Verfügbarkeit: Information retrieval in practice

Information retrieval in practice:

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	Croft, W. Bruce 1952- (VerfasserIn), Metzler, Donald (VerfasserIn), Strohman, Trevor (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Upper Saddle River, NJ [u.a.] Pearson Education 2009
Ausgabe:	International ed.
Schlagworte:	Search engines Information storage and retrieval systems Information retrieval Suchmaschine Information Retrieval
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	XXV, 524 S. graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9780131364899 0131364898

Internformat

MARC


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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Contents 1 Search Engines and Information Retrieval ....................... 1 1.1 What Ь Information Retrieval? .............................. 1 1.2 TheBigbsues ............................................. 4 1.3 Search Engines ............................................ 6 1.4 Search Engineers .......................................... 9 2 Architecture of a Search Engine ................................. 13 2.1 What ban Architecture? ................................... 13 2.2 Basic Building Blocks ...................................... 14 2.3 Breaking It Down ......................................... 17 2.3.1 Text Acquisition ..................................... 17 2.3.2 Text Transformation ................................. 19 2.3.3 Index Creation ...................................... 22 2.3.4 User Interaction ..................................... 23 2.3.5 Ranking ............................................ 25 2.3.6 Evaluation .......................................... 27 2.4 How Does It Artwork? .................................. 28 3 Crawls and Feeds .............................................. 31 3.1 DeddingWhat to Search ................................... 31 3.2 CrawlingtheWeb ......................................... 32 3.2.1 Retrieving Web Pages ................................ 33 3.2.2 The Web Crawler .................................... 35 3.2.3 Freshness ........................................... 37 3.2.4 Focused Crawling ................................... 41 3.2.5 Deep Web .......................................... 41 Contents 3.2.6 Sitemaps........................................... 43 3.2.7 Distributed Crawling ................................ 44 3.3 Crawling Documents and Email ............................. 46 3.4 Document Feeds .......................................... 47 3.5 The Conversion Problem .................................«.. 49 3.5.1 Character Encodings ................................. 50 3.6 Storing the Documents ..................................... 52 3.6.1 Using a Database System .............................. 53 3.6.2 Random Access ..................................... 53 3.6.3 Compression and Large Files .......................... 54 3.6.4 Update ............................................. 56 3.6.5 BigTable ............................................ 57 3.7 Detecting Duplicates ...................................... 60 3.8 Removing Noise ........................................... 63 Processing Text ............................................... 75 4.1 From Words to Terms ...................................... 75 4.2 Text Statistics ............................................. 77 4.2.1 Vocabulary Growth .................................. 82 4.2.2 Estimating Collection and Result Set Sizes .............. 85 4.3 Document Parsing .......................................· · 88 4.3.1 Overview ........................................... 88 4.3.2 Tokenizing ......................................... 89 4.3.3 Stopping ........................................... 92 4.3.4 Stemming .......................................... 93 4.3.5 Phrases and N-grams ................;................ °° 4.4 Document Structure and Markup ............................ 4.5 Link Analysis ............................................. 106 4.5.1 Anchor Text ........................................ 107 4.5.2 PageRank ........................................··· l07 4.5.3 LinkQuality ....................................····· 113 4.6 Information Extraction ..................................... 117 4.6.1 Hidden Markov Models for Extraction ................. 4.7 Internationalization ..........................·............. Contents XI 5 Ranking with Indexes .......................................... 127 5.1 Overview ................................................. 127 5.2 Abstract Model of Ranking ................................. 128 5.3 Inverted Indexes ........................................... 131 5.3.1 Documents ......................................... 133 5.3.2 Counts ............................................. 135 5.3.3 Positions ........................................... 136 5.3.4 Fields and Extents ................................... 138 5.3.5 Scores .............................................. 140 5.3.6 Ordering ........................................... 141 5.4 Compression ............................................. 142 5.4.1 Entropy and Ambiguity .............................. 144 5.4.2 DeltaEncoding ..................................... 146 5.4.3 Bit-Aligned Codes ................................... 147 5.4.4 Byte-Aligned Codes .................................. 150 5.4.5 Compression in Practice .............................. 151 5.4.6 Looking Ahead ...................................... 153 5.4.7 Skipping and Skip Pointers ........................... 153 5.5 Auxiliary Structures ........................................ 156 5.6 Index Construction ........................................ 158 5.6.1 Simple Construction ................................. 158 5.6.2 Merging ............................................ 159 5.6.3 Parallelism and Distribution .......................... 160 5.6.4 Update ............................................. 166 5.7 Query Processing .......................................... 167 5.7.1 Documcnt-at-a-timc Evaluation ....................... 168 5.7.2 Term-at-a-time Evaluation ............................ 170 5.7.3 Optimization Techniques ............................. 172 5.7.4 Structured Queries .................................. 180 5.7.5 Distributed Evaluation ............................... 182 5.7.6 Caching ............................................ 183 6 Queries and Interfaces ......................................... 191 6.1 Information Needs and Queries ............................. 191 6.2 Query Transformarion and Refinement ....................... 194 6.2.1 Stopping and Stemming Revisited ..................... 194 6.2.2 Spell Checking and Suggestions ....................... 197 XII Contents 6.2.3 Query Expansion ....................................203 6.2.4 Relevance Feedback ..................................212 6.2.5 Context and Personalization ..........................215 6.3 ShowingtheResults .......................................219 6.3.1 Result Pages and Snippets ............................ 219 6.3.2 Advertising and Search ............................... 222 6.3.3 Clustering the Results ................................ 225 6.4 Cross-Language Search ..................................... 230 7 Retrieval Models ..............................................237 7.1 Overview of Retrieval Models ...............................237 7.1.1 Boolean Retrieval ....................................239 7.1.2 The Vector Space Model ..............................241 7.2 Probabilistic Models .......................................247 7.2.1 Information Retrieval as Classification .................248 7.2.2 TheBM25 Ranking Algorithm ........................254 7.3 Ranking Based on Language Models .........................256 7.3.1 Query Likelihood Ranking ...........................258 7.3.2 Relevance Models and Pseudo-Relevance Feedback ...... 265 7.4 Complex Queries and Combining Evidence ...................271 7.4.1 The Inference Network Model ........................272 7.4.2 The Galago Query Language ..........................277 7.5 WebSearch ...............................................283 7.6 Machine Learning and Information Retrieval ..................287 7.6.1 Learning«) Rank ....................................288 7.6.2 Topic Models and Vocabulary Mismatch ................292 7.7 Application-Based Models ..................................295 8 Evaluating Search Engines ...................................... ^ 8.1 Why Evaluate? ............................................ 301 8.2 The Evaluation Corpus ..................................... 3°3 8-3 Logging ..................................................309 8.4 Effectiveness Metrics ....................................... ^ ВАЛ Recall and Precision .................................312 417 8.4.2 Averaging and Interpolation ..........................■* 8.4.3 Focusing on the Top Documents ...................... 8.4.4 Using Preferences .................................... 325 Contents XIII 8.5 Efficiency Metrics .........................................326 8.6 Training, Testing, and Statistics ..............................329 8.6.1 Significance Tests ....................................329 8.6.2 Setting Parameter Values .............................334 8.6.3 Online Testing ......................................336 8.7 The Bottom Line ..........................................337 9 Classification and Clustering ................................... 343 9.1 Classification and Categorization ............................344 9.1.1 NaïveBayes .........................................346 9.1.2 Support Vector Machines .............................355 9.1.3 Evaluation ..........................................363 9.1.4 Classifier and Feature Selection ........................363 9.1.5 Spam, Sentiment, and Online Advertising ..............368 9.2 Clustering ................................................377 9.2.1 Hierarchical and /f-Means Clustering .................. 379 9.2.2 К Nearest Neighbor Clustering ....................... 388 9.2.3 Evaluation .......................................... 390 9.2.4 How to Choose К ................................... 391 9.2.5 Clustering and Search ................................ 393 10 SocialSearch .................................................401 10.1 What Ь Social Search? .....................................401 10.2 User Tags and Manual Indexing .............................404 10.2.1 Searching Tags ......................................406 10.2.2 Inferring Missing Tags ................................408 10.2.3 Browsing and Tag Clouds .............................410 10.3 Searchingwith Communities ...............................412 10.3.1 What Is a Community? ..............................412 10.3.2 Finding Communities ................................413 10.3.3 Community-Based Question Answering ................419 10.3.4 Collaborative Searching ..............................424 10.4 Filtering and Recommending ...............................427 10.4.1 Document Filtering ..................................427 10.4.2 Collaborative Filtering ...............................436 10.5 Peer-to-PeerandMetasearch ................................442 10.5.1 Distributed Search ...................................442 XIV Contents 10.5.2 P2P Networb......................................446 11 Beyond Bag of Words ..........................................455 11.1 Overview .................................................455 11.2 Feature-Based Retrieval Models .............................456 11.3 Term Dependence Models ..................................458 11.4 Structure Revisited ........................................463 11.4.1 XML Retrieval ......................................465 11.4.2 Entity Search .......................................468 11.5 Longer Questions, Better Answers ...........................470 11.6 Words, Pictures, and Music .................................474 11.7 One Search Fits All? .......................................483 References ........................................................491 Index ............................................................ 517
any_adam_object	1
author	Croft, W. Bruce 1952- Metzler, Donald Strohman, Trevor
author_GND	(DE-588)137756658 (DE-588)138148090
author_facet	Croft, W. Bruce 1952- Metzler, Donald Strohman, Trevor
author_role	aut aut aut
author_sort	Croft, W. Bruce 1952-
author_variant	w b c wb wbc d m dm t s ts
building	Verbundindex
bvnumber	BV035437138
classification_rvk	ST 270
ctrlnum	(OCoLC)305146830 (DE-599)BVBBV035437138
dewey-full	025.04
dewey-hundreds	000 - Computer science, information, general works
dewey-ones	025 - Operations of libraries and archives
dewey-raw	025.04
dewey-search	025.04
dewey-sort	225.04
dewey-tens	020 - Library and information sciences
discipline	Allgemeines Informatik
edition	International ed.
format	Book
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language	English
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spelling	Croft, W. Bruce 1952- Verfasser (DE-588)137756658 aut Information retrieval in practice by Bruce Croft, Donald Metzler, Trevor Strohman International ed. Upper Saddle River, NJ [u.a.] Pearson Education 2009 XXV, 524 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Search engines Information storage and retrieval systems Information retrieval Suchmaschine (DE-588)4423007-2 gnd rswk-swf Information Retrieval (DE-588)4072803-1 gnd rswk-swf Suchmaschine (DE-588)4423007-2 s Information Retrieval (DE-588)4072803-1 s DE-604 Metzler, Donald Verfasser aut Strohman, Trevor Verfasser (DE-588)138148090 aut Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017357446&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Croft, W. Bruce 1952- Metzler, Donald Strohman, Trevor Information retrieval in practice Search engines Information storage and retrieval systems Information retrieval Suchmaschine (DE-588)4423007-2 gnd Information Retrieval (DE-588)4072803-1 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4423007-2 (DE-588)4072803-1
title	Information retrieval in practice
title_auth	Information retrieval in practice
title_exact_search	Information retrieval in practice
title_full	Information retrieval in practice by Bruce Croft, Donald Metzler, Trevor Strohman
title_fullStr	Information retrieval in practice by Bruce Croft, Donald Metzler, Trevor Strohman
title_full_unstemmed	Information retrieval in practice by Bruce Croft, Donald Metzler, Trevor Strohman
title_short	Information retrieval in practice
title_sort	information retrieval in practice
topic	Search engines Information storage and retrieval systems Information retrieval Suchmaschine (DE-588)4423007-2 gnd Information Retrieval (DE-588)4072803-1 gnd
topic_facet	Search engines Information storage and retrieval systems Information retrieval Suchmaschine Information Retrieval
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017357446&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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