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Paleobotany: the biology and evolution of fossil plants

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Taylor, Thomas N. 1937-2016 (Author), Taylor, Edith L. 1951- (Author), Krings, Michael 1968- (Author)
Format:	Book
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier, Academic Press 2009
Edition:	2. ed.
Subjects:	Paleobotany Paléobotanique Plantes fossiles Plants, Fossil Evolutionsbiologie Paläobotanik Fossile Pflanzen
Online Access:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext
Physical Description:	XXI, 1230 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9780123739728

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245	1	0	\|a Paleobotany \|b the biology and evolution of fossil plants \|c Thomas N. Taylor ; Edith L. Taylor ; Michael Krings
250			\|a 2. ed.
264		1	\|a Amsterdam [u.a.] \|b Elsevier, Academic Press \|c 2009
300			\|a XXI, 1230 S. \|b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.
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650		4	\|a Paleobotany
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adam_text	CONTENTS Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii About the Authors xxi CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Paleobotany, How Fossil Plants are Formed 1 What Is Paleobotany? The Objectives of Paleobotany Reconstructing the Plants Evolution of Plant Groups Form and Function in Fossil Plants Biostratigraphy and Correlation Paleoecology: Plants in Their Environment Determining Paleoclimate from Fossil Plants Tree Rings Nearest Living Relative Leaf Physiognomy Stomatal Index Summary Preservation: How Plant Fossils are Formed and Preserved Depositional Environments of Fossil Plants Compressions Cuticle Biofilms and Plant Fossil Preservation Electron Microscopy Confocal Microscopy Maceration and Dégagement Other Techniques Coal and Charcoal Impressions Molds and Casts Cellular Preservation Permineralization Peel Technique Coal Balls Other Permineralizations Petrifaction Unaltered Plant Material Chemical Fossils 32 Ancient DNA 33 Mummification 33 Amber 33 Summary Discussion 34 Palynology 34 Geochronology and Biostratigraphy 36 Paleoecology 37 / Absolute Dating 38 1 2 Geologic Timescale 39 2 Biological Correlation 40 3 Systematics and Classification 40 A Nomenclature of Fossil Plants 41 4 Classification of Organisms 42 5 Background Reading 42 6 6 f. CHAPTER 2 О 7 Precambrian Life 43 7 The Origin of Life on Earth 44 7 Origin of Life: Theory and Biology 46 Earliest Record of Life on Earth 47 8 Historical Background 47 8 Earliest Records of Life: Paleoarchean (3.6—3.203) 47 10 Geochemistry 47 13 Microfossils (Body Fossils) 49 16 Isua Greenstone Belt, Greenland 49 17 Warrawoona Group, Australia 49 17 Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa 51 17 Stromatolites 52 18 Sedimentary Evidence 53 18 Mesoarchean-Neoarchean Life 54 21 Conclusions: Archean Life 55 22 Oxygénation of the Earth (2.45-2.2 Ga) 57 23 Proterozoic Life 59 25 Paleoproterozoic 59 25 Origin of Eukaryotes 61 27 Mesoproterozoic 64 29 Earliest Multicellular Life 64 ЗО Neoproterozoic 64 ЗО Bitter Springs Biota 65 VI CONTENTS Stromatolites Other Microfossils Doushantuo Formation Conclusions CHAPTER 3 Fungi, Bacteria, and Lichens 71 Fungi Earliest Fossil Fungi Systematics of Fungi Chytridiomycota Zygomycota Glomeromycota Ascomycota Basidiomycota Other Fungal Remains Fungal Life-History Strategies Saprotrophism Parasitism Mutualism Fungi-Animal Interactions Geologic Activities of Fungi Epiphyllous Fungi Fungal Spores Fungal-like Organisms Peronosporomycetes (Oomycota) Eubacteria and Archaea Archaea Eubacteria Cyanobacteria Lichens CHAPTER 4 Algae 121 Chlorophyta (Green Algae) Prasinophyceae Chlorophyceae Volvocales Tetrasporales Chlorococcales Ulvophyceae Dasycladales Receptaculitida and Cyclocrinales Caulerpales Taxa Incertae Sedis Charophyceae Charales Zygnematales Euglenophyta 66 67 70 70 71 73 77 77 82 84 90 93 97 98 98 99 103 105 107 108 111 112 112 112 113 113 115 117 123 124 126 126 126 127 128 128 130 130 133 133 134 138 138 Dinophyta (Dinoflagellates) Heterokontophyta Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) Dictyochophyceae (Silicoflagellates) Xanthophyceae (Yellow-Green Algae) Phaeophyceae (Brown Algae) Prymnesiophyta (Haptophytes) Rhodophyta (Red Algae) Solenoporaceans Other Calcified Red Algae Corallinales Uncalcified Red Algae Acritarcha (Acritarchs) 161 CHAPTER 5 Hornworts and Bryophytes Early Fossil Evidence Anthocerotophyta (Hornworts) Bryophyta (Bryophytes) Marchantiophytina (Liverworts or Hepatophytes) Bryophytina (Mosses) CHAPTER 6 The Move to the Land 179 Enigmatic Organisms Nematophytes Prototaxites Nematothallus Nematoplexus Nematasketum diversiforme Pachytheca Spongiophytaceae Spongiophyton Orestovia Other Enigmatic Organisms Protosalvinia Parka Isolated Fragments: Clues to the Transition to Land? Cuticle and Cuticle-Like Material Spores and Spore Tetrads Tubes Land Plant Ancestors The Transition to Land Anchorage and Water Uptake Structural Support and Water Transport Protection Against Desiccation and Radiation Gas Exchange Reproduction on Land Life History Biology 139 141 141 142 142 143 144 145 146 149 149 150 158 163 165 166 167 174 180 180 180 183 183 183 184 185 185 186 186 186 188 189 189 189 192 193 194 194 195 195 195 196 196 CONTENTS Vil Homologous Theory /95 Antithetic Theory /9(5 Animals ]ç$ A Fungal Partner ¡gg Conclusion ¡gg CHAPTER 7 Introduction to Vascular Plant Morphology and Anatomy 201 Plant Organography 202 Cell Types 203 Parenchyma 203 Collenchyma 203 Sclerenchyma 203 Tracheary Elements 204 Tracheids 204 Vessel Elements 206 Sieve Elements 206 Plant Tissues and Primary Growth 207 Xylem Tissue 207 Phloem Tissue 207 Meristems 208 Epidermis 208 Cuticle 209 Stornata 209 Trichomes 210 Anatomy of Stems and Roots 210 Arrangement of Primary Tissues 210 Primary Xylem Maturation Patterns 212 Secondary Development 212 Vascular Cambium 212 Cork Cambium (Phellogen) 213 Secondary Xylem 214 Secondary Phloem 216 Stele Types 216 Primitive Vascular Plants (Vascular Cryptogams) 216 Seed Plants 219 Leaf Morphology and Anatomy 221 Leaf Anatomy 221 Leaf Evolution 222 Further Reading 222 CHAPTER 8 Early Land Plants with Conducting Tissue 223 Conducting Elements in Early Land Plants 224 History of Discovery 225 Rhyniophytes Rhynie Chert Plants Aglaophyton major Rhynia Gwynne-vaughanii Horneophvton lignieri Asteroxylon mackiei Nothia aphylla Trichopherophyton teuchansii Ventarura lyonii Gametophyte Generation Other Rhyniophytes Discussion: Rhyniophyte Evolution Zosterophyllophytes Zosterophyll Evolution Trimerophytes Trimerophyte Evolution Early Land Plant Evolution CHAPTER 9 Lycophyta 265 Evolution of the Microphyll Drepanophycales Protolepidodendrales Lepidodendrales Vegetative Features Stem Surface and Leaf Bases Stem Anatomy Cortical Tissues Stem Development Leaves Underground Organs Development of Underground Organs Reproductive Biology Microsporangiate and Bisporangiate Cones Megasporangiate Cones Gametophytes Sigillariaceae Leaf Bases Leaves Stem Structure Underground Organs Reproductive Biology Other Lepidodendrid Genera Lycopodiales Selaginellales Pleuromeiales Isoetales Putative Lycopsids Conclusions 227 228 229 235 237 238 239 241 241 241 246 251 252 259 259 262 263 267 268 271 279 282 282 285 286 287 289 289 293 294 295 297 302 303 304 305 305 306 306 307 310 312 316 320 325 326 vili CONTENTS CHAPTER 10 Zygopterid Evolution 417 Sphenophytes 329 Marattiales 418 Psaroniaceae: Vegetative Features 418 Pseudoborniales 331 Psaronius Plant 418 Sphenophyllales 332 Other Stem Taxa 425 Devonian Sphenophyllales 333 Psaroniaceae: Reproductive Features 425 Sphenophyllum 334 Paleozoic Compression Taxa 431 Leaves 334 Mesozoic Marattialeans 433 Stem Anatomy 335 Marattialean Evolution 434 Roots 337 Ophioglossales 435 Reproductive Biology 337 Leptosporangiate Ferns 436 Other Sphenophyllales 338 Osmundales 436 Ecology 341 Paleozoic Stem Taxa 437 Equisetales 342 Guaireaceae 438 Calamitaceae 343 Mesozoic and Cenozoic Stem Taxa 438 Archaeocalamites 343 Sterile and Fertile Foliage 440 Calamites 345 Osmundalean Evolution 442 Pith Casts 349 Botryopteridaceae 443 Stem Anatomy 350 Vegetative Organs 443 Extraxylary Tissues 352 Reproductive Organs 446 Growth and Development 352 Other Genera 449 Roots 353 Anachoropteridaceae 449 Leaves 354 Kaplanopteridaceae 451 Other Calamitean Leaves 357 Psalixochlaenaceae 452 Reproductive Biology 358 Sermayaceae 453 Spores 366 Tedeleaceae 454 Tchernoviaceae and Gondwanostachyaceae 368 Skaaripteridaceae 457 Vegetative Body 368 Tempskyaceae 457 Reproductive Biology 369 Schizaeaceae 459 Equisetaceae 371 Hymenophyllaceae 462 Forms with Uncertain Affinities 376 Gleicheniaceae 462 Sphenophyte Evolution 379 Dicksoniaceae 464 Cyatheaceae 465 CHAPTER 1 1 Matoniaceae 466 Ferns and Early Fernlike Plants 383 Loxsomataceae 469 Dipteridaceae 469 Evolution of the Megaphyll 386 Polypodiales 470 Cladoxylopsida 387 Salviniales 472 Pseudosporochnales 388 Marsileaceae 472 Calamophyton Plant 396 Salviniaceae 473 Iridopteridales 398 Conclusions 476 Phylogenetic Position of the Cladoxylopsids 400 Early Fernlike Plants 401 CHAPTER 12 Progymnosperms 479 Rhacophytales Rhacophyton 401 402 Other Taxa 403 Archaeopteridales 480 Systematics of the Rhacophytales 404 Archaeopteris Leaves 481 Coenopterid Ferns 405 Archaeopterid Reproduction 483 Stauropteridales 405 Callixylon Stems 484 Zygopteridales 408 Other Archaeopterids 487 CONTENTS IX Aneurophytales 489 Conostoma 556 Aneurophyton 489 Coronostoma 557 Tetraxylopteris 489 Physostoma 557 Triloboxylon 491 Tvliosperma 558 Rellimia 492 Calathospermum 558 Other Aneurophytes 494 Gnetopsis 559 Protopityales 496 Megatheca 559 Noeggerathians 497 Other Lyginopterids: Pollen Organs 560 Progymnosperm Evolution 501 Incertae Sedis 563 Lyginopterid Evolution 565 CHAPTER 13 Medullosales 566 Origin and Evolution of the Seed Habit 503 Stems 566 Homospory, Heterospory, and the Seed Habit 503 Medullosa 566 Homospory 503 Other Stem Taxa 569 Heterospory 504 Leaves (Fronds) 570 Sporangia 504 Roots 572 Endospory 507 Growth Habit 572 Lycopsid Heterospory 508 Seeds 573 Seed Habit 508 Pollen organs 581 Evolution of the Integument 509 Pollen 590 Evolution of Pollen Capture 510 Medullosan Evolution 591 Pollen 511 Callistophytales 593 Cupules 511 Vegetative Organs 594 Cupulate Devonian Seeds 511 Reproductive Structures 595 Reproductive Biology 517 Callistophytalean Evolution 598 Carboniferous Seeds 518 Glossopteridales 598 Pollen Chamber Function 523 Leaves 599 Microgametophytes 524 Glossopteris 599 Diversity of Early Seeds 525 Gangamopteris 603 Paleozoic Seeds with Embryos 526 Other Leaf Types 603 Stems and Roots 605 CHAPTER 14 Ovulate Reproductive Structures 606 Paleozoic Seed Ferns 529 Permineralized Forms 606 Impression-Compression Specimens 609 Calamopityales 531 What is the Glossopterid Ovulate Structure? 614 Buteoxylonales 539 Pollen Organs 616 Lyginopteridales 540 Glossopteris Habit and Habitat 618 Lyginopteris Plant 540 Phylogenetic Position 618 Vegetative Organs 540 Reproductive Structures 542 CHAPTER 1 5 Other Lyginopterids: Vegetative Remains Heterangium 546 547 Mesozoic Seed Ferns 621 Microspermopteris 550 Caytoniales 622 Schopfiastrum 550 Sagenopteris 622 Pitys 551 Caytonanthus 623 Devonian-Mississippian Taxa 552 Caytonia 624 Problematic Lyginopterids 554 Ruflorinia and Ktalenia 626 Other Lyginopterids: Seeds and Cupules 555 Corystospermales 627 Sphaerostoma 556 Foliage 627 Salpingostoma 556 Stems 630 CONTENTS Pollen Organs Ovulate Structures Petriellales Peltaspermales Foliage Reproductive Organs and Whole-Plant Concepts Conclusions CHAPTER 16 Late Paleozoic and M esozoic Foliage 651 Late Paleozoic Foliage Adiantites Alethopteris Aneimites Aphlebia Alloiopteris Botrychiopsis Callipteridium Cardiopteridium Cardiopteris (Fryopsis) Charliea Cyclopteris Dicksoniites Discopteris Eremopteris Ginkgophytopsis Kankakeea Karinopteris, Mariopteris, and Pseudomariopteris Lesleya Linopteris, Reticulopteris, and Barthelopteris Lobatopteris Lonchopteridium and Lonchopteris Megalopteris Neuropteris sensu lato Laveinopteris Macroneuropteris Margaritopteris New'alethopteris Neurocallipteris Neurodontopteris Neuropteris sensu stricto Paripteris Sphenoneuropteris Neuropterid Growth Habit Blanzyopteris Nothorhacopteris Odontopteris and Lescuropteris Pecopteris 631 634 637 639 639 643 648 652 655 656 657 658 658 659 659 660 660 660 661 662 664 664 664 665 665 669 669 671 672 672 673 674 674 674 674 675 675 675 675 676 676 676 677 677 679 Rhodea (=Rhodeopteridium) Sphenopteris Sphenopteris sensu stricto Eusphenopteris Spiropteris Taeniopteris Tinsleya Triphyllopteris, Genselia, and Charbeckia Mesozoic Foliage Anomozamites Cladophlebis Coniopteris С tenis Deltolepis and Cycadolepis Dictyophyllum Dictyozamites Doratophyllum Macrotaeniopteris Matonidium Mesodescolea Nilssonia Nilsson iopteris Otozamites Pachypteris, Komlopteris, and Thinnfeldia Phlebopteris Pseudoctenis Pseudocycas Pterophyllum Ptilophyllum Ptilozamites Ruflorinia Taeniozamites Ticoa Wingatea Yabeiella Zamites 680 680 682 682 683 683 685 685 685 687 687 688 689 689 689 689 690 690 690 690 690 691 693 695 696 696 697 697 698 699 699 700 700 700 700 701 CHAPTER 17 Cycadophytes 703 Cycadales 703 Leaves and Petioles 706 Stems 707 Paleozoic Reproductive Structures 709 Triassic Cycads 715 Jurassic Cycads 718 Pollination Biology 721 Discussion: Cycad Evolution 721 Bennettitales 722 Cycadeoidaceae 725 Stern Anatomy Reproductive Structures Development Williamsoniaceae Ovulate Structures Pollen Organs Discussion: Bennettitales CHAPTER 18 Ginkgophytes 743 Paleozoic Record Ginkgophyte Wood Ginkgophyte Foliage Pollen-Producing Structures Ginkgophyte Plants Ginkgoaceae Karkeniaceae Umaltolepidiaceae Yimaiaceae Schmeissneriaceae Taxa with Uncertain Affinities Conclusions CHAPTER 19 Gymnosperms with Obscure Affinities Gigantopteridales Vegetative Remains Reproductive Organs Vojnovskyales Czekanowskiales Iraniales Pentoxylales Hermanophytales Gnetales Extant Genera Ephedra Gnetum Welwitschia Extant Reproductive Structures Fossil Gnetophyte Pollen Gnetophyte Megafossils Putative Gnetophytes Dirhopalostachyaceae 725 728 730 732 734 738 739 744 747 747 750 750 750 752 752 752 753 754 755 757 CHAPTER 20 Cordaitales 787 Vegetative Features Stems Foliage 758 758 762 763 765 768 768 773 775 776 776 776 776 777 777 778 781 785 788 788 791 CONTENTS Xl Roots 794 Reproductive Features 795 Reproductive Organs 795 Seeds 798 Angaran Cordaites 801 Phylogenetic Position and Origin of the Cordaites 803 CHAPTER 21 Conifers 805 Early Conifers Voltziales Utrechtiaceae Utrechtia Ernestiodendron Ortiseia Otovicia Moyliostrobus Other Taxa Thucydiaceae Emporiaceae Majonicaceae Ullmanniaceae Bartheliaceae Other Voltzialeans Ferugliocladaceae Buriadiaceae Pollen Cones Summary Discussion: Voltzialeans Coniferales Palissyaceae Cheirolepidiaceae Summary Discussion: Cheirolepidiaceae Podocarpaceae Summary Discussion: Podocarpaceae Araucariaceae Summary Discussion: Araucariaceae Cupressaceae Cunninghamioideae Taiwanioideae Athrotaxoideae Sequoioideae Taxodioideae Cupressoideae Cupressaceous Wood Summary Discussion: Cupressaceae Sciadopityaceae Pararaucariaceae Pinaceae Pinoideae 806 807 808 809 809 809 810 811 811 814 815 816 819 820 820 823 826 826 828 830 830 831 837 838 843 843 848 849 850 851 851 852 854 857 859 859 860 861 861 863 Xli CONTENTS Genus Pinus 864 Nymphaeaceae Pinus Wood 866 Austrobaileyales Larix 866 Austrobaileyaceae Piceoideae 867 Illiciaceae Abietoideae 867 Schisandraceae Summary Discussion: Pinaceae 868 Ceratophyllales Cephalotaxaceae 868 Ceratophyllaceae Taxaceae 869 Magnoliids Summary Discussion: Cephalotaxaceae and Candiales Taxaceae 869 Winteraceae Conclusions 870 Laurales Calycanthaceae Lauraceae CHAPTER ¿λ Flowering Plants 873 Magnoliales Annonaceae Angiosperm Origins 876 Magnoliaceae Origin of the Flower 877 Myristicaceae Pseudanthial Theory 877 Piperales Euanthial Theory 878 Lactoridaceae Microsporangial Theories 878 Saururaceae Transitional-Combination Theory 878 Monocotyledons Habit 879 Alismatales Ecological Considerations 879 Alismataceae Site of Origin 880 Araceae Pre-Cretaceous Fossil Evidence 880 Hydrocharitaceae Sanmiguelia 881 Zosteraceae (Seagrasses) Fúrcula 882 Asparagales Problematospermum 883 Agapanthaceae Pre-Cretaceous Pollen 883 Hemerocallidaceae Dispersed Pollen 884 Orchidaceae Early Angiosperm Evidence 885 Dioscoreales Pollen 885 Dioscoreaceae Pollen Evolution 889 Liliales Evidence from Leaves 889 Petermanniaceae Angiosperm Ancestors 893 Pandanales Caytoniales 894 Pandanaceae Czekanowskiales 895 Triuridaceae Glossopteridales 895 Commelinids Bennettitales 895 Arecales Pentoxylales 895 Arecaceae (=Palmae) Gigantopteridales 895 Commelinales Phylogenetic Analyses and Angiosperm Origins 895 Commelinaceae Selected Angiosperm Families 897 Poales Basal Angiosperms 898 Cyperaceae Amborellaceae 898 Poaceae (Gramineae) Hydatellaceae 898 Zingiberales Archaefractaceae 898 Musaceae Chloranthaceae 899 Zingiberaceae Nymphaeales 901 Eudicots 907 902 902 902 903 904 904 904 904 904 906 906 906 908 908 909 914 915 915 915 917 917 917 917 917 920 921 921 921 921 922 922 922 922 923 923 923 923 923 923 925 925 925 925 926 928 928 929 929 Buxaceae Trochodendraceae Proteales Nelumbonaceae Proteaceae Platanaceae Ranunculales Berberidaceae Ranunculaceae Core Eudicots Gunnerales Gunneraceae Caryophyllales Phytolaccaceae Saxifragales Cercidiphyllaceae Haloragaceae Hamamelidaceae Iteaceae Saxifragaceae Rosids Vitaceae Myrtales Lythraceae Trapaceae Myrtaceae Onagraceae Eurosids I (Fabids) Fabales Fabaceae ( = Leguminosae) Fágales Betulaceae Casuarinaceae Fagaceae Juglandaceae Myricaceae Nothofagaceae Malpighiales Clusiaceae Euphorbiaceae Salicaceae Malpighiaceae Oxalidales Cunoniaceae Elaeocarpaceae Rosales Moraceae Rhamnaceae Rosaceae CONTENTS ХНІ 930 Ulmaceae 973 931 Eurosids II (Malvids) 976 933 Brassicales 976 933 Capparaceae 976 935 Málvales 976 937 Tiliaceae 976 940 Sapindales 977 940 Anacardiaceae 977 940 Meliaceae 978 941 Rutaceae 978 941 Sapindaceae 979 941 Asterids 981 941 Cornales 981 941 Cornaceae 981 942 Curtisiaceae 984 942 Hydrangeaceae 984 943 Ericales 985 945 Ebenaceae 985 945 Ericaceae 985 946 Theaceae 985 946 Euasterids I (Lamiids) 986 947 Icacinaceae 986 948 Garryales 987 948 Eucommiaceae 987 948 Gentianales 987 948 Gentianaceae 987 950 Rubiaceae 987 950 Lamíales 988 950 Avicenniaceae 988 950 Byblidaceae 988 953 Lentibulariaceae 988 953 Oleaceae 988 955 Solanales 988 956 Solanaceae 988 961 Euasterids II (Campanulids) 988 966 Bruniaceae 988 966 Quintiniaceae 988 967 Apiales 989 967 Araliaceae 989 968 Aquifoliales 989 970 Aquifoliaceae 989 970 Asterales 990 971 Asteraceae (=Compositae) 990 971 Menyanthaceae 991 971 Dipsacales 991 971 Caprifoliaceae 991 971 Cenozoic Floras 991 971 Conclusions 996 971 XIV CONTENTS CHAPTER 23 Interactions Between Plants and Animals 999 Early Terrestrial Ecosystem Associations 1001 Animals on Land 1001 Early Plant-Animal Associations 1001 Herbivory 1003 Defenses Against Herbivory 1004 Mechanical Protection 1005 Chemical Defenses 1006 Fossil Evidence of Herbivory 1007 Coprolites 7007 Gut Contents 1011 Marginal Feeding 1011 Defoliation 1013 LeafMiners 1013 Wound Tissue 1015 Interactions with Vertebrates 1016 Herbivory 1016 Dentition 1018 Coprolites and Stomach Contents 1018 Dispersal 1018 Plants as Habitat 1019 Other Plant-Animal Interactions 1021 Mimicry 1021 Pollination 1022 Conclusions 1024 Appendix 1: Classification of Organisms 1027 Glossary 1031 References 1049 Index 1199 THE BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF FOSSIL PLANTS SECOND EDITION Paleobotany is a subject of interest to life and earth scientists of many kinds - from evolutionary biologists to plant systematists - from paleoecologists to earth scientists and geologists. Substantial new fossil discoveries are constantly changing our ideas about the biology and evolution of plant species. Fossil plants are also important as proxy records of climate change, as shifts in fossil plant community composition demonstrate species responses to historical - and recent - alterations in CO2 concentrations and changes in global temperature patterns. Paleobotany: The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants presents the most up-to-date and comprehensive treatment of the subject available. It combines an unrivaled scope and depth of coverage with the most complete range of illustrations ever published on the subject. It discusses the fossil record of all of the major plant groups, as well as, uniquely, the microbes and algae. Each chapter starts with a brief introduction to the group(s) under consideration, putting the fossil forms into context with a systematic, structural, evolutionary, and ecological overview of the group. Descriptions of the most recent research on the variety and characteristics of early plant Ufe, plant evolution, paleoecology, and a novel discussion of reconstructed ancient plant/animal interactions are included. This book will serve as both a comprehensive textbook and a major reference for paleobotany and allied disciplines. • Covers the fossil record of all the known plant groups, plus microbes and algae • Comprehensive classification of organisms and an expanded table of contents provide quick access to the subject text • Lavishly illustrated with over new 2100 illustrations, most in color • Over 5000 references provide an extensive entrée to the primary literature • Extensive glossary of more than 950 terms • Up-to-date research throughout, including phylogenetic systematics, paleoecology, and new paleamtological methodologies • Information on living plants plaies the discussions pffossil forms in context Thomas N. Taylor Department of Ecology an$Evolutiůnary Biology and Saturai History Muséum and Biodivefsity Research Center, The University of Kansas, ¡Lawrence, Kansas Edith L.Taylor Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Natural History Museum and Biodiversity Research Center, The University of Kansas, Lawrencet Kansas Michael Krings Bayerische Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie und GeoBio-CenterLMU, Munich, Germany
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id	DE-604.BV035204109
illustrated	Illustrated
indexdate	2024-07-20T07:52:54Z
institution	BVB
isbn	9780123739728
language	English
oai_aleph_id	oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-017010523
oclc_num	315801502
open_access_boolean
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owner_facet	DE-29 DE-703 DE-20 DE-83 DE-19 DE-BY-UBM DE-188 DE-B16 DE-634
physical	XXI, 1230 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.
publishDate	2009
publishDateSearch	2009
publishDateSort	2009
publisher	Elsevier, Academic Press
record_format	marc
spelling	Taylor, Thomas N. 1937-2016 Verfasser (DE-588)139692207 aut Paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants Thomas N. Taylor ; Edith L. Taylor ; Michael Krings 2. ed. Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier, Academic Press 2009 XXI, 1230 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Paleobotany Paléobotanique Plantes fossiles Plants, Fossil Evolutionsbiologie (DE-588)4153283-1 gnd rswk-swf Paläobotanik (DE-588)4044361-9 gnd rswk-swf Fossile Pflanzen (DE-588)4155093-6 gnd rswk-swf Paläobotanik (DE-588)4044361-9 s DE-604 Fossile Pflanzen (DE-588)4155093-6 s Evolutionsbiologie (DE-588)4153283-1 s Taylor, Edith L. 1951- Verfasser (DE-588)139692150 aut Krings, Michael 1968- Verfasser (DE-588)120049651 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-12-373972-8 (DE-604)BV042313168 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017010523&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017010523&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext
spellingShingle	Taylor, Thomas N. 1937-2016 Taylor, Edith L. 1951- Krings, Michael 1968- Paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants Paleobotany Paléobotanique Plantes fossiles Plants, Fossil Evolutionsbiologie (DE-588)4153283-1 gnd Paläobotanik (DE-588)4044361-9 gnd Fossile Pflanzen (DE-588)4155093-6 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4153283-1 (DE-588)4044361-9 (DE-588)4155093-6
title	Paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants
title_auth	Paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants
title_exact_search	Paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants
title_full	Paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants Thomas N. Taylor ; Edith L. Taylor ; Michael Krings
title_fullStr	Paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants Thomas N. Taylor ; Edith L. Taylor ; Michael Krings
title_full_unstemmed	Paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants Thomas N. Taylor ; Edith L. Taylor ; Michael Krings
title_short	Paleobotany
title_sort	paleobotany the biology and evolution of fossil plants
title_sub	the biology and evolution of fossil plants
topic	Paleobotany Paléobotanique Plantes fossiles Plants, Fossil Evolutionsbiologie (DE-588)4153283-1 gnd Paläobotanik (DE-588)4044361-9 gnd Fossile Pflanzen (DE-588)4155093-6 gnd
topic_facet	Paleobotany Paléobotanique Plantes fossiles Plants, Fossil Evolutionsbiologie Paläobotanik Fossile Pflanzen
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017010523&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=017010523&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
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