Verfügbarkeit: Cutaneous melanoma

Cutaneous melanoma:

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	St. Louis, Mo. Quality Medical Publ. 2009
Ausgabe:	5. ed.
Schlagworte:	Melanoma Skin Neoplasms Skin > Cancer Melanom
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	921 S. zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9781576262764

Internformat

MARC


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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Titel: Cutaneous melanoma Autor: Balch, Charles M Jahr: 2009 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 A History of Melanoma: From Hunter to Milton 1 Arthur J. Sohn; Helen M. Shaw. John F Thompson John Hunter (1728-17».?) René Laennec(1781-1826) William Norris (1792-1877) Oliver Pcmbcrum (1825-1897) James Paget (1814-1899) Sir Jonathan Hutchinson (1828-1913) Wiiliam Sampson Handley (1872-1962) Alexander Breslow (1928-1980) Vincent J. McGovern (1915-1983) Sophie Spitz (1910-1956) Arthur Allen (1910-1994) Wallace 11. Clarkjr. (1924-1997) Thomas B. Fit/patrick, Jr. (1919-2003) Gerald W.Milton (1924-2007) Part I________________________________ Epidemiology, Prognosis, and Staging 2 Epidemiology of Melanoma 17 Bruce K. .htnstrmig, Alisa M. Goldstein Worldwide incidence and mortality patterns Correlates of melanoma risk Demographic correlates Constitutional correlates Environmental and behavioral correlates Present and future trends in melanoma incidence and mortality Prognostic Factors and Natural History of Melanoma 35 Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, Charles M. Balch. Seng-jaw Soong, John F. Thompson AJCC melanoma staging system analyses— overview of the AJCC international melanoma database and 2002 melanoma staging system Background Overview of the 2002 (sixth edition) AJCC melanoma database and melanoma staging system Validation of the AJCC melanoma staging system Prognostic factors in primary melanoma (stages I and II) Prognostic factors in regionally metastatic melanoma: lymph node metastases, satellite lesions, and in-transit metastases AJCC melanoma database: multivariate analysis for stage III patients Prognostic factor analyses in patients with distant metastatic melanoma (stage W) AJCC melanoma database analysis: stage IV Melanoma Staging and Classification 65 Charles M. Balch, Jeffrey E. Gershenu-ald. Seng-jaw Soong, Arthur J. Sober, John M. Kirkwood Anatomy Primary sites Regional lymph nodes Metastatic sites Rules for classification Clinical staging Pathologic staging Clinical versus pathologic staging XIX XX Contents TNM classification Primary tumor (T) Regional lymph nodes (N) Distant metastatic melanoma (M) Staging recommendations for metastases from unknown primary site Stage groupings Data-recording criteria 5 Models for Predicting Melanoma Outcome, 87 Seng-jaw Soong, Shouluan Ding, Daniel G. Coit, Charles M. Balch Description of the statistical model Hazard function Survival function Predicting outcome from initial diagnosis for patients with localized melanoma Hazard function estimation and parametric modeling for localized melanoma Predicting outcome from initial diagnosis for patients with regional melanoma Predicting outcome after a disease-free interval in patients with localized melanoma Clinical applications Clinical scoring system Disease management decisions Patient risk classification Planning clinical trials Analysis of clinical studies Other applications Part II_________________________________ screening: clinical assessment and Pathology 6 Melanoma Prevention and Screening 107 J. Mark Elwood, Jennifer Kay Makin, Craig A. Sinclair, Robert Burton Prevention of melanoma Reducing personal exposure: shade, clothing, and sunscreens Intervention trials of the prevention of skin cancers and related lesions Behavioral change programs for reducing personal exposure Vitamin D Controlling exposure to sunbeds Prevention of melanoma: recommendations Screening for melanoma Uncertainties and conflicts in melanoma screening Evidence relating to the effectiveness of screening Programs of screening Challenges in the detection of progressive melanoma 7 Clinical Genetics and Risk Assessment of Melanoma 133 Graham J. Mann, Hensin Tsao Clinical risk assessment Baseline risks attributable to age and sex Previous melanoma or other skin cancer Multiple melanocytic nevi Skin and hair color, skin phototype, and freckling Sun exposure and its surrogates Family history of melanoma Genetic risk of melanoma Mutations in CDKN2A and CDK4 in familial melanoma Pancreatic cancer and other phenotypes CDKN2A mutations in sporadic and multiple primary melanoma Melanoma risk to CDKN2A mutation carriers Low-penetrance melanoma susceptibility genes Genetic testing for melanoma risk? Management of high-risk individuals The future 8 Acquired Precursor Lesions and Phenotypic Markers of Increased Risk for Cutaneous Melanoma 145 Scott W. Menzies, Hensin Tsao, Arthur J. Sober Pigment phenotype Constitutive pigmentation (racial) Hair and eye color Oculocutaneous albinism Ephelis (freckle) Moles Benign (common) acquired moles (nevi) Atypical moles Lentigo maligna Contents xxi 9 Clinical Characteristics of Melanoma 161 Allan C. Halpern,AshfaqA. Marghoob, Arthur J. Sober Personal history of skin cancer Clinical presentation Signs and symptoms Clinical features Growth patterns Clinical assessment History Physical examinations Diagnostic accuracy and aids to diagnosis New technologies for diagnosis Image analysis for diagnosis Multispectral imaging and automated diagnosis Confocal scanning laser microscopy Other techniques: ultrasound imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and optical coherence tomography Evolving paradigms in the analysis of dermoscopic images How we analyze images 10 Biopsy of Suspected Melanomas 197 Nanette J. Liégeois, Timothy M. Johnson, Arthur J. Sober Prebiopsy lesion assessment Biopsy techniques Excisional biopsy Incisional biopsy Fine-needle aspiration Frozen sections Biopsy of the nail unit Biopsy of the mucosa 11 Pathology of Melanoma 205 Richard Anthony Scolyer, Martin C. Mihm,Jr., AlistairJ. Cochran, Klaus J. Busam, Stanley William McCarthy Pathologic assessment of melanocytic tumors: goals and expectations Biopsy techniques for clinically suspicious melanocytic tumors: the hazards of incomplete biopsies Pathologic examination of the primary melanoma site Clinical correlation for enhancement of pathologic accuracy Specimen orientation Melanoma tumor progression: the concept of radial and vertical growth phases Clinicopathologic classification of melanoma Superficial spreading melanoma Lentigo maligna melanoma Acrolentiginous melanoma Nodular melanoma Histologic features of vertical growth phase melanoma Predominantly epithelioid cell vertical growth phase Predominantly spindle cell vertical growth phase Pitfalls Mixed spindle cell and epithelioid cell vertical growth phase Nevoid vertical growth phase (nevoid melanoma) Prognostication The melanoma pathology report including a synoptic format Uncommon melanoma variants Metastatic melanoma Fine-needle biopsy in melanoma patients Clear cell sarcoma (melanoma of soft parts) Molecular pathology of melanoma The concept of the cancer stem cell The metastatic niche concept Part III Management of Localized Melanoma 12 Excision of Primary Melanoma 251 MeiTick I. Ross Excision of primary melanoma: fundamental concepts Historical perspective and the emergence of a contemporary paradigm Thin melanoma (Tl andT2; less than 2 mm) excision trials The Intergroup Melanoma Surgical Trial (T2 and T3 melanomas; 1 to 4 mm) Thicker melanoma (T3 and T4; greater than 2 mm) excision trials Current recommendations Excisions for histologic variants Techniques for routine wound closure Excisions for melanomas in unusual or restrictive locations xxn Contents 13 Complex Closures of Melanoma Excisions 275 Maurice Y. Nahabedian, Jonathan R. Stretch, Anthony P. Tufaro Principles of reconstructive surgery Assessment of the acquired defect Reconstructive options for complex wounds Definitions Undermining with primary closure Skin grafts Composite grafts Local flaps Regional flaps Free tissue transfer Tissue expansion Complex closures: regional considerations and clinical application Head and neck Trunk Extremities Surgical salvage for extensive and recurrent melanoma 14 Local Recurrences of Melanoma and Their Management 323 Kenneth K Tanabe, Douglas S. Reintgen, Charles M. Balch Definition Mechanisms Risk factors for local recurrence Surgical margins and local recurrence Sentinel node biopsy and local recurrence Timing of local recurrences Local recurrence and survival Management 15 Mucosal Melanoma 337 Menick I. Ross, Michael A. Henderson Epidemiology Pathologic features and diagnosis Staging and prognosis Mucosal melanomas in the head and neck Epidemiology Clinical presentation Differential diagnosis Prognosis and natural history Treatment Mucosal melanomas in the female genital tract Vulvar melanoma Vaginal melanoma Treatment Anorectal mucosal melanomas Clinical and pathologic features Treatment Mucosal melanomas at other sites Urinary tract Esophagus Role of radiotherapy 16 Melanoma in Children and Teenagers 351 Julie R. Lange, Ira J. Dunkel, Helen M. Shaw, Arthur J. Sober Epidemiology Congenital melanoma Precursors and risk factors Giant congenital nevi Small and medium congenital nevi Xeroderma pigmentosum Constitutional risk factors Ultraviolet exposure Clinical presentation Diagnosis and surgical management Medical management Interferon Vaccine trials Chemotherapy Outcomes Follow-up and surveillance 17 Pregnancy and the Use of Hormones in Melanoma Patients 363 Rona M. MacKie Nevi and pregnancy Pregnancy before melanoma Melanoma before pregnancy Melanoma during pregnancy Effect of pregnancy on disease outcome Transplacental metastases Treatment of melanoma during pregnancy Surgery Adjuvant nonsurgical therapy for pregnant women Chemotherapy Oral contraception and melanoma Use of oral contraception and subsequent risk of melanoma Use of oral contraceptives after treatment for melanoma Contents XXHl Hormone replacement therapy and melanoma Appropriate advice on planning pregnancy after treatment for melanoma In vitro fertilization and melanoma PartIV Management of Regional Metastases 18 The Sentinel Lymph Node and Regional Melanoma Micrometastases 373 Donald L. Morton, Alistair J. Cochran, John F Thompson, Vernon K Sondak The history and conceptual basis of sentinel node biopsy Anatomic versus functional definitions of the sentinel lymph node Incubator versus marker theory Immunology of the sentinel node Pathobiology of tumor-induced immuno- suppression of the sentinel node Sentinel node biopsy for staging clinically localized melanoma Interim results of the first Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial Survival Should lymphatic mapping and sentinel node biopsy be the standard of care for cutaneous melanoma? LM/SNB increases the chance of remaining disease free LM/SNB is a superior staging technique for identifying appropriate candidates for adjuvant therapy No noninvasive staging alternative is available Early treatment of patients with a positive sentinel node may improve survival False-positivity does not apply to the sentinel node LM/SNB for melanomas that are not intermediate in thickness Unresolved issues and ongoing research The second Multicenter Selective Lymphadenectomy Trial Carbon particle mapping 19 Lymphoscintigraphy in Patients With Melanoma 387 Roger F Uren, John F Thompson, Brendon J. Coventry, Barry E. Chatterton Definition of a sentinel node Lymphatic mapping of the skin: early studies Lymphoscintigraphy The first radiocolloid and early experience with lymphoscintigraphy Radiopharmaceuticals 99mTc-labeled colloids 99mTc-antimony sulfide colloid 99mTc-rhenium sulfide colloid and 99mTc-albumin nanocolloid 99mTc-sulfur colloid 99mTc-human serum albumin What is the ideal radiocolloid? Lymphoscintigraphy for sentinel lymph node biopsy procedures Lymphoscintigraphy technique Injecting the tracer Immediate dynamic imaging Delayed static imaging Unexpected lymphatic drainage pathways Marking the surface location of the sentinel node Radiation dosimetry: risks to the patient Radiation dosimetry: risks to the pregnant patient Radiation dosimetry: risks to attending staff Patterns of lymphatic drainage from the skin Trunk Head and neck The limbs Interval nodes Drainage to multiple node fields Complex lymphatic drainage patterns Lymphoscintigraphy in clinically involved node fields The future New tracers for lymphatic mapping Gamma probes for intraoperative detection of radioactivity Gamma cameras for intraoperative imaging Alternate methods of lymphatic mapping XXIV Contents 20 Intraoperative Mapping and Sentinel Node Technology in Patients With Melanoma 415 Jeffrey E. Gershenwald, John F. Thompson, Nicola Mozzillo, Charles M. Balch Approach to clinically negative regional lymph node basins in patients with early-stage primary cutaneous melanoma Rationale for lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy Technique for lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy Role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in pathologic regional lymph node staging: prognostic value of sentinel lymph node pathologic status Early results Prognostic significance Patterns of failure after negative sentinel lymph node biopsy Clinical relevance of submicroscopic disease Ongoing clinical trials of lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy Technical planning: overall approach Patient selection Special situations Approach to patients after previous wide local excision Approach to patients with irregular lymphatic drainage patterns Desmoplastic histology Complications and morbidity after lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy Technical considerations: lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node biopsy General operating room positioning strategies 1 Axillary and Epitrochlear Lymph Node Dissection for Melanoma 447 Kelly M. McMasters, Sandra L. Wong, Douglas S. Tyler, Charles Al Balch, John F. Thompson Axillary dissection Anatomy Surgical technique Operative approaches to the upper axilla for recurrent or bulky axillary metastases Postoperative management Complications Epitrochlear dissection Rationale Anatomy Surgical technique 22 Inguinofemoral, Iliac/Obturator, and Popliteal Lymphadenectomy in Patients With Melanoma 457 Lisa K Jacobs, Charles M. Balch, Daniel G. Coit Inguinofemoral dissection Indications Technique Modifications of the classic technique of inguinofemoral lymphadenectomy Iliac/obturator (deep pelvic) lymph node dissection Indications Benefits Operative technique Postoperative complications: incidence and risk factors Complications of lymph node dissection Management of postoperative complications Popliteal dissection Indications Operative technique 23 Neck Dissection and Parotidectomy for Melanoma 471 Anthony P. Tufaro, Suhail K Mithani, Joseph A. Califano HI, Ashok Shaha Anatomy Sublevels Patterns of metastatic spread and extent of dissection Neck dissection Comprehensive neck dissection Selective neck dissection Complications Parotidectomy Preoperative evaluation Anesthesia and positioning Technique Complications Clinical outcome Adjuvant radiotherapy 24 Recurrent Regional Metastases of Melanoma 487 Daniel G. Coit, Cristina R. Ferrone In-transit metastases Incidence Treatment Adjuvant therapy Prognosis Contents XXV Recurrent nodal metastases after lymph node dissection Incidence Treatment Prognosis Adjuvant therapy 25 Radiotherapy for Primary and Regional Melanoma 499 Graham Stevens, Bryan Burmeister Role of radiotherapy in the management of primary melanoma Adjuvant radiotherapy after surgical excision Results of curative radiotherapy alone Radiotherapy for lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma Treatment recommendations for the use of radiotherapy in primary melanoma and lentigo maligna Illustrative cases Role of radiotherapy in the management of in-transit metastasis Treatment recommendations for the use of radiotherapy for in-transit melanoma Illustrative cases Role of radiotherapy in the management of regional lymph node metastasis Adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy after regional lymph node dissection Results of adjuvant radiotherapy after complete lymph node dissection Adjuvant radiotherapy after limited lymph node dissection Preoperative radiotherapy for bulky nodal disease Palliative radiotherapy for unresectable regional nodal disease Treatment recommendations for the use of radiotherapy in regional nodal metastasis Adjuvant radiotherapy after complete lymph node dissection Adjuvant radiotherapy after limited lymph node dissection or no dissection Therapeutic (palliative) radiotherapy Illustrative cases 26 Hyperthermic Regional Perfusion for Melanoma of the Limbs 519 H. Richard Alexander, Jr., Douglas L. Fraker, Alexander M.M. Eggermont Epidemiology and natural history Historical perspective and early clinical series Technical aspects of isolated limb perfusion Melphalan Pharmacokinetics of melphalan in isolated limb perfusion Other chemotherapeutic agents Hyperthermia Tumor necrosis factor Toxicity of isolated limb perfusion Adjuvant isolated limb perfusion Therapeutic limb perfusion Melphalan alone Melphalan and tumor necrosis factor 27 Isolated Limb Infusion for Melanoma 541 Georgia M. Beasley, Hidde M. Kroon, Merrick I. Ross, Peter CA. Kam, John F. Thompson, Douglas S. Tyler Similarities and differences between isolated limb infusion and conventional hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion Patient selection for isolated limb infusion Technical details of the isolated limb infusion procedure Preoperative assessment and management Insertion and positioning of arterial and venous catheters Procedure in the operating room Postoperative care Pharmacokinetics of melphalan Use of microdialysis to monitor drug concentrations in limb tissues and tumor deposits during isolated limb infusion Limb and systemic toxicity after isolated limb infusion Factors predicting toxicity after isolated limb infusion Clinical results of isolated limb infusion Factors predicting outcome after isolated limb infusion Limb temperatures during isolated limb infusion Tourniquet times Interpretation of prognostic factors data Repeat isolated limb infusion for disease progression after initial isolated limb infusion Comparison with hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion Laboratory studies of isolated limb infusion Potential use of the isolated limb infusion technique to evaluate other drugs and biologic agents XXVI Contents PartV Diagnosis and Local Treatment of Distant Metastases 28 Metastatic Surveillance and Follow-up of Melanoma Patients 563 Julie R. Lange, Axel Hauschild, Anne Brecht Francken Goals of surveillance Patterns of melanoma recurrence Risk of local and regional recurrence Time to recurrence Strategies for active follow-up of melanoma patients Detection of recurrences Role of physical examination Patient education Patient well-being and follow-up Follow-up schedules Radiologic studies and laboratory tests Screening for risk of new primary melanomas Screening for other primary cancers Current recommendations for surveillance 2 9 Diagnosis of Stage IV Melanoma 573 Michael B. Atkins, Axel Hauschild, Richard L. Wahl, Charles M. Balch Timing of distant metastasis Pattern of metastasis Prognosis and prognostic factors Sites of distant metastases Number of metastatic sites Elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase Duration of remission Performance status Other prognostic factors Clinical evaluation of metastasis History and physical examination Laboratory tests/biomarkers Radiologic tests Pathologic tests Sites of distant metastases Skin, subcutaneous tissues, and distant lymph nodes Lung, pleura, and mediastinum Brain and spinal cord Gastrointestinal tract Liver, biliar}- tract, and spleen Bone Kidneys and urinary tract Heart and pericardium Pancreas Peritoneum and mesentery Endocrine organs Breast Ovaries, uterus, and placenta Testes and penis Oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx Eye and orbit Cutaneous melanosis Metastatic melanoma from an unknown primary site Surveillance in patients who have localized melanoma 30 Surgical Excision of Distant Melanoma Metastases 603 John F. Thompson, Donald L. Morton, Charles M. Balch, Merrick I. Ross Current status of surgery for stage IV melanoma Relationships between tumor burden, immune function, and surgical treatment Selection of patients and prognostic factors Outcomes after surgical resection of melanoma metastases at specific sites Skin, subcutaneous tissue, and lymph nodes Lung, trachea, and bronchi Brain and spinal cord Gastrointestinal tract Liver, biliary tract, and spleen Bone Kidney and urinary tract Heart and pericardium Endocrine organs Breast Ovaries, uterus, and vagina Testes and penis Oral cavity and pharynx Eye and orbit 31 Radiotherapy for Distant Metastases and Clinical Radiobiology of Melanoma 629 Graham Stevens, Angela Hong, Michael J. McKay Radiotherapy for distant metastases Skin and subcutaneous metastases Lymph node metastases Brain metastases Malignant spinal cord compression Bone metastases Sites irradiated less commonly Developing sites for focused radiation treatment Illustrative cases Clinical radiobiology of melanoma Biologic factors affecting the ionizing radiation response of melanoma Intrinsic cellular radiosensitivity Tumor oxygenation and microenvironmental factors Contents XXVll Tumor cell proliferation kinetics Number of clonogenic tumor cells Influence of melanization on radiosensitivity Host factors in melanoma response and outcome Future possibilities Methods to improve the response of melanoma cells Methods to improve the delivery of radiation to melanoma metastases 3 2 Multidisciplinary Management of CNS Melanoma Metastases 651 Kim A. Margolin, George M. Cannon, Minesh P. Mehta, Michael Y. Chen Risk factors and prognosis Clinical features Neurosurgical management of brain metastasis Radiotherapeutic and radiosurgical management of melanoma metastatic to the brain or spine Whole-brain radiotherapy Whole-brain radiotherapy alone Surgery followed by whole-brain radiotherapy Stereotactic radiosurgery Systemic therapy for melanoma metastatic to the central nervous system Systemic therapy considerations after adequate control of the central nervous system Palliative approach Aggressive approach Investigational approach Part VI____________________ Systemic Treatment of Metastatic Disease 3 3 Adjuvant Systemic Therapy for High-Risk Melanoma Patients 669 John M. Kirkwood, Vernon K. Sondak, Peter Mersey, Helen Gogas Who should be considered for adjuvant therapy? Chemotherapy alone or in multiagent combinations as adjuvant therapy for melanoma Microbial immunostimulants Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Corynebacterium parvum Levamisole Hormonal therapy Melanoma vaccines tested in phase III adjuvant trials Adjuvant interferons as postoperative adjuvant therapy for melanoma Adjuvant applications of interferon-alpha-2 Adjuvant applications of interferon-gamma Emerging new modalities of adjuvant therapy Biomarkers of prognosis and response 34 Chemotherapy-Based Treatment of Metastatic Melanoma 693 Michael B.Atkins, Mark R. Middleton, Paul B. Chapman Single-agent chemotherapy Dacarbazine and temozolomide Nitrosoureas Platinums Microtubule toxins Combination cytotoxic chemotherapy Nitrosourea combinations Taxane-based combination therapy Cisplatin-based combination therapy Chemohormonal therapy Biochemotherapy Interferon alpha-based biochemotherapy regimens Interleukin-2-based regimens Interleukin-2 and DTIC/temozolomide combinations Cisplatin and interleukin-2-based biochemo- therapy regimens Inpatient concurrent biochemotherapy regimens Phase III biochemotherapy trials Other biochemotherapy investigations Non-interleukin-2 or interferon-based biochemotherapy combinations Chemotherapy and antiangiogenic or targeted therapy Antiangiogenic agents Antiapoptosis-inducing agents Selection of future phase III trials 3 5 Interferon Therapy for Melanoma 715 Ernest C. Borden, StergiosJ. Moschos, John M. Kirkwood Endogenous interferons as part of the host response to cancer The family of interferon proteins and signaling activation Mechanisms of antitumor action in melanoma Signaling by interferons Cellular mechanisms of action of interferons Interferon-alpha-2 in the treatment of melanoma The future of interferons in melanoma biology and therapy XXVlll Contents 36 Interleukins and Cellular Therapies for Melanoma 731 Douglas J. Schwartzentruber Pharmacology of interleukin-2 Immunologic activity of interleukin-2 Systemic effects of interleukin-2 Clinical efficacy of high-dose interleukin-2 alone Clinical efficacy of alternate doses, routes, and schedules of interleukin-2 alone Clinical efficacy of interleukin-2 combined with interferon-alpha Clinical efficacy of interleukin-2 combined with other cytokines, immune modulators, antibodies, or vaccines Agents to reduce the toxicity of interleukin-2 Predictors of clinical response Other cytokines for treatment of metastatic melanoma Clinical efficacy of interleukin-2 combined with cellular therapy 37 Melanoma Vaccines 757 Jedd D. Wolchok, Jeffrey S. Weber Tumor immunology Antigen discovery Adjuvants Vaccine approaches Cell vaccines Transduced cell vaccines HLA-restricted melanoma-associated antigenic peptides Ganglioside vaccines Antiidiotypic monoclonal antibodies mimicking ganglioside antigens Protein antigens Heat-shock protein-based vaccines DNA vaccination Dendritic cell vaccines Recombinant viral vaccines Combination strategies and the future of melanoma vaccines 38 Immune Modulators in the Treatment of Patients With Melanoma 775 James P. Allison, F. Stephen Hodi, Yvonne M. Saenger, Jedd D. Wolchok Biology of CTLA-4-mediated immune inhibition Preclinical development of anti-CTLA-4 as an anticancer agent Anti-CTLA-4: clinical experience in melanoma Efficacy of CTLA-4 blockade: summary of clinical trials to date CTLA-4 blockade and immune-related adverse events Kinetics of response Patient selection and predictors of toxicity and antitumor response Dose and schedule of anti-CTLA-4 administration Correlative immunologic studies Vaccination strategies in combination with CTLA-4 blockade Combination of CTLA-4 blockade and GM-CSF vaccination in murine models Clinical investigation of combination CTLA-4 blockade and autologous GM-CSF-secreting tumor vaccination CTLA-4 blockade with peptide vaccines Other CTLA-4 antibody and immunotherapy combinations 39 Melanoma-Specific Targeted Therapies 793 Paul B. Chapman, David B. Sold, Keith T. Flaherty Targeting cell surface molecules Targeting receptor tyrosine kinases expressed in melanoma Monoclonal antibodies Targeting intracellular molecules The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in melanoma Drugs that inhibit BRAF Hsp90 inhibitors Drags that inhibit MEK Targeting PI3/AKT pathway Angiogenesis inhibition in melanoma Part VII_________________________________ Biology of Melanoma 40 Genetics and Molecular Pathology of Melanoma 807 Boris C. Bastian, Daniel Pinkel, Amaya Viros Distinct patterns of epidemiologic, clinical, and histopathologic features in melanoma Emerging melanoma subtypes based on genotype- phenotype correlations Melanomas on sun-exposed sites Melanomas on relatively or absolutely UV-protected sites Melanocytic tumors arising without associations to epithelial structures Contents XXIX 41 Biology of Melanocytes and Primary Melanoma 821 Glenn Merlino, Vincent J. Hearing Development of melanoblasts Regulation of specification Regulation of migration Regulation of survival and proliferation Differentiation of melanocytes Regulation of differentiation Regulation of survival Melanomagenesis From melanocyte to melanoma: a multistep process Molecular genetics: early lessons from familial and sporadic melanoma Melanoma: a consequence of homeostatic disruption Melanoma: cell of origin Melanoma and the environment Sun exposure and epidemiology Photobiology and melanoma 42 Biology of Melanoma Metastasis 847 Menashe Bar-Eli, Isaiah J. Fidler The pathogenesis of melanoma metastasis Transcriptional regulation of melanoma progression Role of AP-2-a in melanoma progression Role of CREB/ATF-1 in melanoma progression Involvement of ATF-2 in melanoma progression SNAIL: its regulatory pathway in melanoma MITF: its role in melanoma progression Regulation of melanoma metastasis by the tumor microenvironment Role of platelet-activating factor receptor Potential therapeutic approaches to inhibiting melanoma metastasis Using fully humanized antibodies to MCAM/MUC18 to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis of human melanoma Using fully humanized neutralizing antibodies to interleukin-8 (ABX-IL-8) to inhibit angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis of human melanoma 43 Immunology of Melanoma 865 Suzanne L. Topalian, Lieping Chen, Janis M. Taube, Paul F. Robbins, Jedd D. Wolchok, Alan N. Houghton Innate immunity Adaptive immunity Melanoma antigens General principles for identification of tumor antigens recognized by T cells and antibodies Nonmutated self-antigens Mutant melanoma antigens Altered peptide ligands: enhancing the immunogenicity of low-affinity melanoma epitopes Experimental models Immune regulation and tolerance Costimulatory/coinhibitory receptors Regulatory T cells Cytokines Implications for immunotherapy 44 Biomarkers for Melanoma 883 Elizabeth A. Grimm, Dave S.B. Hoon, Lyn McDivitt Duncan Potential clinical impact of melanoma biomarkers Melanoma heterogeneity Melanoma biomarker discovery and validation process Biomarkers in early-stage melanoma Molecular markers in primary cutaneous melanoma Biomarkers for later-stage melanoma Molecular markers in sentinel lymph nodes Molecular markers in blood Molecular markers in metastatic tumors Additional Credits 899 Index 901
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illustrated	Illustrated
indexdate	2024-07-09T21:42:21Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9781576262764
language	English
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017700432
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open_access_boolean
owner	DE-29
owner_facet	DE-29
physical	921 S. zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst.
publishDate	2009
publishDateSearch	2009
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publisher	Quality Medical Publ.
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spelling	Cutaneous melanoma ed. by Charles M. Balch ... 5. ed. St. Louis, Mo. Quality Medical Publ. 2009 921 S. zahlr. Ill. u. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Melanoma Skin Neoplasms Skin Cancer Melanom (DE-588)4074707-4 gnd rswk-swf Melanom (DE-588)4074707-4 s DE-604 Balch, Charles M. Sonstige oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017700432&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Cutaneous melanoma Melanoma Skin Neoplasms Skin Cancer Melanom (DE-588)4074707-4 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4074707-4
title	Cutaneous melanoma
title_auth	Cutaneous melanoma
title_exact_search	Cutaneous melanoma
title_full	Cutaneous melanoma ed. by Charles M. Balch ...
title_fullStr	Cutaneous melanoma ed. by Charles M. Balch ...
title_full_unstemmed	Cutaneous melanoma ed. by Charles M. Balch ...
title_short	Cutaneous melanoma
title_sort	cutaneous melanoma
topic	Melanoma Skin Neoplasms Skin Cancer Melanom (DE-588)4074707-4 gnd
topic_facet	Melanoma Skin Neoplasms Skin Cancer Melanom
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017700432&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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