Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija: (1878 - 1912)
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | Bulgarian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
1. izd.
Sofija
IK "Gutenberg"
|
| Schriftenreihe: | zahlr. Ill.
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Bulgarians in foreign institutions for military education |
| Beschreibung: | 259 S., [26] Bl. |
| ISBN: | 9789546170491 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804138822635618304 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ
Предговор (академик Георги Марков)
/ 7
Българското присъствие в
чуждестранни военноучебни заведения
(1878-1912) / 11
Съкращения на най-цитираните източници и литература
/ 30
Българи в чуждестранни военни академии,
училища и школи
(1878-1912) / 35
Географски показалец
/ 241
Bulgarians in Foreign Institutions for Military Education
(1878-1912)
Summary 1
255
Ivan Tanchev
BULGARIANS IN FOREIGN INSTITUTIONS
FOR MILITARY EDUCATION
(1878-1912)
Summary
After the restoration of the Bulgarian state in
1878
a
Military School was established in Sofia for the training of
military officers. At the same time, especially during the first
years, the state relied on foreign schools as well. The
Bulgarian officers received their high military education
abroad only, since no military academy existed in Bulgaria by
1912.
Some of the more significant achievements in the
research of the phases in which Bulgaria resorted to foreign
military schools for the needs of its army from
1878
until
1912
are summarized in the book. The major objective is to
shed additional light on the subject-matter through a compre¬
hensive and comparatively detailed interpretation of one of its
major aspects
-
the quantitative one.
The earliest phase in the development of the problem
covers the period form Bulgaria s Liberation from Ottoman
Rule until the so-called Bulgarian Crisis in
1885-1887.
Great
numbers of youths were being sent to Russian cadet schools to
study there. The Bulgarian officers who at the time received
their military education in general-staff, engineering or other
academies accomplished this exclusively in Saint Petersburg.
The situation was the same with postgraduate education in
infantry, cavalry or artillery military schools for officers.
255
This one-directional orientation exclusively towards
Russia was necessitated by the specific military and political
situation in the newly-liberated Bulgarian territories. By
virtue of the Peace Treaty of Berlin, over the course of a year
there were Russian occupation forces in Bulgaria and Eastern
Rumelia . Towards mid-
1879
the so-called temporary Russian
governance was terminated but in military and political terms
■the situation was not subject to substantial change
-
it was not
the Bulgarian Prince (knyaz) but the Russian Emperor who
appointed the Bulgarian Minister of War. It was mandatory
that he be a Russian general. This went as far as a Russian
general taking up the Prime Minister s office of the
Principality of Bulgaria. In November
1886
however, there
was a rupture in the communication between Bulgaria and
Russia, including cessation of diplomatic relations for a whole
decade.
The second phase covers the time of Stefan Stambolov s
cabinet
(1887-1894),
as well as the period up to
1898
when
the so-called emigrant officers question was settled conclu¬
sively. The attention of Bulgarian military and political lead¬
ership was redirected towards military educational institutions
in Western countries. This was an integral part of Bulgaria s
general
reorientation
towards the Western world and above
all
-
towards Austria-Hungary. The
Habsburg
Empire showed
interest in the strengthening of the Bulgarian army by encour¬
aging the implementation of Western military theory and prac¬
tice. The bilateral military relations also included the educa¬
tion of many Bulgarian officers in imperial military schools.
The first state in Western Europe to offer Bulgarian offi¬
cers wide access to education at its military academies was
Italy. It was preferred to other states mainly due to the finan¬
cial and other conditions that it offered.. Now for the first time
the Bulgarian state resorted to Belgian and French institutions
for military education for the needs of the Bulgarian army. As
256
for Russian military academies and schools, they were attend¬
ed by a number of Bulgarian emigrant officers who at the time
served in the Russian army.
The third phase spans the period from
1898
until
1912.
The Bulgarian state resumed sending officers for education
and postgraduate training in Russia. The cooperation between
Bulgaria and France, Italy and Belgium in warfare was
enhanced.
The evidence obtained from documents and other sources
allowed the author to compile a reference work about
888
per¬
sons who studied or postgraduated from foreign military acad¬
emies, institutions and schools. This evidence reveals the fol¬
lowing situation.
The total number of Bulgarians studying in Russian mili¬
tary institutions was
645.
This figure included both those who
were educated in Russia only and those who studied in other
states as well, either before or after their Russian training . The
number of Bulgarians who attended the Nicholas General Staff
Academy in Saint Petersburg was
122,
of whom
104
graduated.
Forty Bulgarians were educated in the Mikhail Artillery
Academy, in the Nicholas Engineering Academy they were
28,
and
38 -
in the Alexander Military Law Academy, etc.
The second largest group of Bulgarian armed forces
members graduated in Italy
- 95
people in total. Most of them,
59,
attended the General Staff Academy in Turin. There was
also some preference for the School of Artillery Application
and Engineering in the same town
- 24
Bulgarians studied
there. The Cavalry School for Officers in Pinerolo and the
Royal Naval Academy in
Livorno
(Leghorn) merit mention¬
ing as well.
Fifty-six Bulgarians were educated and had their post¬
graduate studies in military institutions in Austria-Hungary.
Most of them were listed in the Higher Education Programme
for Artillery in Vienna, the Programme for Staff Officers
257
Applying for Artillery at the Quartermaster Academy. There
was limited Bulgarian representation in the educational insti¬
tutions for officers in Austria
-
the cavalry, infantry, torpedo
ones, as well as at the Military Engineering Academy, the
Naval Academy, etc.
Fifty-five Bulgarian military members studied and post-
graduated in France:
13
of them
-
at the General Staff
Academy in Paris, while the rest
—
in the Quartermaster
Programmes at the Cavalry School in Saumur, etc. The French
contribution to the education of personnel for the nascent
Bulgarian military aviation is highlighted.
As for the education of Bulgarian military personnel in
Belgium, their number was comparatively smaller: at the
General Staff Academy in Brussels there were
10
people and
10
more
-
at the Artillery Application and Engineering Aca¬
demy.
Bulgarian presence was even less pronounced in German
and English military schools.
However, what would be the overall conclusion? If it is
based on a simple calculation comparing the cited numbers,
we have to assume that the Russian contribution in the educa¬
tion and training of Bulgarian military personnel comprised
almost three quarters, while the rest was distributed among
West European countries such as Italy, Austria-Hungary,
France, Belgium, etc. Still, does this proportion reflect pre¬
cisely enough Bulgarian preference when laying the emphasis
on the use of foreign military educational institutions (Russian
or West European ones) for the needs of its army? Obviously,
the answer is negative as far as it was not Bulgarians but
Russian generals who outlined those priorities during the early
years after Bulgaria s Liberation from Ottoman Rule. The pic¬
ture takes on a significantly different look after summarizing
data from
1887
onwards. Thus, the overall sum shows a much
more balanced preference on the part of the Bulgarian
258
Ministry of War for Russian academies and schools on the one
hand, and, on the other
-
towards these educational institu¬
tions in West European countries such as Italy, Austria,
France, Belgium.
259
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Tančev, Ivan D. |
| author_facet | Tančev, Ivan D. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Tančev, Ivan D. |
| author_variant | i d t id idt |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035396925 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)644063557 (DE-599)BVBBV035396925 |
| era | Geschichte 1878-1912 gnd |
| era_facet | Geschichte 1878-1912 |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV035396925 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:34:18Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789546170491 |
| language | Bulgarian |
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| spelling | Tančev, Ivan D. Verfasser aut Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija (1878 - 1912) Ivan Tančev 1. izd. Sofija IK "Gutenberg" 259 S., [26] Bl. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier zahlr. Ill. In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Bulgarians in foreign institutions for military education Geschichte 1878-1912 gnd rswk-swf Bulgarischer Soldat (DE-588)4417396-9 gnd rswk-swf Militärakademie (DE-588)4619708-4 gnd rswk-swf Auslandsstudium (DE-588)4003788-5 gnd rswk-swf Bulgarischer Soldat (DE-588)4417396-9 s Auslandsstudium (DE-588)4003788-5 s Militärakademie (DE-588)4619708-4 s Geschichte 1878-1912 z DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017317635&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017317635&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Tančev, Ivan D. Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija (1878 - 1912) Bulgarischer Soldat (DE-588)4417396-9 gnd Militärakademie (DE-588)4619708-4 gnd Auslandsstudium (DE-588)4003788-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4417396-9 (DE-588)4619708-4 (DE-588)4003788-5 |
| title | Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija (1878 - 1912) |
| title_auth | Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija (1878 - 1912) |
| title_exact_search | Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija (1878 - 1912) |
| title_full | Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija (1878 - 1912) Ivan Tančev |
| title_fullStr | Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija (1878 - 1912) Ivan Tančev |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija (1878 - 1912) Ivan Tančev |
| title_short | Bălgari v čuždestranni voennoučebni zavedenija |
| title_sort | balgari v cuzdestranni voennoucebni zavedenija 1878 1912 |
| title_sub | (1878 - 1912) |
| topic | Bulgarischer Soldat (DE-588)4417396-9 gnd Militärakademie (DE-588)4619708-4 gnd Auslandsstudium (DE-588)4003788-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Bulgarischer Soldat Militärakademie Auslandsstudium |
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