On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Benjamins
2009
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Pragmatics & beyond
New series ; 191 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | Literaturverz. S. [279] - 293 |
| Beschreibung: | X, 296 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9789027254351 9789027288899 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804140686816051200 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Table
of
contents
Abbreviations,
figures, tables
їх
Preface
ι
CHAPTER
1
Cross-cultural pragmatics
7
1.1 Ordinary language philosophy
7
1.2
Brown and
Levinsons
politeness theory
11
1.3
Problems with and alternatives to Brown and
Levinsons
theory
12
1.4
Postmodern theories vs. cross-cultural research
17
1.5
The present study
20
CHAPTER
2
The culture-specificity of politeness
23
2.1
Culture in politeness research
23
2.2
Defining culture
25
2.3
Culture-specific perception of social variables
27
2.3.1
Social power
29
2.3.2
Social distance
31
2.3.3
Social variables and address forms
33
2.4
Positive vs. negative politeness cultures
35
2.4.1
In-directness and im-politeness
36
2.4.2
Cultural values
38
2.4.3
The semantics of politeness
40
CHAPTER
3
The speech act of apologising
45
3.1
Classifying apologies
45
3.2
Defining apologies
47
3-3
Applying Brown and
Levinsons
theory to apologies
49
3-4
Analysing apologies
56
vi
On Apologising
CHAPTER
4
Literature review
61
4.1
Cross-cultural research on English apologies
61
4.2
Research on Polish and Russian apologies
62
4.2.1
Speech act studies in Poland and Russia
62
4.2.2
Polish and Russian apology studies
65
chapter
5
Methodological considerations
67
5.1
DCTs vs. naturally occurring speech
67
5.1.1
Limitations of written data
68
5.1.2
On the sequential organization of speech acts
70
5.1.3
On collecting large quantities of data
71
5.2
Alternative ways of collecting spoken data
74
5.2.1
Field notes
74
5.2.2
Linguistic corpora
75
5.2.3
Role plays
76
CHAPTER
6
Data collection
81
6.1
Designing the DCT
81
6.2
Translating the DCT
86
6.3
Testing and refining the DCT
88
6.4
The subjects and the data
89
chapter
7
Illocutionary Force Indicating Devices: IFIDs
93
7.1
Definition
93
7.2
Distribution across languages
93
7.3
IFID
realisations across languages
95
7.3.1
English IFIDs
95
7.3.2
Polish IFIDs
97
7.3.3
Russian IFIDs
100
7.4
IFID
realisations contrasted
102
7.4.1
Classificatory problems
103
7.4.2
Culture-specific preferences
105
7.5
Apologies across cultures
107
7.5.1
The expression of regret
107
7.5.2
The performative
108
Table
of
contents vu
7.5.3
The request for forgiveness
110
7.5.4
The remaining
IFID
categories
111
7.6
Syntactic frames
113
7.6.1
The English expression of regret
113
7.6.2
The Polish performative
114
7.6.3
The Russian request for forgiveness
115
7.6.4
Syntactic vs. pragmatic considerations
117
7.7
Intensifies
121
7.7.1
Definition and distribution
121
7.7.2
Adverbial intensifiers and please
121
7.7.3
Other forms of intensification
124
7.8
Evaluation
125
chapter
8
Accounts
131
8.1
Apologies and the acceptance of responsibility
131
8.1.1
Previous dassificatory schemes
132
8.1.2
Considerations underlying the present taxonomy
137
8.1.3
Classification of account types
138
8.1.4
Importance of context in classifying and interpreting accounts
147
8.2
Accounts across scenarios
150
8.2.1
Category I
150
8.2.2
Category II
157
8.2.3
Category III
161
8.2.4
Category IV
168
8.3
Evaluation
174
chapter
9
Positive politeness apology strategies
179
9.1
Definition
179
9.2
Offer of repair
180
9.2.1
Distribution across languages
181
9.2.2
Linguistic realisations
182
9.2.3
Offers of repair across scenarios
188
9.3
Promise of forbearance
196
9-4
Concern for hearer
198
9.5
Evaluation
201
vin On
Apologising
CHAPTER
10
On the culture-specificity of apologies
205
10.1
Beyond the speech act set
206
îo.i.i
Apologies and responsibility acceptance
207
10.1.2
Strategy combinations
-
IFIDs vs. responsibility
210
10.2
Contextual conditions and strategy choice
216
10.2.1
IFIDs across categories
216
10.2.2
Accounts across categories
223
10.2.3
Ρ
and
D
across cultures
227
10.2.4
Testing Brown and
Levinsons weightiness
formula
230
10.3
Positive vs. negative face in apologising
234
10.3.1
IFIDs
235
10.3.2
Accounts
237
10.3.3
Approach vs. withdrawal
246
10.3.4
Positive politeness apology strategies
249
10.4
Evaluation
255
CHAPTER
11
Conclusion
259
11.1
Main findings
259
11.2
Suggestions for future research
262
Appendices
269
Notes
275
References
279
Index
295
This book investigates how speakers of English, Polish and Russian
deal with offensive situations. It reveals culture-specific perceptions
of what counts as an apology and what constitutes politeness.
It offers a critical discussion of Brown and Levinson s theory
and provides counterevidence to the correlation between
indirectness and politeness underlyingtheirtheory. Theirtheory
is applied to two languages that rely less heavily on indirectness
in conveying politeness than does English, and to a speech act
that does not become more polite through indirectness.
An analysis of the face considerations involved in apologising shows
that in contrast to disarming apologies, remedial apologies are
mainly directed towards positive face needs, which are crucial forthe
restoration of social equilibrium and maintenance of relationships.
The data show that while English apologies are characterised
by a relatively strong focus on both interlocutors negative face,
Polish apologies display a particular concern for positive face. For
Russian speakers, in contrast, apologies seem to involve a lower
degree of face threat than they do in the other two languages.
|
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| spelling | Ogiermann, Eva Verfasser (DE-588)1053188870 aut On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures Eva Ogiermann Amsterdam [u.a.] Benjamins 2009 X, 296 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Pragmatics & beyond : New series 191 Literaturverz. S. [279] - 293 Interculturele vergelijking gtt Verontschuldiging gtt Kulturvergleich (DE-588)4114328-0 gnd rswk-swf Pragmatik (DE-588)4076315-8 gnd rswk-swf Höflichkeit (DE-588)4160349-7 gnd rswk-swf Entschuldigung (DE-588)4152415-9 gnd rswk-swf Entschuldigung (DE-588)4152415-9 s Höflichkeit (DE-588)4160349-7 s Pragmatik (DE-588)4076315-8 s Kulturvergleich (DE-588)4114328-0 s DE-604 Pragmatics & beyond New series ; 191 (DE-604)BV002551261 191 Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018622256&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Augsburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=018622256&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Ogiermann, Eva On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures Pragmatics & beyond Interculturele vergelijking gtt Verontschuldiging gtt Kulturvergleich (DE-588)4114328-0 gnd Pragmatik (DE-588)4076315-8 gnd Höflichkeit (DE-588)4160349-7 gnd Entschuldigung (DE-588)4152415-9 gnd |
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| title | On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures |
| title_auth | On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures |
| title_exact_search | On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures |
| title_full | On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures Eva Ogiermann |
| title_fullStr | On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures Eva Ogiermann |
| title_full_unstemmed | On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures Eva Ogiermann |
| title_short | On apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures |
| title_sort | on apologising in negative and positive politeness cultures |
| topic | Interculturele vergelijking gtt Verontschuldiging gtt Kulturvergleich (DE-588)4114328-0 gnd Pragmatik (DE-588)4076315-8 gnd Höflichkeit (DE-588)4160349-7 gnd Entschuldigung (DE-588)4152415-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Interculturele vergelijking Verontschuldiging Kulturvergleich Pragmatik Höflichkeit Entschuldigung |
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