The law-governed universe:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Oxford [u.a.]
Oxford University Press
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. publ. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Klappentext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references and index |
| Beschreibung: | XII, 407 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780199557707 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | John T.
Roberts presents and defends a radically new theory of laws
ornature,
the Measurability Account of Laws. Though consistent with
a Humean
ontology,
Roberts s theory differs sharply from the most influential
Humean
theory of laws,
David Lewis s Best-System Analysis. Unlike other
Humean
theories, the Measurability
Account affirms that there is an important sense in which the laws govern the universe,
rather than simply describing it economically. Yet unlike
Non-Humean
theories,
it requires only minimal metaphysical commitments. In this way, it combines the
advantages of
Humean
and
Non-Humean
approaches to laws, while avoiding the
pitfalls of each. At the heart of the Measurability Account are two new ideas: that
lawhood is not a property of facts but rather a role that a proposition can play within a
scientific theory, and that what is essential to laws is that they guarantee the reliability
of methods of measuring natural quantities. On the basis of these ideas, Roberts argues
that we can offer an informative and compelling explanation of why laws have the
peculiar counterfactual resilience that sets them apart from accidental uniformities.
Titel: The law-governed universe
Autor: Roberts, John T.
Jahr: 2008
Contents
1 The law-governed world-picture i
1.1 A remarkable idea about the way the universe is i
1.2 Cosmos and compulsion 5
1.3 The laws as the cosmic order: the best-system approach 6
1.4 The three ways: No-Laws, Non-Governing-Laws,
Governing-Laws 1 o
1.5 Work that laws do in science 12
1.6 An important difference between the laws of nature
and the cosmic order 16
1.7 The picture in four theses 24
1.8 The strategy of this book 27
1.9 The meta-theoretic conception of laws 30
1.1 o The measurability approach to laws 3 4
1.11 What comes where 43
2 In defense of some received views 45
2.1 Some assumptions that will be in play 45
2.2 The laws are propositions 45
2.3 The laws are true 48
2.4 The logically contingent consequences of the laws are laws
themselves 50
2.5 At least some laws are metaphysically contingent 56
3 The meta-theoretic conception of laws 80
3.1 Laws of nature, laws of science, laws of theories 80
3.2 The first-order conception versus the meta-theoretic
conception 9°
3.3 What is a law of nature? 95
3.4 Some examples of meta-theoretic accounts 125
3-5 The virtues of the meta-theoretic conception 134
3.6 Weighing the virtues and shortcomings of the
meta-theoretic conception 137
4 An epistemological argument for the meta-theoretic
conception of laws 142
4.1 The Discoverability Thesis, the Governing Thesis,
and the first-order conception 142
4.2 The main argument 143
4.3 The objection from bad company 147
4.4 The objection from inference to the best explanation 152
4.5 The objection from Bayesianism 158
4.6 The objection from contextualist epistemology 165
4.7 The objection from the threat of inductive skepticism 167
4.8 Conclusion 171
5 Laws, governing, and counterfactuals 174
5.1 Where we are now 174
5.2 What would things have to be like in order for the laws
of nature to govern the universe? 175
5.3 Lawhood, inevitability, counterfactuals 176
5.4 What is it for a proposition to be inevitably true? 178
5.5 What is it for a whole class of propositions to be inevitably
true? 183
5.6 What is it for lawhood to confer inevitability? 185
5.7 NP and supporting counterfactuals 193
5.8 The worry about context-variability 195
5.9 A solution, and a look ahead 197
6 When would the laws have been different? 199
6.1 Where we are now 199
6.2 The God Cases 200
6.3 Other counterexamples to NP 215
6.4 A moral-theoretic counterexample to NP 217
6.5 Scientific contexts and non-scientific contexts 222
6.6 Scientific God Cases? 225
6.7 Lewisian non-backtracking counterexamples 228
6.8 Where things stand now 242
7 How could science show that the laws govern? 244
7.1 Why the law-governed world-picture must include
the Science-Says-So Thesis 244
7.2 What is extra-scientific ? 246
7.3 How can the Science-Says-So Thesis be true? 251
7.4 NP as a consequence of the presuppositions in any
scientific context 257
7.5 NP as true in all possible scientific contexts 261
7.6 But how could it be so? 264
7.7 Attack of the Actual-Factualists 266
8 Measurement and counterfactuals 272
8.1 Where we are now 272
8.2 Measurements, reliability, counterfactuals 274
8.3 A general principle that captures the relation between
measurement and counterfactuals 283
8.4 What we can learn about lawhood from what we have
learned about the counterfactual commitments of science 288
8.5 A first-order account of laws or a meta-theoretic account
of laws? 291
8.6 What methods are presupposed to be legitimate
measurement procedures? 292
8.7 Why we must adopt a meta-theoretic account of laws 313
9 What lawhood is 323
9.1 Where we are now 323
9.2 The Measurability Account of Laws 323
9.3 Brief review of the case for the MAL 325
9.4 A note about hedged laws 328
9.5 How plausible is the MAL? 329
9.6 What if we don t care about the law-governed
world-picture? 341
9.7 Newton s god and Laplace s demon 343
io Beyond Humean and non-Humean 347
10.1 Two views of laws 347
10.2 Humean Supervenience and the meta-theoretic
conception 355
10.3 Alleged counterexamples to Humean Supervenience 357
10.4 Governing and non-trivial necessity 361
10.5 How the MAL lets us have it all 363
10.6 Humeanism? Non-Humeanism? 370
10.7 What is the significance of the idea of the law-governed
universe? 371
10.8 Where in the world are the laws of nature? 379
Appendix The MAL in action: A few examples of scientific
theories and their laws 381
A. 1 Newton s theory as a paradigm example 381
A.2 Classical special-force laws 387
A.3 Geometrical optics and one of its laws 388
A.4 Local deterministic field theories 389
References 394
Index 401
|
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| discipline | Philosophie |
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| spelling | Roberts, John T. Verfasser aut The law-governed universe John T. Roberts 1. publ. Oxford [u.a.] Oxford University Press 2008 XII, 407 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references and index Law (Philosophy) Philosophy of nature Natural law Rechtsontologie (DE-588)4048815-9 gnd rswk-swf Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd rswk-swf Naturrecht (DE-588)4041411-5 gnd rswk-swf Rechtsphilosophie (DE-588)4048821-4 gnd rswk-swf Metatheorie (DE-588)4299409-3 gnd rswk-swf Naturrecht (DE-588)4041411-5 s Rechtsphilosophie (DE-588)4048821-4 s DE-604 Rechtsontologie (DE-588)4048815-9 s Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 s Metatheorie (DE-588)4299409-3 s Digitalisierung UB Regensburg application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017050353&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017050353&sequence=000006&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Roberts, John T. The law-governed universe Law (Philosophy) Philosophy of nature Natural law Rechtsontologie (DE-588)4048815-9 gnd Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd Naturrecht (DE-588)4041411-5 gnd Rechtsphilosophie (DE-588)4048821-4 gnd Metatheorie (DE-588)4299409-3 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4048815-9 (DE-588)4048737-4 (DE-588)4041411-5 (DE-588)4048821-4 (DE-588)4299409-3 |
| title | The law-governed universe |
| title_auth | The law-governed universe |
| title_exact_search | The law-governed universe |
| title_full | The law-governed universe John T. Roberts |
| title_fullStr | The law-governed universe John T. Roberts |
| title_full_unstemmed | The law-governed universe John T. Roberts |
| title_short | The law-governed universe |
| title_sort | the law governed universe |
| topic | Law (Philosophy) Philosophy of nature Natural law Rechtsontologie (DE-588)4048815-9 gnd Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd Naturrecht (DE-588)4041411-5 gnd Rechtsphilosophie (DE-588)4048821-4 gnd Metatheorie (DE-588)4299409-3 gnd |
| topic_facet | Law (Philosophy) Philosophy of nature Natural law Rechtsontologie Recht Naturrecht Rechtsphilosophie Metatheorie |
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