The Russian Revolution: 1900 - 1927
Saved in:
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Basingstoke, Hampshire
Palgrave Macmillan
2009
|
| Edition: | 4. ed. |
| Series: | Studies in European history
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Register // Gemischte Register |
| Item Description: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-123) and index |
| Physical Description: | XI, 138 S. Ill., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780230220409 0230220401 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Russian Revolution |b 1900 - 1927 |c Robert Service |
| 250 | |a 4. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Basingstoke, Hampshire |b Palgrave Macmillan |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a XI, 138 S. |b Ill., Kt. | ||
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| 490 | 0 | |a Studies in European history | |
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-123) and index | ||
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| 651 | 4 | |a Russland | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Sowjetunion | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Russia |x History |y 1904-1914 | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Soviet Union |x History |y Revolution, 1917-1921 | |
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Record in the Search Index
| _version_ | 1824627349337931776 |
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Contents
Editors'
Preface
vii
List of Cartoons
viii
List of Maps
ix
Preface
x
Introduction
1
1
Unstable Structure,
1900-1914 14
St Petersburg and the world in
1900 16
The Romanov monarchy before
1905 18
Economic progress
22
The transforming of Imperial society
24
Social discontents
28
Political upheaval:
1905-1906 30
The limits of the regime's adaptiveness
33
Social resilience and institutional growth
35
Economic problems before
1914 38
Political instability
40
2
Demolition,
1915-1917 43
War and the gathering economic crisis
45
Social commotion
47
The February Revolution of
1917 50
Aspirations in society
54
'Dual power'
56
Contents
Economie
breakdown and social reactions
58
Mass organisations
61
The Bolshevik party
64
Disintegration of the state
67
The October Revolution of
1917 69
Experimental Construction,
1917-1927 71
Euphoria and aversion
74
Economic and military prostration:
1917-1918 75
Social reforms and mass participation
77
Repression
80
Civil War:
1917-1921 82
Resistance to Bolshevism
87
The
NEP
and economic recovery:
1921-1927 91
Social adjustment and survival
93
The party and the political system
96
Moscow and the world in
1927 101
Conclusions
105
Select Bibliography
108
Chronology of Events
124
Index
129
Index
ABC
Of Communism, The,
99
absentee landlordism,
26-27, 79
Africa,
17
agrarian policies: of Imperial
monarchy,
22, 29, 33-34,
37-39, 46
of Provisional Government,
51,
55, 58, 60
of Soviet government,
74, 79,
87,95-96, 103, 107
agrarian socialism,
30
see also populism,
Socialist-Revolutionaries,
Left Socialist
Revolutionaries
agriculture,
21, 23-25, 27, 37-40,
46, 51, 58, 79-80, 86, 89, 92,
101, 103
see also agrarian policies,
collective farms, mass
collectivisation, New
Economic Policy, Stolypin
agronomists,
95
alcoholism,
37
see also vodka
Alexander II, Emperor,
20,
26-27, 30
Alexander III, Emperor,
27
Alexandra, Empress,
48
Alexeev, M. V.,
80, 83
Allies, the,
41, 46, 51, 57,
68,86
All-Russia Central Executive
Committee
oí
the Congress
of Soviets,
61—63
its Presidium,
62
anti-Bolshevik communism,
97
anti-semitism,
35, 48, 86
April Theses, The,
64
Archangel,
86
armaments industry,
21, 25, 39,
46, 50, 76, 101
armed forces, see army, navy
Armenians,
25, 36, 68
army: under Imperial monarchy,
17, 20-22, 33, 41-42, 45-46,
49-50
in
1917, 55, 58
Red Army,
83-85, 87-89,
94-97
White Armies,
80, 83, 85, 87
army officers,
20, 22, 49, 55, 80,
83, 85, 87
Asia,
17
Assembly of Plenipotentiaries,
81
atheism,
37, 95, 99
Austria-Hungary,
17, 41-42, 58
see also Central Powers
Azerbaijan,
75, 98
Azéris,
18, 68
Bauer,
О., З
Baku,
18, 23, 63, 75
Balkans,
17, 35, 68
129
Index
Baltic
fleet,
39
see also
Kronstadt
bankers,
27-28, 42, 64
see also Peasants' Land Bank
Bavaria,
88
Belorussia,77,
84
Belorussians,
36
Berdyaev, N.,
3
Berlin,
36, 41, 88
Birmingham,
28
Black Hundreds,
35
black market,
89
Black Sea,
24, 57, 85
Black Sea fleet,
33
'Bloody Sunday'
(1905), 31
Bolsheviks,
1-6, 8, 14, 16, 69-78,
80-87, 89,91-92, 94, 96-98,
100-102, 105-106
see also Central Committee,
Politburo, Orgburo,
Secretariat and individual
leaders
Bolshevism,
8, 65, 73, 79, 81, 86,
88,105
see Bolsheviks
Bosnia,
42
Brest-Litovsk, treaty of,
73, 77,
82-83
Britain,
17, 21, 26, 28-29, 39, 86
Brusilov,
Α. Α.,
58
Bukharin,
N.
I.,
6, 77, 101-103
Bulgaria,
23
capital, transfer of Russia's
political,
82
capitalism in the Russian empire
and the USSR,
14, 18, 22,
27-28, 30, 40, 43, 57, 59, 79,
91,93, 101
Carnegie Foundation,
4
Caspian Sea,
18, 63
Catherine II,
20
Caucasus,
17, 22, 25, 36, 75
censorship,
20, 35, 95
central Asia,
17-Ì8,
50, 97
Central Committee (Bolshevik),
64, 66, 69, 76, 80, 83, 98
Central Control Commission
(Bolshevik),
98
Central Powers,
41, 47-48, 73
see also Austria-Hungary,
Germany
central Russia,
39, 75, 81
ceremonies and festivals,
37, 100
Chamberlin, W. H.,
4
'Change of Landmarks' group,
4
Chaplin, C,
95
Cheka,
81,84, 87,97
chemical industry,
23
Chernov, V. M.,
57-58, 62, 68
China,
17-18
Christian belief,
15, 35, 37, 95
see also Church, priests
Church, Russian Orthodox,
15,
21, 31, 35, 54, 97, 99
see also Christian belief, priests
Churchill, W. S.,
2, 103
cinema,
95
civil servants: under Imperial
monarchy,
21-22, 25, 27, 30,
33, 42, 94
under Provisional Government,
55
under Soviet Government,
79,
96,101
Civil War,
2, 71-72, 82-89, 94-96,
98,105-106
climate,
18
coal,
18, 23, 59,99
coalition: in the Provisional
Government,
57, 62, 68
in Sovnarkom,
80—81, 83
collective farms,
80, 88, 101-103
collectivisation, mass, see mass
collectivisation
Comintern, see Communist
International
committees of village poor,
88
communes, land,
16, 25, 29-30,
32, 38-39, 55, 61, 79, 86, 95
communications
15, 87, 72
communism, see anti-Bolshevik
communism, Bolshevism,
Marxism
130
Index
Communist International,
85
Congress of Soviets:
First,
61
Second,
69-70
conscription,
43, 45, 47—51, 55,
67, 71,87-88
conservatives,
14, 33-34, 41-42, 50
see also Octobrists
Constituent Assembly,
51, 53—55,
60,64,81-83
Constitutional-Democrats, see
Kadets
co-operatives,
37—38
corruption,
34, 99
Cossacks,
75, 84, 86
cotton,
24, 92
Council of Ministers, Imperial,
20, 33
Council of People's Commissars,
see Sovnarkom
Council of United Nobility,
49
courts-martial,
34
Crimea,
85
Crimean Tartars,
48
Crimean War,
2
1
Cuba,
82
cults of rulers: emperors,
20
Lenin,
99
cultural development: under
Imperial monarchy,
16—17,
21,25,37
in
1917,57
under Soviet government,
84,100
Czech legion,
82
dairy output,
24
Das Kapital, 35
see also Marx, Marxism
De-Cossackisation,
84
Democratic Centralists
(Bolsheviks),
91
Democratic Conference,
68-69
demographic composition,
18,
31, 36,73, 75, 84,96
Denikin, A. I.,
83, 85-87
dictatorship of the proletariat,
64,
71-72, 81, 88, 106
direct taxes, see under taxation
Dnieper, river,
38
Dobb, M.,
4
domestic servants,
25
Donets Basin,
18, 99
'Dual power',
53, 56-58, 60
Duma,
33, 41
First,
33
Fourth,
42, 49-51
Second,
33
Third,
33-34
Duranty, W.,
4
Eastern front,
45-46, 48-49, 51,
58, 68
Eastman, M.,
4
education,
2, 4, 14, 17, 26-27, 37,
63, 98, 101, 104
electricity,
17, 23
Emancipation Edict,
26—27
emigration,
97
emperors, see monarchy and
individvial emperors
Empire, Russian,
14-18,
23-24, 31, 36-37, 45-46,
48-49
see also imperialism
engineering,
93, 103
Estonia,
84, 86
Eurasianism,
3
Extraordinary Commission,
see Cheka
factories,
16-17, 22-23, 25-29,
33,40,46-50,54,58-59,
65-66, 70, 74, 76, 78, 82,
85-86, 88, 91, 93-95, 100,
104
factory committees,
59—61, 63,
67, 78
famines,
24, 92
February Revolution of
1917,
50-55, 59, 62, 65, 70, 106
festivals,
37, 63, 100
financial policy, see also gold
standard, inflation, foreign
loans
131
Index
Finland,
54, 65, 67, 69, 74
Finns,
31, 36, 68, 84
Five-Year
Plans,
103, 107
food-processing industry,
23
foreign investment in Russia,
22
foreign loans,
39, 41, 46, 74
foreign policy: under Imperial
monarchy,
16-17, 23, 31, 35,
39,41,46,51, 57
under Provisional Government,
57-58, 68
under Soviet government,
74, 77, 85, 88, 91-93,
102-103
foremen,
28, 54, 78
France,
17, 20-21, 29, 39, 41,
68, 86
Franco-Russian alliance,
17
Franz-Ferdinand, archduke,
41
Freikorps, 67
Galicia,
58
Gapon,
G.
Α.,
31
General Secretary (Bolshevik
party),
98
Genoa,
92
Georgia,
31
revolt in,
97
Georgians,
36, 68
Germany,
15, 17, 21, 24, 26,
28-29, 33, 36, 39, 41-42, 48,
64-65, 77, 88
see also Central Powers,
First World War
gold mining,
18, 40
gold standard,
22
Gorki,
Μ. Α.,
35-36
Gosplan,
103
Great War, see First World War
Greens,
89
Guchkov, A. I.,
41, 50, 57
Gvozdev, K.,
61
historiography of the Russian
Revolution,
2-8, 14-16,
43-45,71-73, 105-107
Hitler,
Α.,
3
ideology,
2-4, 8, 45, 73, 80, 86,
104,106
see also monarchy, Bolshevism
and the various political
parties
Imperial monarchy, see monarchy
indirect taxes, see under taxation
industrial conflict, see strikes,
workers' control,
industrialists and workers
industrialists,
21, 27-28, 33-34,
40, 42, 49-50, 53, 59, 97
industrial policy: under Imperial
monarchy
15-16, 21-22, 25,
39, 94
under Provisional Government,
58, 47, 59
under Soviet government,
64,
74, 78, 85-86, 89, 91-94, 99,
101-103, 107
industry,
16, 18, 21, 23-24, 26,
39-40, 46-47, 57, 59-60,
76-77, 79, 89, 91-93, 96,
104
intellectuals,
3, 15, 30, 61
see also individual thinkers and
leaders
intelligentsia, see intellectuals
Intematioiiale (socialist anthem),
75
international relations, see foreign
policy, Russo-Japanese War,
First World War, Brest-
Litovsk, Soviet-Polish War,
Rapallo
Ireland,
29
iron,
18, 23,47
Islam,
95
see
aho
Moslems
Italy,
17
Ivanovo-Voznesensk,
75
Japan,
17, 21, 31, 39
see also Russo-Japanese War
Jews,
25, 35, 48, 86
see also anti-semitism, Pale of
Settlement
132
Index
Kadets, 33, 41, 50-51, 53-58, 60,
62-63, 74, 81, 87
Kamenev, L.
В.,
76, 102
Kautsky, K., 3
Kerenski, A. F., 45, 62-63, 67-70,
74, 80
Khodynka Field,
36
Kiev,
25, 68, 82, 88
Kolchak,
A. V.,
83, 85-87
Konovalov,
Α. Ι.,
58
Kornilov,
L. G.,
67-68, 73
Kronstadt,
62, 67, 89
and the sailors' mutiny,
89, 91
kulaks,
29, 88, 101, 103
see also peasants
labour armies,
88
Land and Freedom,
30
see also populists
land captains,
30
land communes, see communes
land nationalisation as policy,
64
landed nobility,
21-22, 33-34, 49,
53, 87
agricultural output,
27
aspirations,
21, 49
Latvians,
18, 86
Left Communists (Bolshevik),
77-78
Left Opposition,
101-102
Left Socialist-Revolutionaries,
81, 83
Lena,
40
Lenin, V. I.,
1-7, 9, 14, 16, 40,
43-45, 61, 64-67, 69-78,
80-82, 84-88, 91,97-99,
101,103,106-107
see also April Theses
liberals,
1, 14, 31, 33, 50, 53, 68
see also Kadets
literacy,
26-27
see also education
literature,
35, 104
see also individual writers
local government: under
Imperial monarchy,
20, 26,
32, 34
under Provisional Government,
54, 58, 63
under Soviet government,
75,
78-79
London,
18, 36, 47
lower middle class, urban, see
urban lower middle class
Lvov,
G. E.,
51, 54, 57
machine-tool industry,
23-24, 46,
93, 101
managers,
54, 60, 74, 78, 103
Marto
v, Yu.
О., З
Marx, K.,
35
Marxism, Russian,
3, 31, 40,
56,102
see also Bolshevism,
Menshevism and individual
leaders
Marxism-Leninism,
7
see also Bolshevism
Marxists in Russia,
31, 33, 35, 40,
49, 56
see also Bolsheviks, Mensheviks
and individual leaders
mass collectivisation of agriculture,
80, 88, 101-103, 107
mass organisations,
31, 44, 53, 59,
61-63,67
see also
soviets,
factory
committees, trade unions
mass participation in politics,
3 1,
40, 43-45, 50, 53, 58-59, 61,
63, 75, 77-79, 100
men in revolution,
32, 34, 37, 50,
59, 78, 94
Mensheviks,
3-5, 56-58, 61-63,
65, 67-68, 74, 80,97
Menshevism,
56—58, 62
metallurgical industry,
18, 23, 26,
39,46-49, 101
middle classes,
15, 21, 37, 40, 44,
48, 50, 53, 59, 61, 64, 87-88,
97, 101
see also industrialists, landed
nobility, nobility, professions,
bankers
133
Index
Milan,
28
Military-Revolutionary
Committee of
Petrograd
Soviet,
69-70, 74-75
militias,
63
Milyukov, P.
N. 2, 33, 57
mining,
23, 25, 46, 47, 93,
99, 101
ministers,
17, 20-21, 25, 33-34,
48,51, 55-58, 61-62
see also Council of Ministers and
individual ministers
Ministry of Agriculture,
38, 46
Ministry of Finance,
21-22, 28
Ministry of Internal Affairs,
21,
27, 31, 55
Ministry of Foreign Affairs,
35, 57
monarchy, Imperial,
1, 14, 16,
18-22, 30, 35, 40-41, 47,
49-50, 53, 61,78, 97, 106
see
aho
political system,
Romanov dynasty and
individual emperors
Morocco,
42
Moscow,
18, 25, 49, 68, 75,
82-83, 87, 89
its soviet,
33, 69-70
Moslems,
35, 48, 50, 97-98
see also Islam
multifield crop rotation,
38—39,
92
municipal councils,
26, 53
Murmansk,
18
mutinies,
31, 33, 50-51, 77,
89,91
narodniki, see populists
nationalism, Russian,
15, 35, 37,
49, 67-68, 99
for other nationalisms, see under
other nationalities
nationality policy: under Imperial
monarchy,
16, 20, 48
under Provisional Government,
67-68
under Soviet government,
84-85, 97-98
national self-determination,
44,
74,84
natural resources,
18
navy,
34, 55
see also Baltic fleet, Black Sea
fleet,
Kronstadt
Nazis,
2, 107
NEP,
see New Economic Policy
Nevski
Prospekt (Petrograd), 95
New Economic Policy,
71, 73,
91-98, 101-107
New York,
18
Nicholas I, Emperor,
20
Nicholas II, Emperor,
1, 6, 14—16,
20-21, 33-36, 40^12, 49-52,
54, 68, 74, 78, 82, 93, 96-97
nobility, see nobles, landed
nobility
nobles,
20, 22, 26-27, 29, 34, 49
see also landed nobility
North America,
15, 18
northern Russia,
29, 36, 39, 75
October Manifesto
(1905), 33, 37
October Revolution of
1917, 2,
4-8, 16, 43-44, 66, 69-70,
73, 76, 81-82, 88, 94-95,
98, 106
Octobrists,
34, 41, 50
Odessa,
24-25, 86
officers, see army officers
oil,
18, 23, 93
Omsk,
82-83
one-party state,
6, 8, 71-72,
91, 106
Orgburo,
83, 98
Orthodox Church, see Church
Ottoman empire,
17, 57
Pacific Ocean,
18
Pale of Settlement, Jewish,
48
Paris,
18, 35, 41, 57
parliaments in Russia, see Duma,
Constituent Assembly
Party Congress (Bolshevik):
Seventh,
77
Tenth,
91
134
Index
pastures,
29, 60
peasants,
4, 6, 15-16, 21, 27, 29,
31,34,43-44,47,49, 53,
55-58, 61, 71, 74, 79, 85,
87-91, 95-96, 102-103
area under cultivation,
29, 38,
51,58,60,64,74,79,96
aspirations,
15, 20-21, 30,
37-38, 42-43, 53, 55-56,
60, 63, 70, 75, 77, 79, 88,
95, 99
customs,
15, 20, 25, 30,
35-38, 95
renting and buying of land,
26-27
revolt and direct social action,
15, 32, 34, 56, 80, 89,
105-106
standard of living,
22, 29, 37,
38, 40, 46, 86, 92
see also agriculture, communes,
Emancipation Edict
Peasants' Land Bank,
25
Peasants' Union,
32
penal systems,
31, 36, 88, 97
People's Commissariat for
External Affairs,
77
People's Commissariat for
Military Affairs,
84
People's Commissariat of Food
Supplies,
79, 86
people's commissariats,
80
see also Sovnarkom
People's Freedom,
30
Persia,
17
personal bondage of peasants,
26
Petrograd, 1, 6, 47, 49-51, 60-62,
67-70, 74-75, 78, 82, 87,
89, 95
its garrison,
55, 67
its soviet,
53,
55y
57, 67, 69,
74, 81
Pick ford, Mary,
95
Pilsudski,
ƒ., 88
Pleve, V.
Ќ.,
40
Poland,
18, 22, 24, 26, 74, 88
Poles,
18, 31, 36
police: under Imperial monarchy,
15,20, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37,
49, 50
under Provisional government,
54,63
under Soviet government,
96-97, 104
Politburo,
83-84, 88, 91-92,
96-99, 103
political commissars,
84
political parties,
20, 33, 36, 45,
50, 64, 68, 82, 89, 97
see also the individual parties
political repression: before
1917,
20, 31, 40-41, 49-50, 105
in
1917,65,67
after
1917, 80-82, 84, 86-88,
96-97, 105
population explosion,
34, 39
populism, Russian,
30—31, 56—57
populists, Russian,
30-31, 57
see also Land and Freedom,
People's Freedom, Socialist-
Revolutionaries, Left
Socialist-Revolutionaries
potatoes,
24, 39, 92
Pravda,
87
Preobrazhenski,
Ε. Α.,
101
press, the,
20, 33, 35-36, 67, 81, 95
prices, see inflation, agriculture,
industry
priests,
21, 31, 88
printing,
26, 36
Prodamet,
46
professions, the,
30, 48, 55
Progressive Bloc,
50-51
Progressivists,
50, 58
provincial governors,
20, 55
Provisional Government,
1, 6, 8,
44-45, 51, 53, 55-58, 60-61,
63-65, 67-68, 70, 74, 76,
78, 80
see also coalition, 'Dual power',
Lvov, Keren ski
Prussia,
17, 42
Pugachëv,
E.
20
Pushkin, A. S.,
35
135
Index
Rada,
68
railways,
22-23, 25, 28,
ЗО,
45-47, 87
Rasputin,
G. E.,
34, 48
rationing of food,
46, 78, 79, 92
Red Army, see under army
Red cavalry,
86
Red guard,
69
Reed, J.,
4
refugees,
47
repression: under Imperial
monarchy,
16, 20, 31, 36, 41,
49,51
under Provisional Government,
65
under Soviet government,
36,
80-82, 86, 96
requisitioning of grain,
79, 83,
85, 88, 91, 103
Riga,
68
Rittikh,
Α. Α.,
46
Romanov dynasty,
20, 34, 36, 51
Rostov-on-Don,
31
Russell,
В.,
3
Russian Communist Party,
see Bolsheviks
Russian Social-Democratic
Workers Party,
31, 35
Russian Socialist Federation of
Soviet Republics,
84, 92
Russo-German relations,
24,
41-42, 46, 77, 81, 92
see also First World War,
Brest-Litovsk
Russo-Japanese War,
39
Ryabushinski, P. P.,
59
'sack-men',
89
sailors,
44, 60, 62, 65, 89
see also
Kronstadt,
navy
St. Petersburg,
17-18, 21,
23-25, 28, 31, 36,
39-41, 47
see also
Petrograd
Samara,
82
Sarajevo,
41
Saratov,
75
schools,
26, 37, 84
see also education, literacy
Secretariat (Bolshevik),
98
separate peace between Soviet
republic and Central Powers,
see Brest-Litovsk
Serbia,
41-42
sexual mores,
95
Shakhty,
103
Siberia,
17-18, 23-24, 36, 82-83,
85, 89, 103
sickness-insurance funds,
37, 50
Skobelev, M. I.,
57-58
social approval of regime: Imperial
monarchy,
20, 36, 48
Provisional Government,
54-55
Soviet government,
75, 77—87,
97, 99-100
social discontent with the regime:
Imperial monarchy,
16, 20,
28-33, 35-37, 40, 48-51
Provisional Government,
53-54, 60, 63
Soviet government,
79—82,
85-91,96-97, 99
social promotion: under Imperial
monarchy,
30, 49
under Provisional Government,
54-55, 63
under Soviet government,
74-75, 77-78, 84, 100
socialism,
1,3, 30-31, 64, 69, 72,
74, 76, 78, 95, 100-101
see also populism, Marxism,
Bolshevism, Menshevism,
Socialist-Revolutionaries,
Left-Socialist-Revolutionaries
Socialist-Revolutionaries,
4, 31,
56-58, 61-63, 67-68, 80-84,
91
socialists,
1-3, 14, 20, 43, 56-57,
62
see also populists, Marxists
and the respective political
parties
soil fertility,
18, 26, 38-39
136
Index
soldiers: under Imperial
monarchy,
21, 30, 33, 42,
47,51
under Provisional Government,
43-44, 53-56, 60, 63
under Soviet government,
74,
77, 79, 87
Solovki,
97
South America,
17
south Caucasus,
25, 36, 75
southern Russia,
24, 26, 76, 80
Soviet-Polish War,
88-89
soviets,
31, 33, 43-44, 53, 55-57,
61-64, 67, 69, 74-75, 79,
81-82
see also Sovnarkom,
All-Russian Central Executive
Committee
Soviet Union, see USSR
Sovnarkom,
74-83, 98
sown area, see under landed
nobility, peasants
Spain,
17
Spartacists,
88
sport,
100
Stalin, I. V.,
2, 4-6, 8-9, 16, 36,
87-88, 93, 98, 102-104,
106-107
standard of living, material:
under Imperial monarchy,
15, 18-19, 26, 29, 40, 47-48
under Provisional Government,
53-55, 59-60, 63
under Soviet government,
76,
77, 79, 85-86, 92,96, 103
State Conference,
68
State Council,
34-35
state monopoly of trade in grain,
59,79,91
state ownership in industry:
under Imperial monarchy,
22
under Soviet government,
74,
76, 78, 85, 93-94
steel,
23
steppes,
18
Stockholm Conference,
58
Stolypin, P.
Α.,
33-34, 38
Straits of Dardanelles,
17,42
street demonstrations,
42, 50—51,
54, 57, 65, 81
strikes,
28-32, 40, 42, 48, 50-51,
59, 77, 89, 94
students,
30
sugar beet,
24, 92
Sunday schools,
37
Supreme Council of the National
Economy,
99
surveyors,
95
Sverdlov,
Y. M.,
75, 87
Switzerland,
64
Tambov,
91
Tannenberg,
battle of,
42
tariffs,
22, 27
taxation,
21, 29, 37, 91-92, 102
direct taxes,
22
indirect taxes,
22
terror: 'individual',
30
mass (Red and White),
71-72,
87-88, 96, 103
Texas,
23
textile industry,
23, 50, 59
timber,
18
Tolstoi, L. N.,
35
tractors,
101-103
trade unions: under Imperial
monarchy,
29, 31, 33, 37
under Provisional Government,
43, 61
under Soviet government,
87,
94,100
transport,
15, 18, 23, 39, 45, 59,
72, 76, 87
Trans-Siberian railway,
23
Trotski, L. D.,
4-6, 40, 61, 67,
69-70, 77, 80-81, 83-85,
87-88, 92, 94, 101-102
Trubetskoi, N.,
3
Tsaritsyn,
62, 67
Tsereteli, I. G.,
57, 61-62, 68
Turkestan,
24
Turkey,
17, 57
see also Ottoman empire
137
Index
Ukraine,
17-18, 24, 27, 38, 46,
48, 54, 58, 62, 68, 75-77, 79,
82,84-85, 88-89, 98
see also
Rada,
Ukrainian Soviet
Republic
Ukrainians,
18, 36
Ukrainian Soviet republic,
97—98
'under-government' in Russia,
15, 29, 35,99
underground, political,
30
unemployment,
30, 33, 60, 78,
82, 94, 102
Union of the Russian People,
41
Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics, see USSR
United Opposition (Bolshevik),
102
universities,
30
Urals,
24, 82, 99, 103
urban lower middle class,
61, 101
USA,
17-18, 20, 39, 68
USSR,
2-8, 14, 44, 71, 73, 95,
101-102, 104, 107
Ustryalov, N.,
4
utopianism,
45, 73, 78
Vistula, battle of,
89
Vladivostok,
18
vodka,
22, 37, 46
Volga region,
24, 70, 76, 83, 85, 92
Volga, river,
82
Volunteer Army,
80, 83
see also White armies see under
army
wages, see under workers
'War Communism',
85-86, 88-89
see also Civil War
War-Industry Committees,
50
Warsaw,
25, 88
Webb, S. and
В.,
4
Wells, H. G.,
3
wheat production,
23-24, 46, 89
White armies, see under army
Winter Palace,
69
Witte,
S. Y.,
21-23, 34
women in revolution,
32—34, 50,
78, 94
woodland,
29, 32
workers,
6, 43, 53, 56, 61, 63, 71,
74, 77-81, 84, 88, 95, 97,
100,106
discontent,
29, 50, 54, 61,
80-81, 89, 94, 96
living conditions,
28, 37, 40,
47,57-59,103
number of workers,
25, 54, 78
revolt and direct social action,
31-32,40, 44, 48, 50-51,
53-54, 59-60, 62-63, 65
skilled workers,
26, 29, 60, 89
training,
37
unskilled workers,
60
wages,
30, 48, 55
Workers' and Peasants'
Inspectorate,
99
Workers' and Peasants' Red
Army, see under army
workers' control,
60, 70, 74,
76, 78
Workers' Opposition (Bolshevik),
91
working class, see workers
Wrangel, P. N.,
85
Yudenich,
N.
N.,
85
zemlyachestva,
37, 95
zemstvos,
26, 30, 34, 37, 50, 53
Zinoviev,
G. E.,
76, 102
|
Bayerische
|
I
Staatsbibliothek
I
I
München
I
138 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Service, Robert 1947- |
| author_GND | (DE-588)122470222 |
| author_facet | Service, Robert 1947- |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Service, Robert 1947- |
| author_variant | r s rs |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035594732 |
| callnumber-first | D - World History |
| callnumber-label | DK262 |
| callnumber-raw | DK262 |
| callnumber-search | DK262 |
| callnumber-sort | DK 3262 |
| callnumber-subject | DK - Russia, Soviet Union, Former Soviet Republics, Poland |
| classification_rvk | KK 1040 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)317623487 (DE-599)BVBBV035594732 |
| dewey-full | 947.08/3 |
| dewey-hundreds | 900 - History & geography |
| dewey-ones | 947 - Russia & east Europe |
| dewey-raw | 947.08/3 |
| dewey-search | 947.08/3 |
| dewey-sort | 3947.08 13 |
| dewey-tens | 940 - History of Europe |
| discipline | Geschichte Slavistik |
| edition | 4. ed. |
| era | Geschichte 1922-1927 gnd Geschichte 1900-1921 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1922-1927 Geschichte 1900-1921 |
| format | Book |
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| geographic | Russland Sowjetunion Russia History 1904-1914 Soviet Union History Revolution, 1917-1921 Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd |
| geographic_facet | Russland Sowjetunion Russia History 1904-1914 Soviet Union History Revolution, 1917-1921 |
| id | DE-604.BV035594732 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2025-02-21T01:10:39Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780230220409 0230220401 |
| language | English |
| lccn | 2009013659 |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017649890 |
| oclc_num | 317623487 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | XI, 138 S. Ill., Kt. |
| psigel | BSBWK1 |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Palgrave Macmillan |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Studies in European history |
| spelling | Service, Robert 1947- Verfasser (DE-588)122470222 aut The Russian Revolution 1900 - 1927 Robert Service 4. ed. Basingstoke, Hampshire Palgrave Macmillan 2009 XI, 138 S. Ill., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Studies in European history Includes bibliographical references (p. 108-123) and index Geschichte 1922-1927 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte 1900-1921 gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd rswk-swf Revolution (DE-588)4049680-6 gnd rswk-swf Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd rswk-swf Russland Sowjetunion Russia History 1904-1914 Soviet Union History Revolution, 1917-1921 Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 gnd rswk-swf Russland (DE-588)4076899-5 g Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 s Revolution (DE-588)4049680-6 s Geschichte 1900-1921 z DE-604 Sowjetunion (DE-588)4077548-3 g Geschichte 1922-1927 z Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 s 1\p DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017649890&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017649890&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Register // Gemischte Register 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Service, Robert 1947- The Russian Revolution 1900 - 1927 Geschichte Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Revolution (DE-588)4049680-6 gnd Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4046514-7 (DE-588)4049680-6 (DE-588)4043429-1 (DE-588)4077548-3 (DE-588)4076899-5 |
| title | The Russian Revolution 1900 - 1927 |
| title_auth | The Russian Revolution 1900 - 1927 |
| title_exact_search | The Russian Revolution 1900 - 1927 |
| title_full | The Russian Revolution 1900 - 1927 Robert Service |
| title_fullStr | The Russian Revolution 1900 - 1927 Robert Service |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Russian Revolution 1900 - 1927 Robert Service |
| title_short | The Russian Revolution |
| title_sort | the russian revolution 1900 1927 |
| title_sub | 1900 - 1927 |
| topic | Geschichte Politik (DE-588)4046514-7 gnd Revolution (DE-588)4049680-6 gnd Oktoberrevolution (DE-588)4043429-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Geschichte Politik Revolution Oktoberrevolution Russland Sowjetunion Russia History 1904-1914 Soviet Union History Revolution, 1917-1921 |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017649890&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017649890&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT servicerobert therussianrevolution19001927 |