Fuel cell micro-grids:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London
Springer
2009
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
| Schriftenreihe: | Power systems
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 251 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9781848003378 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Obara, Shin'ya |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Fuel cell micro-grids |c Shin'ya Obara |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a London |b Springer |c 2009 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 251 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Power systems | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Electric power transmission | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Fuel cells | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804138697861365760 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
1
A Small-scale Fuel Cell Cogeneration System Considering
Partial Load and Load Fluctuation
....................................................... 1
1.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 1
1.2
System Configuration
.................................................................... 2
1.2.1
System Outline
................................................................. 2
1.2.2
Energy Loss and Mass Loss
............................................. 4
1.2.3
System Model and Equations
........................................... 5
1.2.4
Partial Load Operation
..................................................... 7
1.3
Energy Balance and Objective Function
....................................... 8
1.3.1
Energy Balance
................................................................ 8
1.3.2
Electric Heater Operation
................................................. 9
1.3.3
Thermal Storage Operation
.............................................. 11
1.4
Energy Output Characteristics
....................................................... 11
1.4.1
System Operation Map
..................................................... 11
1.4.2
Load Fluctuation and Fuel Consumption
......................... 12
1.5
CaseStudy
..................................................................................... 14
1.5.1
System Outline
................................................................. 14
1.5.2
Results of the Operation Plan
........................................... 14
1.5.3
Annual Operation Cost of the System
.............................. 15
1.6
Conclusions
................................................................................... 16
2
Equipment Arrangement Planning of a Fuel Cell Energy Network
Optimized for Cost Minimization
.......................................................... 17
2.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 17
2.2
System Scheme
.............................................................................. 18
2.2.1
The Energy Network
........................................................ 18
2.2.2
Fuel Cell System
.............................................................. 19
2.2.3
Heat Source Use Order
.................................................... 20
2.2.4
City Gas Reformer
........................................................... 20
2.2.5
Operation Model of the System
....................................... 21
vi
Contents
2.3
Amount of Heat Release of the Hot Water
Piping Network (HWN)
................................................................. 22
2.4
Energy Balance
.............................................................................. 24
2.4.1
The Balance of Power
...................................................... 24
2.4.2
The Balance of Heat
......................................................... 24
2.5
Cost Calculation and Objective Function
...................................... 25
2.5.1
Cost Calculation
............................................................... 25
2.5.2
Objective Function
........................................................... 26
2.6
Analysis Method and Case Study
.................................................. 26
2.6.1
Optimization Using a Genetic Algorithm
........................ 26
2.6.2
Equipment Characteristics Model
.................................... 27
2.6.3
Operation of the Heat Storage Tank and Boiler
............... 29
2.6.4
Specification of Hot Water Piping and a Hot Water
Circulating Pump
............................................................. 29
2.6.5
Analysis Flow
.................................................................. 30
2.6.6
Analysis Conditions
......................................................... 32
2.7
Analysis Result
.............................................................................. 34
2.7.1
Operation Plan of the Fuel Cell and the Reformer
........... 34
2.7.2
Amount of Hot Water Heat Release and the Hot Water
Piping Route
..................................................................... 36
2.7.3
Quantity of Flow of the Hot Water Circulating Pump
..... 38
2.7.4
Operation of the Heat Storage Tank and the Boiler
......... 39
2.7.5
Cost Analysis Results
....................................................... 40
2.7.6
Consideration of Analysis Accuracy
................................ 41
2.8
Conclusions
................................................................................... 42
3
Effective Improvement in Generation Efficiency due to Partition
Cooperation Management
...................................................................... 43
3.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 43
3.2
System Configuration
.................................................................... 44
3.2.1
Scheme of the
FC
Micro-grid
.......................................... 44
3.2.2
System Configuration
...................................................... 45
3.2.3
Operating Method
............................................................ 46
3.3
Installation Planning of the
FC
Micro-grid
.................................... 46
3.3.1
Generation Efficiency of the Micro-grid
.......................... 46
3.3.2
The Power Demand Model
.............................................. 49
3.3.3
The Analysis Method
....................................................... 50
3.4
CaseStudy
..................................................................................... 51
3.5
Analysis Results and Discussion
................................................... 52
3.5.1
Generation Efficiency of the Stand-alone System
........... 52
3.5.2
Generation Efficiency of the Central System
................... 54
3.5.3
Generation Efficiency of the Partition
Cooperation System
......................................................... 54
3.6
Conclusions
................................................................................... 59
Contents
Fuel Cell Network System Considering Reduction in Fuel Cell
Capacity Using Load Leveling and Heat Release Loss
........................ 61
4.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 61
4.2
Load Leveling and the Arrangement Plan of the Fuel Cell
........... 62
4.2.1
The Fuel Cell Network System
........................................ 62
4.2.2
Power Generation Characteristics of the Fuel Cell
.......... 63
4.2.3
Load Leveling Using Water Electrolysis
......................... 65
4.2.4
Distribution of the Fuel Cell
............................................ 65
4.2.5
Energy Balance Equation
................................................. 66
4.2.6
Operating Method of the System
..................................... 68
4.3
Analysis Method
............................................................................ 68
4.3.1
Procedure of Analysis
...................................................... 68
4.3.2
Solution Parameters
......................................................... 70
4.4
CaseStudy
..................................................................................... 71
4.4.1
Energy Demand Pattern and Network System
................. 71
4.4.2
Reduction Effect of the Fuel Cell Facility Capacity
........ 72
4.4.3
Route Planning Result of the Hot Water Piping
............... 73
4.4.4
Result of the Fuel Cell Arrangement Plan
....................... 75
4.5
Conclusions
................................................................................... 76
Equipment Plan of a Compound Interconnection Micro-grid
Composed of Diesel Power Plants and a Fuel Cell
............................... 77
5.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 77
5.2
Compound Interconnection Micro-grid
......................................... 78
5.2.1
The Micro-grid Model
..................................................... 78
5.2.2
The
СІМ
Model
............................................................... 80
5.2.3
Facility Scheme
................................................................ 80
5.2.4
The
СІМ
Operating Method
............................................. 82
5.3
Equipment Characteristics
............................................................. 82
5.3.1
Diesel Engine Power Generator
....................................... 82
5.3.2
The Proton Exchange Membrane-type Fuel Cell
............. 84
5.4
Analysis Method
............................................................................ 84
5.4.1
Route Plan of the Compound Interconnection Grid
......... 84
5.4.2
Analysis Flow
.................................................................. 85
5.4.3
The Power Demand Model
.............................................. 86
5.5
CaseStudy
..................................................................................... 88
5.5.1
The Urban Area Model
.................................................... 88
5.5.2
Complex Community
....................................................... 89
5.5.3
The Residential Area Model
............................................ 91
5.6
Conclusions
................................................................................... 93
viii Contents
6
The Effective-use Method of Exhaust Heat
for Distributed Fuel Ceils
....................................................................... 95
6.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 95
6.2
Outline of the Fuel Cell Energy Network System
......................... 96
6.2.1
System Outline
................................................................. 96
6.2.2
The Path and the Amount of Heat Release
from the Hot Water Piping
............................................... 98
6.2.3
Heat Energy Balance
........................................................ 100
6.2.4
The Heat Release Amount for a Hot Water Network
....... 101
6.3
Model of the Fuel Cell
................................................................... 102
6.3.1
Characteristics of Electric Power and Heat Output
.......... 102
6.3.2
Energy Demand Pattern and Capacity of the Fuel Cell
.... 103
6.4
Case Analysis
................................................................................ 104
6.4.1
Weather Conditions in Sapporo
....................................... 104
6.4.2
Analysis Method
.............................................................. 105
6.5
Analysis Results
............................................................................ 107
6.5.1
The Optimal Path and the Amount of Heat Release
from a Hot Water Piping Network
................................... 107
6.5.2
Optimal Path of the Energy Demand Pattern
and the Hot Water Piping
................................................. 108
6.5.3
The Influence of Load Fluctuations
................................. 110
6.6
Conclusions
................................................................................... 111
7
Load Response Characteristics of the Fuel Cell
for Individual Cold-region Houses
........................................................ 113
7.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 113
7.2
System Configuration
.................................................................... 114
7.2.1
System Outline
................................................................. 114
7.2.2
Method of Power Generation
........................................... 116
7.2.3
Method of Heat Supply
.................................................... 117
7.2.4
Controller and Auxiliary Machinery
................................ 117
7.2.5
Model of Operation Control
............................................. 118
7.3
The Time Constant of Each Piece of Equipment
........................... 119
7.3.1
The Time Constant of the Fuel Cell Stack
....................... 120
7.3.2
Town Gas Reformer
......................................................... 123
7.3.3
Inverter and System Interconnection Device
................... 124
7.3.4
The Time Constant of the Heat Pump
.............................. 124
7.4
Analysis Method
............................................................................ 125
7.5
Results and Discussion
.................................................................. 126
7.5.1
Control Variables of the Controller
.................................. 126
7.5.2
Step Response Characteristics of the System
................... 128
7.5.3
Step Response Characteristics
with Power Load Fluctuation
........................................... 130
7.5.4
Application to an Individual Cold-region House
............. 133
7.6
Conclusions
................................................................................... 135
Contents ix
8
Load Response Characteristics of a Fuel Cell Micro-grid
with Control of the Number of Units
.................................................... 137
8.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 137
8.2
The Micro-grid Model
................................................................... 138
8.2.1
Power Quality of the Micro-grid
...................................... 138
8.3
Response Characteristics of System Configuration Equipment
.... 142
8.3.1
Generation Characteristics of the Engine Generator
........ 142
8.3.2
Generation Characteristics of the Fuel Cell
..................... 143
8.3.3
Output Characteristics of the City Gas Reformer
............ 144
8.3.4
Inverter and Interconnection Device
................................ 144
8.3.5
Generation Efficiency of the Fuel Cell System
................ 144
8.4
Control Variables and Analysis Method
........................................ 145
8.5
Load Response Characteristics of the Micro-grid
......................... 147
8.5.1
Step Response Characteristics
.......................................... 147
8.5.2
Application of the Electric Power Demand Pattern
of a House
........................................................................ 148
8.5.3
Generation Efficiency of the Fuel Cell
............................ 150
8.6
Conclusions
................................................................................... 152
9
Dynamic Characteristics of a PEM-FC/
Woody Biomass Engine Hybrid Micro-grid
......................................... 153
9.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 153
9.2
System Scheme
.............................................................................. 154
9.2.1
The Hybrid Micro-grid
..................................................... 154
9.2.2
The Micro-grid System Operating Method
...................... 157
9.3
Control Response Characteristics of
РЕМ
-FC
and
SEG
............... 157
9.3.1
The Control Block Diagram
............................................. 157
9.3.2
Response Characteristics of PEM-FC
.............................. 159
9.3.3
Response Characteristics of
SEG
..................................... 160
9.4
Results of Dynamic Characteristics Analysis of the PWHC
Micro-grid
..................................................................................... 161
9.4.1
Power Response Characteristics of PWHC
...................... 161
9.4.2
Response Characteristics of
SEG
and the PEM-FC
Micro-grid Using the Power Load Pattern for Houses
..... 163
9.4.3
Response Characteristics of the PWHC Micro-grid
Using the Power Load Pattern for Houses
....................... 165
9.5
Conclusions
................................................................................... 167
10
A Fuel Cell and
Hydrogénation
Engine Hybrid System
Considering Efficiency Improvement for Partial-load Operation
...... 169
10.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 169
10.2
System Scheme
.............................................................................. 170
10.2.1
The HCGS Model
............................................................ 170
10.2.2
Operation Method of the System
..................................... 171
x
Contents
10.3
Equipment Characteristics
............................................................. 173
10.3.1
Output Characteristics of
NEG
........................................ 173
10.3.2
Output Characteristics of
РЕМ
-FC
..................................
177
10.4
Power and Heat Output Characteristics of HCGS
......................... 179
10.4.1
Output Characteristics of
NEG
and
РЕМ
-FC
..................
179
10.4.2
Method Operating
FC
or
NEG
with the Threshold
Value of the Load (OM-C)
............................................... 180
10.4.3
Operation Method Using
РЕМ
-FC
Corresponding
to a Base Load (OM-D)
................................................... 181
10.5
CaseSrudy
..................................................................................... 182
10.5.1
Power and Heat Demand Model
...................................... 182
10.5.2
Analysis Method
.............................................................. 183
10.6
Results and Discussion
.................................................................. 184
10.6.1
City Gas Consumption
..................................................... 184
10.6.2
Generation Efficiency and Total Efficiency
..................... 185
10.6.3
Carbon Dioxide Emissions
............................................... 186
10.6.4
Capacity of the Heat Storage Tank
.................................. 187
10.7
Conclusions
................................................................................... 188
11
CO2 Discharged from a Compound Micro-grid
of
a Hydrogénation
City Gas Engine and a Fuel Cell
.......................... 189
11.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 189
11.2
System Scheme
.............................................................................. 190
11.2.1
The
IMPE
Model
............................................................. 190
11.2.2
Operation Method of the Micro-grid
................................ 191
11.2.3
Equipment Scheme
.......................................................... 191
11.3
Equipment Characteristics
............................................................. 193
11.3.1
Output Characteristics of the Gas Engine
Power Generator
.............................................................. 193
11.3.2
Carbon Dioxide Emissions of
NEG
................................. 195
11.3.3
The
РЕМ
-FC
System
....................................................... 196
11.4
Case Study
..................................................................................... 197
11.4.1
The Urban Area Model
.................................................... 197
11.4.2
The Power Demand Model
.............................................. 198
11.4.3
Analysis Flow
.................................................................. 198
11.5
Results and Discussion
.................................................................. 200
11.5.1
Power Load of the Micro-grid
.......................................... 200
11.5.2
Capacity of the Power Plant
............................................. 202
11.5.3
Power Generation Efficiency
........................................... 202
11.5.4
Carbon Dioxide Emissions
............................................... 202
11.5.5
Heat Demand and Exhaust Heat Output
.......................... 204
11.6
Conclusions
................................................................................... 204
Contents xi
12 Development
of a Fast
Operation
Algorithm of a Fuel Cell
System with Solar Reforming
................................................................ 207
12.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 207
12.2
System Configuration
.................................................................... 208
12.2.1
The Fuel Cell System with Bioethanol
Solar Reforming (FBSR)
................................................. 208
12.2.2
Installation Method of FBSR
........................................... 209
12.2.3
Control of Reformed Fuel
................................................ 209
12.3
Energy and Mass Balance
.............................................................. 210
12.3.1
Energy Balance
................................................................ 210
12.3.2
Mass Balance
................................................................... 210
12.4
Dynamic Operation Prediction of SRF
.......................................... 210
12.4.1
Analysis Procedure of the Operation
Prediction Algorithm
........................................................ 210
12.4.2
Structure of the Neural Network
...................................... 211
12.4.3
Learning Calculation
........................................................ 212
12.4.4
The Operation Prediction Process
.................................... 214
12.5
Preparation of the Training Signal Using a GA
............................. 215
12.5.1
Dynamic Operation Plan of a Representative Day
........... 215
12.5.2
Chromosome Model and Analysis Flow
.......................... 216
12.5.3
System Operation
............................................................. 217
12.5.4
Objective Function and Adaptive Value
.......................... 217
12.6
CaseStudy
..................................................................................... 218
12.6.1
Analysis System
............................................................... 218
12.6.2
Characteristics of the System
........................................... 218
12.6.3
Analysis Condition
........................................................... 219
12.7
Results and Discussion
.................................................................. 221
12.7.1
Energy Supply by FBSR
.................................................. 221
12.7.2
Analytic Accuracy of the Operation Prediction
............... 222
12.7.3
Analysis Error of the Heat Storage Prediction
................. 225
12.7.4
Relationship Between the Difference in Weather
Characteristics and the Operation Prediction Error
.......... 227
12.8
Conclusions
................................................................................... 230
13
Power Characteristics of a Fuel Cell Micro-grid
with Wind Power Generation
................................................................ 231
13.1
Introduction
................................................................................... 231
13.2
The Micro-grid Model
................................................................... 232
13.3
Response Characteristics of System Configuration Equipment
.... 233
13.3.1
Power Generation Characteristics of the Fuel Cell
.......... 233
13.3.2
Output Characteristics of the City Gas Reformer
............ 233
13.3.3
Power Generation Characteristics
of Wind Power Generation
............................................... 234
13.3.4
Generation Efficiency of the Fuel Cell System
................ 235
13.3.5
Inverter and System Interconnection Device
................... 236
xii Contents
13.4
Control
Parameters
and Analysis Method
..................................... 237
13.5
Load Response Characteristics of the Micro-grid
......................... 238
13.5.1
Step Response
.................................................................. 238
13.5.2
Load Response Characteristics of Cold-region Houses
... 239
13.5.3
Power Generation Efficiency
........................................... 241
13.6
Conclusions
................................................................................... 242
References
......................................................................................................... 245
Index
................................................................................................................. 251
|
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| author | Obara, Shin'ya |
| author_facet | Obara, Shin'ya |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Obara, Shin'ya |
| author_variant | s o so |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035369952 |
| callnumber-first | T - Technology |
| callnumber-label | TK2931 |
| callnumber-raw | TK2931 |
| callnumber-search | TK2931 |
| callnumber-sort | TK 42931 |
| callnumber-subject | TK - Electrical and Nuclear Engineering |
| classification_rvk | VN 6050 ZN 8750 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)232713250 (DE-599)DNB988549069 |
| dewey-full | 621.312429 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 621 - Applied physics |
| dewey-raw | 621.312429 |
| dewey-search | 621.312429 |
| dewey-sort | 3621.312429 |
| dewey-tens | 620 - Engineering and allied operations |
| discipline | Chemie / Pharmazie Maschinenbau / Maschinenwesen Elektrotechnik / Elektronik / Nachrichtentechnik |
| edition | 1. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV035369952 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:32:19Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9781848003378 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017173857 |
| oclc_num | 232713250 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-29T |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-29T |
| physical | XX, 251 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2009 |
| publishDateSearch | 2009 |
| publishDateSort | 2009 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | marc |
| series2 | Power systems |
| spelling | Obara, Shin'ya Verfasser aut Fuel cell micro-grids Shin'ya Obara 1. ed. London Springer 2009 XX, 251 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Power systems Electric power transmission Fuel cells Netzwerk (DE-588)4171529-9 gnd rswk-swf Brennstoffzelle (DE-588)4008195-3 gnd rswk-swf Brennstoffzelle (DE-588)4008195-3 s Netzwerk (DE-588)4171529-9 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017173857&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Obara, Shin'ya Fuel cell micro-grids Electric power transmission Fuel cells Netzwerk (DE-588)4171529-9 gnd Brennstoffzelle (DE-588)4008195-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4171529-9 (DE-588)4008195-3 |
| title | Fuel cell micro-grids |
| title_auth | Fuel cell micro-grids |
| title_exact_search | Fuel cell micro-grids |
| title_full | Fuel cell micro-grids Shin'ya Obara |
| title_fullStr | Fuel cell micro-grids Shin'ya Obara |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fuel cell micro-grids Shin'ya Obara |
| title_short | Fuel cell micro-grids |
| title_sort | fuel cell micro grids |
| topic | Electric power transmission Fuel cells Netzwerk (DE-588)4171529-9 gnd Brennstoffzelle (DE-588)4008195-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Electric power transmission Fuel cells Netzwerk Brennstoffzelle |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017173857&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT obarashinya fuelcellmicrogrids |