Atomic and electronic structure of solids:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge Univ. Press
2007
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ., transferred to digital print. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 676 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780521810104 9780521523394 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Atomic and electronic structure of solids |c Efthimios Kaxiras |
| 250 | |a 1. publ., transferred to digital print. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge [u.a.] |b Cambridge Univ. Press |c 2007 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 676 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Atomic structure | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018628820 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804140697675104256 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Preface
page
xv
Acknowledgments
xix
I Crystalline solids
1
1
Atomic structure of crystals
4
1.1
Building crystals from atoms
5
1.1.1
Atoms with no valence electrons
7
1.1.2
Atoms with
5
valence electrons
13
1.1.3
Atoms with
s
and
ρ
valence electrons
15
1.1.4
Atoms with
s
and
d
valence electrons
24
і
. 1.5
Atoms with
s, d
and
ƒ
valence electrons
24
1.1.6
Solids with two types of atoms
25
1.1.7
Hydrogen: a special one-s-valence-electron atom
27
1.1.8
Solids with many types of atoms
29
1.2
Bonding in solids
32
Further reading
36
Problems
37
2
The single-particle approximation
42
2.1
The hami¡Ionian of the solid
42
2.2
The
Hartree
and Hartree-Fock approximations
44
2.2.1
The
Hartree
approximation
44
2.2.2
Exampie
of a variationai calculation
46
2.2.3
The Hartree-Fock approximation
47
2.3
Hartree-Fock theory of free electrons
49
2.4
The hydrogen molecule
54
2.5
Density Functional Theory
58
vii
viii Contents
2.6
Electrons as quasiparticles
65
2.6.1
Quasiparticles and collective excitations
68
2.6.2
Thomas-Fermi screening
69
2.7
The ionic potential
72
Further reading
78
Problems
78
3
Electrons in crystal potential
82
3.1
Periodicity
-
Bloch states
82
3.2
k-space
-
Brillouin zones
87
3.3
Dynamics of crystal electrons
94
3.4
Crystal electrons in an electric field
97
3.5
Crystal symmetries beyond periodicity
101
3.6
Groups and symmetry operators
104
3.7
Symmetries of the band structure
105
3.8
Symmetries of
3D
crystals
111
3.9
Special k-points
117
Further reading
119
Problems
120
4
Band structure of crystals
121
4.1
The tight-binding approximation
121
4.1.1
Example:
1
D
linear chain with
s
or
ρ
orbitais
125
4.1.2
Example: 2D square lattice with
s
and
ρ
orbitais
129
4.1.3
Generalizations of the TBA
136
4.2
General band-structure methods
140
4.3
Band structure of representative solids
145
4.3.1
A 2D solid: graphite
-
a semimetal
145
4.3.2 3D
covalent solids: semiconductors and
insulators
148
4.3.3 3D
metallic solids
153
Further reading
157
Problems
157
5
Applications of band theory
160
5.1
Density of states
160
5.2
Tunneling at metal-semiconductor contact
165
5.3
Optical excitations
167
5.4
Conductivity and dielectric function
169
Contents ix
5.5
Excitons
177
5.6
Energetics and dynamics
185
5.6.1
The total energy 1
86
5.6.2
Forces and dynamics
194
Further reading
200
Problems
201
6
Lattice vibrations
203
6.1
Phonon modes
203
6.2
The force-constant model
207
6.2.1
Example: phonons in 2D periodic chain
209
6.2.2
Phonons in a
3D
crystal
213
6.3
Phonons as harmonic oscillators
216
6.4
Application: the specific heat of crystals
218
6.4.1
The classical picture
218
6.4.2
The quantum mechanical picture
219
6.4.3
The Debye model
221
6.4.4
Thermal expansion coefficient
225
6.5
Application: phonon scattering
227
6.5.1
Phonon scattering processes
228
6.5.2
The Debye-Waller factor
232
6.5.3
The Mossbauer effect
234
Problems
237
7
Magnetic behavior of solids
238
7.1
Magnetic behavior of insulators
239
7.2
Magnetic behavior of metals
246
7.2.1
Magnetization in Hartree-Fock free-electron
gas
247
7.2.2
Magnetization of band electrons
251
7.3 Heisenberg
spin model
254
7.3.1
Ground state of the
Heisenberg
ferromagnet
255
7.3.2
Spin waves in the
Heisenberg
ferromagnet
258
7.3.3 Heisenberg
antiferromagnetic spin model
262
7.4
Magnetic order in real materials
265
7.5
Crystal electrons in an external magnetic field
268
7.5.1
de Haas-van Alphen
effect
270
7.5.2
Classical and quantum Hall effects
273
Further reading
279
Problems
279
c
Contents
8
Superconductivity
282
8.1
Overview of superconducting behavior
282
8.2
Thermodynamics of the superconducting transition
289
8.3
BCS theory of superconductivity
293
8.3.1
Cooper pairing
293
8.3.2
BCS ground state
297
8.3.3
BCS theory at finite temperature
307
8.3.4
The McMillan formula for
7; 308
8.4
High-temperature superconductors
310
Further reading
312
Problems
312
II Defects, non-crystalline solids and finite structures
315
10
Defects I: point defects
317
9.1
Intrinsic point defects
317
9.1.1
Energetics and electronic levels
317
9.1.2
Defect-mediated diffusion
320
9.2
Extrinsic point defects
325
9.2.1
Impurity states in semiconductors
325
9.2.2
Effect of doping in semiconductors
331
9.2.3
The
p
-η
junction
338
9.2.4
Metal-semiconductor junction
345
Further reading
347
Problems
348
Defects II: line defects
350
10.1
Nature of dislocations
350
10.2
Elastic properties and motion of dislocations
355
10.2.1
Stress and strain fields
356
10.2.2
Elastic energy
360
10.2.3
Peierls-Nabarro model
365
10.3
Brittle versus ductile behavior
370
10.3.1
Stress and strain under external load
371
10.3.2
Brittle fracture
-
Griffith criterion
374
10.3.3
Ductile response
-
Rice criterion
376
10.3.4
Dislocation-defect interactions
378
Further reading
381
Problems
382
Contents xi
11
Defects III: surfaces and interfaces
385
11.1
Experimental study of surfaces
386
11.2
Surface reconstruction
394
11.2.1
Dimerization: the SKOOl) surface
398
11.2.2
Relaxation: the GaAs(
110)
surface
400
11.2.3 Adatoms
and passivation: the Si(
111 )
surface
403
11.3
Growth phenomena
408
11.4
Interfaces
419
11.4.1
Grain boundaries
419
11.4.2
Hetero-interfaces
421
Further reading
427
Problems
428
12
Non-crystalline solids
430
12.1
Quasicrystals
430
12.2
Amorphous solids
436
12.2.1
Continuous random network
437
12.2.2
Radial distribution function
440
12.2.3
Electron localization due to disorder
443
12.3
Polymers
447
12.3.1
Structure of polymer chains and solids
448
12.3.2
The glass and rubber states
451
Further reading
456
Problems
457
13
Finite structures
459
13.1
Clusters
460
13.1.1
Metallic clusters
460
13.1.2
Carbon clusters
462
13.
1
.3
Carbon nanotubes
476
13.1.4
Other covalent and mixed clusters
481
13.2
Biological molecules and structures
483
13.2.1
The structure of
DNA
and
RNA
484
13.2.2
The structure of proteins
498
13.2.3
Relationship between
DNA, RNA
and
proteins
504
13.2.4
Protein structure and function
509
Further reading
510
Problems
510
xii Contents
III Appendices
513
Appendix A Elements of classical electrodynamics
515
A.I Electrostatics and magnetostatics
515
A.2 Fields in polarizable matter
518
A.3 Electrodynamics
520
A.4 Electromagnetic radiation
524
Further reading
529
Appendix
В
Elements of quantum mechanics
530
B.I The
Schrödinger
equation
530
B.2 Bras,
kets
and operators
533
B.3 Solution of the
TISE
539
B.3.1 Free particles
539
B.3.2 Harmonic oscillator potential
540
B.3.3 Coulomb potential
543
B.4 Spin angular momentum
549
B.5 Stationary perturbation theory
554
В
.5.1
Non-degenerate perturbation
theory
554
B.5.
2
Degenerate perturbation theory
556
B.6 Time-dependent perturbation theory
557
B.7 The electromagnetic field term
559
Further reading
560
Problems
560
Appendix
С
Elements of thermodynamics
564
C.I The laws of thermodynamics
564
C.2 Thermodynamic potentials
567
C.3 Application: phase transitions
570
Problems
578
Appendix
D
Elements of statistical mechanics
579
D.
1
Average occupation numbers
580
D.
1.1
Classical Maxwell-Boltzmann
statistics
580
D.
1.2
Quantum Fermi-Dirac statistics
582
D.
1.3
Quantum Bose-Einstein statistics
583
D.2 Ensemble theory
584
D.2.1 Definition of ensembles
585
D.2.2 Derivation of thermodynamics
589
Contents xiii
D.3 Applications
of
ensemble
theory
591
D.3.1 Equipartition and the Virial
591
D.3.2 Idea! gases
592
D.3.3 Spins in an external magnetic field
603
Further reading
617
Problems
617
Appendix
E
Elements of elasticity theory
622
E.
1
The strain tensor
622
E.2 The stress tensor
624
E.3 Stress-strain relations
626
E.4 Strain energy density
627
E.5 Applications of elasticity theory
629
E.5.1
Isotropie
elastic solid
629
E.5.2 Plane strain
632
E.5.3 Solid with cubic symmetry
634
Further reading
636
Problems
636
Appendix
F
The Madelung energy
638
F.
1
Potential of
a gaussian
function
639
F.2 The
Ewald
method
640
Problems
642
Appendix
G
Mathematical tools
644
G.I Differential operators
644
G.2 Power series expansions
646
G.3 Functional derivatives
648
G.4 Fourier and inverse Fourier transforms
649
G,5 The ¿-function and its Fourier transform
650
G.5.1 The
á-function
and the
ö-funetion 650
G.5.2 Fourier transform of the ¿-function
654
G.5.3 The
б
-function
sums for crystals
654
G.6 Normalized gaussians
655
Appendix
H
Nobel prize citations
657
Appendix I Units and symbols
659
References
660
Index
667
|
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| id | DE-604.BV035769088 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T22:04:06Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780521810104 9780521523394 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-018628820 |
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| owner_facet | DE-29T DE-355 DE-BY-UBR |
| physical | XX, 676 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
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| spelling | Kaxiras, Efthimios Verfasser aut Atomic and electronic structure of solids Efthimios Kaxiras 1. publ., transferred to digital print. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge Univ. Press 2007 XX, 676 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Atomic structure Solid-state physics Solids Festkörpertheorie (DE-588)4154189-3 gnd rswk-swf Festkörpertheorie (DE-588)4154189-3 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018628820&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Kaxiras, Efthimios Atomic and electronic structure of solids Atomic structure Solid-state physics Solids Festkörpertheorie (DE-588)4154189-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4154189-3 |
| title | Atomic and electronic structure of solids |
| title_auth | Atomic and electronic structure of solids |
| title_exact_search | Atomic and electronic structure of solids |
| title_full | Atomic and electronic structure of solids Efthimios Kaxiras |
| title_fullStr | Atomic and electronic structure of solids Efthimios Kaxiras |
| title_full_unstemmed | Atomic and electronic structure of solids Efthimios Kaxiras |
| title_short | Atomic and electronic structure of solids |
| title_sort | atomic and electronic structure of solids |
| topic | Atomic structure Solid-state physics Solids Festkörpertheorie (DE-588)4154189-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Atomic structure Solid-state physics Solids Festkörpertheorie |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018628820&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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