Atmospheric thermodynamics: elementary physics and chemistry
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cambridge [u.a.]
Cambridge University Press
2009
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 263-264) and index |
| Beschreibung: | XI, 267 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 26 cm |
| ISBN: | 9780521899635 052189963X |
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| 100 | 1 | |a North, Gerald R. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Atmospheric thermodynamics |b elementary physics and chemistry |c Gerald R. North and Tatiana L. Erukhimova |
| 250 | |a 1. publ. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Cambridge [u.a.] |b Cambridge University Press |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a XI, 267 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. |c 26 cm | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 263-264) and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Atmospheric thermodynamics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Atmospheric thermodynamics | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Erukhimova, Tatiana L. |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017358708 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804138883954245632 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | This textbook presents a uniquely integrated approach in linking both physics
and chemistry to the study of atmospheric thermodynamics.
The book begins by explaining the classical laws of thermodynamics, and discusses
Gibbs energy and the elementary kinetic theory of gases with special
appi
¡cations to the
atmosphere, individual chapters focus on various fluid systems, Including vapor pressure over
flat and curved surfaces of pure liquids and solutions, and examine the vertical dependence of
temperature and pressureforenvironmentalsoundingandmovingairparcels. Recognizing
the increasing importance of chemistry in the meteorological and climate sciences, a chapter
is devoted to chemical thermodynamics and contains an overview of photochemistry.
Although students are expected to have some background knowledge of calculus, general
chemistry, and classical physics, the book provides set-aside refresher boxes as useful
reminders, it contains over
100
diagrams and graphs to supplement the discussions, it
also contains a similar number of worked examples and exercises, with solutions included
at the end of the book, it is ideal for a single-semester advanced course on atmospheric
thermodynamics, and will prepare students for higher-level synoptic and dynamics courses.
Gerald R. North received a Ph.D. in Physics from the university of Wisconsin in 1
966,
and
has been a Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric sciences at Texas a&m university for over
20
years. His notable research career includes receiving the outstanding Publication Award,
National Center for Atmospheric Research in 1
975,
the Exceptional Scientific Achievement
Medal for
nasa
in
1983,
and thejule G. Charney Award from the American Meteorological
Society in
2008.
Tatiana
L
Erukhimova received a Ph.D. in Physics from the institute of Applied Physics,
Russian Academy of sciences, in 1
999.
and is now a Lecturer in the Department of Physics at
Texas a&m university. Her areas of research include large-scale and mesoscale atmospheric
transport and mixing, atmospheric wave dynamics, atmospheric ozone, and remote sensing.
Contents
Preface
page
xi
1
Introductory concepts
1
1.1
Units
2
1.2
Earth, weight and mass
3
1.3
Systems and equilibrium
7
1.4
Constraints
12
1.5
Intensive and extensive quantities
13
1.6
System boundaries
14
1.7
Thermodynamics and atmospheric science
16
Notes
17
Notation and abbreviations
18
Problems
18
2
Gases
20
2.1
Ideal gas basics
20
2.2
Distribution of velocities
29
2.3
Flux of molecules striking a wall
35
2.4
Moles, etc.
36
2.5
Dalton s Law
39
Notes
41
Notation and abbreviations
41
Problems
42
3
The First Law of Thermodynamics
44
3.1
Reversible and irreversible work
47
3.2
Heating a system
48
3.3
Ideal gas results
51
3.4
Enthalpy
61
3.5
Standard enthalpy of fusion and vaporization
63
vii
viii Contents
Notes
65
Notation
and abbreviations
65
Problems
66
4
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
69
4.1
Entropy
73
4.2
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
76
4.3
Systems and reversibility
77
4.4
Additivity of entropy
78
4.5
Extrémům
principle
82
4.6
Entropy summary
87
4.7
Criteria for equilibrium
88
4.8
Gibbs energy
89
4.9
Multiple components
93
Notes
95
Notation and abbreviations
96
Problems
96
5
Air and water
99
5.1
Vapor pressure
99
5.2
Saturation vapor pressure
102
5.3
Van
der Waals
equation
103
5.4
Multiple phase systems
105
5.5
Phase boundaries
107
5.6
Clausius-Clapeyron equation
109
5.7
Integration of the Clausius-Clapeyron equation
110
5.8
Mixing air and water
112
5.9
Wet-bulb temperature, LCL
117
5.10
Equilibrium vapor pressure over a curved surface
121
5.11
Isobaric mixing of air parcels
130
Notes
131
Notation and abbreviations
131
Problems
132
6
Profiles of the atmosphere
134
6.1
Pressure versus height
134
6.2
Slope of the dry adiabat
138
6.3
Geopotential height and thickness
141
6.4
Archimedes Principle
143
6.5
Stability
145
6.6
Vertical oscillations
147
Contents ix
6.7
Where is the
LCL? 149
6.8
Slope of a moist adiabat
152
6.9
Lifting moist air
154
6.10
Moist static energy
158
6.11
Profiles of well-mixed layers
158
Notes
161
Notation and abbreviations
161
Problems
162
Thermodynamic charts
163
7.1
Areas and energy
164
7.2
Skew
Τ
diagram
166
7.3
Chart exercises
170
7.4
Stability problem: example sounding
178
7.5
Convective available potential energy (CAPE)
181
Notation and abbreviations
186
Problems
186
Thermochemistry
191
8.1
Standard enthalpy of formation
192
8.2
Photochemistry
194
8.3
Gibbs energy for chemical reactions
199
8.4
Elementary kinetics
201
8.5
Equilibrium constant
206
8.6
Solutions
211
Notes
217
Notation and abbreviations
217
Problems
218
The thermodynamic equation
220
9.1
Scalar and vector fields
225
9.2
Pressure gradient force
228
9.3
Surface integrals and flux
230
9.4
Conduction of heat
232
9.5
Two-dimensional divergence
234
9.6
Three-dimensional divergence
237
9.7
Divergence theorem
239
9.8
Continuity equation
240
9.9
Material derivative
242
9.10
Thermodynamic equation
243
9.11
Potential temperature form
245
χ
Contents
9.12
Contributions
to
OQm/Ví
245
Notes
246
Notation and abbreviations
246
Problems
247
Appendix A Units and numerical values of constants
249
Appendix
В
Notation and abbreviations
252
Appendix
С
Answers for selected problems
258
Bibliography
263
Index
265
|
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| dewey-search | 551.522 |
| dewey-sort | 3551.522 |
| dewey-tens | 550 - Earth sciences |
| discipline | Geologie / Paläontologie Physik Geographie |
| edition | 1. publ. |
| format | Book |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:35:16Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780521899635 052189963X |
| language | English |
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| spelling | North, Gerald R. Verfasser aut Atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry Gerald R. North and Tatiana L. Erukhimova 1. publ. Cambridge [u.a.] Cambridge University Press 2009 XI, 267 S. Ill., graph. Darst. 26 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (p. 263-264) and index Atmospheric thermodynamics Thermodynamik (DE-588)4059827-5 gnd rswk-swf Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd rswk-swf Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 s Thermodynamik (DE-588)4059827-5 s DE-604 Erukhimova, Tatiana L. Verfasser aut Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017358708&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017358708&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | North, Gerald R. Erukhimova, Tatiana L. Atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry Atmospheric thermodynamics Thermodynamik (DE-588)4059827-5 gnd Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4059827-5 (DE-588)4003397-1 |
| title | Atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry |
| title_auth | Atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry |
| title_exact_search | Atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry |
| title_full | Atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry Gerald R. North and Tatiana L. Erukhimova |
| title_fullStr | Atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry Gerald R. North and Tatiana L. Erukhimova |
| title_full_unstemmed | Atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry Gerald R. North and Tatiana L. Erukhimova |
| title_short | Atmospheric thermodynamics |
| title_sort | atmospheric thermodynamics elementary physics and chemistry |
| title_sub | elementary physics and chemistry |
| topic | Atmospheric thermodynamics Thermodynamik (DE-588)4059827-5 gnd Atmosphäre (DE-588)4003397-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Atmospheric thermodynamics Thermodynamik Atmosphäre |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017358708&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017358708&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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