Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops:
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Dordrecht
Springer
2009
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. Aufl. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 431 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 235 mm x 155 mm |
| ISBN: | 9789048125319 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804140724333051904 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Titel: Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops
Autor: Sonneveld, Cees
Jahr: 2009
Contents
Definitions .................................. xi
List of Permissions.............................. xiii
1 Greenhouse Horticulture........................ 1
1.1 Introduction............................ 1
1.2 Fertilization in Greenhouse Industry............... 3
1.3 Nutrient Uptake.......................... 4
1.4 Fertilization Programmes..................... 6
1.5 Development of Greenhouse Horticulture............ 8
References................................ 11
2 Fertilizers and Soil Improvers..................... 13
2.1 Introduction............................ 13
2.2 Fertilizers............................. 14
2.2.1 N fertilizers....................... 15
2.2.2 P fertilizers ....................... 16
2.2.3 K fertilizers....................... 17
2.2.4 Mg fertilizers...................... 17
2.2.5 Ca fertilizers....................... 18
2.2.6 Micro Nutrients..................... 19
2.2.7 Si fertilizers....................... 19
2.2.8 Other Elements..................... 20
2.2.9 Compound Fertilizers.................. 20
2.2.10 Slow Release Fertilizers................. 21
2.2.11 Organic Fertilizers ................... 22
2.3 Soil Improvers.......................... 24
2.3.1 Organic Matter and Physical Characteristics
of Greenhouse Soils................... 24
2.3.2 Soil Improvers...................... 26
2.3.3 Contamination...................... 29
References................................ 31
3 Soil Solution............................... 33
3.1 Introduction............................ 33
vi Contents
3.2 Osmotic Potentials of Soil Solutions............... 34
3.3 Moisture Contents........................ 37
3.3.1 Greenhouse Soils In Situ................ 38
3.3.2 Substrates........................ 39
3.4 Changes in the Chemical Composition.............. 42
3.5 Soil Solution and Uptake of Major Nutrients .......... 44
3.6 Soil Solution and Uptake of Micro Nutrients .......... 48
References................................ 50
4 Soil and Substrate Testing to Estimate Nutrient Availability
and Salinity Status........................... 53
4.1 Introduction............................ 53
4.2 Specific 1:2 by Volume Water Extract.............. 55
4.3 Saturation Extract......................... 58
4.4 Water Extracts Based on Weight Ratios............. 59
4.5 l:l /2 Volume Water Extract................... 60
4.6 1:5 Volume Water Extract.................... 62
4.7 Extraction of Pre-shaped Substrate by Water .......... 63
4.8 Soil and Substrate Solution.................... 64
4.9 Saturated Gypsum Solutions................... 65
4.10 CAT Extraction.......................... 66
4.11 Exchangeable Cations...................... 67
4.12 Phosphorus............................ 68
4.13 pH................................. 69
4.14 Sampling............................. 70
4.15 Accuracy of Soil Testing..................... 74
4.16 Applications.......................... . 78
References................................ 79
5 Tissue Tests............................... 83
5.1 Introduction............................ 83
5.2 Distribution of Minerals Within Plants.............. 85
5.3 Sampling............................. 88
5.4 Pre-treatment and Extraction................... 91
5.5 Interpretation........................... 93
5.6 Symptoms of Nutrient Disorders................. 96
References................................ 98
6 Water Uptake and Water Supply................... 103
6.1 Introduction............................ 103
6.2 Water Uptake by Plants...................... 104
6.3 Variations of Uptake and Supply................. 109
6.4 Water Quality........................... 113
6.5 WaterSupply........................... 121
References................................ 123
7 Salinity and Water Quality ...................... 127
7.1 Introduction............................ 127
Contents vii
7.2 Salinity Models.......................... 129
7.3 Osmotic Effects.......................... 132
7.4 Specific Salinity Effects..................... 135
7.5 Mineral Absorption........................ 139
7.6 Interpretation........................... 141
7.7 Fertilization and Salinity..................... 143
7.8 Water Quality........................... 144
7.9 Dealing with Salinity....................... 149
References................................ 152
8 Crop Response to an Unequal Distribution of Ions in Space
and Time ................................ 159
8.1 Introduction............................ 159
8.2 Salinity Stress Response on Spatial Variations.......... 160
8.3 Stress Response to Variation of Salinity in Time......... 164
8.4 Nutrient Uptake and Spatial Variations.............. 167
8.5 Problems and Possibilities.................... 169
References................................ 171
9 Calcium Nutrition and Climatic Conditions............. 173
9.1 Introduction............................ 173
9.2 Ca Disorders in Greenhouse Crops................ 174
9.3 Required Ca Concentrations in Plant Tissues.......... 182
9.4 Effects of Climate ........................ 186
9.5 Effects of Cultivars........................ 192
9.6 Ca Sprays............................. 192
9.7 Reasons of Ca Deficiency .................... 194
9.8 Choose Between Two Evils ................... 195
References................................ 198
10 Chemical Effects of Disinfestation................... 203
10.1 Introduction............................ 203
10.2 General Effects of Steam Sterilisation.............. 204
10.3 Steam Sterilisation and Mn Availability............. 205
10.4 Mn Uptake and Steam Sterilisation ............... 209
10.4.1 Soil Testing Methods.................. 212
10.5 Steam Sterilisation and N Status................. 213
10.6 Effects of N Form on Crop Development............ 216
10.7 Release of Br........................... 218
10.8 Organic Matter.......................... 219
10.9 Pasteurization........................... 220
10.10 Substrate Growing........................ 221
References................................ 223
11 Substrates: Chemical Characteristics and Preparation....... 227
11.1 Introduction............................ 227
11.2 Physical Conditions ....................... 227
viii Contents
11.3 Chemical Conditions....................... 230
11.4 Preparation of Substrates..................... 234
11.4.1 pH Adjustment..................... 236
11.4.2 Macro Elements..................... 240
11.4.3 Micro Nutrients..................... 245
11.5 Safety............................... 250
References................................ 252
12 Nutrient Solutions for Soilless Cultures................ 257
12.1 Introduction............................ 257
12.2 Characteristics of Nutrient Solutions............... 258
12.3 Nutrient Solutions for Different Crops and Development Stage . 261
12.4 Water Quality........................... 264
12.5 Adjustments ........................... 265
12.6 Fertilizers............................. 266
12.7 Algorithm............................. 270
References................................ 274
13 Nutrient Management in Substrate Systems............. 277
13.1 Introduction............................ 277
13.2 Technical Equipment of the Growing Systems.......... 278
13.3 Fertilization at Start........................ 285
13.4 Nutrient Management During Crop Growth........... 287
13.4.1 pH Control ....................... 287
13.4.2 Control of the EC.................... 293
13.4.3 Mutual Ratios of Major Elements............ 295
13.4.4 Micro Nutrient Concentrations............. 299
13.5 Interpretation of Analytical Data................. 304
References................................ 309
14 Fertigation Management of Potted Plants.............. 313
14.1 Introduction............................ 313
14.2 Classification........................... 315
14.3 Potting Media........................... 316
14.4 EC Control............................ 317
14.4.1 EC Base Dressing.................... 318
14.4.2 EC Top Dressing.................... 318
14.5 pH Management......................... 323
14.6 Nutrients............................. 326
14.7 Nutrient Management ...................... 329
14.8 Environmental Aspects...................... 335
14.9 Special Aspects.......................... 337
14.10 Plant Propagation......................... 338
References................................ 341
15 Fertigation in Soil Grown Crops ................... 345
15.1 Introduction............................ 345
15.2 Technical Equipment....................... 346
Contents ix
15.3 Fertilizers and Addition ..................... 348
15.4 Leaf Damage........................... 350
15.5 Irrigation Systems........................ 351
15.6 Nutrient Distribution and Irrigation Systems........... 352
15.7 The Use of NH4 and NH2 Fertilizers............... 354
15.8 Concentrations.......................... 356
15.9 Use of Tissue Tests........................ 359
References................................ 360
16 Nutrient Management of Soil Grown Crops............. 363
16.1 Introduction............................ 363
16.2 pH................................. 364
16.3 Flooding ............................. 366
16.4 Base Dressings with Nutrients.................. 368
16.4.1 Nitrogen......................... 368
16.4.2 Phosphorus....................... 369
16.4.3 Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium.......... 374
16.4.4 Addition of the Base Dressing............. 376
16.5 Top Dressings........................... 378
16.6 Environmental Control...................... 381
16.6.1 Heavy Metals...................... 387
References................................ 388
17 Plant Nutrition in Future Greenhouse Production.......... 393
17.1 Introduction.............................393
17.2 Water Requirements....................... 394
17.3 Requirements of Minerals.................... 396
17.3.1 Mineral Requirements of Crops............. 396
17.3.2 Availability of Minerals................. 397
17.3.3 Developments...................... 398
17.4 Future Plant Nutrition Research................. 400
References................................ 402
Appendix A Rounded Atomic Weights................... 405
Appendix B Guide Values for Tissue Analysis of Vegetables and
Flower Crops.............................. 407
Appendix C Nutrient Solutions for Different Vegetable and Cut
Flower Crops.............................. 411
Appendix D Nutrient Solutions and Guide Values for the 1:1
Extract Recommended for Potted Plants............... 415
Appendix E Guide Values for Soil Grown Crops............. 421
Index..................................... 423
|
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| discipline | Agrarwissenschaft Agrar-/Forst-/Ernährungs-/Haushaltswissenschaft / Gartenbau Gartenbau Pflanzenbau |
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| spelling | Sonneveld, Cees 1934- Verfasser (DE-588)139476520 aut Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops Cees Sonneveld ; Wim Voogt 1. Aufl. Dordrecht Springer 2009 XV, 431 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 235 mm x 155 mm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Greenhouse plants Nutrition Plants Nutrition Gewächshauspflanzen (DE-588)4157226-9 gnd rswk-swf Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 gnd rswk-swf Gewächshauspflanzen (DE-588)4157226-9 s Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 s DE-604 Voogt, Wim Verfasser aut HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018645520&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Sonneveld, Cees 1934- Voogt, Wim Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops Greenhouse plants Nutrition Plants Nutrition Gewächshauspflanzen (DE-588)4157226-9 gnd Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4157226-9 (DE-588)4133962-9 |
| title | Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops |
| title_auth | Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops |
| title_exact_search | Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops |
| title_full | Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops Cees Sonneveld ; Wim Voogt |
| title_fullStr | Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops Cees Sonneveld ; Wim Voogt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops Cees Sonneveld ; Wim Voogt |
| title_short | Plant nutrition of greenhouse crops |
| title_sort | plant nutrition of greenhouse crops |
| topic | Greenhouse plants Nutrition Plants Nutrition Gewächshauspflanzen (DE-588)4157226-9 gnd Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Greenhouse plants Nutrition Plants Nutrition Gewächshauspflanzen Pflanzenernährung |
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