Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck:
Gespeichert in:
Weitere Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Philadelphia [u.a.]
Saunders
2008
|
Schriftenreihe: | Otolaryngologic clinics of North America
41,6 |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XVI S., S. 1059 - 1279 Ill., graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 9781416063322 1416063323 |
Internformat
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck |c guest ed. David Goldenberg |
264 | 1 | |a Philadelphia [u.a.] |b Saunders |c 2008 | |
300 | |a XVI S., S. 1059 - 1279 |b Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 1 | |a Otolaryngologic clinics of North America |v 41,6 | |
650 | 4 | |a Parathyroid glands |x Reoperation | |
650 | 4 | |a Parathyroid glands |x Surgery | |
650 | 4 | |a Parathyroid glands |x Surgery |x Complications | |
650 | 4 | |a Thyroid gland |x Reoperation | |
650 | 4 | |a Thyroid gland |x Surgery | |
650 | 4 | |a Thyroid gland |x Surgery |x Complications | |
700 | 1 | |a Goldenberg, David |d 1962- |0 (DE-588)142939277 |4 edt | |
830 | 0 | |a Otolaryngologic clinics of North America |v 41,6 |w (DE-604)BV000003387 |9 41,6 | |
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999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017066652 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804138544232398848 |
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adam_text | CONTENTS
Preface xv
David Goldenberg
A Historical Perspective on Surgery of the Thyroid
and Parathyroid Glands 1059
Jennifer Rogers-Stevane and Gordon L. Kauffman, Jr
The history of thyroid and parathyroid surgery dates back
thousands of years, but the developments leading to the
contemporary era began just over a century ago. Pioneers in the
field include Billroth, Kocher, Mayo, and Halsted. This article
examines the historical progress of operating on the thyroid and
parathyroid and the impact of physiology on surgery, surgery on
physiology, and recent advances in technologies.
Changes in Surgical Anatomy Following Thyroidectomy 1069
Sara L. Richer and Barry L. Wenig
Thyroid reoperation is known to carry a higher risk for
complications because of the increased challenge of identifying
tissue planes, presence of adherent strap muscles, and generalized
scarring of the thyroid bed. Consideration of postsurgical changes
in the anatomy of important landmarks, such as the recurrent and
superior laryngeal nerves, brachiocephalic artery, and parathyroid
glands, is crucial during preoperative planning for thyroid
reoperations. This article provides a review of these key changes
in surgical anatomy and the implications of the anatomic changes
after thyroidectomy.
Thyroid Follicular Epithelial Cell-Derived Carcinomas:
An Overview of Pathology with a Discussion
of the Pathology of Recurrent Disease 1079
William U. Todd IV and Bruce Wenig
The majority of recurrent thyroid carcinomas are histologically
differentiated and readily diagnosed by light microscopy or
VOLUME 41 • NUMBER 6 • DECEMBER 2008 vii
immunohistochemical staining. Infrequently, recurrent carcinoma
may be less differentiated than the index lesion, creating diagnostic
challenges. Complicating issues include thyroid carcinomas that
recur years after initial diagnosis or without clinical elevation of
serum thyroglobulin. With a favorable outcome and lengthy
survival rates after initial diagnosis of differentiated thyroid
carcinoma, there is a greater chance for these carcinomas to recur
and as less differentiated carcinoma. As more advanced treatment
techniques enter daily practice, the pathology of recurrent thyroid
carcinomas will be better defined and more readily diagnosed.
Imaging of Recurrent Thyroid Cancer 1095
Nafi Aygun
Recent improvements in serum Tg assays, the availability of
recombinant thyrotropin, widespread use of neck ultrasonography,
and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT have caused a shift of
paradigm in the detection of recurrent disease in well differentiated
thyroid cancer. High-resolution neck ultrasonography has taken on a
central role, whereas 131I whole body scanning has become less
important. PET/CT has emerged as a powerful tool in the assess¬
ment of patients who have recurrent tumor not demonstrable with
other imaging modalities. The author reviews the tools available for
the detection and localization of recurrent thyroid cancer with
respect to their advantages and limitations in various clinical
scenarios.
Ultrasound in Recurrent Thyroid Disease 1107
Mary C. Frates
Neck ultrasound has been shown to be critical for the post¬
operative evaluation of thyroid cancer patients. The thyroid bed
and surrounding tissues are evaluated for the presence of
recurrence or nodal disease.Each identified node should be
categorized by the sonologist as benign, indeterminate, or suspicious
using the characteristics discussed. The use of ultrasound for
localization of abnormalities in the operating room immediately
before resection permits limited local resection of the affected node.
Recurrent or Residual Hyperparathyroidism and Thyroid
Cancer Effectively Evaluated with Scintigraphy 1117
Michele E. Brenner and Heather A. Jacene
Re-exploration of the neck for residual or recurrent hyperparathyr¬
oidism or thyroid cancer is technically challenging and preoper-
ative imaging is very useful for guiding surgery. For both
pathologies, nuclear medicine techniques have emerged as the
primary preoperative imaging modalities. The precise techniques
used continue to evolve as new equipment and technology (fusion
imaging) become available. The role offluorodeoxyglucose positron
emission tomography or positron emission tomography/CT in
patients with thyroid cancer is also being defined. This article
viii CONTENTS
reviews the role of nuclear medidne imaging in the evaluation of
patients undergoing reoperation of the neck for persistent or
recurrent hyperparathyroidism and well-differentiated thyroid
cancer.
Recent Advances in Molecular Biology of Thyroid Cancer
and Their Clinical Implications 1135
Mingzhao Xing
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. With a
rapidly rising incidence in recent years, novel efficient manage¬
ment strategies are increasingly needed for this cancer. Remarkable
advances have occurred in understanding several major biologic
areas of thyroid cancer, including the molecular alterations for the
loss of radioiodine avidity of thyroid cancer, the pathogenic role of
the MAP kinase and PI3K/Akt pathways and their related genetic
alterations, and the aberrant methylation of functionally important
genes in thyroid tumorigenesis and pathogenesis. These exciting
advances provide unprecedented opportunities for the develop¬
ment of molecular-based novel diagnostic, prognostic, and
therapeutic strategies for thyroid cancer.
Intraoperative Monitoring of the Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve
During Goiter and Thyroid Revision Surgery 1147
Samuel Johnson and David Goldenberg
Reoperation for recurrent or persistent thyroid cancer presents a
challenge for the head and neck surgeon. Scarring, edema, and
friability of the tissues together with distortion of the landmarks
make reoperative thyroid hazardous. Meticulous surgical dissec¬
tion with identification of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is of
paramount importance. Intraoperative neuromonitoring is useful
in reoperative thyroid surgery especially in situations where the
anatomic situation diverges from the normal. Intraoperative
neuromonitoring may reduce the morbidity of reoperative thyroid
surgery.
Invasive Thyroid Cancer: Management
of the Trachea and Esophagus 1155
Daniel L. Price, Richard J. Wong, and Gregory W. Randolph
Well-differentiated thyroid cancer most commonly presents as an
intrathyroidal tumor; however, extrathyroidal extension occurs in
approximately 6% to 13% of patients and carries a significant
negative impact on survival. Extrathyroidal disease may involve
critical structures in the central neck, including the recurrent
laryngeal nerves, trachea, esophagus, and larynx, requiring surgery
extending significantly beyond the thyroid gland. Appropriate
surgical management is of great importance and can normalize
survival curves, whereas gross residual disease postoperatively
may lead to recurrence and decreased survival. Adjuvant post¬
operative therapies for thyroid cancers with extrathyroidal
CONTENTS ix
extension include thyroid hormone suppression, radioactive iodine
therapy, and external beam radiotherapy. This summary reviews
approaches to the management of invasive thyroid cancers
involving the aerodigestive tract.
Revision Thyroid Surgery — Technical Considerations 1169
Ashol R. Shaha
Reoperative thyroid surgery is a technical challenge with a high
incidence of complications and recurrent disease. It requires a
thorough understanding of the anatomy and biology of the disease
process, expertise in surgical technique, and avoidance of
complications related to recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid
glands. Preoperative evaluation includes review of previous
surgical procedures and pathology reports and evaluation of the
extent of the disease with appropriate imaging studies. Preoper¬
ative evaluation of the vocal cord and vocal cord function is vitally
important. Postoperative adjuvant treatment with radioactive
iodine or external radiation therapy should be considered in
selected individuals. Proper histologic evaluation of the recurrent
thyroid tumor is important, to rule out poorly differentiated
thyroid carcinoma. Despite good surgical resection, the incidence
of local recurrence in the central compartment is high in patients
undergoing reoperative thyroid surgery.
Radioguided Reoperative Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery 1185
Michael P. Ondik, Mark Tulchinsky, and David Goldenberg
This article highlights the major milestones in the development of
radioguided reoperative techniques and reviews the recent
literature concerning reoperative thyroid and parathyroid surgery.
Minimally Invasive Reoperative Thyroid Surgery 1199
David J. Terris and Jonathan Opraseuth
Conventional thyroid surgical techniques, introduced 100 years ago,
continue to be applied in modern endocrine surgery practices.
Minimally invasive approaches, however, have been proposed by
Miccoli and others, and have been increasingly embraced. Reoper¬
ative thyroidectomy poses special challenges for even the expert
surgeon, and these challenges are no less important when under¬
taking minimally invasive surgery. Nevertheless, the authors
experience with reoperative minimally invasive thyroid surgery
would suggest that this approach is not only safe and effective, but
confers many of the same advantages as primary minimally invasive
surgery (particularly superior cosmetic results and rapid wound
healing leading to early discharge). When applied judiciously,
reoperative minimally invasive thyroid surgery offers advantages
over conventional surgery and is an appropriate component of a
high-volume head and neck endocrine practice.
X CONTENTS
Management of Regional Metastases in Well-Differentiated
Thyroid Cancer 1207
Stuart Ort and David Goldenberg
Thyroid cancer represents the most common endocrine cancer, and
rates have been increasing over the last 3 decades. The treatment of
cervical metastases in well differentiated thyroid cancer remains in
evolution. Many questions require further resolution. Unlike many
other malignancies, most large studies have found that overall
survival is not significantly affected by regional metastases. On the
other hand, several studies have noted that regional disease may
decrease survival in selected patient groups. The greatest effect of
lymph node metastases seems to be an increase in recurrence rates.
Except for the compartment-oriented removal of clinically positive
nodes, few strong recommendations may be made.
Prevention of Complications in Revision Endocrine
Surgery of the Head Neck 1219
Johnathan D. McGinn
Revision cervical endocrine surgery increases risks for injury to
important adjacent structures, possibly resulting in hoarseness and
postoperative hypocalcemia. With anatomic knowledge and
appropriate use of meticulous dissection techniques, the surgeon
strives to minimize morbidity. Technologic advances have pro¬
vided tools to aid in these difficult cases and maintain the
thoroughness of resection while reducing morbidity. The judicious
use of preoperative imaging can assist the surgeon in identifying
the precise location of disease, thus reducing unnecessary
dissection and risk to surrounding structures, while still perform¬
ing complete resections.
Modern Management of Chylous Leak Following Head
and Neck Surgery: A Discussion of Percutaneous
Lymphangiography-Guided Cannulation
and Embolism of the Thoracic Duct 1231
Leslie B. Scorza, Bradley J. Goldstein, and Rickhesvar P. Mahraj
High-output chylous leak beyond 5 to 7 days of conservative
medical treatment should be treated promptly to avoid the risk for
nutritional and imunologic depletion. Given the effectiveness and
low morbidity of this minimally invasive treatment, this is a
reasonable first option before surgical repair of thoracic duct leak
not responsive to conservative medical treatment.
Medical Management of Persistent or Recurrent Differentiated
Thyroid Carcinoma 1241
John Y. Jun and Andrea Manni
This article presents an overview of medical management of
persistent or recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer, in particular
CONTENTS »
focusing on monitoring strategy and treatment plans. Most
patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma can be successfully
rendered to be free of disease with initial treatments, and those
with persistent or recurrent disease can still expect long-term
survival when they are monitored properly and treated accord¬
ingly. Along with serum thyroglobulin, neck ultrasonography, and
radioactive iodine whole-body scans, the use of cross-sectional
imaging studies and (18F) fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron
emission tomography have facilitated the effort in localizing
lesions and traditional treatments can be implemented effectively.
For disease resistant to conventional therapies, there are new
treatment modalities emerging and being tested, including several
agents targeting specific signaling pathways, each of which may
offer the potential remedy.
Outcomes in Reoperative Thyroid Cancer 1261
Francis P. Ruggiero and Fred G. Fedok
The recommended initial treatment for locoregional recurrence of
thyroid cancer is surgery. Of most value to the surgeon considering
reoperation for thyroid cancer is the impact that such procedures
have on patient survival; the data in this regard are limited. Also of
great interest to the surgeon is morbidity associated with
reoperation. Because these patients have already had a total or
near total thyroidectomy, reoperation requires a surgical revisiting
of an already operated bed; intuitively, one might predict a higher
rate of complications owing to scar tissue. This article reviews the
evidence regarding rates of various complications.
Reoperative Parathyroidectomy 1269
Alfred Simental and Robert L. Ferris
Reoperative surgery for hyperparathyroidism is associated with
increased incidence of complications including vocal cord paraly¬
sis, permanent hypoparathyroidism, and persistent hypercalcemia.
Surgical re-exploration should consist of symptomatic or low-risk
patients. The use of nuclear medicine imaging, ultrasound, and
high-resolution CT and MRI may aid in surgical planning.
Knowledge of potentialectopic locations and a well-planned
surgical approach from lateral to medial is critical, however, in
ensuring adequate resection, which may be verified by intra-
operative parathyroid hormone monitoring.
Index 1275
xii CONTENTS
|
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spelling | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck guest ed. David Goldenberg Philadelphia [u.a.] Saunders 2008 XVI S., S. 1059 - 1279 Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Otolaryngologic clinics of North America 41,6 Parathyroid glands Reoperation Parathyroid glands Surgery Parathyroid glands Surgery Complications Thyroid gland Reoperation Thyroid gland Surgery Thyroid gland Surgery Complications Goldenberg, David 1962- (DE-588)142939277 edt Otolaryngologic clinics of North America 41,6 (DE-604)BV000003387 41,6 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017066652&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck Otolaryngologic clinics of North America Parathyroid glands Reoperation Parathyroid glands Surgery Parathyroid glands Surgery Complications Thyroid gland Reoperation Thyroid gland Surgery Thyroid gland Surgery Complications |
title | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck |
title_auth | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck |
title_exact_search | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck |
title_full | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck guest ed. David Goldenberg |
title_fullStr | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck guest ed. David Goldenberg |
title_full_unstemmed | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck guest ed. David Goldenberg |
title_short | Revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck |
title_sort | revision endocrine surgery of the head and neck |
topic | Parathyroid glands Reoperation Parathyroid glands Surgery Parathyroid glands Surgery Complications Thyroid gland Reoperation Thyroid gland Surgery Thyroid gland Surgery Complications |
topic_facet | Parathyroid glands Reoperation Parathyroid glands Surgery Parathyroid glands Surgery Complications Thyroid gland Reoperation Thyroid gland Surgery Thyroid gland Surgery Complications |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017066652&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
volume_link | (DE-604)BV000003387 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT goldenbergdavid revisionendocrinesurgeryoftheheadandneck |