Valstybės sienos apsauga: 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Lithuanian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Vilnius
Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos Karo Akad.
2008
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Lietuvos kariuomenės istorija
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | 246 S. Ill. |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Valstybės sienos apsauga |b 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija |c Gintautas Surgailis |
| 264 | 1 | |a Vilnius |b Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos Karo Akad. |c 2008 | |
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| 490 | 0 | |a Lietuvos kariuomenės istorija | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1820595787020632064 |
|---|---|
| adam_text |
TUMNYS
ÍVADAS
.5
1.
KAD PASIENIO APSAUGOS
TARNYBOS SKYRIAUS
IR JO
TERITORINÈS
PASIENIO
APSAUGOS TARNYBOS
JSTEIGIMAS -
VEIKLOS
PRADŽIA
.7
2.
PASIENIO
APSAUGOS TARNYBA
1991
M. SAUSIO
JVYKIU METU.
19
3.
TERORAS
PRIEŠ PASIENIEČIUS
.22
4.
PASIENIO
APSAUGOS
TARNYBA
PO
1991
M. SAUSIO JVYKKJ
.35
5.
PASIENIO APSAUGOS TARNYBA
1991
M.
RUGPJOČIO PUCO MASKVOJE METU
.48
6.
PASIENIO APSAUGOS TARNYBA PO RUGPJUČIO PUČO
.49
7.
VALSTYBÈS
SIENOS APSAUGOS TARNYBA
.77
8.
PAKRANČiy APSAUGOS TARNYBA
.100
9.
NEPAGEIDAUTINIREIŠKINIAILIETUVOS PASIENYJE
.105
10.
VALSTYBÈS
SIENOS APSAUGOS TARNYBOS PERDAVIMAS
VIDAUS REIKALV MINISTERIJAI
.119
11.
VALSTYBÈS
SIENOS
DELIMITAMMO
IR DEMARKAVIMO DARBAI
.121
Išvados
.135
STATE
BORDER PROTECTION
OF LITHUANIA IN
1990-1994
Conclusions
.137
Santrumpos
.139
Šaltiniai
ir
literatura.
.141
Priedai
.142
PASIENIO APSAUGOS TARNYBOS
STRUKTURA
IR ETATAI
1990
METAIS.
145
KRAŠTO
APSAUGOS DEPARTAMENTOPASIENIO
APSAUGOS TARNYBOS
DARBUOTOJU, PRIIMTU DIRBTI
1990
METAIS,
SARASAS.
164
KRAŠTO
APSAUGOS
DEPARTAMENTO GENERALINIO
DIREKTORIAUS
UŽ AKTYVy DALYVAVIMA LIETUVOS GYNIME SAUSIO ÍVYKiy METU
GARBÈS
BEI PADÈKOS
RAŠTAIS APDOVANOTI PASIENIO APSAUGOS
TARNYBOS
DARBUOTOJAI.200
Pasienio apsaugos darbuotojij kreipimasis
.204
Buvusia Rusijos
kariuomenés
objekta,
paskirtą
VSAT padaliniams,
sarasas
.210
Pavardžiq
rodyklë.
211
State
Border
Protection
of Lithuania in
1990-1994
Conclusions
Protection of the state borders is one of the key indicators of an independent state. Thus,
as soon as Lithuania had restored its Independence on
11
March
1990
the LR Supreme Council
adopted some significant resolutions on establishment of the actual state border of Lithuania and
the procedure regarding the protection of it
The initial attempts to make the Lithuanian state boarder legal, mainly declarations on that,
however, were conducted in times of a complicated situation for Lithuania: the Soviet Union showed
no intention to acknowledge even the Lithuanian Independence itself. The USSR kept proclaiming
that Lithuania belonged within the Soviet Union; and that the boarder between Lithuania and
Poland was still the external border of the USSR. Thus, the above mentioned resolutions were put
to the back drawer even before the beginning of their implementation.
Initially, the LR Ministry of the Interior was to undertake the responsibility regarding the
state border protection. This duty, however, was soon
(10
September
1990)
transferred by the LR
Supreme Council to the newly developing National Defence Department under the LR Govern¬
ment. The State Border Guard Division was established within the said Department and aimed
at organising the state border guard and protection.
Following the Provisional Instruction by the State Border Guard Service of the National Defen¬
ce Department, the State Border Guard Service (SBGS) undertook the following functions: to check
the goods that natural persons, companies, institutions, and organisations intended to export from the
territory of the Republic of Lithuania, following the lists of limited and forbidden foods and non-foods
to be exported by the LR citizens from the LR territory; to synchronise that the amounts of goods on
the lists correspond to the actual amounts of the goods and all seals on the loads were present and true;
to provide assistance to the LR Ministry of the Interior by helping it clear crimes and detain criminals as
well as to inform it on the alleged/detained suspects (people and vehicles).
To accomplish the assigned task the SBGS employed considerable funds and human resources.
And selection of the appropriate border guards and their training was quite a task as well. The successful
candidates had to exercise sound health, with aprior record of military service (in the Soviet Army border-,
specialised airborne- or intelligence units), holding no prior criminal record, practicing combative sports,
with a diploma of higher education, finally, exercising strong self-control and good manners JDespite all
the preventive measures, the service also included additionally infiltrated members of the KGB. borne
of them were later disclosed. Nobody, however, has ever analysed yet what a destructive impact that
infiltration has caused. That would, of course, require a separate investigation.
On
8
November
1990
the LR Supreme Council adopted the Provisional Law on State Border
Protection of the Republic of Lithuania. It provided that the State Border Guard Service would be a
division of the National Defence Department under the LR Government, with its main function
to guard and protect the state border, to maintain the border sector regime, and to assist the LR
Customs in accomplishment of its duties. The most significant for the LR border guards would
be the article
7
of the said law. It provided that the State Border Guard Service officials would be
considered representatives of the governing bodies when on duty. From that very moment the
status oftheLR border guards had crucially changed.
During the tragic events of January
1991
of Lithuania, the LR State Border Guard^Service
was the only well-orgLised unit within the National Defence Department. It was the SBGS that
immediately undertook action to defend the LR Supreme Council, the LR Government, the Media
Palace,
the Vilnius City TV Tower, and other objects. More than
80
per cent of the defenders of
the LR Supreme Council were border guards. The Chief of the SBGS
V.Česnulevičius
was later
appointed the Deputy Defence Commander within the LR National Defence Department, Audrius
Butkevičius
being the Defence Commander respectively at that time.
When the USSR repressive structures failed in their attempts of an overturn in Lithuania,
they undertook brutal terrorist attacks against the Lithuanian border guards and customs officials by
initiating attacks on the border control posts, destroying property, terrorising and even murdering
the border guards and other personnel of the state border security. These attacks were put to an
end only when the putsch in Moscow failed in August
1991.
Despite continuing terrorism on the border of Lithuania, the SBGS would be further reinforced;
new border guards would be trained; and the needed legal acts would be adopted. Also, the existing border
control posts would be reconstructed; adding the new ones, too. Finally, Lithuania, among other steps,
began negotiations with neighbour countries regarding official border recovery.
While Moscow faced the putsch in August
1991,
Lithuanian border guards worked in their
border control posts, protected the LR Supreme Council and the LR Government again, and were
getting ready to counter-fight the aggressor, if required; but the said putsch failed.
When the putsch in Moscow failed, the SBGS officials got armed, reinforcing the SBGS
material basis and increasing the protection of the state borders.
In summer of
1992
the Republic of Lithuania was granted the right to control and protect the
entire national border of Lithuania. At that time Lithuania began negotiations with neighbour states
regarding the official settlement of the state borders; and the border marking works began.
The main function of the SBGS would be to counter-fight trafficking and illegal migrants.
That year's float of illegal migrants to Lithuania caused concerns not only for the SBGS Command,
but also for the authorities of the state itself because Lithuania was at a risk to become the illegal
migrant transit route to Western Europe. The number of those who illegally crossed the border of
Lithuania in
1992
reached
304,
with
624
in
1993,
and
754
in
1994
respectively. And only thanks
to the watchful Lithuanian border guards Lithuania escaped such a dreadful real threat, mainly the
Republic of Lithuania no longer attracted the organisers of the illegal migrant traffic.
Immediately after occurrence of the said negative tendencies on the border, especially after
Lithuania had taken command of the Lazdijai Border Control Post, the SBGS Command tried to
undertake preventive measures to stop such processes; however, the SBGS failed that time. And
there were many reasons to that. Firstly, the border crossing was hardly penetrable, which was caused
by numbers of those eager to cross the border—constantly increasing in numbers; also, the supply
of the SBGS was insufficient; finally, the border guards faced excessive loads of work; salaries were
small; and temptation to benefit at a loose hand sometimes got too overwhelming (bribes, lack of
responsibility, frequent change of authorities, etc).
On
18
April
1994
the LR Parliament adopted a new Law on the State Border Protection of the Re¬
public of Lithuania. It provided that the state border protection should be transferred to the competence
of the LR Ministry of the Interior. Under the said law the LR Government adopted a resolution of
18
July
1994
to reorganise the former SBGS under the Ministry of National Defence, establishing it under
a new tide of the State Border Police Department under the Ministry of the Interior.
Despite some operational inadequacies and drawbacks, the State Border Guard Service was
established in Lithuania; and the state borders would have been under control ever since. The SBGS
would develop and improve its functional capacities; thus, it presented a well-operating structure
on the day it was transferred to the Ministry of the Interior.
policijos
departamentą
prie Vidaus reikalu,
ministerijos.
Nepaisant
еѕатц
nesklandumu,
ir
trükumq,
Pasienio apsaugos tarnyba buvo sukurta, valsty-
bés sienos kontroliuojamos, tarnyba
vystèsi ir
tobuléjo, taigi perdavimo Vidaus reikalq. ministerijai
dieną
tai
buvo
gerai
veikianti
struktura.
SANTRUMPOS
AA
-
Autoriaus archyvas
AKPP
—
Atskirasis kontrolinis
praleidžiamasis
punktas
Αρ.
-
aprašas
ΑΡΚΡΡ
-
Atskirasis pasienio kontrolinis praleidžiamasis
postas
В.
-
byla
eil. - eilinis
F. -
fondas
j.
lm.
— jaunesnysis leitenantas
gen. —
generólas
GRB
—
Greitojo reagavimo batallonas
KA
-
krasto apsauga
KAA
—
Krasto
apsaugos archyvas
KAD
—
Krasto
apsaugos departamentas
KAM —
Krasto
apsaugos ministerija
KAM
EA
-
Krasto
apsaugos
ministerijos
einamasis archyvas
k. d.
-
kariné dalis
KGB
-
Valstybés saugumo komitetas
(SSSR)
KIS
-
kompiuteriné informaciné
sistema
KJF
-
Karine
jürq
flotile
kmdr.
—
komandoras
KP -
kontrolés punktas
КРР
-
kontrolinis
praleidžiamasis
punktas
kpt.
-
kapitonas
L.
—
lapas
LR
—
Lietuvos
Respublika
LRSA- Lietuvos Respublikos Seimo archyvas
LRV
-
Lietuvos Respublikos
Vyriausybè
mjr.
—
majoras
NVS
- Neprikkusormt
Valstybia Sandrauga
OMON
-
Ypatingosios paskirties milicijos burys
(rus.
Отряд милиции особого назначения)
PAP
-
pasienio apsaugos
postas
PAR
-
Ракгапсіц
apsaugos rinktmè
PAS
-
Pasienio apsaugos skyrius
PAT
-
Pasienio apsaugos tarnyba
PR
-
Pasienio rinktinè |
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| geographic_facet | Litauen |
| id | DE-604.BV035677156 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-01-07T13:10:42Z |
| institution | BVB |
| language | Lithuanian |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017731476 |
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| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 246 S. Ill. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos Karo Akad. |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Lietuvos kariuomenės istorija |
| spelling | Surgailis, Gintautas 1956- Verfasser (DE-588)1195727860 aut Valstybės sienos apsauga 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija Gintautas Surgailis Vilnius Generolo Jono Žemaičio Lietuvos Karo Akad. 2008 246 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Lietuvos kariuomenės istorija Geschichte 1990-1994 gnd rswk-swf Grenzschutz (DE-588)4158152-0 gnd rswk-swf Litauen (DE-588)4074266-0 gnd rswk-swf Litauen (DE-588)4074266-0 g Grenzschutz (DE-588)4158152-0 s Geschichte 1990-1994 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017731476&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017731476&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Surgailis, Gintautas 1956- Valstybės sienos apsauga 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija Grenzschutz (DE-588)4158152-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4158152-0 (DE-588)4074266-0 |
| title | Valstybės sienos apsauga 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija |
| title_auth | Valstybės sienos apsauga 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija |
| title_exact_search | Valstybės sienos apsauga 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija |
| title_full | Valstybės sienos apsauga 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija Gintautas Surgailis |
| title_fullStr | Valstybės sienos apsauga 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija Gintautas Surgailis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Valstybės sienos apsauga 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija Gintautas Surgailis |
| title_short | Valstybės sienos apsauga |
| title_sort | valstybes sienos apsauga 1990 1994 metais monografija |
| title_sub | 1990 - 1994 metais ; monografija |
| topic | Grenzschutz (DE-588)4158152-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Grenzschutz Litauen |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017731476&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017731476&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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