Verfügbarkeit: Cognitive wireless networks

Cognitive wireless networks: concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Weitere Verfasser:	Fitzek, Frank H.P (HerausgeberIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Dordrecht Springer 2007
Schlagworte:	Cognitive radio networks > Congresses Local area networks (Computer networks) Software radio Wide area networks (Computer networks) Wireless communication systems Funknetz Kognitiver Funk Konferenzschrift
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	XXXVI, 714 S. Ill., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9781402059780 9781402059797

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	Contents What is Cognitive Radio and Cognitive Networks? Bernhard Walke................................................. VII Part I Introductory Chapter 1 Cooperative and Cognitive Networks: A Motivating Introduction Marcos D. Katz, Frank H.P. Füzek ................................. 3 1.1 Introduction ............................................... 3 1.2 Ten Tenets Shaping Future Wireless Communications ........... 4 1.3 An Introduction to Cooperative Wireless Networks ............. 14 1.4 An Introduction to Cognitive Communication Systems .......... 20 1.5 Towards Cooperative and Cognitive Wireless Communications ... 24 1.6 Discussions and Conclusion .................................. 25 References ...................................................... 29 2 Cellular Controlled Peer to Peer Communications: Overview and Potentials Frank H.P. Fitzek, Marcos Katz ................................... 31 2.1 Challenges for Future Wireless Networks ...................... 31 2.2 Premises for Cooperation .................................... 36 2.3 Combining the Cellular and the P2P World .................... 39 2.3.1 Cooperative Architecture ............................. 40 2.3.2 Realization of the Cellular and the Short Range Link ___ 41 2.3.3 The Importance of the Short-Range Communication Link 42 2.3.4 Somebody out There? ............................... 44 2.3.5 Nature Inspired Cooperation .......................... 44 2.4 Cooperative Services ........................................ 46 2.4.1 Multicast and Broadcast Services ...................... 47 2.4.2 Unicast Services ..................................... 53 XVIII Contents 2.5 Service Discovery within Cooperative Cluster .................. 54 2.6 Benefits of Cooperation in the Wireless World ................. 56 2.7 Conclusion ................................................ 58 References ...................................................... 58 Part II Cooperative Networks: Social, Operational and Communicational Aspects 3 Applying Evolutionary Approaches for Cooperation David Hales ..................................................... 63 3.1 Introduction ............................................... 63 3.2 From Evolution to Protocols ................................. 64 3.3 Cooperation ............................................... 66 3.4 The Prisoner s Dilemma and Variants ......................... 67 3.5 Tag-Based Cooperation Algorithm ............................ 68 3.6 The SLAC Protocol ........................................ 69 3.7 Possible Applications ....................................... 72 3.8 Discussion and Conclusion ................................... 73 References ...................................................... 73 4 The Social Qualities of Pervasive Wireless Networks Mark Pesce ..................................................... 75 4.1 Introduction: The Social Hormone ............................ 75 4.2 Hyperintelligence and the End of Elites ....................... 76 4.3 Pox Populi and the Collapse of the Mass Mind ................. 79 4.4 Read-Write Culture and the Restructuring of Institutions .............................................. 82 4.5 Conclusion: Pervasive Wireless Networks and the Rise of Hyperpeople ................................. 84 References ...................................................... 86 5 Encouraging Cooperative Interaction among Network Entities Sonja Buchegger, John Chuang .................................... 87 5.1 Benefits of Network Cooperation ............................. 87 5.2 The Cooperation Dilemma ................................... 88 5.3 Solution Approaches ........................................ 91 5.3.1 Reputation Systems ................................. 91 5.3.2 Payment Systems ................................... 93 5.3.3 Barter Systems ..................................... 94 5.3.4 Enforcement Systems ................................ 94 5.4 Challenges ................................................. 96 5.4.1 Selfish v. Malicious v. Faulty Behavior ................. 96 5.4.2 Observability ....................................... 96 Contents XIX 5.4.3 Identity ............................................ 98 5.4.4 Fairness ............................................100 5.4.5 Meta Cooperation ...................................102 5.4.6 Time ..............................................103 5.5 Conclusions ................................................105 References ......................................................106 6 Competition and Cooperation in Wireless Multi-Access Networks Johan Hultell, Jens Zander, Jan Markendahl ........................109 6.1 Introduction ...............................................109 6.2 Technology for dynamic cooperation and competition ...........112 6.3 Cooperative Wireless Access .................................115 6.3.1 Benefits and Perils of Cooperation .....................115 6.3.2 How Much Can Be Gained through Cooperation? .......116 6.3.3 Current Practice of Infrastructure Cooperation ..........118 6.4 Competitive Wireless Access .................................119 6.4.1 Benefits of Competitive Wireless Access ................119 6.4.2 Feasibility of a Competitive Wireless Access Market .....120 6.5 Dynamic Cooperation and Competition .......................126 6.6 Conclusions ................................................130 References ......................................................131 7 A Cooperative ID for 4G Simone Fruttasi, Напапе Fathi ....................................133 7.1 Introduction ...............................................133 7.2 The Fall of 3G .............................................134 7.3 The Raise of 4G ............................................135 7.3.1 Prophetic Visions ...................................135 7.3.2 A Pragmatic Methodology to Define 4G ................135 7.4 Examples of User and Group Scenarios ........................137 7.4.1 Business on-the-Move ................................137 7.4.2 Smart Shopping .....................................137 7.4.3 Mobile Tourist Guide ................................137 7.4.4 Personalization Transfer ..............................137 7.5 Key Features of 4G from the User and Group Perspectives .......138 7.5.1 User Friendliness, User and Group Personalization .......139 7.5.2 Terminal and Network Heterogeneity ..................140 7.6 Technical Requirements and Expectations for 4 G ...............142 7.6.1 System .............................................143 7.6.2 Services ............................................145 7.6.3 Devices ............................................146 7.7 Towards a Definition of 4G ..................................147 7.7.1 The Ad-Coop Network Model .........................147 7.7.2 The Alchemy of Cooperation in 4G Wireless ............148 XX Contents 7.8 Enabling Wireless Cooperation ...............................149 7.8.1 Group Formation ....................................149 7.8.2 Cooperation Triggers and Types of Cooperation .........150 7.8.3 The User Experience .................................150 7.9 Conclusions ................................................151 References ......................................................151 8 Implementing Cooperative Wireless Networks Stefan Valentin, Hermann S. Lichte, Holger Karl, Sébastien Simoens, Guillaume Vivier, Josep Vidal, Adrian Agustín...................... 155 8.1 Introduction ...............................................155 8.2 Approaches in User Cooperative Diversity .....................157 8.2.1 From Relaying to User Cooperation Diversity ...........158 8.2.2 Current Approaches - A Classification .................159 8.3 Designing Cooperative Systems - New Problems and Required Functionality ..................................162 8.3.1 Mobile Cooperation .................................162 8.3.2 Cooperation-Aware Resource Allocation ................165 8.3.3 Medium Access Control ..............................168 8.4 Towards Feasibility - Implementing Cooperative Systems ........173 8.5 Conclusion ................................................175 References ......................................................176 9 Scalable Cooperation in Multi-Terminal Half-Duplex Relay Networks Peter Rost, Gerhard Fettweis......................................179 9.1 Introduction ...............................................179 9.2 Nomenclature and Relay Network Model ......................181 9.3 Protocols for Half-Duplex Relay Nodes ........................182 9.3.1 A Compress-And-Forward Based Approach .............182 9.3.2 A Decode-And-Forward Based Approach ...............189 9.3.3 Mixed Strategies ....................................192 9.4 Application to Wireless Communications ......................193 9.5 Summary ..................................................194 References ......................................................195 10 Trigger Management and Mobile Node Cooperation Jukka Mäkelä, Kostas Pentikousis, Mikko Majanen, Jyrki Huusko .....199 10.1 Introduction ...............................................199 10.2 Mobility Triggers ...........................................200 10.2.1 TRG Producers and Consumers .......................200 10.2.2 The Role of TRG ...................................201 10.3 A Trigger Management Architecture ..........................202 10.3.1 Triggering Events Collection ..........................203 10.3.2 Trigger Processing ...................................204 10.3.3 Trigger Repository ..................................204 10.3.4 TRG Policies and Rules ..............................205 Contents XXI 10.4 Routing Group Cooperation................................. 205 10.4.1 Routing Group Formation............................206 10.4.2 Stability-Based Multi-Hop Clustering Protocol ..........207 10.4.3 An Overview of the Gateway Selection Architecture .....209 10.5 Conclusion ................................................210 References ......................................................210 11 Cooperative Mobile Positioning in 4G Wireless Networks Simone Frattasi, Marco Monti .....................................213 11.1 Introduction ...............................................213 11.2 Related Work ..............................................215 11.2.1 Hybrid Positioning Techniques ........................216 11.2.2 NLOS Error Mitigation Techniques ....................217 11.3 The Ad-Coop Positioning System .............................218 11.3.1 System Architecture .................................218 11.3.2 Data Fusion Method .................................219 11.4 Simulation Models ..........................................222 11.4.1 Statistical Models for TOA and AOA Estimation Errors. . 223 11.4.2 Statistical Channel Model for RSS Estimation ..........224 11.5 Simulation Results ..........................................225 11.5.1 Performance Dependency on the Number of CMs ........226 11.5.2 Performance Dependency on the Number of BSs ........228 11.6 Localization, Cooperation and Cognition ......................228 11.7 Conclusions ................................................231 References ......................................................232 12 Peer-to-Peer Information Retrieval Based on Fields of Interest Bertalan Forstner, Gergely Csúcs, Imre Kelényi, Hassan Charaf .......235 12.1 Inspiration from Everyday Life ...............................235 12.2 Modeling Fields of Interests ..................................239 12.2.1 The Semantic Profile ................................239 12.2.2 The Connection Profile ..............................240 12.2.3 The Reply Profile ...................................243 12.2.4 The Query Profile ...................................243 12.3 Protocol Extension .........................................244 12.4 Protocol Performance .......................................246 12.5 The Application of Our Results ..............................247 12.5.1 Designing Symella ...................................247 12.5.2 The Architecture of Symella ..........................247 12.6 Conclusion ................................................248 References ......................................................248 XXII Contents Part III Cognitive Networks 13 Introducing Cognitive Systems to the B3G Wireless World P. Demestichas, G. Dimitrakopoulos, K. Tsagkaris. V. Stavroulaki, and A. Katidiotis ................................................253 13.1 Introduction ...............................................253 13.1.1 The Wireless World Today ...........................253 13.1.2 Motivation: Cognitive Networks and their Management Functionality .......................................255 13.2 Management Functionality for Cognitive Network Segments ......257 13.2.1 Problem Description .................................257 13.2.2 Cognitive Features ..................................259 13.3 Management Functionality for Cognitive Access Points ..........260 13.3.1 The Autonomie Management of Access Points (AMAP) . . 260 13.3.2 Cognitive Features ..................................262 13.4 Management Functionality for Cognitive Wireless Terminals .....262 13.4.1 The Cognitive Reconfigurable Equipment Management System (CREMS) ..................................263 13.4.2 Cognitive Features ..................................265 13.5 Conclusions ................................................268 References ......................................................269 14 Architectures and Protocols for Next Generation Cognitive Networking B. S. Manoj, Ramesh R. Rao. Michele Zorzi ........................271 14.1 Introduction ...............................................271 14.2 Definition of Cognitive Networking ...........................272 14.3 Architectures for Cognitive Networking ........................272 14.3.1 Autonomous Cognitive Networking ....................273 14.3.2 Distributed Cognitive Networking .....................277 14.4 CogNet: Cognitive Complete Knowledge Network ...............277 14.4.1 CogPlane and CogBus ...............................279 14.4.2 Case Study: CogTCP ................................280 14.5 Summary ..................................................283 References ......................................................284 15 Scheduling in Cognitive Networks Chandrasekharan Raman, Jasvinder Singh, Roy D. Yates, and Narayan B. Mandayam .......................................285 15.1 Introduction ...............................................285 15.2 System Model ..............................................287 15.3 Maximum Sum Rate Scheduling ..............................290 15.4 Fair Scheduling ............................................291 15.4.1 Max-Min Fairness ...................................292 15.4.2 Proportional Fairness ................................293 Contents XXIII 15.5 Distributed Dynamic Spectrum Access Policies .................293 15.5.1 Rate Regions .......................................294 15.5.2 Characterization of Rate Region for the Decentralized Scheme ............................................295 15.5.3 Distributed Algorithm ...............................297 15.6 Cross Layer Scheduling of End-to-End Flows ...................299 15.7 Simulation Results ..........................................301 15.8 Conclusion ................................................302 References ......................................................302 16 Design of Terminals and Infrastructure Components for Cognitive Wireless Networks Alexander Vießmann, Admir Burnic, Christoph Spiegel, Arjang Hessamian-Alinejad, Andreas Waadt, Guido H. Brück, Peter Jung.....307 16.1 Ubiquitous Wireless Multimedia..............................307 16.2 Reconfigurability and Cognitive Modes of Operation............309 16.3 Platform Based Design Flow .................................312 16.4 PROMETHEUS Platform ...................................316 16.4.1 General Concept ....................................316 16.4.2 Transceiver Engines .................................317 16.4.3 HAWK Transceiver ..................................318 16.5 Future Proofness of the PROMETHEUS Platform ..............322 16.6 Conclusions ................................................324 References ......................................................325 17 Fundamental Limits of Cognitive Radio Networks Natasha Devroye, Vahid Tarokh ....................................327 17.1 Introduction ...............................................327 17.1.1 Chapter Outline ....................................329 17.2 Fundamental Limits of Cognitive Radio Channels: Perfect CSI . . . 329 17.2.1 Gaussian Noise .....................................333 17.2.2 Discrete Memoryless Channel ........................337 17.2.3 Further Results .....................................342 17.3 Fundamental Limits of Cognitive Radio Channels: Imperfect CSI and Fading Channels ....................................344 17.3.1 The Compound Geľfand-Pinsker Channel ..............344 17.3.2 Carbon Copying onto Dirty Paper .....................346 17.3.3 Gel fand-Pinkser Coding with Unknown Phase ..........348 17.4 Conclusion ................................................349 References ......................................................349 XXIV Contents 18 Spectrum Awareness: Techniques and Challenges for Active Spectrum Sensing Marko Höyhtyä, Also Hekkala, Marcos Katz, Aarne Mämmelä .........353 18.1 Introduction ...............................................353 18.2 A Classification of Spectrum Awareness .......................354 18.2.1 Passive Awareness ...................................355 18.2.2 Active Awareness ...................................357 18.2.3 Response Time and Topology .........................358 18.3 Spectrum Sensing Techniques ................................359 18.3.1 Matched Filter Detection .............................360 18.3.2 Energy Detection ....................................360 18.3.3 Feature Detection ...................................362 18.3.4 Interference Temperature Concept .....................363 18.4 Spectrum Sensing Challenges ................................365 18.5 To Cooperate or Not to Cooperate? ...........................366 18.6 Emerging Techniques .......................................367 18.7 Conclusions ................................................368 References ......................................................369 19 Robust Spectrum Sensing Techniques for Cognitive Radio Networks Danijela Cabric, Robert Brodersen .................................373 19.1 Spectrum Sensing for Cognitive Radio Networks ...............373 19.1.1 Requirements and Challenges .........................373 19.1.2 System Design Options ..............................374 19.2 Signal Processing Techniques for Spectrum Sensing .............375 19.2.1 Simple General Approach - Energy Detector ............375 19.2.2 Exploiting Deterministic Signals - Coherent Processing . . . 377 19.2.3 Detecting Signal Features - Cyclostationary Processing . . . 381 19.3 Network Level Techniques ...................................388 19.3.1 Exploiting Diversity - Cooperative Sensing .............388 19.3.2 Limitations in Cooperative Sensing ....................391 19.4 System Design Guidelines for Spectrum Sensing ................392 References ......................................................394 Part IV Marrying Cooperation and Cognition in Wireless Networks 20 Cognitive Resource Manager Marina Petrova, Petri Mähönen...................................397 20.1 Introduction ...............................................397 20.2 CRM Framework ...........................................399 20.3 Interfaces ..................................................403 20.3.1 ULLA .............................................403 20.3.2 Common Application Requirements Interface ...........405 20.3.3 Universal Network Interface ..........................405 Contents XXV 20.4 Core Unit Aspects ..........................................407 20.4.1 Learning and Reasoning with Genetic Algorithms .......407 20.4.2 Decision Making and Utility Functions .................410 20.4.3 Managing Time-Scales: CRM-core .....................415 20.5 Conclusions ................................................418 References ......................................................419 21 The C-Cube Concept - Combining Cross-Layer Protocol Design, Cognitive-, and Cooperative Network Concepts Thomas Anlasen, Frank H.P. Füzek ................................423 21.1 Introduction ...............................................423 21.2 Motivation ................................................424 21.3 Cognitive Networking in Cellular Networks ....................426 21.4 Preliminary Results .........................................429 21.5 Cross-Layer and Cognition Combination .......................431 21.6 Conclusion ................................................432 References ......................................................432 22 Cellular Controlled P2P Communication Using Software Defined Radio Jesper M. Kristensen, Frank H.P. Fitzek ............................435 22.1 Introduction ...............................................435 22.2 Realization Forms of the CCP2P Scenario .....................436 22.2.1 Multi-Mode Realization ..............................439 22.2.2 Combined Cellular and Short Range Air Interface .......439 22.3 SDR and SCR Architectures .................................447 22.3.1 SCR Architecture Versus SDR Architecture .............449 22.3.2 SDR Receiver Architecture for Cooperating Terminal .... 451 22.4 CCP2P Testbed with the GNU Radio .........................452 22.4.1 Introduction to GNU Radio ..........................452 22.4.2 GNU Radio Setup for a CCP2P Cooperative Scenario ___453 22.5 Discussion .................................................454 References ......................................................454 23 A Cooperative Scheme Enabling Spatial Reuse in Wireless Networks Chenguang Lu, Frank H.P. Fitzek, Patrick CF. Eggers............... 457 23.1 Introduction ...............................................457 23.2 Description of the Proposed CSR Scheme ......................458 23.2.1 Cooperation Conditions ..............................460 23.2.2 CSR Capacity Region ................................461 23.2.3 CSR Availability ....................................462 23.3 CSR with Transmit Beamforming on MISO Links ..............463 23.3.1 Transmit Beamforming on MISO Links ................463 23.3.2 MRC-TDMA Versus ZF-CSR .........................463 XXVI Contents 23.4 Numerical Examples ........................................466 23.4.1 CSR Availability ....................................466 23.4.2 Capacity Gain ......................................467 23.4.3 Energy Efficiency Saving .............................467 23.5 Conclusions and Outlook ....................................469 References ......................................................470 24 On the Energy Saving Potential in DVB-H Networks Exploiting Cooperation among Mobile Devices Qi Zhang, Frank H.P. Füzek, Marcos Katz ..........................473 24.1 Introduction ...............................................473 24.2 Cooperative Strategy for IP-services over DVB-H ...............475 24.3 Cooperative Short-Range Communication .....................476 24.3.1 Topology Based Cooperative Algorithm ................477 24.3.2 Signalling on the Short-Range Link ...................478 24.4 Numerical Examples for Energy Consumption Analysis ..........479 24.5 Conclusion ................................................482 References ......................................................484 25 Cooperative Retransmission for Reliable Wireless Multicast Services Qi Zhang, Frank H.P. Füzek ......................................485 25.1 Introduction ...............................................485 25.2 Non-Cooperative Error Recovery Strategies ....................487 25.2.1 ARQ Scheme .......................................487 25.2.2 FEC/HARQ Schemes ................................488 25.3 Cooperative Retransmission Strategy .........................489 25.3.1 Frame Structure Design on Cellular Link with TDD Mode ....................................489 25.3.2 Design Cooperative Retransmission Scheme on the Short-Range Link .............................490 25.3.3 Energy Consumption by Cooperative Retransmission Protocol ...........................................493 25.4 Comparison of Energy Consumption ..........................494 25.5 Conclusion ................................................496 References ......................................................497 26 IP Header Compression for Cellular-Controlled P2P Networks Tatiana К. Madsen, Qi Zhang, Frank H.P. Füzek ....................499 26.1 Introduction and Motivation .................................499 26.2 Autonomous and Cooperative Header Compression in Cellular-Controlled P2P Networks ..........................502 26.3 Design of Information Exchange over Short Range Connections . . . 504 26.4 Evaluation of CCP2P Header Compression ....................506 26.4.1 Probability of Error Burst ............................506 26.4.2 Bandwidth Savings and Energy Efficiency ..............507 Contents XXVII 26.5 Discussion on Cooperation Strategies .........................508 26.6 Conclusions ................................................510 References ......................................................510 27 Cluster Based Cooperative Uplink Access in Centralized Wireless Networks Qi Zhang, Frank H.P. Füzek, Villy B. Iversen .......................513 27.1 Introduction ...............................................513 27.2 CSMA/CA Based MAC Strategies ............................514 27.2.1 RTS/CTS Strategy .................................514 27.2.2 Packet Aggregation Strategy .........................518 27.3 The OneĄall Strategy .......................................522 27.3.1 Throughput & Channel Access Delay Analysis ..........523 27.3.2 Energy Consumption Analysis ........................524 27.4 Numerical Results ..........................................524 27.5 Conclusions ................................................526 References ......................................................528 Part V Methodologies and Tools 28 Cooperation for Cognitive Networks: A Game Theoretic Perspective Cristina Comaniciu ..............................................533 28.1 Future Generation of Wireless Networks: Opportunities and Challenges .................................................533 28.2 A Game Theoretic Framework for Cooperation .................534 28.2.1 Modeling the Cognition Cycle .........................534 28.2.2 Coalitional Game Theory .............................535 28.2.3 Non-Cooperative Games .............................536 28.3 Cooperative Protocols for Cognitive Networks: Some Examples . . . 537 28.3.1 Implicit Cooperation in Protocol Design ................537 28.3.2 Incentivizing Cooperation for Non-Cooperative Games . . . 539 28.4 Conclusions and Open Issues .................................548 References ......................................................550 29 Spectrum Sharing Games of Network Operators and Cognitive Radios Mohammad Hossein Manshaei, Márk Félegyházi, Julien Freudiger, Jean-Pierre Hubaux, Peter Marbach................................555 29.1 Introduction ...............................................555 29.2 Theoretical Background .....................................556 29.2.1 Game Theory .......................................557 29.2.2 Auction Design .....................................559 29.2.3 Graph Coloring .....................................560 XXVIII Contents 29.3 Network Operator Games ...................................561 29.3.1 WAN-WiFi Competition .............................561 29.3.2 National Border Spectrum Sharing....................562 29.3.3 Network Operators Spectrum Sharing..................564 29.4 Games in Unlicensed Bands..................................567 29.4.1 Spectrum Sharing among Heterogeneous Wireless Systems 567 29.4.2 Spectrum Sharing among WiFi Operators ..............569 29.5 Cognitive Radio Games .....................................571 29.5.1 Opportunistic Spectrum Sharing ......................572 29.5.2 Auction Based Spectrum Sharing ......................573 29.5.3 Spectrum Sharing in OFDM Networks .................574 29.6 Conclusion ................................................577 References ......................................................577 30 Introduction to NetLogo Federico Albiero, Frank H.P. Füzek, Marcos Katz ....................579 30.1 Why NetLogo ..............................................579 30.2 Main Features .............................................580 30.3 Getting Started ............................................581 30.4 A Model for Cooperation in Wireless Networks .................583 30.4.1 The PD Iterated Example ............................583 30.4.2 Modeling Cooperation in Wireless Networks ............586 30.5 NetLogo Libraries for Cooperation ............................587 30.5.1 Model Setup ........................................587 30.5.2 Cooperative Games ..................................595 30.5.3 Displaying Data .....................................599 30.6 Conclusion ................................................600 References ......................................................601 31 Analysis of Cooperative Power Saving Strategies with NetLogo Federico Albiero, Frank Füzek, Marcos Katz .........................603 31.1 Scenario of Investigation ....................................603 31.2 Theoretic Analysis ..........................................605 31.3 Strategies Overview .........................................607 31.4 Performance Evaluation .....................................610 31.4.1 Power Saving Gain of Cooperation ....................611 31.4.2 Mixed Scenario .....................................614 31.4.3 Two-Box Model .....................................615 31.5 Conclusion ................................................619 References ......................................................620 Contents XXIX Part VI Visions, Prospects and Emerging Technologies 32 Cooperation in Optical Wireless Communications Dominic O Brien ................................................623 32.1 Introduction ...............................................623 32.2 Overview of Optical Wireless Communications .................624 32.3 System Components ........................................625 32.3.1 Transmitter ........................................626 32.3.2 Receiver ...........................................626 32.4 Cooperation between RF and Optical Wireless (OW) Systems ... 627 32.5 Potential Scenarios for Cooperative Working ...................628 32.5.1 Hotspots ...........................................628 32.5.2 Cooperative Transceivers .............................628 32.5.3 Enabling Developments ..............................629 32.6 Conclusions ................................................630 References ......................................................631 33 Evolution of Digital Radios Friedrich К. Jondral, Volker Blaschke ..............................635 33.1 Introduction ...............................................635 33.2 Transmission Physics and Standards ..........................635 33.3 Radio .....................................................637 33.4 Digital Radio (DR) .........................................640 33.5 Software Defined Radio (SDR) ...............................643 33.5.1 SDR Processing .....................................643 33.5.2 Parameterization ....................................644 33.5.3 Military SDR - The Software Communications Architecture (SCA) ..................................645 33.6 Cognitive Radio ............................................647 33.6.1 Cognitive Radio Structure ............................648 33.6.2 Functional Enhancement of Cognitive Radios ...........649 33.6.3 Cognitive Radio Features in Current and Future Communication Systems .............................650 33.7 Conclusion ................................................652 References ......................................................653 34 CogMesh: A Cluster Based Cognitive Radio Mesh Network Tao Chen, Honggang Zhang, Xiaofei Zhou, Gian Mario Maggio, Imrich Chlamtac .................................................657 34.1 Introduction ...............................................657 34.2 Network Model ............................................659 34.3 Network Architecture .......................................661 34.4 MAC Protocol .............................................662 XXX Contents 34.5 Spectrum Hole Detection ....................................663 34.6 Neighbor Discovery and Cluster Formation ....................664 34.6.1 Analysis of Neighbor Discovery Approaches .............666 34.7 Inter-Cluster Connection ....................................666 34.8 Topology Management ......................................668 34.8.1 Nodes Join Network .................................668 34.8.2 Nodes Leave Network ................................669 34.8.3 Spectrum Holes Change ..............................670 34.8.4 Cluster Shift Master Channel .........................670 34.8.5 Merge Clusters ......................................671 34.9 Correctness of Network Connectivity ..........................673 34.10 Simulation Results ..........................................675 34.11 Conclusion ................................................677 References ......................................................677 35 Coordinating User and Device Behavior in Wireless Grids Lee W. McKnight, William Lehr, James Howison ....................679 35.1 Introduction ...............................................679 35.2 From Systems Management to Grid Coordination ..............680 35.3 Coordinating Strategic Behavior in Distributed Networks ........683 35.3.1 Technical ...........................................683 35.3.2 Social ..............................................685 35.3.3 Legal ..............................................687 35.3.4 Economic ..........................................688 35.4 Interactions and Dynamics in Regulation ......................691 35.4.1 Hardening Technical Regulation with Legal Enforcement . 691 35.4.2 New Legal Provisions and Their Surveillance Implications 692 35.5 Conclusion and Implications for Wireless Grids .................693 References ......................................................694 Index ..........................................................709
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indexdate	2024-07-09T21:32:28Z
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isbn	9781402059780 9781402059797
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spelling	Cognitive wireless networks concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications ed. by Frank H. P. Fitzek ... Dordrecht Springer 2007 XXXVI, 714 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Cognitive radio networks Congresses Local area networks (Computer networks) Software radio Wide area networks (Computer networks) Wireless communication systems Funknetz (DE-588)4216130-7 gnd rswk-swf Kognitiver Funk (DE-588)7536943-6 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)1071861417 Konferenzschrift gnd-content Kognitiver Funk (DE-588)7536943-6 s Funknetz (DE-588)4216130-7 s DE-604 Fitzek, Frank H.P. edt Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017183275&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis
spellingShingle	Cognitive wireless networks concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications Cognitive radio networks Congresses Local area networks (Computer networks) Software radio Wide area networks (Computer networks) Wireless communication systems Funknetz (DE-588)4216130-7 gnd Kognitiver Funk (DE-588)7536943-6 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4216130-7 (DE-588)7536943-6 (DE-588)1071861417
title	Cognitive wireless networks concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications
title_auth	Cognitive wireless networks concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications
title_exact_search	Cognitive wireless networks concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications
title_full	Cognitive wireless networks concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications ed. by Frank H. P. Fitzek ...
title_fullStr	Cognitive wireless networks concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications ed. by Frank H. P. Fitzek ...
title_full_unstemmed	Cognitive wireless networks concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications ed. by Frank H. P. Fitzek ...
title_short	Cognitive wireless networks
title_sort	cognitive wireless networks concepts methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications
title_sub	concepts, methodologies and visions inspiring the age of enlightenment of wireless communications
topic	Cognitive radio networks Congresses Local area networks (Computer networks) Software radio Wide area networks (Computer networks) Wireless communication systems Funknetz (DE-588)4216130-7 gnd Kognitiver Funk (DE-588)7536943-6 gnd
topic_facet	Cognitive radio networks Congresses Local area networks (Computer networks) Software radio Wide area networks (Computer networks) Wireless communication systems Funknetz Kognitiver Funk Konferenzschrift
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017183275&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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