Confronting the shadow education system: what government policies for what private tutoring?
This book focuses on the so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. In parts of East Asia it has long existed on a large scale and it is now becoming increasingly evident in other parts of Asia and in Africa, Europe and North America. Pupils commonly receive fee-free educat...
Gespeichert in:
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Paris
Internat. Inst. for Educational Planning
2009
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Zusammenfassung: | This book focuses on the so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. In parts of East Asia it has long existed on a large scale and it is now becoming increasingly evident in other parts of Asia and in Africa, Europe and North America. Pupils commonly receive fee-free education in public schools and then at the end of the day and/or during week-ends and vacations supplementary tutoring in the same subjects on a fee-paying basis. Supplementary private tutoring can have positive dimensions. It helps students to cover the curriculum, provides a structured occupation for pupils outside school hours, and provides incomes for the tutors. However, tutoring may also have negative dimensions. If left to market forces, tutoring is likely to maintain and increase social inequalities, and it can create excessive pressure for young people who have inadequate time for non-academic activities. Especially problematic are situations in which school teachers provide extra tutoring in exchange for fees from their regular pupils. This book begins by surveying the scale, nature and implications of the shadow education system in a range of settings. It then identifies possible government responses to the phenomenon and encourages a proactive approach to designing appropriate policies.--Publisher's description Educational policy; Individualized instruction; Private education; Tutorin |
| Beschreibung: | 132 S. |
| ISBN: | 9789280313338 |
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| 520 | 3 | |a This book focuses on the so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. In parts of East Asia it has long existed on a large scale and it is now becoming increasingly evident in other parts of Asia and in Africa, Europe and North America. Pupils commonly receive fee-free education in public schools and then at the end of the day and/or during week-ends and vacations supplementary tutoring in the same subjects on a fee-paying basis. Supplementary private tutoring can have positive dimensions. It helps students to cover the curriculum, provides a structured occupation for pupils outside school hours, and provides incomes for the tutors. However, tutoring may also have negative dimensions. If left to market forces, tutoring is likely to maintain and increase social inequalities, and it can create excessive pressure for young people who have inadequate time for non-academic activities. Especially problematic are situations in which school teachers provide extra tutoring in exchange for fees from their regular pupils. This book begins by surveying the scale, nature and implications of the shadow education system in a range of settings. It then identifies possible government responses to the phenomenon and encourages a proactive approach to designing appropriate policies.--Publisher's description | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgements
6
List of abbreviations
7
List of tables
9
List of boxes
10
1.
Introduction
11
The metaphor of the shadow
13
Structure of the book
14
2.
Diagnosis
17
Scale, intensity and mode
17
Economic, social and educational impact
30
Three case studies
47
3.
Policy responses
71
Mapping contexts, objectives and stractures
71
Addressing the demand for tutoring
75
Addressing the supply of tutoring
79
Harnessing the market
84
Improving regulatory structures
87
4.
Monitoring and evaluation
93
National and local feedback loops
93
International benchmarking
97
5.
Conclusions
101
Noting the trends
101
Learning from the shadow
104
References
109
Index
127
|
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| isbn | 9789280313338 |
| language | English |
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| spelling | Bray, Mark Verfasser aut Confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring? Mark Bray Paris Internat. Inst. for Educational Planning 2009 132 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier This book focuses on the so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring. In parts of East Asia it has long existed on a large scale and it is now becoming increasingly evident in other parts of Asia and in Africa, Europe and North America. Pupils commonly receive fee-free education in public schools and then at the end of the day and/or during week-ends and vacations supplementary tutoring in the same subjects on a fee-paying basis. Supplementary private tutoring can have positive dimensions. It helps students to cover the curriculum, provides a structured occupation for pupils outside school hours, and provides incomes for the tutors. However, tutoring may also have negative dimensions. If left to market forces, tutoring is likely to maintain and increase social inequalities, and it can create excessive pressure for young people who have inadequate time for non-academic activities. Especially problematic are situations in which school teachers provide extra tutoring in exchange for fees from their regular pupils. This book begins by surveying the scale, nature and implications of the shadow education system in a range of settings. It then identifies possible government responses to the phenomenon and encourages a proactive approach to designing appropriate policies.--Publisher's description Educational policy; Individualized instruction; Private education; Tutorin Politik Education and state Tutors and tutoring Government policy Tutor (DE-588)4186500-5 gnd rswk-swf Bildungswesen (DE-588)4006681-2 gnd rswk-swf Privatinitiative (DE-588)4373717-1 gnd rswk-swf Bildungswesen (DE-588)4006681-2 s Privatinitiative (DE-588)4373717-1 s Tutor (DE-588)4186500-5 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018655041&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bray, Mark Confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring? Politik Education and state Tutors and tutoring Government policy Tutor (DE-588)4186500-5 gnd Bildungswesen (DE-588)4006681-2 gnd Privatinitiative (DE-588)4373717-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4186500-5 (DE-588)4006681-2 (DE-588)4373717-1 |
| title | Confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring? |
| title_auth | Confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring? |
| title_exact_search | Confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring? |
| title_full | Confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring? Mark Bray |
| title_fullStr | Confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring? Mark Bray |
| title_full_unstemmed | Confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring? Mark Bray |
| title_short | Confronting the shadow education system |
| title_sort | confronting the shadow education system what government policies for what private tutoring |
| title_sub | what government policies for what private tutoring? |
| topic | Politik Education and state Tutors and tutoring Government policy Tutor (DE-588)4186500-5 gnd Bildungswesen (DE-588)4006681-2 gnd Privatinitiative (DE-588)4373717-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Politik Education and state Tutors and tutoring Government policy Tutor Bildungswesen Privatinitiative |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018655041&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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