Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie: 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce
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| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | Polish |
| Published: |
Wrocław
Polskie Tow. Ludoznawcze
2008
|
| Series: | Biblioteka zesłańca
20 |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Abstract Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Item Description: | Na stronie przytytułowej logo Uniw. Wrocławskiego oraz nazwa : Ośrodek Badań Wschodnich Katedry Etnologii i Antropologii Kulturowej Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego |
| Physical Description: | 264, 43 S. Ill., Kt. 23 cm |
| ISBN: | 9788387266271 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie |b 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce |c Tadeusz Brzeziński |
| 264 | 1 | |a Wrocław |b Polskie Tow. Ludoznawcze |c 2008 | |
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| 505 | 0 | |a Bibliogr. S. 238 - 243. Indeksy | |
| 610 | 1 | 7 | |a Polska / Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie / służba zdrowia |2 jhpk |
| 610 | 1 | 7 | |a Polska - Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie - służba zdrowia |2 jhpk |
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| 650 | 7 | |a Wojna światowa (1939-1945) / opieka medyczna / Polska |2 jhpk | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Wojna światowa (1939-1945) - opieka medyczna - Polska |2 jhpk | |
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| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Geschichte 1939-1946 |A z |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1804139343567126528 |
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| adam_text | Spis treści
Wstęp
........................................... 9
Rozdział
1.
Losy wojskowej służby zdrowia po zakończeniu kampanii wrześnio¬
wej
1939
roku
.................................... 13
Rozdział
2.
Służba zdrowia Armii Polskiej we Francji
................ 22
2.1.
Formowanie struktur wojskowej służby zdrowia
.............. 22
2.2.
Reorganizacja Polskiego Czerwonego Krzyża
............... 26
2.3.
Szkolenie kadr służby zdrowia
........................ 27
2.4.
Formowanie służby zdrowia związków operacyjnych i oddziałów woj¬
skowych
..................................... 30
2.5.
Zabezpieczenie medyczne udziału Brygady Strzelców Podhalańskich
w bitwie o Narwik
............................... 32
2.6.
Działania służby zdrowia Marynarki Wojennej
. ■............. 35
2.7.
Udział służby zdrowia w kampanii wojennej na terenie Francji
..... 36
Rozdział
3.
Organizacja służby zdrowia w Wielkiej Brytanii
............ 45
3.1.
Polski Wydział Lekarski w Edynburgu
................... 47
3.2.
Szpitale
..................................... 50
3.3.
Działalność naukowa i szkoleniowa poza Polskim Wydziałem Lekar¬
skim
....................................... 53
3.4.
Działanie na rzecz jednostek polskich poza Wielką Brytanią
....... 55
Rozdział
4.
Oddziały polskie na Środkowym Wschodzie
.............. 56
4.1.
Brygada Strzelców Karpackich
........................ 56
4.2.
Samodzielna Brygada Strzelców Karpackich
(12
1
1941-3
V
1942) ... 62
4.3.
Działania bojowe Samodzielnej Brygady Strzelców Karpackich
..... 64
4.4.
Wojsko Polskie na Środkowym Wschodzie
................. 65
4.5.
Polski Szpital Wojskowy w Aleksandrii (Szpital SBSK)
.......... 72
Rozdział
5.
Armia Polska w ZSRR
(1941-1942)................... 75
5.1.
Okres formowania Armii
........................... 75
5.2.
Losy Armii Polskiej na południu ZSRR do czasu pierwszej ewakuacji
. . 87
5.3.
Pierwsza ewakuacja
.............................. 99
5.4.
Okres miedzy pierwszą a drugą ewakuacją
................. 101
5.5.
Druga ewakuacja
................................
107
Rozdział
6.
Przyjęcie oddziałów polskich z ZSRR. Armia Polska na Wschodzie
. 112
6.1.
Przyjęcie pierwszego rzutu ewakuacyjnego z ZSRR
............ 112
6.2.
Ewakuacja na teren Palestyny
........................ 117
6.3.
Dywizja Strzelców Karpackich w Palestynie
................ 118
6.4.
Przyjęcie drugiego rzutu ewakuacyjnego z ZSRR
.............
12°
6.5.
Organizacja i działania Armii Polskiej na Wschodzie
........... 123
6.6.
Szkolenie kadr służby zdrowia
........................ 127
8 ·
Spis treści
6.7.
Stan
zdrowotny Armii
............................ 129
6.8.
Ewakuacja do Afryki
............................. 130
6.9.
Działalność Wydziału Służby Zdrowia Delegatury Ministerstwa Pracy
i Opieki Społecznej
............................. 132
6.10.
Działalność delegatur Polskiego Czerwonego Krzyża na Środkowym
Wschodzie
.................................. 134
6.11.
Przegrupowanie Armii Polskiej do Palestyny i Egiptu
.......... 135
Rozdział
7.
Kampania włoska
2.
Korpusu
...................... 140
7.1.
Walki obronne nad rzeką
Sangro
(211-12
V
1944)............. 142
7.2.
Okres przygotowawczy do działań pod Monte
Cassino
.......... 145
7.3.
Bitwa o Monte
Cassino
(12
V-25
V
1944)................. 153
7.4.
Kampania adriatycka
(12
VI-2
IX
1944).................. 163
7.5.
Walki na odcinku apenińskim
(10
X-31
XII 1944)............. 173
7.6.
Obrona nad rzeką
Senio
(21-8
IV
1945).................. 180
7.7.
Bitwa o Bolonię
................................ 182
7.8.
Działalność szpitali bazowych
........................ 184
7.9.
Podsumowanie kampanii włoskiej
...................... 186
Rozdział
8.
Służba zdrowia na terenie Wielkiej Brytanii. Działania bojowe
1.
Korpusu
...................................... 193
8.1.
Przygotowania szefostwa służby zdrowia MON i Inspektoratu Sztabu
Naczelnego Wodza do działań na kontynencie
............... 194
8.2.
Zabezpieczenie potrzeb inwalidów wojennych i innych osób zwolnio¬
nych ze służby wojskowej
........................... 197
8.3.
Wojskowy Korpus Sióstr Służby Zdrowia
.................. 199
8.4.
Działania
1.
Dywizji Pancernej
........................ 201
8.5.
Działania Samodzielnej Brygady Spadochronowej
............. 211
8.6.
Zabezpieczenie obozów zbornych we Francji
............... 220
Rozdział
9.
Powojenne losy sanitariatu Polskich Sił Zbrojnych
.......... 222
9.1.
Przygotowanie do przewidywanych zadań po zakończeniu działań wo¬
jennych
..................................... 222
9.2.
Służba zdrowia
2.
Korpusu po zakończeniu działań wojennych
..... 224
9.3.
Działania na terenie Francji i Niemiec
.................... 228
9.4.
Losy polskiej służby zdrowia w Wielkiej Brytanii
............. 231
9.5.
Po powrocie do kraju
............................. 234
Objaśnienie ważniejszych skrótów
.......................... 237
Źródła i bibliografia
................................... 238
Summary.
........................................ 244
Indeks nazwisk
..................................... 250
Indeks nazw geograficznych
.............................. 258
Album rycin
....................................... 265
The Medical Service of Polish Military Services
on the West
(1939-1946)
With Anders Army from USSR to Poland
Summary
After the defeat of the September
1939
the vicissitudes of Polish Army officers
were differentiated. Some of them still were taking care of injured and sick soldiers,
staying in hospitals or being with them in concentration camps, in accordance with
Geneva Convention. According to register of the
1945
there were
272
doctors,
16
den¬
tal doctors and
23
chemist constrained by Germans. Most of the remaining members
of the medical service left with army squads and passed the Polish border lines. Then
they were interned to Hungary (almost
500
officers of medical service) and to Roma¬
nia. Those, who were taken prisoner by Russians (about
1000),
were placed in camps in
Kozielsk,
Ostaszków
and Starobielsk.
715
of them were executed by firing squad.
When the Polish emigration government dealt with French government about
the formation of Polish Army in France, some medicine doctors and others medical
services officers were forced their way through borders to get there to serve in new
army. By the time of German s offensive in France they were instructed and prepared
to medical services for new squads. The group of doctors who reached the Middle
East was included to medical services of Independent Brigade of Carpathian Riflemen.
Because Polish Army was creating
опђг
tactical structures submitted to French com¬
mand, there were no Polish battle-field hospitals.
On the April and May of
1940
in the battle of Narvik participated also Brigade
of the Riflemen of the
Tatra
Highlands, secured by the medical service
(26
doctors).
In the battle failed
97
soldiers,
189
were injured. The injured in that action and also
those, who participated in the battles of naval crafts of Navy evacuated firstly to Nor¬
wich hospitals, then to British ones. During the operation in France on June
1940
the
main casualties suffered
1.
Grenadier Division
(900
dead,
2800
injured,
1500
lost in
action) and
2.
Division of Riflemen s Infantry (about
3000
soldiers injured). According
to documents of Division s Dressing Point of
1.
Division, it was difficult to take care of
all injured because of the huge number of them. There are no others preserved docu¬
ments from other divisions. After the France s defeat the great part of medical service s
officers found themselves in Great Britain. Some of them were interned to Switzerland
with
3.
Division. Some of them left in France or were taken prisoner by Germans.
The activity at the Great Britain area had instruction and organization character.
There were founded two Polish hospitals. Thanks to cooperation with Scottish scien¬
tific society in Edinburgh was also created Polish Faculty of Medicine, where some
students from army were instructed. The number of officers (and also medical services
officers) surpassed the need of organized units, that s why they were usually staffed.
When the war between USSR and Germany broke out, the new group of doctors was
preparing. They planned to send them to new Polish Army, created in Army of USSR.
Summary
· 245
Finally, they were sent to Middle East. There the medical service was expanded in In¬
dependent Brigade of Carpathian Riflemen, adapting it to British structure. The Polish
Hospital was also founded.
In Polish Army s operation in the Middle East the Carpathian Sanitary Squad also
participated. During
10
months of fight on the desert (including
4
in the defense of To-
bruk) casualties of the Brigade were
122
dead,
502
injured,
11
lost in actions. Injured
were sent to Polish War Hospital in Alexandria.
In the meantime in the USSR the Polish Army was formed since the August
1941.
By the way the Polish sanitary units were organized. They task was to help the people
during their way to
Buzułek,
where the Polish Army was organized. The wholesome
conditions of the candidates to army were dramatic. They came there from prisons,
labour camps and exile from USSR. Formally, most of them could not be qualified to
military service because of their condition. Most of the officers of medical service were
kept of Griazowiec camp before. They avoided the tragic fate of their colleges from
the other camps. But before the medical service was adapted to Russian structure, the
hospitals for immediate injures had to be organized. The conditions of the hospitals de¬
scribed by the soldiers were dramatic. Early and sharply winter was difficult for survive
where there were no places secured before the cold. Lack of food, medicines and others
supplies made the work of medical servants harder. In the improvised hospitals there
were no nurses, so they started to instructed voluntary women. Since that time some
civil people (women, men and children) started to gather round the army. Unfavorable
weather conditions caused the decision about the regrouping the army to the south
of USSR on December
1941.
But before the end on the regrouping the epidemic of
typhus broke out in
5.
Division. In the others divisions that epidemic broke out before
the changing the base in the south of USSR. The conditions in the new place were also
dramatic, but different. The rains and low temperatures, then the heat (70°C) created
some new problems. On the March of
1942
the apogee of typhus took place, but dur¬
ing the summer months the diseases of alimentary canal expanded. Since February to
August
1942
there were
49,411
soldiers infected.
2020
of them died.
63.9%
of them died
because of the typhus, the death of
21.9%
caused dysentery. Number of died civil was
estimated about
20%
of all. The fight with the epidemic was extremely difficult, because
of the contact with new exiles that came to army. Usually they were lousy, starving and
in the first stage of disease. Civilians (over
35,000)
that accompanied to army received
for their hard work food rations (about
300-1300 kcal). In
this situation starvation was
the first diagnose in that group of patients. During the epidemic of typhus many medi¬
cine doctors, nurses and stretcher-bearers died. On the April
1942
the evacuation of
some squads and civilians to Irack took place. In order to attain it in Krasnowodsk (by
the USSR s side) and in Pahlevi (by the Iran s side) the medical services were organized.
The will of evacuation was so strong, that many people who were unable to travel set off
to the journey quite often simulating. Those, who stayed in USSR, were liable to suffer
from the difficult climate s conditions. The new epidemic of malaria broke out at Ka¬
zakhstan where malaria endemic occurred. The second evacuation in Irack took place
on the August
1942,
so all army was evacuated. Civilians accompanied the army wanted
to live the USSR at any price, so they also took the infected ones with them. Generally
in both of the evacuations
115,742
persons were translocated
(78,470
soldiers, plucky
fellows and women assistance services,
37,272
civilians).
In Polish Army on the East detailed plan of secured the evacuated units from USSR
was worked out. Separated camps for the army and civilians were assigned. With the
246 ·
Summary
help of international forces the civilian hospital in Teheran was organized and another
army s hospitals started to work. The other main aim of medical services was also to
surmount the epidemic and devastation of people, who were weakened with starva¬
tion. After they had defeated the typhus epidemic, other ones of malaria and diseases
of alimentary canal broke out. Among the children most dangerous was measles. The
death rate in that group reached
30%.
The reorganization of the Army after the example of British army s structure made
some changes in medical service. At the turn of
1942
and
1943
in Irack two sanitary
unites were grouped. The bigger one was in Kanaquin (two army s hospitals,
1200
beds
each one), sanitary evacuation point and ward of convalescents. In the Quisil Ribat
group was one army s hospital
(1200
beds), sanitary evacuation point and sanitary re¬
pository. Soon another group in Mosul appeared. The epidemics were finally stopped.
At the beginning of
1943
regroupment of army and medical services followed to Pal¬
estine and Egypt. Number of members of medical services on the Middle East totaled
436
med
doctors, dental doctors and
59
chemists. The great preparation to activity in
Europe began.
On the December
1943
Polish units were thrown from Egypt to Italy. From the
January
1944
the medical services also was there. In
2.
Polish Corps except from the
division s medical services for two divisions (consisted of two sanitary companions,
platoon of sanitary hygiene and anti-malarial section) were also sanitary companion,
two sanitary evacuation points, two army s hospitals, four surgical advance parties, two
transfusion s advance parties, field laboratory of bacteriology and chemistry, sanitary
hygiene unit, anti-malarial section and sanitary repository. Those units participated in
following stages of Italian campaign, translocating with the army. Except the hospital
in base of Corpse (in the same location to the end of campaign) there were also two
hospitals, Army Hospital no
5
in Casamassima and no
3
in Palagiano. Those hospitals
(together
1200
beds) definitely surpassed their personal possibilities. The evacuation
of injured on the each stage of operation began in base s hospitals, then (in the depend¬
ence from the instructions) to hospitals to the Middle East or England. At the first
stage of defensive operations at the
Sangro
River the main problem was taking care
about the patients in the difficult climatic conditions, that army experienced in the first
months of
1944,
after transferring from Egypt. Some problems with car accidents also
appeared caused of lack of drivers experiences and difficult ground conditions. Total
number of injured
(253
persons) during 4-months-long fights was not big.
On April some preparations to battle of Monte
Cassino
began. Except the trans¬
ferring of medical services with their mother-units, this time was used to instruct the
personnel with new equipment and some new tasks. The most important was im¬
provement of transfusion s and surgical advance parties, according to British patterns
and creating the rules of surgical help in average stage of evacuation. In that time the
main dressing-station of
6.
sanitary companion was suffered from the artillery s shoot:
3
doctors and division s chaplain died,
3
doctors and
14
soldiers were injured.
The total number of died during the preparation to the battle of Monte
Cassino
was
38 (4
officers and
34
private soldiers) and
168
injured
(7
officers and
161
private
soldiers).
From
12
to
25
May
1944
was a time of the battle of Monte
Cassino.
Specific con¬
ditions during the evacuation of injured to sanitary points caused, that even short
distances were difficult to reach in a short time. The task of stretcher-bearers with
hand-barrow had to pass through the narrow and steep paths, usually under the fire
Summary
· 247
of enemy. Time that was necessary for deliverance of injured to battalion s dressing-
station that was distant sometimes
500
to
1000
meters was estimated for
1.5
hour (to
advanced dressing-station
- 4
hours, and to the main dressing-station even
8
hours).
The work of stretcher-bearers with hand-barrow was extremely difficult and in some
situations possible only thanks to compliance of Geneva Convention in the instance,
where there was no cover for transportation on the enemy area. In the battle of Monte
Cassino
first time the special litters were used, but even they were exposed to danger.
Injured were transported from main dressing-station (MDS), where the first aid was
applied to sanitary evacuation points, where the injured were advanced medical help
was applied and them to hospitals with the instructions of further medical treatment.
The MDS dressed
2293
wounded, sanitary evacuation points
-2459.
The total number
of killed (and died because
ofinjury)
during the battle of Monte
Cassino
was
860;
also
2822
injured and
97
lost in action.
During the Adriatic campaign (from
12
June to
2
September
1944)
the application
of penicillin is mentioned in documents. It was applied rather in limited spectrum,
with time spreading over the application an area of gangrene, complicated fracture of
thigh bone, multiple fractures of limbs with crush, the wounds of chest with the in¬
jured organs inside, the head injury, open injury of great joints. The effective dozen of
penicillin (i.e.
50,000
units) applied in that time today will not be potent. The superiors
appealed to use the penicillin (and others sulphamide, used in medicine since
1938)
sparing. The main rule during the surgery operations on the battle field was 8-hour-
long time for cleaning and securing the injury (sometimes the intervention even
18
hours from the moment
ofinjury
gives the positive effects). The second cut had to be
done after
3
days. The injured patient should stay in the place of intervention
14
days.
Because the second cut had to be done in hospitals in bases, the only way to reach the
hospital on time was to use the air transport. Total casualties
ofthat
time are estimated
for
60
officers and
617
private soldiers, killed and died with injury,
221
injured officers
and private soldiers and also
3
officers and
137
private soldiers lost in action. The bat¬
tle area during Adriatic campaign was menaced with malaria. The experiences from
the Middle East and popularization of prophylaxis rules among the soldiers of Polish
Army helped to avoid the new malarial infections, as opposed to British Army.
At the next stage in Apennines section (from
10
October to
31
December of
1944)
the evacuation of injured from the first line of front became even more difficult be¬
cause of specific ground conditions. There were some experiments with using mules
for transportation of injured, but it did not work. First time there were some Italians
among the stretcher-bearers. Often the first aid was applied to Germans soldiers that
were taken prisoner. Total casualties of that sections were
276
killed and died with
injury,
1133
injured,
137
lost in action.
We do not have lot information about the medical service s activity during the
campaign at the
Senio
River (from
2
February to
8
April
1945).
In spite of defensive
character
ofthat
campaign, the report of
3.
Battle-Field Evacuation Hospital showed
that medical care applied to
1226
injured
(667
injured in car accidents,
4949
others).
Most of them were evacuated to base s hospital.
The last stage of Italian campaign was the battle of
Bolonia.
The materials about
that battle are rather inconspicuous.
The role of base s hospital in medical care was fundamental. Hospital no.
5
had
serious problems with its expanding, finally was located in Casamassima. There was
no sewage system and problems with electricity. In the local school the small surgery
248 ·
Summary
and some beds were placed. The rest of the hospital
(1200
beds, in the time of intensive
activity
1600
beds) was placed in tents. The similar situation took place in Palagiano:
Hospital no.
3
was placed in local school, but majority of the beds was in tents. The
hospitals did not change the place of their location to the end of stay.
In Italian campaign almost
17%
of soldiers who participated in fights were injured,
7%
of them were injured in car accidents. Among the patients there were many in¬
fected with venereal diseases. At the end of
1943
and beginning of
1944
that diseases
made
2-3
promille
of monthly infections, on June
1944 - 7.6
promille,
on December
- 10
promille.
That caused the intervention of superior of General Anders Corps. He
threatened officers with the punishments, making them responsible for the lack of disci¬
pline in units. The officers joined the campaign against the venereal diseases that caused
the decrease of infection in the first months of
1945
to
4-6
promille.
Unfortunately,
that number increased again in the end of campaign. The fundamental role in treating
gonorrhea had the penicillin that shortened time of curing from
4
weeks to
4
days. The
experiences from the Middle East and popularization of prophylaxis rules among the
soldiers of Polish Army helped also to prevent infection of alimentary canal.
The main task of British sanitary headquarters was to secure beds for injured and
sick from the battle field area. They also had to take care of disabled soldiers and in¬
crease the number of medical servants. To fulfill the last task, they started to engage
in army graduates from Polish Medicine Faculty and other medicine doctors in Polish
and British medicine points.
Some problems with medical staff had Ministry of Work and Social Care. There
were some conflicts between the managers and
2.
Corps commands. From the British
point of view the number of medical servants on the Middle East was too big, but the
commander of the Corps found that number insufficient in case of expected activity in
Italy. That activity indicated that in Great Britain number of beds in hospital had to be
increased in case of evacuation. But the biggest obstacle was the lack of women s hospi¬
tal personnel. One of the proposed solutions was to found Military Corps of Red Cross
Nurses on August
1944.
In the
2.
Corps both the women doctors and nurses served in
Women Military Service Assistance without problem, that took place in Great Britain.
Finally the number of beds in Polish hospitals in Britain was inconsiderable. The Brit¬
ish government committed themselves to secure the rest necessary beds. Also difficult
was the problem of disabled soldiers. The British centers of rehabilitation were insuf¬
ficient for Polish soldiers. The language barrier was also problematical when someone
wanted to reach new professional skills.
In the latter part of the year the fighting activity of
1.
Corps in Europe.
1.
Divi¬
sion s medical services had to face with problem of evacuation s organization in new
conditions. Because the army moved quite quickly, the medical points were placed in
the large distance from the first line
offrent. As a
result of this, the urgent operations
had to be done at the first stage of evacuation. It was contradictory to steady rules,
but necessary in that situation. At the beginning of the fight there were
1069
injured
soldiers, also many from the medical staff were victims. The injured soldiers from
division were evacuated to British evacuation hospitals (CCS). The largest distance to
medical point was
200
km. In that situation injured soldiers were located in Belgian
hospitals. During the mentioned stage of operation
364
soldier were killed,
1045
were
injured, sick
-1047.
The injured ones were usually evacuated to Great Britain
(2352
persons,
20%
of
them heavy wounded). In October the division participated in liberation of Holland.
Summary
· 249
From the
8.
August to
31.
December of
1944
died
710
soldiers,
2442
were injured,
193
were lost in action. This quantity made
25%
of personal state of division. The last
stages of division activity were also very turbulent. The medical servants helped to
916
injured people.
Since
1942
the Independent Brigade of Paratroopers was preparing. The medical
servants started their instruction on April
1944.
They changed the staff, mainly engag¬
ing the new graduates of Polish Faculty of Medicine. They were training in surgery
and also in parachuting. Operation Market started on September
1944.
Among the
operation s participants were
14
medicine doctors,
1
sanitary officer,
118
stretcher-
bearers. The Brigade had to be dropped as a third drop of
1.
British Air Division to
Arnhem
region, but because of the difficult weather conditions the situation got com¬
plicated. The main medical point was located in Driel. During the action
108
soldiers
were injured,
26
others were also hurt. The medical servants also applied the British
soldiers and local people.
While the France was liberated, the problem of securing Polish people arose. They
were living there or came from Germany to allied camps. Their camps were in bad
sanitary conditions, and only
33
Polish doctors were trying to secure the medical help
for civilians and recruits. On a large scale they secured the camps after the war.
To the post-war work medical service was preparing through all emigration time.
Some plans of organization of health s protection, new
staŕfand
special epidemiologi-
cal courses were organized. But most of them became out-of-date in the face of new
Polish-USSR political situation. The armed return to country was impossible, many
officers and soldiers questioned their individual return to country. Even as late as dur¬
ing the stay in Italy from the
2.
Corps some students drafted to University of
Bolonia,
to study medicine. Others doctors had an opportunity to increase their knowledge;
their activity in army was minimized. To summarize the medical knowledge collected
during the war, the great Gathering of Military Medicine Doctors was organized in
Bolonia.
In
1946
the decision about the demobilization of the army was pronounced.
The lack of discipline in
2.
Corps that took place after the transferring Corps to Great
Britain was also noticeable in the hospitals.
The soldiers had to decide, if they want to join to Training and Distribution Corps,
or return to country. General Anders was against the return. Votary follower was Gen¬
eral Szarecki, also respected, ex-superior of medical service of Corps. He left the deci¬
sion to his doctors. Finally
10%
of emigrated doctors decided to return. They usually
had family there and had no difficult experiences with exile to URRS. The rest, scat¬
tered around the world, came to help no matter if they were local doctors or famous
professors. Those who return took with them their war experiences that were helpful
for post-war Polish medical services, especially surgeons. The medical officers (with
some exceptions) did not have to be afraid of repressions that were shared by the oth¬
ers officers of Anders army, who decided to return.
The materials to this book were collected mainly in General Sikorsky s Archives
in London, and also from other archives and libraries. In the book private relations of
participants are placed. Very useful were other compilation of presented subject.
Translated by
Stefania Skowron-Markowska
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Brzeziński, Tadeusz 1929-2010 |
| author_GND | (DE-588)1139899368 |
| author_facet | Brzeziński, Tadeusz 1929-2010 |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Brzeziński, Tadeusz 1929-2010 |
| author_variant | t b tb |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035655749 |
| contents | Bibliogr. S. 238 - 243. Indeksy |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)297758001 (DE-599)BVBBV035655749 |
| era | Geschichte 1939-1946 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1939-1946 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic_facet | Westeuropa |
| id | DE-604.BV035655749 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:42:35Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788387266271 |
| language | Polish |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017710251 |
| oclc_num | 297758001 |
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| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | 264, 43 S. Ill., Kt. 23 cm |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Polskie Tow. Ludoznawcze |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Biblioteka zesłańca |
| series2 | Biblioteka zesłańca |
| spelling | Brzeziński, Tadeusz 1929-2010 Verfasser (DE-588)1139899368 aut Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce Tadeusz Brzeziński Wrocław Polskie Tow. Ludoznawcze 2008 264, 43 S. Ill., Kt. 23 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biblioteka zesłańca 20 Na stronie przytytułowej logo Uniw. Wrocławskiego oraz nazwa : Ośrodek Badań Wschodnich Katedry Etnologii i Antropologii Kulturowej Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego Bibliogr. S. 238 - 243. Indeksy Polska / Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie / służba zdrowia jhpk Polska - Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie - służba zdrowia jhpk Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie (DE-588)4439480-9 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1939-1946 gnd rswk-swf Wojna światowa (1939-1945) / opieka medyczna / Polska jhpk Wojna światowa (1939-1945) - opieka medyczna - Polska jhpk Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4020775-4 gnd rswk-swf Westeuropa (DE-588)4079215-8 gnd rswk-swf Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie (DE-588)4439480-9 b Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4020775-4 s Westeuropa (DE-588)4079215-8 g Geschichte 1939-1946 z DE-604 Biblioteka zesłańca 20 (DE-604)BV005530455 20 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017710251&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017710251&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Brzeziński, Tadeusz 1929-2010 Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce Biblioteka zesłańca Bibliogr. S. 238 - 243. Indeksy Polska / Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie / służba zdrowia jhpk Polska - Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie - służba zdrowia jhpk Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie (DE-588)4439480-9 gnd Wojna światowa (1939-1945) / opieka medyczna / Polska jhpk Wojna światowa (1939-1945) - opieka medyczna - Polska jhpk Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4020775-4 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4439480-9 (DE-588)4020775-4 (DE-588)4079215-8 |
| title | Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce |
| title_auth | Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce |
| title_exact_search | Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce |
| title_full | Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce Tadeusz Brzeziński |
| title_fullStr | Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce Tadeusz Brzeziński |
| title_full_unstemmed | Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce Tadeusz Brzeziński |
| title_short | Służba zdrowia Polskich Sił Zbrojnych na Zachodzie |
| title_sort | sluzba zdrowia polskich sil zbrojnych na zachodzie 1939 1946 z armia andersa z zsrr ku polsce |
| title_sub | 1939 - 1946 ; z Armią Andersa z ZSRR ku Polsce |
| topic | Polska / Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie / służba zdrowia jhpk Polska - Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie - służba zdrowia jhpk Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie (DE-588)4439480-9 gnd Wojna światowa (1939-1945) / opieka medyczna / Polska jhpk Wojna światowa (1939-1945) - opieka medyczna - Polska jhpk Gesundheitswesen (DE-588)4020775-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Polska / Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie / służba zdrowia Polska - Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie - służba zdrowia Polen Polskie Siły Zbrojne na Zachodzie Wojna światowa (1939-1945) / opieka medyczna / Polska Wojna światowa (1939-1945) - opieka medyczna - Polska Gesundheitswesen Westeuropa |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017710251&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017710251&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV005530455 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT brzezinskitadeusz słuzbazdrowiapolskichsiłzbrojnychnazachodzie19391946zarmiaandersazzsrrkupolsce |