung África Occidental - Integración económica Africa, West Economic conditions 1960- Africa, West Economic integration Africa, West Emigration and immigration Africa, West Population Africa, West Social conditions Africa, West Statistics, Vital Westafrika |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018663361&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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