Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I":
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | Russian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Sankt-Peterburg
Ostrov
2008
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | In kyrill. Schr., russ. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache |
| Beschreibung: | 159 S., [24] Bl. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9785945000599 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 650 | 4 | |a Fortification |z Russia (Federation) |z Kronshtadt |x History | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Kronshtadt (Russia) |x History, Military | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Kronshtadt (Russia) |x History, Naval | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Summary
The forts of
Kronstadt
built in different times between
the early 18th and the early 20th century have certainly
lost their military importance, partly ruined and lost their
former might but still have preserved the grandeur of the best
fortification in Europe. Neither capital in the world had such
a formidable fortification to be built in its forward positions.
The present days are not the best in the history
of the
Kronstadt
forts. After the Great Patriotic war the
need to have the forts in their previous capacity has passed
completely. The defensive guns were gradually removed.
The prolonged absence of an owner have lead to the situation
that many structures are in extremely neglected condition.
Going to ruin and decaying slowly they begin to turn into
a picturesque heap of debris. Some arches, staircases and
passageways have collapsed. Due to collectors of metals,
no trace has remained of former cast-iron pillars, fences and
lattices. And surely, the use of some forts as warehouses and
settling tanks did not improve their outward appearance.
A sharp question of the present time is one of conservation
and practical use of those remarkable monuments of military
fortification. An example of such a use are showing our foreign
neighbours. But in priciple, every fort and a project of its
restoration deserves a special thorough discussion. Every fort
is a unique one in its own way and has its own go in it which
could be developed and used by an assiduous manager for
good purposes. The programmes, which exist in the Europian
Union, propose to assist the restoration of fortifications and
to involve them in the programme of cultural, scientific and
tourist development. The
EU
subsidizes workshops of experts
which are interested in conservation, restoration and use
of historical defensive works, in creation of information sites,
booklets etc.
In May
2008
experts taking part in the Baltic Fort Route
programme visited the forts of
Kronstadt
for the first time.
The interest in the forts of
Kronstadt
which foreigners are
showing does not surprise. First, it is the largest and unique
fortification in the Baltic Sea. Secondly, practically all countries
of the Baltic region are already involved in the aforementioned
programme. They are all interested in development of tourism
and are trying to restore historical defensive works in their
territories and include them into a joint fortification network.
In order to close the tourist route circle round the Baltic Sea
it is necessary to involve Russia into it.
158
The forts of
Kronstadt
are very complicated
hydroengineering
structures. They were created for defensive
purposes and never provided civilized conditions with
services. For modern use it is necessary to join efforts of state
and private investors in solving all the problems encountered
in the process of restoration of the monuments and their
adaptation to the new functions.
Fort
Imperator
Alexandr
I, more than any other
of the forts of
Kronstadt,
has the most interesting and
rich history, both in architecture and in functioning. It has
gone through fire, water and brass trumpets. Having been
built for defensive purposes it has played its deterrent role
in the history of combat actions and though it never
participated in real battles, it nevertheless has fulfilled its
mission of protecting Saint-Petersburg from a foe. Fort s
internal rooms were reconstructed many times. In the late
19th century the fort was transformed into a closed scientific
laboratory for development of antiplague vaccines. And
again it appeared to be the most advanced. Due to those
findings many thousands of human lives have been saved.
Now, after a long period of desolation, it has become
the first fort in Russia to be claimed for contemporary life.
Dance festivals began there, so the fort is an exception from
rules in all respects. Professional entertainment industry in this
country is relatively young, but despite of that our audience
is very discriminating and knows its onions in entertainment.
Fort Dance is a musical event which is conducted at Fort
Alexandr
I beginning from
2002
one day a year. Many
representatives of contemporary beaumonde try to get there
and then all year to relate to their friends how it was there.
Today many fans of modern music in the world do know this
annual event, where the most advanced musical styles and
streams are presented.
There are very many opportunities of using such a unique
object like Fort
Alexandr
I. But the problem of its restoration is
not yet solved. And there are still the problems of engineering
maintenance and transporting of visitors to the fort without
hindrance. In addition, the fort stays unprotected from
the new fairway which is being arranged within the limits
of the monument and having been driven will complicate
the use of the fort for the purposes conforming to its historical
roots. More than that, the very existence of Fort
Alexandr
I, one
of historical symbols of Russia, may become doubtful.
Содержание
От авторов
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
З
Глава
1.
Строительство и разоружение (авт. Л. И. Амирханов, Ю.Е. Иванова)
...............................................................................5
Фортификация в России в начале
XIX
века
..........................................................................................................................................................5
Наводнения
1824
года
.............................................................................................................................................................................................................9
Появление многоярусного форта
..............................................................................................................................................................................
^
Начало работ на «Александре»
......................................................................................................................................................................................**
Постройка фундамента форта «Император Александр
I»
.....................................................................................................................
17
Дальнейшее строительство форта
...........................................................................................................................................................................
28
Кронштадтская крепость в Крымскую войну
...................................................................................................................................................44
Дальнейшая служба
................................................................................................................................................................................................................
^
Развитие броненосного флота и приморские крепости
.......................................................................................................................61
Литература
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Глава
2.
Особая лаборатория ИИЭМ на форту «Император Александр
I»
(авт. Ю. П. Голиков)
....................................73
ИИЭМ
-
базовое учреждение «Комочум»
............................................................................................................................................................ 4
Форт «Император Александр
І» в
составе ИИЭМ
..........................................................................................................................................
°°
В царстве чумы
......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Заключение к второй главе
..........................................................................................................................................................................................
Приложение
1.
Фрагменты из книги записей посетителей форта «Император Александр
I»
.......................112
Приложение
2.
Список лиц, имевших отношение к Особой лаборатории
...................................................................119
134
Литература и источники
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
Глава
3.
Форт «Император Александр
I»
сегодня и в будущем (авт. В. В. Чирков, Ю. Е. Иванова)
............................137
«Державный Фонд поддержки культуры»
..................................................................................................................................................................
............156
Заключение
.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................158
bummary
..........................................................................................................................................................................................
159
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| spellingShingle | Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I" Geschichte Fortification Russia (Federation) Kronshtadt History |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4098711-5 (DE-588)4145395-5 |
| title | Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I" |
| title_auth | Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I" |
| title_exact_search | Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I" |
| title_full | Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I" L. I. Amirchanov ... |
| title_fullStr | Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I" L. I. Amirchanov ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I" L. I. Amirchanov ... |
| title_short | Fort "Imperator Aleksandr I" |
| title_sort | fort imperator aleksandr i |
| topic | Geschichte Fortification Russia (Federation) Kronshtadt History |
| topic_facet | Geschichte Fortification Russia (Federation) Kronshtadt History Kronshtadt (Russia) History, Military Kronshtadt (Russia) History, Naval Kronstadt, Kotlin Bildband |
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