Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg: 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika
Gespeichert in:
| Format: | Buch |
|---|---|
| Sprache: | Bulgarian |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Sofija
Inst. za Izsledvane na Blizkoto Minalo [u.a.]
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. izd. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
| Beschreibung: | In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: The cost of the Communist modernisation |
| Beschreibung: | 254 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9789542803072 |
Internformat
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg |b 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika |c Daniel Vačkov ; Martin Ivanov |
| 250 | |a 1. izd. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Sofija |b Inst. za Izsledvane na Blizkoto Minalo [u.a.] |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a 254 S. |b graph. Darst. | ||
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| 500 | |a In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: The cost of the Communist modernisation | ||
| 648 | 7 | |a 1944-1989 |2 stw | |
| 648 | 7 | |a Geschichte 1944-1989 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Auslandsverschuldung |2 stw | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Bulgarien |2 stw | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Planwirtschaft |2 stw | |
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| 689 | 0 | 3 | |a Geschichte 1944-1989 |A z |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text |
СЪДЪРЖАНИЕ
Увод
(Д. Вачкоб)
.7
I.
Краят на Втората световна война
u
новите
финансови задължения на България
(1944-1947
г.) (Д.
Вачкоб)
.13
II.
Външният дълг в периода на изграждане на
сталинския стопански модел
(1947-1953
г.) (Д.
Вачкоб)
.50
III.
Развитие на дълговия проблем в периода на
Вътрешнопартийните борби за власт
(1953-1956
г.) (Д.
Вачкоб)
.85
IV.
Развитие на първата дългоВа криза на
социалистическа България
(1956-1964
г.) (Д.
Вачков)
.103
V.
Външните задълзкения на България в условията
на стопански промени в социалистическата
общност
(1964-1973
г.) (Д.
Вачкоб)
.127
VI.
Българският външен дълг в условията
на нестабилна
международна
икономическа
конюнктура
(1973-1977
г.) (Д.
Вачкоб)
.153
VII.
Преодоляване на дълговата криза и
временно укрепване на дързкабните финанси
(1978-1984
г.) (Д. Вачкоб и М. МВаноб)
.174
VIII.
Поредната последна дългова криза на
комунизма
(1984-1990
г.) (М.
Иванов)
.191
Заключение (Д. ВачкоВ)
.247
CONTENT
Introduction (Daniel
Vatchkov)
.
-·7
Chapter
1.
Settlement of War Debts and the Default of
1948
(Daniel Vatchkov)
.13
Chapter
2.
Bulgarian Debt at the Time of Stalinist
Industrialisation
1947-1953
(Daniel Vatchkov)
.50
Chapter
3.
Zhivkov Coming to Power
1953-1956
(Daniel Vatchkov)
.86
Chapter
4.
The First Debt Crisis
1956-1964
(Daniel Vatchkov)
.103
Chapter
5.
Bulgarian Debt and the Changes in the Socialist
Community
1964-1973
(Daniel Vatchkov)
.127
Chapter
6.
The Second Debt Crisis
1973-1977
(Daniel Vatchkov)
.153
Chapter
7.
Surmounting the Debt Crisis and Temporary
Balance-of-Payment's Improvement
1978-1984
(Daniel Vatchkov and Martin
Ivanov)
.174
Chapter
8.
The Terminal Debt Crisis
1984-1990
(Martin
Ivanov)
.191
Conclusion (Daniel Vatchkov)
.247
The Cost of the Communist Modernisation:
Bulgarian Foreign Debt
1944 -1990
Daniel Vatchkov and Martin
Ivanov
Bulgaria was destined to fall under communist rule after the end of the
WW-II. Imposed Stalinist model led to sharp curtail of the economic and finan¬
cial contacts with the free world behind the Iron Curtain. Despite the signed in
1948
agreement with its prewar creditors Bulgaria was fast in openly default¬
ing on its foreign debt. It was not before the death of Stalin when it timidly
began to normalize its relations with the West. In
1950s
and
1960s
the several
agreements was signed with France, Switzerland, the Netherlands, Austria
and Greece liquidating Bulgarian debt to their nationals by considerable dis¬
count the amount due. In most case Sofia was to transfer only
5
to
7 %
of the
outstanding debt. The UK, the USA and Canada restrained from joining the
scheme and their claims were liquidated after painstaking negotiations in
1980s.
This turned to be a good strategy as far as British and American creditors
managed to extract nearly
40 %
payment.
The gradual normalization of political relations and the increased trade
with the
OECD
countries soon resulted in mounting foreign debt. Ineffective
and irrational Bulgarian communist economy was unable to finance the grow¬
ing export from the West which led to chronically balance-of-payments deficit
and a series of debt crisis. The first wave deluged the economy in early
1960s
and created serious troubles for the communist regime. The crisis was over¬
come only when the Bulgaria sold its gold reserves. Less than a decade was
enough to accumulate new economic problems which were aggravated by the
Oil Crisis in
1973.
This time debt problems were far more serious and Bulgaria
appealed to Moscow to bailout Bulgarian economy. Brezhnev granted new cred¬
its to Sofia and introduced a scheme for subsiding Bulgarian agriculture and
tourist industry. It was however the accelerated export of petrol with the per¬
mission to re-export it to the West which really helped the communist regime
to avoid the default. After four relatively tranquil years in
1985
the foreign
debt started growing again. Within two year it nearly doubled and continued
to increase by nearly
1
b. USD per annum. This time the debt was far larger
than in
1960s
and the international reserves were far from enough to rescue
the economy. They were seriously depleted in
1987
and
1988
without any prac¬
tical result. Soviet assistance was also not coming either. Facing serious prob¬
lems at home Gorbachev was less willing to transfer recourses for bailing out
253
its best client. In contrast with Brezhnev he insisted on Bulgarian payment of
its commercial debt which
Sofía
had to liquidate exactly when the recourses
were desperately needed for continuing the debt payment to the Western banks.
The 'Soviet debt umbrella' leaked and Bulgaria could not escape the default. In
March
1990
Bulgarian government led by the former communist Lukanov ceased
the debt payments without any warning. The default triggered a new spiral of
economic disturbances which were not tackle before the introduction of the
Currency Board in early
1998.
254 |
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| id | DE-604.BV035232103 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| indexdate | 2024-08-10T01:06:33Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9789542803072 |
| language | Bulgarian |
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| spelling | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika Daniel Vačkov ; Martin Ivanov 1. izd. Sofija Inst. za Izsledvane na Blizkoto Minalo [u.a.] 2008 254 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier In kyrill. Schr., bulg. - Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: The cost of the Communist modernisation 1944-1989 stw Geschichte 1944-1989 gnd rswk-swf Auslandsverschuldung stw Bulgarien stw Planwirtschaft stw Sozialistische Wirtschaftsführung (DE-588)4121690-8 gnd rswk-swf Auslandsschulden (DE-588)4003783-6 gnd rswk-swf Bulgarien (DE-588)4008866-2 gnd rswk-swf Bulgarien (DE-588)4008866-2 g Sozialistische Wirtschaftsführung (DE-588)4121690-8 s Auslandsschulden (DE-588)4003783-6 s Geschichte 1944-1989 z DE-604 Vačkov, Daniel 1964- Sonstige (DE-588)137850565 oth Ivanov, Martin Ivanov 1970- Sonstige (DE-588)135635586 oth Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017038034&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017038034&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
| spellingShingle | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika Auslandsverschuldung stw Bulgarien stw Planwirtschaft stw Sozialistische Wirtschaftsführung (DE-588)4121690-8 gnd Auslandsschulden (DE-588)4003783-6 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4121690-8 (DE-588)4003783-6 (DE-588)4008866-2 |
| title | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika |
| title_auth | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika |
| title_exact_search | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika |
| title_full | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika Daniel Vačkov ; Martin Ivanov |
| title_fullStr | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika Daniel Vačkov ; Martin Ivanov |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika Daniel Vačkov ; Martin Ivanov |
| title_short | Bălgarskijat vănšen dălg |
| title_sort | balgarskijat vansen dalg 1944 1989 bankrutat na komunisticeskata ikonomika |
| title_sub | 1944 - 1989 ; bankrutăt na komunističeskata ikonomika |
| topic | Auslandsverschuldung stw Bulgarien stw Planwirtschaft stw Sozialistische Wirtschaftsführung (DE-588)4121690-8 gnd Auslandsschulden (DE-588)4003783-6 gnd |
| topic_facet | Auslandsverschuldung Bulgarien Planwirtschaft Sozialistische Wirtschaftsführung Auslandsschulden |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017038034&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017038034&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
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