Modern classical optics:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ., repr. with corr. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Oxford master series in physics
8 : atomic, optical, and laser physics |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke |
| Beschreibung: | XIV, 397 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780198599654 0198599641 9780198599647 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Brooker, Geoffrey |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Modern classical optics |c Geoffrey Brooker |
| 250 | |a 1. publ., repr. with corr. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Oxford [u.a.] |b Oxford Univ. Press |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a XIV, 397 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Oxford master series in physics |v 8 : atomic, optical, and laser physics | |
| 500 | |a Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804139294784225280 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Electromagnetism
and basic optics
1
1.1
Introduction
.......................... 1
1.2
The Maxwell equations
.................... 1
1.3
Linear
isotropie
media
.................... 2
1.4
Plane electromagnetic waves
................. 3
1.5
Energy flow
.......................... 4
1.6
Scalar wave amplitudes
................... 5
1.7
Dispersive media
....................... 6
1.8
Electrical transmission lines
................. 6
1.9
Elementary (ray) optics
................... 8
1.9.1
The thin lens
..................... 8
1.9.2
Sign conventions
.................... 10
1.9.3
Refraction at a spherical surface
........... 10
1.9.4
The thick lens
..................... 12
1.10
Rays and waves
........................ 12
Problems
.............................. 13
Fourier series and Fourier transforms
21
2.1
Introduction
.......................... 21
2.2
Fourier series: spectrum of a periodic waveform
...... 21
2.3
Fourier series: a mathematical reshape
........... 22
2.4
The Fourier transform: spectrum of a non-periodic
waveform
........................... 23
2.5
The analytic signal
...................... 25
2.6
The Dirac ¿-function
..................... 26
2.7
Frequency and angular frequency
.............. 26
2.8
The power spectrum
..................... 27
2.9
Examples of Fourier transforms
............... 27
2.9.1
A single rectangular pulse
.............. 27
2.9.2
The double pulse
................... 29
2.9.3
A ¿-function pulse
................... 29
2.9.4
A regular array of ¿-functions
............ 30
2.9.5
A random array of ¿-functions
............ 30
2.9.6
An
infinite
sinewave
.................. 30
2.10
Convolution and the convolution theorem
......... 31
2.11
Examples of convolution
................... 31
2.12
Sign choices with Fourier transforms
............ 32
Problems
.............................. 33
χ
Contents
Diffraction
44
3.1
Introduction
.......................... 44
3.2
Monochromatic spherical wave
............... 44
3.3
The
Kirchhoff
diffraction integral
.............. 44
3.4
The
Kirchhoff
boundary conditions
............ . 46
3.5
Simplifying the
Kirchhoff
integral
.............. 46
3.6
Complementary screens: the Babinet principle
...... 49
3.7
The
Fraunhofer
condition I: provisional
.......... 51
3.8 Fraunhofer
diffraction in one dimension
.......... 51
3.9 Fraunhofer
diffraction in two dimensions
......... 53
3.10
Two ways of looking at diffraction
............. 55
3.11
Examples of
Fraunhofer
diffraction
............. 57
3.12 Fraunhofer
diffraction and Fourier transforms
....... 61
3.13
The
Fraunhofer
condition II: Rayleigh distance and
Fresnel number
........................ 62
3.14
The
Fraunhofer
condition III: object and image
...... 64
3.15
The Fresnel case of diffraction
................ 66
3.16 Fraunhofer
diffraction and optical resolution
........ 68
3.17
Surfaces whose fields are related by a Fourier transform
. 69
3.18 Kirchhoff
boundary conditions: a harder look
....... 70
Problems
.............................. 72
Diffraction gratings
86
4.1
Introduction
.......................... 86
4.2
A basic transmission grating
................. 86
4.3
The multiple-element pattern
................ 86
4.4
Reflection grating
....................... 88
4.5
Blazing
............................ 89
4.6
Grating spectrometric instruments
............. 90
4.7
Spectroscopic resolution
................... 92
4.8
Making gratings
....................... 94
4.9
Tricks of the trade
...................... 95
4.9.1
Normal spectrum
................... 95
4.9.2
Correct illumination
................. 96
4.9.3
Shortening exposure times with a spectrograph
. . 97
4.9.4
Vacuum instruments
................. 97
4.9.5
Double monochromator
................ 97
4.9.6
An inventor s paradise
................ 98
4.10
Beyond the simple theory
.................. 99
Problems
.............................. 100
The Fabry-Perot
109
5.1
Introduction
.......................... 109
5.2
Elementary theory
...................... 109
5.3
Basic apparatus
........................
Ill
5.4
The meaning of finesse
.................... 112
5.5
Free spectral range and resolution
............. 113
5.5.1
Free spectral range
.................. 113
Contents xi
5.5.2 Resolution.......................114
5.6
Analysis of
an
etalon
fringe pattern.............
115
5.7
Flatness and parallelism of Fabry-Perot plates
......117
5.8
Designing a Fabry-Perot to do a job
............118
5.9
Practicalities of spectroscopy using a Fabry-Perot
.... 120
5.10
The Fabry-Perot as a source of ideas
............122
Problems
..............................122
Thin films
132
6.1
Introduction
..........................132
6.2
Basic calculation for one layer
................132
6.3
Matrix elimination of middle amplitudes
.........134
6.4
Reflected and transmitted waves
..............135
6.5
Impedance concepts
.....................135
6.6
High-reflectivity mirrors
...................137
6.7
Anti-reflection coatings
....................139
6.8
Interference filters
......................140
6.9
Practicalities of thin-film deposition
............141
Problems
..............................144
Ray matrices and Gaussian beams
150
7.1
Introduction
.......................... 150
7.2
Matrix methods in ray optics
................ 150
7.3
Matrices for translation and refraction
........... 151
7.4
Reflections
........................... 152
7.5
Spherical waves
........................ 153
7.6
Gaussian beams
........................ 154
7.7
Properties of a Gaussian beam
............... 155
7.8
Sign conventions
....................... 156
7.9
Propagation of a Gaussian beam
.............. 156
7.10
Electric and magnetic fields
................. 159
Problems
.............................. 160
Optical cavities
170
8.1
Introduction
..........................170
8.2
Gauss-Hermite beams
....................170
8.3
Cavity resonator
.......................171
8.4
Cavity modes
.........................172
8.5
The condition for a low-loss mode
.............174
8.6
Finding the mode shape for a cavity
............177
8.7
Longitudinal modes
.....................178
8.8
High-loss cavities
.......................178
8.9
The symmetrical confocal cavity
..............180
8.10
The confocal Fabry-Perot
..................181
8.11
Choice of cavity geometry for a laser
............182
8.12
Selection of a desired transverse mode
...........182
8.13
Mode matching
........................183
Problems
..............................183
xii Contents
9
Coherence:
qualitative 194
9.1
Introduction
..........................194
9.2
Terminology
..........................194
9.3
Young fringes: tolerance to frequency range
........196
9.4
Young fringes: tolerance to collimation
...........196
9.5
Coherence area
........................198
9.6
The Michelson stellar interferometer
............199
9.7
Aperture synthesis
......................200
9.8
Longitudinal and transverse coherence
...........201
9.9
Interference of two parallel plane waves
..........202
9.10
Fast and slow detectors
...................204
9.11
Coherence time and coherence length
............204
9.12
A Michelson interferometer investigating longitudinal
coherence
...........................207
9.13
Fringe visibility
........................209
9.14
Orders of magnitude
.....................210
9.15
Discussion
...........................210
9.15.1
What of lasers?
....................211
9.15.2
The Young slits: another look
............211
9.15.3
Fast and slow detectors: another look
.......212
9.15.4
Grating monochromator: another look
.......212
9.15.5
Polarized and unpolarized light
...........213
Problems
..............................213
10
Coherence: correlation functions
219
10.1
Introduction
..........................219
10.2
Correlation function: definition
...............219
10.3
Autocorrelation and the Michelson interferometer
.....221
10.4
Normalized autocorrelation function
............221
10.5
Fringe visibility
........................222
10.6
The Wiener-Khintchine theorem
..............222
10.7
Fourier transform spectroscopy
...............223
10.8
Partial coherence: transverse
................226
10.9
The van Cittert-Zernike theorem
..............227
10.10
Intensity correlation
.....................229
10.11
Chaotic light and laser light
................229
10.12
The Hanbury Brown-Twiss experiment
..........230
10.13
Stellar diameters measured by intensity correlation
. . . 232
10.14
Classical and quantum optics
...............233
Problems
..............................235
11
Optical practicalities:
étendue,
interferometry,
fringe
localization
249
11.1
Introduction
..........................249
11.2
Energy flow:
étendue
and radiance
.............249
11.3
Conservation of
étendue
and radiance
...........250
11.4
Longitudinal and transverse modes
.............251
11.5
Étendue
and coherence area
.................251
Contents xiii
11.6
Field modes
ала
entropy
...................252
11.7
Radiance of some optical sources
..............253
11.7.1
Radiance of a black body
..............253
11.7.2
Radiance of a gas-discharge lamp
..........253
11.7.3
Radiance of a light-emitting diode (led)
......254
11.8
Etendue
and interferometers
.................254
11.9
Étendue
and spectrometers
.................255
11.10
A design study: a Fourier-transform spectrometer
.... 256
11.11
Fringe localization
......................256
Problems
..............................260
12
Image formation: diffraction theory
272
12.1
Introduction
..........................272
12.2
Image formation with transversely coherent illumination:
informal
............................272
12.3
Image formation: ideal optical system
...........274
12.4
Image formation: imperfect optical system
.........275
12.5
Microscope resolution: Abbe theory
............275
12.5.1
Abbe theory: introduction
..............276
12.5.2
Abbe theory: explanation
..............276
12.6
Improving the basic microscope
...............278
12.7
Phase contrast
........................279
12.8
Dark-ground illumination
..................281
12.9 Schlieren............................281
12.10
Apodizing
..........................282
12.11
Holography
..........................283
12.12
The point spread function
.................283
12.13
Optical transfer function; modulation transfer function
. 284
Problems
..............................286
13
Holography
292
13.1
Introduction
..........................292
13.2
Special case: plane-wave object beam and plane-wave
reference beam
........................293
13.3
The intensity of the reference beam
.............294
13.4
The response of a photographic emulsion
..........295
13.5
The theory of holography
..................297
13.6
Formation of an image
....................299
13.7
What if we break a hologram in half?
...........300
13.8
Replay with changed optical geometry
...........301
13.9
The effect of a thick photographic emulsion
........302
13.10
Phase holograms
.......................303
13.11
Gabor s holograms
.....................303
13.12
Practicalities
.........................304
13.13
Applications of holography
.................305
Problems
..............................306
xiv Contents
14
Optical fibres
311
14.1
Introduction
..........................311
14.2
Fibre optics: basics
......................312
14.3
Transverse modes
.......................313
14.4
Dispersion
...........................316
14.4.1
Material dispersion
..................317
14.4.2 Intermodal
and
intramodal
dispersion
.......317
14.5
Multimode fibres
.......................318
14.6
Single-mode fibres
......................318
Problems
..............................319
15
Polarization
324
15.1
Introduction
..........................324
15.2 Anisotropie
media
......................324
15.3
The mathematics of anisotropy
...............324
15.4
The understanding of tensor
Єц
...............325
15.5
The Faraday effect
......................326
15.6
Optical activity
........................327
Problems
..............................327
16
Two modern optical devices
337
16.1
Introduction
..........................337
16.2
Compact disc: description of the disc
............337
16.3
Compact disc: the encoding scheme
............338
16.4
Optics of reading a compact disc
..............339
16.5
Feedback systems
.......................340
16.5.1
Correction of tracking
................340
16.5.2
Correction of focus
..................341
16.6
CD-ROM
...........................342
16.7
DVD
..............................342
16.8
The confocal microscope
...................343
16.9
Confocal microscope: resolution
...............344
16.10
The confocal microscope: depth of focus
.........344
Problems
..............................345
Notes on selected problems
346
Bibliography
383
Index
387
|
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| id | DE-604.BV035623072 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:41:48Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780198599654 0198599641 9780198599647 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017678171 |
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| owner_facet | DE-91G DE-BY-TUM DE-703 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
| physical | XIV, 397 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Oxford Univ. Press |
| record_format | marc |
| series | Oxford master series in physics |
| series2 | Oxford master series in physics |
| spelling | Brooker, Geoffrey Verfasser aut Modern classical optics Geoffrey Brooker 1. publ., repr. with corr. Oxford [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2008 XIV, 397 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Oxford master series in physics 8 : atomic, optical, and laser physics Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke Optik (DE-588)4043650-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4143389-0 Aufgabensammlung gnd-content (DE-588)4123623-3 Lehrbuch gnd-content Optik (DE-588)4043650-0 s DE-604 Oxford master series in physics 8 : atomic, optical, and laser physics (DE-604)BV017064373 8 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017678171&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Brooker, Geoffrey Modern classical optics Oxford master series in physics Optik (DE-588)4043650-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4043650-0 (DE-588)4143389-0 (DE-588)4123623-3 |
| title | Modern classical optics |
| title_auth | Modern classical optics |
| title_exact_search | Modern classical optics |
| title_full | Modern classical optics Geoffrey Brooker |
| title_fullStr | Modern classical optics Geoffrey Brooker |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modern classical optics Geoffrey Brooker |
| title_short | Modern classical optics |
| title_sort | modern classical optics |
| topic | Optik (DE-588)4043650-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Optik Aufgabensammlung Lehrbuch |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017678171&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| volume_link | (DE-604)BV017064373 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT brookergeoffrey modernclassicaloptics |