Theory and practice of piano tuning: a manual on the art, techniques and theory
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
West Malvern, UK
Amarilli
2007
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 623-626) |
Beschreibung: | 626 S. graph. Darst. 25 cm |
Internformat
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Theory and practice of piano tuning |b a manual on the art, techniques and theory |c Brian Capleton |
264 | 1 | |a West Malvern, UK |b Amarilli |c 2007 | |
300 | |a 626 S. |b graph. Darst. |c 25 cm | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 623-626) | ||
650 | 4 | |a Piano / Tuning / Handbooks, manuals, etc | |
650 | 4 | |a Piano |x Tuning |v Handbooks, manuals, etc | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804138477777846273 |
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adam_text | Contents
Acknowledgments 1
5
Piano tuning and this book 1
7
PART I
-
BACKGROUND THEORY
21
Chapter I
-
The invisible art and science
23
The tempered clavier
26
Talent
28
The art and science
-
qualities and properties
29
The traditional theory
ЗІ
Technology
-
ETDs
32
The need for piano tuning
34
Time to learn
36
The importance of theory and technique
36
Chapter
2 -
The essential ideas
39
Note numbering
39
Note naming
41
Construction terminology
41
Upright piano
42
Grand piano
44
Top stringing, backstringing and speaking length
44
Piano scaling
45
The breaks
47
Essential terminology
-
tools
47
Piano tuning
-
from the top down
48
Beat rates
57
For students of tuning
58
Training in tuning
59
Equal temperament
59
Harmonics,
partials, inharmonicity,
falseness
60
Use of the tuning lever
6
1
Pitch raising
63
Chapter
3 -
Sound
65
Why study the science of sound?
65
Sound waves
66
Pure tones
69
The Principle of Superposition
70
Simple Harmonic Motion
72
Vibrations are just bounded motion
73
Superposition of vibrations
-
normal modes
74
Periodic and aperiodic vibrations
74
Frequency and cycle
75
The fundamental
76
Wavelength, velocity, and amplitude
76
Decay
78
Frequency and pitch 8
Perfect pitch 82
Phase 83
Mixing sinusoids to produce beats
87
Mixed pure tones, beats and difference tones
88
Pure tones as essential ingredients of the sound recipe
89
Pure tone frequency and perceived pitch
9
1
Audible
Partiak
92
Chapter
4 -
Temperament Theory
95
What is a musical temperament?
95
Temperament theory versus tuning theory
96
Some practical basics
97
Tempering is not the art of piano tuning
99
The approach we need
100
The psychological idea of musical interval size 1
00
The idea of wide and narrow
102
Tuning historical temperaments
103
Harmonic ratios 1
04
Historical context
107
Pythagoras and the music of the spheres 1
08
The harmonic series 1
10
Normal modes 11
2
Harmonic tuning theory 11
2
Demonstrating harmonics on the piano 1
14
The chord of nature
115
Coinciding harmonics 11
6
Why coinciding harmonics are important 11
9
Just Intonation
122
Cents
122
The Pythagorean or ditonic comma 1
23
Equal Temperament 1
28
The syntonic comma (aka the comma of Didymus) 1
29
The Temperament Circle 1
3
1
Pythagorean tuning 1
34
Combining the Pythagorean and syntonic commas 1
34
Interpreting the Temperament Circle 1
35
Equal Temperament 1
36
The complete Temperament Circle 1
38
Temperament classification 1
39
The mean tone temperaments 1
39
The well temperaments
143
Valotti temperament
144
Tuning
equal
temperament
145
Temperament
generalisation
146
Chapter
5 -
Traditional piano tuning theory and elementary
practice 1
49
The idea versus the reality 1
49
The traditional acoustical model 1
50
Interval ratios and beat rates
153
The equally tempered semitone 1
54
The rule for finding coinciding harmonics 1
56
Calculating the beat rate 1
58
Revision 1
58
Worked example 1
59
General beat rate computation for harmonic notes 1
6
1
Beat rate relationships 1
63
Beat Rate Table 1
64
Major thirds
-
major sixths 1
65
Fourth
-
fifth
-
octave 1
65
Minor third
-
major sixth 1
66
Compound major thirds 1
66
Beat pitch relationships 1
67
Elementary practical tuning procedure for the scale 1
67
RNC scale sequence 1
69
The real scale tuning situation 1
7
1
Tuning the octaves 1
72
The real octave tuning situation
173
The physical situation in the real piano 1
74
Practical tuning summary 1
75
Chapter
6 -
The soundscape, spectrum and tone 1
77
The transient
181
Changing tone
-
movement 1
8
1
Piano tone
partials
-
revision of essential facts
182
Harmonics
182
Partials
183
The musical pitch arrangement of piano tone
partials
1
84
Hearing
partials
and beats 1
86
The
3-D
spectrum of
partials
187
Intervals 1
92
Adjustable
partials
1
93
Finding adjustable
partials
1
94
Proportions of the spectrum that are adjustable 1
97
The
partials
of the perfect fifth
200
Chapter
7 -
Partial decay patterns
203
Piano tuning beats are not simple heterodyne beats
205
More than just beat rates
206
Two ways of representing
partials
207
Dual decays 2I0
Regular beats
* *
The single null 2 5
Progression of beat patterns in fine tuning
2
1
7
Summary of beat patterns
2
1
9
Unstable beat rate
221
The significance of decay patterns
22
1
The adjustable
partials
221
Falseness
222
Mistunmg and decay patterns
223
The coupling region
224
Behaviour within the coupling region
225
PART
2 -
ADVANCED TUNING PRACTICE
227
Chapter
8 -
Unison Tuning
229
Listening to specific
partials
232
Relationship of unison beat rates
232
First steps
-
summing up some practical points
233
The seascape analogy
234
Beating in fine tuning
235
Unisons and beat inheritance
236
Two beat species
-
false beats
237
Visual conceptualisation of falseness in the soundscape
240
Falseness and context
242
Tonal beauty need not be analysed
242
Judgement
243
Some scientific studies of unison tuning
244
Summary of the difficulties in the scientific study
245
Mistunmg
-
the technical meaning
246
Movement as tuning changes are made
247
How
partials
are mapped from normal modes
248
Inheritance of false beats
250
Sequence of tuning unison strings where one is false
254
The skill
-
general beat attenuation
255
False beat attenuation
-
an overview
256
Eliminating the beat: rate reduction and attenuation
257
A little theory
- Weinreich
behaviour
260
The coupling region
264
Listening to the whole
265
Unison tone and the vowel or cat in the unison
266
Magnified partial envelope shapes
269
Examples of false beat attenuation
269
Example of the coupling region
-
effect on beat rate
274
Practical effects of bridge coupling
276
A Steinway trichord
277
The singing quality
-
single nulls and aftersound
280
Hammer irregularities and tone
-
the
Weinreich
model
282
The symmetric and antisymmetric modes
282
Movement in the spectrum
-
some important points highlighted
284
Adjusting tone through decay rates
285
Unisons in the high treble
288
Falseness in the high treble
289
Unisons in the bass
290
Three string unison groups (trichords)
291
Trichord string tuning sequence
292
Inharmonicity, stringing errors and unisons
295
Utilising unison tuning to fine tune other intervals
295
Tuning Bliithner unisons with aliquot strings
296
Chapter
9 -
Tuning the Scale
297
The learning curve
297
The approach
298
The basic principles
300
Beat behaviour
303
False beats
304
Aural scale tuning
-
background
305
How to ear train and find
partials
308
The scale tuning sequence
3
1
2
Fast and slow intervals
3
1
4
Beating
partials
in the tuning intervals
314
Beat rate relationships
3
1
9
Tuning tempered perfect fifths: harmonic ratio
3:2 321
Beat rates for the fifths
322
Beat patterns in the fifths
323
The actual behaviour of
partials
in fine tuning the fifth
329
How to tell a wide fifth
334
Plasticity in tuning fifths
335
Practical approach to tuning fifths
336
Inharmonicity mistaken for falseness
338
Tuning tempered perfect fourths: harmonic ratio
4:3 339
Tuning tempered thirds and sixths
341
Judging beat rates for thirds and sixths
348
The generic beat form
349
The dual or phantom beat rate.
350
Tuning the scale
-
the construction principles
35
1
Beat rate effect
354
Interval quality
-
coarseness as distinct from beat rate
354
Scale
bi¡c
355
Scale plasticity; three note closed box relationships
356
Scale plasticity and interval sensitivity
357
Improving a scale
-
the advanced approach
359
10
The two error types 360
The psychology of beat rates
-
judging progression
360
The importance of interval quality
361
Very small pianos
362
Scale sequence
-
limitations
364
Scale tuning sequence example number I
364
Major thirds progression on a very small instrument:
366
Scale tuning sequence example number
2 367
Generalised scale building principles
368
A complete scale covers an octave and a major sixth.
369
Relationship between the major thirds and the fifths.
369
The position of the scale area
373
The non^ traditional features have consequences
373
Error diagnosis
375
Chapter
10 -
Octave tuning
377
The
2:1
fallacy
377
Initial issues
377
Arguments about stretching
379
The essential idea of octave stretching
38
1
Tailored stretching
382
The need to stretch octaves in fine tuning
382
Musical expectations and inharmonicity
383
Octave stretching in rough tuning
383
Octave tuning and the so-called checks
384
The octave s
partials
and false beating
385
Which of the octave s
partials
are adjustable?
386
The octave s dependence on unison tuning
387
Tone and intonation
387
Pitch flattening
387
The top octave mistake
389
Pitch versus beating
389
The fine tuning region
390
Tuning octaves by intonation
392
Tone versus intonation of an octave
393
Inharmonicity
-
relation of single and multiple octaves
394
The octave as a building block
397
Exercise
:
Finding the fine tuning region
397
Exercise
:
The naturally beating octave
398
Example analysis
40
1
The case of no falseness
-
larger stretching
406
The case of no falseness
-
small stretching
409
Beat amplitudes and rates
-
tone quality
409
How to address pitch flattening
-
inharmonicity
4
1
0
The wide beating pitch correction mistake
4
1
2
Inharmonicity and instrument size
414
Beat rate prominence
-
min
2
1
and dominant sevenths
4
1
4
и
Procedure for controlled stretching
-
beginning
4
1
5
The minor third
/
major sixth check
4
1
5
The function of the minor third
/
major sixth relation
416
Continuing down to the break
4
1
7
Continuing down to the bass
417
Tuning upwards from the scale
4
1
8
Caution for the first few octaves
420
Continuation of stretching
420
From lower to higher treble
-
a summary
423
Tuning major tenths, seventeenths, and triple octaves
424
Bass octaves
-
first principles
425
Falseness in the bass
425
Pitch and tone in the bass
426
Intonation versus tone in the bass
427
Pitch ambiguity
428
Bass octave reinforcement
-
the simple difference tone
429
A diversion
429
Tuning the bass first
-
especially on mini pianos
430
Unusual trebles
-
high inharmonicity inequality
43
1
The top treble octaves
-
additional considerations
432
Moving the head
-
position of listening
433
The musical picture
433
Tuning two or more pianos together
435
Summary of common checks for octaves in the treble
436
Summary of common checks for octaves in the bass
437
Chapter 11
-
Setting the Pin
439
A practical overview
440
Theory in detail
447
Basic practical observations
448
Understanding friction
-
the main characteristics
450
Elasticity
-
the main characteristics
45
1
Mechanical hysteresis in the string-bridge system
-
technical description
45
1
Summary of hysteresis
456
Assessing hysteresis
457
Recoil
457
Summary of essential points so far
46
1
The effect of the hammer strike
463
Large hysteresis compared to the elastic range
464
Small hysteresis compared to the elastic range
465
From theory to practice: setting the pin
466
Scenario I
:
Spring smaller than the travel
468
Scenario
2:
Spring greater than the travel
468
Scenario
3:
Spring equal to the travel
469
Tuning slowly and smoothly
469
Coaxing
470
The audible soundscape
472
12
Pin position
-
avoiding recoil
474
Striking and tuning
474
Catching the movement
475
Bridge coupling and hysteresis
475
Differences between bass, mid compass, and treble.
476
Multiple friction points
476
Backstringing and re-setting the string tension
477
Latency
477
Latency in settle
478
Practical guidelines summary
479
Chapter 1
2 -
Setting the pitch
48
1
Chapter
13 -
Small piano syndrome
485
General approach to tuning very small pianos
489
Seeing ¡nharmonicity changes
49
1
The scale puzzle and the trick of solving it
49
1
Tuning the scale
-
an example
492
Tuning pianos together
495
Chapter
14 -
Hearing
497
Chapter 1
5 -
The Kirk Experiment
50
1
PART
3 -
ADVANCED THEORY
505
Chapter
16 -
The single piano string in one plane
507
The ideal string
-
general proof of harmonic
partials
509
The harmonic spectrum
5
11
The Fourier transform of the ideal string spectrum
5
1
3
The partial spectrum of the real string in one plane
5
1
5
Chapter 1
7 -
The
Weinreich
Model
5
1
9
Two normal modes in one plane
-
Weinreich s model
520
Effects of an imperfect hammer strike
-
partial phase difference
522
Effects of an imperfect hammer strike
-
partial amplitudes
524
Frequency difference between the
partials
524
Purely resistive idealised bridge
530
Purely reactive idealised bridge
532
Realistic bridge
-
both resistive and reactive
533
Decay curves
538
Decay curves for an idealised, purely resistive bridge
540
Decay curves for a realistic bridge, both resistive and reactive
542
Generic decay patterns for two string partial unisons
545
Tuning in practice
547
13
Chapter
18 -
Two strings, two planes
549
Degrees of falseness over the compass
554
One string false
-
hiding falseness
555
Two strings false
-
the perception of the unison
56
1
Falseness generalised
562
Chapter 1
9 ■
The Trichord
565
Chaotic trichords?
571
Chapter
20 -
Further comments on false
partials
573
Frequency variation in false
partials
573
Falseness and boundary conditions
575
Chapter
2
1
-
Inharmonicity
579
General formula for inharmonic beat rates
58
1
Tuning strategy
599
Octaves and inharmonicity
599
Scale tuning sequences
603
Glossary of some key concepts
607
Select bibliography
623
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Capleton, Brian |
author_GND | (DE-588)137276524 |
author_facet | Capleton, Brian |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Capleton, Brian |
author_variant | b c bc |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV035216567 |
callnumber-first | M - Music |
callnumber-label | ML652 |
callnumber-raw | ML652 |
callnumber-search | ML652 |
callnumber-sort | ML 3652 |
callnumber-subject | ML - Literature on Music |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)80332270 (DE-599)BVBBV035216567 |
dewey-full | 786.21928 |
dewey-hundreds | 700 - The arts |
dewey-ones | 786 - Keyboard & other instruments |
dewey-raw | 786.21928 |
dewey-search | 786.21928 |
dewey-sort | 3786.21928 |
dewey-tens | 780 - Music |
discipline | Musikwissenschaft |
format | Book |
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genre | (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content |
genre_facet | Einführung |
id | DE-604.BV035216567 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:28:49Z |
institution | BVB |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017022712 |
oclc_num | 80332270 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 |
owner_facet | DE-12 |
physical | 626 S. graph. Darst. 25 cm |
publishDate | 2007 |
publishDateSearch | 2007 |
publishDateSort | 2007 |
publisher | Amarilli |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Capleton, Brian Verfasser (DE-588)137276524 aut Theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art, techniques and theory Brian Capleton West Malvern, UK Amarilli 2007 626 S. graph. Darst. 25 cm txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (p. 623-626) Piano / Tuning / Handbooks, manuals, etc Piano Tuning Handbooks, manuals, etc Klavierstimmung (DE-588)4164071-8 gnd rswk-swf Temperatur Musik (DE-588)4184689-8 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4151278-9 Einführung gnd-content Klavierstimmung (DE-588)4164071-8 s DE-604 Temperatur Musik (DE-588)4184689-8 s Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017022712&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Capleton, Brian Theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art, techniques and theory Piano / Tuning / Handbooks, manuals, etc Piano Tuning Handbooks, manuals, etc Klavierstimmung (DE-588)4164071-8 gnd Temperatur Musik (DE-588)4184689-8 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4164071-8 (DE-588)4184689-8 (DE-588)4151278-9 |
title | Theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art, techniques and theory |
title_auth | Theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art, techniques and theory |
title_exact_search | Theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art, techniques and theory |
title_full | Theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art, techniques and theory Brian Capleton |
title_fullStr | Theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art, techniques and theory Brian Capleton |
title_full_unstemmed | Theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art, techniques and theory Brian Capleton |
title_short | Theory and practice of piano tuning |
title_sort | theory and practice of piano tuning a manual on the art techniques and theory |
title_sub | a manual on the art, techniques and theory |
topic | Piano / Tuning / Handbooks, manuals, etc Piano Tuning Handbooks, manuals, etc Klavierstimmung (DE-588)4164071-8 gnd Temperatur Musik (DE-588)4184689-8 gnd |
topic_facet | Piano / Tuning / Handbooks, manuals, etc Piano Tuning Handbooks, manuals, etc Klavierstimmung Temperatur Musik Einführung |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017022712&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT capletonbrian theoryandpracticeofpianotuningamanualonthearttechniquesandtheory |