Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV:
Gespeichert in:
| Weitere Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia, PA
Saunders
2008
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America
35,4 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI S., S. 519 - 677 Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9781416063278 1416063277 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV |c guest ed. Alan G. Waxman |
| 264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia, PA |b Saunders |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a XVI S., S. 519 - 677 |b Ill. | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America |v 35,4 | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Colposcopy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Uterine Cervical Diseases |x diagnosis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Uterine Cervical Neoplasms |x diagnosis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Vaginal Smears | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Waxman, Alan G. |4 edt | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804138563236790272 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Foreword xjjj
William F. Rayburn
Preface xv
Alan G. Waxman
Natural History of Human Papillomavirus Infections, Cytologic and Histologic
Abnormalities, and Cancer 519
Cosette Marie Wheeler
Over 100 human papillomavirus (HPV) types have been identified to date,
of which over 40 infect the genital tract, primarily through sexual transmis¬
sion. The many different genital HPV types appear to infect, resolve, or
persist, and cause abnormal cytology and cervical intraepithelial neopla-
sia. Several cofactors have been associated with HPV persistence and
lesion progression, including smoking, long-term oral contraceptive use,
other sexually transmitted infections, host immunogenetics, and viral fac¬
tors, such as HPV type and HPV variants. Given the discovery of HPV as
the single primary cause of invasive cervical cancer, primary and second¬
ary interventions have been realized, including HPV testing in cervical
screening programs and prophylactic HPV vaccines. Because first gener¬
ation HPV vaccines only target the two most common HPV types found in
cervical cancer (HPV 16 and 18), cervical screening programs must
continue, and the relative roles of HPV vaccination in young women and
HPV testing in older women (alone or in conjunction with cytology) will
be determined over the next decades.
Cervical Cancer Screening in the Early Postvaccine Era 537
Alan G. Waxman
The Pap test is the foundation of cervical cancer screening in North Amer¬
ica and most industrialized countries. It has been widely used in the United
States since the 1950s. But are our current screening guidelines still justi¬
fied? In this article, the author reviews the current recommendations for
cervical cancer screening by the American Cancer Society (ACS) and
the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and
the evidence supporting them, reviews the relative efficacy of liquid-based
cytology versus the conventional Pap smear, and discusses the role of
HPV DNA testing in primary screening.
Overview of the Cytology Laboratory: Specimen ProcessingThrough Diagnosis 549
Nancy Joste
Screening for cervical cancer by the Papanicolaou or Pap test is a complex
and multistep process. From the clinician s examination room to the cytol¬
ogy laboratory, the Pap test involves numerous laboratory personnel, dif¬
ferent test types, and the possibility of computer-assisted screening and
ancillary testing. The laboratory has in place well-defined procedures to
ensure both error reduction and specimen quality to produce reliable
Pap test results. The Bethesda System 2001 provides guidance and crite¬
ria for both specimen adequacy and diagnostic criteria. Understanding
laboratory procedures in Pap testing aids in clinical understanding of tests
and results and contributes to effective communication between the
pathologist and those involved in patient management of women with
cervical abnormalities.
A Tissue Basis for Colposcopic Findings 565
Dennis M. O Connor
Colposcopic changes are related to the variable degrees of white light that
are absorbed and reflected by the cervix. The interface between the sur¬
face and the underlying vascular stroma consists of cells with variable
amounts of nuclei and cytoplasm. Changes in the cell microanatomy, as
well as microvessel growth related to different normal and abnormal cervi¬
cal environments will dictate the color and vascular appearance of the col-
poscopically viewed cervix.
To ECC or Not to ECC:The Question Remains 583
Rita W. Driggers and Christopher M. Zahn
The usefulness of endocervical curettage (ECC) in evaluating women who
have abnormal cervical cytology and histopathology has been debated for
years; data regarding performance of ECC in the diagnostic evaluations of
squamous and glandular lesions are mixed. There are no well-done ran¬
domized trials or systematic reviews regarding the usefulness of ECC.
The yield on ECC increases in the setting of unsatisfactory colposcopy;
in this situation, there seems less controversy regarding performance of
an ECC. Reproducibility of ECC-rendered diagnosis is a concern. Data
are needed to further define the role of ECC in evaluating women who
have cervical disease.
Management of Atypical Squamous Cells, Low-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial
Lesions, and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia 1 599
Lori A. Boardman and Colleen M. Kennedy
In the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology 2006 Con¬
sensus Guidelines, several changes in the management of mildly abnormal
cervical cytology and histology were made. The most notable changes
involve the management of adolescents, pregnant women, and postmen-
opausal women. For adolescents, management of atypical squamous
cells of undetermined significance and low-grade squamous intraepithelial
lesions is conservative, eliminating the need for immediate colposcopy.
For pregnant women, options have been made to allow for deferral of
colposcopy until pregnancy completion, whereas for postmenopausal
women, the new guidelines call for the option to rely on human papilloma-
virus DNA testing or repeat cytology to manage mild cytologic abnormal¬
ities. The guidelines for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 now focus on
conservative management. The goal of this article is to review the 2006
Guidelines, elaborating on the changes and providing the rationale for
management decisions.
High-Grade Cervical Oysplasia: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment 615
Meggan Zsemlye
This article discusses pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of
high-grade cervical dysplasia.
Management of Atypical Glandular Cells and Adenocarcinoma in Situ 623
Charles J. Dunton
Glandular abnormalities of the cervix remain a difficult clinical problem. It is
a challenge for the clinician to manage and follow this unusual cytologic
finding properly. This article highlights the definitions of glandular abnor¬
malities, reviews current published guidelines for clinical management,
and discusses the underlying rates of neoplasia associated with these
cytology reports. It reviews proper follow-up of patients found not to
have neoplasia and current treatment options for patients who have signif¬
icant neoplasia. It also discusses the diagnosis of associated endometrial
lesions and the use of human papillomavirus DNA testing in the manage¬
ment of glandular lesions of the lower genital tract.
Management of Adolescents Who Have Abnormal Cytology and Histology 633
Anna-Barbara Moscicki
Adolescents have been shown to have the highest rates of human papillo-
mavirus (HPV) infection. The cause is likely a combination of sexual risk
behavior and biologic vulnerability. Most HPV and its associated abnormal
cytology are transient, with frequent clearance of HPV and the lesion.
These findings have resulted in new strategies, including observation, for
adolescents who have abnormal cytology. For cytologic atypical squa-
mous cells of undetermined significance or low-grade squamous intraepi-
thelial lesions, adolescents should be followed with cytology at 1-year
intervals for up to 2 years before referral for colposcopy is necessary.
For biopsy-proved cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, management
is similar, with yearly cytology indefinitely or until high-grade squamous in¬
traepithelial lesions or CIN 2,3 develops. CIN 2,3 in compliant adolescents
can be managed with 6-month cytology and colposcopy up to 2 years.
Cervical Cancer Screening in Pregnancy 645
Kathleen Mclntyre-Seltman and Jamie L. Lesnock
Cervical cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed during
pregnancy. Nearly 3% of cases of newly diagnosed cervical cancer occur
in pregnant women, probably because it is one of the few cancers for
which screening is part of routine prenatal care. The prevalence of abnor¬
mal Pap test results in pregnancy does not differ from the age-matched
nonpregnant population. In some populations, up to 20% of pregnant
women have an abnormal Pap result during pregnancy. This article
reviews the literature regarding diagnosis and management of cervical
dysplasia and cancer in pregnancy.
Colposcopy of the Vagina and Vulva 659
Helene M. Gagne
Colposcopic evaluation of the vagina and vulva is an important adjunct to
cervical colposcopy because human papillomavirus disease can be
multifocal and multicentric. Other reasons for vulvar and vaginal colpo¬
scopy include cytology unexplained by cervical findings, vaginal and
vulvar symptoms, and diethylstilbestrol exposure. Vaginal and vulvar intra¬
epithelial neoplastic lesions are important cancer precursors to evaluate
and treat. Many lesion types have a similar appearance, and biopsies
should be used to elucidate the cause of the colposcopic findings.
Index 671
|
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| author2 | Waxman, Alan G. |
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| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035274246 |
| callnumber-first | R - Medicine |
| callnumber-label | RG1 |
| callnumber-raw | RG1.C5 v.35 no.4 |
| callnumber-search | RG1.C5 v.35 no.4 |
| callnumber-sort | RG 11 C5 V 235 NO 14 |
| callnumber-subject | RG - Gynecology and Obstetrics |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)298595611 (DE-599)HBZHT015809554 |
| dewey-full | 618.14075 |
| dewey-hundreds | 600 - Technology (Applied sciences) |
| dewey-ones | 618 - Gynecology, obstetrics, pediatrics, geriatrics |
| dewey-raw | 618.14075 |
| dewey-search | 618.14075 |
| dewey-sort | 3618.14075 |
| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Medizin |
| format | Book |
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| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2008 |
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| series | Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America |
| series2 | Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America |
| spelling | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV guest ed. Alan G. Waxman Philadelphia, PA Saunders 2008 XVI S., S. 519 - 677 Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America 35,4 Colposcopy Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological Uterine Cervical Diseases diagnosis Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnosis Vaginal Smears Waxman, Alan G. edt Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America 35,4 (DE-604)BV000617486 35,4 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017079566&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV Obstetrics and gynecology clinics of North America Colposcopy Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological Uterine Cervical Diseases diagnosis Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnosis Vaginal Smears |
| title | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV |
| title_auth | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV |
| title_exact_search | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV |
| title_full | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV guest ed. Alan G. Waxman |
| title_fullStr | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV guest ed. Alan G. Waxman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV guest ed. Alan G. Waxman |
| title_short | Colposcopy, cervical screening, and HPV |
| title_sort | colposcopy cervical screening and hpv |
| topic | Colposcopy Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological Uterine Cervical Diseases diagnosis Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnosis Vaginal Smears |
| topic_facet | Colposcopy Diagnostic Techniques, Obstetrical and Gynecological Uterine Cervical Diseases diagnosis Uterine Cervical Neoplasms diagnosis Vaginal Smears |
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