Glass defects:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Prague
Práh
2008
|
| Ausgabe: | 1. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Aus dem Tschech. übers. |
| Beschreibung: | 646 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9788072522170 |
Internformat
MARC
| LEADER | 00000nam a22000002c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | BV035188528 | ||
| 003 | DE-604 | ||
| 005 | 20210311 | ||
| 007 | t | ||
| 008 | 081201s2008 ad|| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
| 020 | |a 9788072522170 |9 978-80-7252-217-0 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)316280556 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)BSZ28750297X | ||
| 040 | |a DE-604 |b ger | ||
| 041 | 0 | |a eng | |
| 049 | |a DE-703 |a DE-1047 | ||
| 084 | |a UQ 8600 |0 (DE-625)146601: |2 rvk | ||
| 084 | |a ZM 6620 |0 (DE-625)157089: |2 rvk | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Bartuška, Miloslav |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 240 | 1 | 0 | |a Vady skla |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Glass defects |c Miroslav Bartuška ... |
| 250 | |a 1. ed. | ||
| 264 | 1 | |a Prague |b Práh |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a 646 S. |b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Aus dem Tschech. übers. | ||
| 650 | 0 | 7 | |a Glasfehler |0 (DE-588)4157436-9 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
| 689 | 0 | 0 | |a Glasfehler |0 (DE-588)4157436-9 |D s |
| 689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |m Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016995181&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| 999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016995181 | ||
Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804138365590700032 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | CONTENTS
1.
Introductory Chapter
{Miloslav Bartuška)
........... 19
2.
Methods used for the identification
of defects
................................................22
2.1
Introduction
(MiloslavBartuška)..........................
22
2.2
Basic identification methods
..........................23
2.2.1
Optical microscopy
(Miloslav Bartuška) ..............
23
2.2.1.1
Polarising microscope and its accessories
.....24
2.2.1.2
Working procedures
.......................31
A. Measurement in transmitted polarised
light
.....................................32
A a. Microstructure
and morphological
properties
................................32
A b. Optical properties
.....................34
B. Measurement under crossed
polars
........36
В
a. Morphological properties
...............36
B b.
Optical properties
.....................37
С
Measurement in reflected light
............40
2.2.1.3
Sampling and specimens for the
microscopic identification of defects
.........41
2.2.1.4
Assessment of the optical microscopy
........45
2.2.1.5
References to Chapter
2.2.1 ................47
2.2.2
X-ray micro-analysis
(Václav Hulínský)................
47
2.2.2.1
Description of the method
..................47
2.2.2.2
Principle of the apparatus
...................49
2.2.2.3
Comparison of the WDS and EDS x-ray
micro-analysers
...........................52
2.2.2.4
Sensitivity limits of WDS and EDS
spectrometers
............................55
2.2.2.5
Preparation of specimens for measurements
... 59
2.2.2.6
References to Chapter
2.2.2 ................60
2.2.3
Methods applied to the analysis of gases contained
in bubbles
(Jiří
Ullrich)
............................61
11
2.2.3.1
Introduction
..............................61
2.2.3.2
Mass spectrometry
........................62
2.2.3.2.1
Principle of the method
............62
2.2.3.2.2
Instrumentation
...................64
2.2.3.3
Gas chromatography
.......................69
2.2.3.4
References to Chapter
2.2.3 ................72
2.3
Complementary identification methods
................73
2.3.1
X-ray diffraction analysis
(Petr
Exnar)
................73
2.3.2
X-ray fluorescence analysis
(Petr
Exnar)
..............78
2.3.3
Methods of atomic optical spectrometry
(Leoš
Bauer)
... 80
2.3.3.1
Principle and classification of the methods
of atomic optical spectroscopy
..............80
2.3.3.2
Atomic absorption spectrometry
.............80
2.3.3.3
Atomic emission spectrometry
..............83
2.3.3.4
Atomic fluorescence spectrometry
...........88
2.3.3.5
Conclusion
...............................90
2.3.4
Polarimetry
(Petr
Exner)
...........................91
2.3.5
Method applied to the determination of gases
dissolved in glasses
(Jaroslav Kloužek) ..............
94
2.3.6
Measurement of the concentration of dissolved
oxygen
(Jaroslav Kloužek) .........................
97
2.3.7
Reference to Chapters
2.3.1 - 2.3.6.................99
2.3.8
Electron microscopy
(ESCA)
(Martin
Maryśka)
.......100
2.3.8.1
Principle of the method
...................100
2.3.8.2
Spectra measurement and evaluation
........101
2.3.8.3
References to Chapter
2.3.8 .............. 102
2.3.9
Visualisation of the cords in the glass by 3-dimensional
filtration of their ¡mages
(Miloslav Ohlídal)...........
102
2.3.9.1
Introduction
.............................102
2.3.9.2
Experimental assembly
....................105
2.3.9.3
Principle of the method
...................106
2.3.9.4
References to Chapter
2.3.9 ............... 111
3.
Crystalline inclusions
-
stones
....................112
3.1
Introduction (including Table
3 -
I and
3 -
II)
(Miloslav Bartuška) ..................................
112
12
Tab. 3 - 1
Optical and physical properties of crystalline
phases forming and accompanying stones
...... 114
Tab.
3-2
Formation of crystalline phases in stones
.......123
3.2
Stones from refractories
(Miloslav Bartuška)............
132
3.2.1
Contribution of refractory to the stone formation
Stones originated in contact with the glass melt
and above the glass level.
Primary and secondary phases
....................132
3.2.2
Stones from silicate materials
.....................136
3.2.2.1
Silica
...................................136
Phase composition and
microstructure
of silica
.................................136
Changes in the phase composition
and
microstructure
of silica as a consequence
of its use
................................138
Stones originated from the silica refractories
and silica mortars
........................140
3.2.2.2
Fused silica products and stones originating
from such materials
.......................160
3.2.3
Stones from alumino-silicate materials
..............169
3.2.3.1
Fireclay refractory
........................169
Phase composition and
microstructure
of fireclay refractory
......................169
Changes in the phase composition and
microstructure
of firebricks due to corrosion
. . 171
Stones from fireclay refractory
..............176
Stones from ceramic rings and pot inserts
.... 180
3.2.3.2
High-alumina refractories
..................212
High-alumina refractory materials
composed of clay raw materials enriched
with corundum
..........................213
Stones from high-alumina refractories
composed of clay raw materials enriched
with corundum
..........................216
13
High-alumina refractories composed of natural
raw materials of the sillimanite type
.........216
Stones from sillimanite refractories
..........219
High-alumina refractories composed
of man-made mullite
......................219
Stones from refractories composed
of man-made muliite
......................225
3.2.4
Stones from materials composed of AI2O3
...........256
3.2.4.1
Refractories composed of granular corundum
. 256
3.2.4.2
Sintered corundum ceramics
...............257
3.2.4.3
Fused cast refractories containing corundum
and
ß-AI2O3
produced by melt
crystallisation
............................257
3.2.5
Stones from alumina-zirconia-silicate refractory
(AZS)
. 270
3.2.5.1
Sintered
AZS
refractories
..................270
Stones from sintered
AZS
refractories
........273
3.2.5.2
Fused-cast corundum-baddeleyite refractories
289
Stones from fused-cast corundum-baddeleyite
refractories
..............................295
3.2.6
Stones from zirconia-silicate (zircon) refractories
......3 16
3.2.7
Stones from refractories composed of ZrO2
..........333
3.2.8
Stones from C^Og-containing refractories
...........337
3.2.8.1
Sintered chrome-corundum refractories
......337
3.2.8.2
Sintered materials composed of Cr.O,
.......338
3.2.8.3
Fused-cast chrome-corundum-baddeleyite
refractories (CAZS)
.......................339
3.2.8.4
Fused-cast chrome-corundum-spinel
refractories
..............................341
3.3
Stones originated from the batch
(Miloslav Bartuška)...................................
355
3.3.1
Stones from imperfectly melted sand
...............355
3.3.2
Stones from accessory minerals in sand
.............371
3.3.3
Stones from aluminium hydrate
....................379
3.3.4
Stones from contaminated batch
...................384
3.3.5
Stones caused by an inhomogeneous distribution
of raw materials containing components characterised
by a low solubility in molten glass
..................397
14
3.4
Stones caused by glass crystallisation
(devitrification products)
(MiloslavBartuška) ...........
399
3.4.1 ß-cristobalite ...................................401
3.4.2
γ
-tridymite
.....................................402
3.4.3
Devitrite
.......................................403
3.4.4 ß-wollastonite...................................403
3.4.5
Diopside
.......................................404
3.4.6
Other products of glass crystallisation
..............405
α
-wollastonite
..................................
405
Di-sodium-di-calcium tri-silicat
.....................405
Anorthite
......................................406
Sanbornite
.....................................406
Alamosite
......................................406
3.4.7
Condensates in inclusions
........................406
3.5
References to Chapters
3.1
to
3.4....................425
3.6
Inclusions caused by metals and reduced glass
components
(JiříMatěj)..............................
426
3.6.1
Inclusions containing molybdenum and elemental
metals formed on molybdenum by reduction
.........428
3.6.2
Inclusions caused by platinum components
..........432
3.6.3
Inclusions created by the reduction of glass
components by batch impurities
...................433
3.6.4
Survey of inclusions caused by metallic materials
and reduced glass components. Identification
of possible causes of their origin
...................435
3.6.5
References to Chapter
3.6 ........................437
4.
Glassy inhomogeneities
-
cords and layers
(Václav Hulínský) ........................................
438
4.1
Cord definition and sources
............................438
4.2
Spectral methods
...................................440
4.3
Origin of various types of cords
440
4.3.1
Cords originating in the batch
.....................441
4.3.2
Cords originating from refractory
...................441
4.3.3
Cords originating from the furnace crown
...........442
4.3.4
Cords generated by stones
........................442
4.3.5
Cords due to a layered structure of the glass melt
.....443
15
4.3.6 Cords
due to temperature fluctuations
in the furnace
...................................443
4.3.7
Cords released from the furnace bottom
............444
4.3.8
Cords due to local changes in temperature
..........444
4.4
Inhomogeneities in the glass melt
....................446
4.4.1
Definition of the term glass homogeneity
..........446
4.4.2
Batch homogeneity
..............................447
4.4.3
Furnace atmosphere as a cause of cords
............448
4.4.4
Glass evaporation as a possible source of cords
.......450
4.4.5
Cullet behaviour in the glass melt
..................451
4.4.6
Refractory dissolution and tank wall corrosion
.......451
4.4.7
Corrosion of the furnace superstructure
.............453
4.4.8
Corrosion of the furnace crown
....................453
4.4.9
Hidden cords
{JiříBubeník) .......................
454
4.5
References to Chapter
4.............................457
5.
Gaseous inhomogeneities in the glass
-
bubbles
(Lubomír Němec)..................................
459
5.1
Introduction
........................................459
5.2
Gas equilibria in the glasses
.........................461
5.2.1
Origin of gases and the type of their solubility
in the glass melts
...............................461
5.2.2
Physical solubility of gases in the glasses
............463
5.2.3
Chemical solubility of gases in the glass melts
.......465
5.2.3.1
Chemical solubility of water vapour
.........466
5.2.3.2
Chemical solubility of hydrogen
............468
5.2.3.3
Chemical solubility of carbon dioxide
........468
5.2.3.4
Chemical solubility of sulfur dioxide
.........470
5.2.3.5
Chemical solubility of nitrogen
.............475
5.2.3.6
Chemical solubility of oxygen
..............476
5.2.4
Gas diffusion in glasses
..........................482
5.3
Kinetics of bubble behaviour in glasses
...............486
5.3.1
Ascendance speed of a single bubble in a static
isothermal glass melt
............................487
5.3.2
Bubble growth and dissolution in glass melts
........488
5.3.3
Effect of temperature, pressure and glass composition
on the rate of bubble elimination
..................498
16
5.3.3.1
Effect of temperature
.....................499
5.3.3.2
Effect of pressure
........................500
5.3.3.3
Effect of composition
.....................500
5.3.3.3.1
Effect of the concentration
of the fining agent
................501
5.3.3.3.2
Effect of major glass
components
.....................502
5.3.3.3.3
Effect of the
redox
state
of the glass melt
.................503
5.3.4
Bubble behaviour in a very viscous and solid glass
.... 504
5.3.5
Results of the mathematical and experimental
investigation of bubbles in molten glasses
...........505
5.3.5.1
Development in the bubble dimension
.......506
5.3.5.2
Development in the bubble composition
.....510
5.3.5.3
Influence of the glass melting factors on the
time needed for bubbles to rise to the surface
513
5.3.6
Kinetics of the bubble behaviour in glasses.
Summary
......................................519
5.4
Typical properties of the sources and bubbles
generated by them
..................................522
5.4.1
Bubbles generated by decomposition and other
reactions of raw materials
........................523
5.4.2
Bubbles generated by the nucleation or by growth
of the nuclei as a result of melt oversaturation
with gases
.....................................527
5.4.3
Bubbles produced by chemical reactions
............535
5.4.3.1
Reactions of molten glass with
solid impurities
..........................535
5.4.3.2
Reactions of molten glass with
liquid impurities
..........................540
5.4.4
Bubbles generated by electrochemical reactions
.....542
5.4.5
Bubbles generated in a mechanical way
............548
5.4.5.1
Bubbles due to the entrapment or introduction
of the surrounding atmosphere
.............548
5.4.5.2
Bubbles generated by refractories
...........550
5.4.5.3
Bubbles resulting from the use
of cooling water
..........................555
17
5.5
Systemie
approach to the identification of bubble
sources in the melting process
.......................555
5.5.1
Conditions required for modelling bubble sources
and bubble history during glass melting
.............558
5.5.2
General features characterising the behaviour
of multi-component bubbles important for the
identification of their sources
......................561
5.5.3
Characteristic features of bubble analyses
...........572
5.5.4
Qualitative knowledge base of most current bubble
sources based on their analyses
...................573
5.5.5
Identification of bubble sources with the aid
of analyses of bubble sets
........................574
5.5.6
Application of other features to the identification
of bubble sources
...............................579
5.5.7
Application of the bubble features within
the framework of an experimental automatic
identification system
.............................580
5.5.8
Application of the mathematical modelling within
the automatic identification system
................586
5.6
Conclusion
.........................................590
5.7
List of symbols
.....................................593
5.8
References to Chapter
5.............................596
6.
Strategy adopted during the fight
against glass defects
(JiříBubeník. Hana Nováková. Antonín Smrček)
.............600
Index
..........................................................637
18
|
| adam_txt |
CONTENTS
1.
Introductory Chapter
{Miloslav Bartuška)
. 19
2.
Methods used for the identification
of defects
.22
2.1
Introduction
(MiloslavBartuška).
22
2.2
Basic identification methods
.23
2.2.1
Optical microscopy
(Miloslav Bartuška) .
23
2.2.1.1
Polarising microscope and its accessories
.24
2.2.1.2
Working procedures
.31
A. Measurement in transmitted polarised
light
.32
A a. Microstructure
and morphological
properties
.32
A b. Optical properties
.34
B. Measurement under crossed
polars
.36
В
a. Morphological properties
.36
B b.
Optical properties
.37
С
Measurement in reflected light
.40
2.2.1.3
Sampling and specimens for the
microscopic identification of defects
.41
2.2.1.4
Assessment of the optical microscopy
.45
2.2.1.5
References to Chapter
2.2.1 .47
2.2.2
X-ray micro-analysis
(Václav Hulínský).
47
2.2.2.1
Description of the method
.47
2.2.2.2
Principle of the apparatus
.49
2.2.2.3
Comparison of the WDS and EDS x-ray
micro-analysers
.52
2.2.2.4
Sensitivity limits of WDS and EDS
spectrometers
.55
2.2.2.5
Preparation of specimens for measurements
. 59
2.2.2.6
References to Chapter
2.2.2 .60
2.2.3
Methods applied to the analysis of gases contained
in bubbles
(Jiří
Ullrich)
.61
11
2.2.3.1
Introduction
.61
2.2.3.2
Mass spectrometry
.62
2.2.3.2.1
Principle of the method
.62
2.2.3.2.2
Instrumentation
.64
2.2.3.3
Gas chromatography
.69
2.2.3.4
References to Chapter
2.2.3 .72
2.3
Complementary identification methods
.73
2.3.1
X-ray diffraction analysis
(Petr
Exnar)
.73
2.3.2
X-ray fluorescence analysis
(Petr
Exnar)
.78
2.3.3
Methods of atomic optical spectrometry
(Leoš
Bauer)
. 80
2.3.3.1
Principle and classification of the methods
of atomic optical spectroscopy
.80
2.3.3.2
Atomic absorption spectrometry
.80
2.3.3.3
Atomic emission spectrometry
.83
2.3.3.4
Atomic fluorescence spectrometry
.88
2.3.3.5
Conclusion
.90
2.3.4
Polarimetry
(Petr
Exner)
.91
2.3.5
Method applied to the determination of gases
dissolved in glasses
(Jaroslav Kloužek) .
94
2.3.6
Measurement of the concentration of dissolved
oxygen
(Jaroslav Kloužek) .
97
2.3.7
Reference to Chapters
2.3.1 - 2.3.6.99
2.3.8
Electron microscopy
(ESCA)
(Martin
Maryśka)
.100
2.3.8.1
Principle of the method
.100
2.3.8.2
Spectra measurement and evaluation
.101
2.3.8.3
References to Chapter
2.3.8 . 102
2.3.9
Visualisation of the cords in the glass by 3-dimensional
filtration of their ¡mages
(Miloslav Ohlídal).
102
2.3.9.1
Introduction
.102
2.3.9.2
Experimental assembly
.105
2.3.9.3
Principle of the method
.106
2.3.9.4
References to Chapter
2.3.9 . 111
3.
Crystalline inclusions
-
stones
.112
3.1
Introduction (including Table
3 -
I and
3 -
II)
(Miloslav Bartuška) .
112
12
Tab. 3 - 1
Optical and physical properties of crystalline
phases forming and accompanying stones
. 114
Tab.
3-2
Formation of crystalline phases in stones
.123
3.2
Stones from refractories
(Miloslav Bartuška).
132
3.2.1
Contribution of refractory to the stone formation
Stones originated in contact with the glass melt
and above the glass level.
Primary and secondary phases
.132
3.2.2
Stones from silicate materials
.136
3.2.2.1
Silica
.136
Phase composition and
microstructure
of silica
.136
Changes in the phase composition
and
microstructure
of silica as a consequence
of its use
.138
Stones originated from the silica refractories
and silica mortars
.140
3.2.2.2
Fused silica products and stones originating
from such materials
.160
3.2.3
Stones from alumino-silicate materials
.169
3.2.3.1
Fireclay refractory
.169
Phase composition and
microstructure
of fireclay refractory
.169
Changes in the phase composition and
microstructure
of firebricks due to corrosion
. . 171
Stones from fireclay refractory
.176
Stones from ceramic rings and pot inserts
. 180
3.2.3.2
High-alumina refractories
.212
High-alumina refractory materials
composed of clay raw materials enriched
with corundum
.213
Stones from high-alumina refractories
composed of clay raw materials enriched
with corundum
.216
13
High-alumina refractories composed of natural
raw materials of the sillimanite type
.216
Stones from sillimanite refractories
.219
High-alumina refractories composed
of man-made mullite
.219
Stones from refractories composed
of man-made muliite
.225
3.2.4
Stones from materials composed of AI2O3
.256
3.2.4.1
Refractories composed of granular corundum
. 256
3.2.4.2
Sintered corundum ceramics
.257
3.2.4.3
Fused cast refractories containing corundum
and
ß-AI2O3
produced by melt
crystallisation
.257
3.2.5
Stones from alumina-zirconia-silicate refractory
(AZS)
. 270
3.2.5.1
Sintered
AZS
refractories
.270
Stones from sintered
AZS
refractories
.273
3.2.5.2
Fused-cast corundum-baddeleyite refractories
289
Stones from fused-cast corundum-baddeleyite
refractories
.295
3.2.6
Stones from zirconia-silicate (zircon) refractories
.3 16
3.2.7
Stones from refractories composed of ZrO2
.333
3.2.8
Stones from C^Og-containing refractories
.337
3.2.8.1
Sintered chrome-corundum refractories
.337
3.2.8.2
Sintered materials composed of Cr.O,
.338
3.2.8.3
Fused-cast chrome-corundum-baddeleyite
refractories (CAZS)
.339
3.2.8.4
Fused-cast chrome-corundum-spinel
refractories
.341
3.3
Stones originated from the batch
(Miloslav Bartuška).
355
3.3.1
Stones from imperfectly melted sand
.355
3.3.2
Stones from accessory minerals in sand
.371
3.3.3
Stones from aluminium hydrate
.379
3.3.4
Stones from contaminated batch
.384
3.3.5
Stones caused by an inhomogeneous distribution
of raw materials containing components characterised
by a low solubility in molten glass
.397
14
3.4
Stones caused by glass crystallisation
(devitrification products)
(MiloslavBartuška) .
399
3.4.1 ß-cristobalite .401
3.4.2
γ
-tridymite
.402
3.4.3
Devitrite
.403
3.4.4 ß-wollastonite.403
3.4.5
Diopside
.404
3.4.6
Other products of glass crystallisation
.405
α
-wollastonite
.
405
Di-sodium-di-calcium tri-silicat
.405
Anorthite
.406
Sanbornite
.406
Alamosite
.406
3.4.7
Condensates in inclusions
.406
3.5
References to Chapters
3.1
to
3.4.425
3.6
Inclusions caused by metals and reduced glass
components
(JiříMatěj).
426
3.6.1
Inclusions containing molybdenum and elemental
metals formed on molybdenum by reduction
.428
3.6.2
Inclusions caused by platinum components
.432
3.6.3
Inclusions created by the reduction of glass
components by batch impurities
.433
3.6.4
Survey of inclusions caused by metallic materials
and reduced glass components. Identification
of possible causes of their origin
.435
3.6.5
References to Chapter
3.6 .437
4.
Glassy inhomogeneities
-
cords and layers
(Václav Hulínský) .
438
4.1
Cord definition and sources
.438
4.2
Spectral methods
.440
4.3
Origin of various types of cords
440
4.3.1
Cords originating in the batch
.441
4.3.2
Cords originating from refractory
.441
4.3.3
Cords originating from the furnace crown
.442
4.3.4
Cords generated by stones
.442
4.3.5
Cords due to a layered structure of the glass melt
.443
15
4.3.6 Cords
due to temperature fluctuations
in the furnace
.443
4.3.7
Cords released from the furnace bottom
.444
4.3.8
Cords due to local changes in temperature
.444
4.4
Inhomogeneities in the glass melt
.446
4.4.1
Definition of the term "glass homogeneity"
.446
4.4.2
Batch homogeneity
.447
4.4.3
Furnace atmosphere as a cause of cords
.448
4.4.4
Glass evaporation as a possible source of cords
.450
4.4.5
Cullet behaviour in the glass melt
.451
4.4.6
Refractory dissolution and tank wall corrosion
.451
4.4.7
Corrosion of the furnace superstructure
.453
4.4.8
Corrosion of the furnace crown
.453
4.4.9
Hidden cords
{JiříBubeník) .
454
4.5
References to Chapter
4.457
5.
Gaseous inhomogeneities in the glass
-
bubbles
(Lubomír Němec).
459
5.1
Introduction
.459
5.2
Gas equilibria in the glasses
.461
5.2.1
Origin of gases and the type of their solubility
in the glass melts
.461
5.2.2
Physical solubility of gases in the glasses
.463
5.2.3
Chemical solubility of gases in the glass melts
.465
5.2.3.1
Chemical solubility of water vapour
.466
5.2.3.2
Chemical solubility of hydrogen
.468
5.2.3.3
Chemical solubility of carbon dioxide
.468
5.2.3.4
Chemical solubility of sulfur dioxide
.470
5.2.3.5
Chemical solubility of nitrogen
.475
5.2.3.6
Chemical solubility of oxygen
.476
5.2.4
Gas diffusion in glasses
.482
5.3
Kinetics of bubble behaviour in glasses
.486
5.3.1
Ascendance speed of a single bubble in a static
isothermal glass melt
.487
5.3.2
Bubble growth and dissolution in glass melts
.488
5.3.3
Effect of temperature, pressure and glass composition
on the rate of bubble elimination
.498
16
5.3.3.1
Effect of temperature
.499
5.3.3.2
Effect of pressure
.500
5.3.3.3
Effect of composition
.500
5.3.3.3.1
Effect of the concentration
of the fining agent
.501
5.3.3.3.2
Effect of major glass
components
.502
5.3.3.3.3
Effect of the
redox
state
of the glass melt
.503
5.3.4
Bubble behaviour in a very viscous and solid glass
. 504
5.3.5
Results of the mathematical and experimental
investigation of bubbles in molten glasses
.505
5.3.5.1
Development in the bubble dimension
.506
5.3.5.2
Development in the bubble composition
.510
5.3.5.3
Influence of the glass melting factors on the
time needed for bubbles to rise to the surface
513
5.3.6
Kinetics of the bubble behaviour in glasses.
Summary
.519
5.4
Typical properties of the sources and bubbles
generated by them
.522
5.4.1
Bubbles generated by decomposition and other
reactions of raw materials
.523
5.4.2
Bubbles generated by the nucleation or by growth
of the nuclei as a result of melt oversaturation
with gases
.527
5.4.3
Bubbles produced by chemical reactions
.535
5.4.3.1
Reactions of molten glass with
solid impurities
.535
5.4.3.2
Reactions of molten glass with
liquid impurities
.540
5.4.4
Bubbles generated by electrochemical reactions
.542
5.4.5
Bubbles generated in a mechanical way
.548
5.4.5.1
Bubbles due to the entrapment or introduction
of the surrounding atmosphere
.548
5.4.5.2
Bubbles generated by refractories
.550
5.4.5.3
Bubbles resulting from the use
of cooling water
.555
17
5.5
Systemie
approach to the identification of bubble
sources in the melting process
.555
5.5.1
Conditions required for modelling bubble sources
and bubble history during glass melting
.558
5.5.2
General features characterising the behaviour
of multi-component bubbles important for the
identification of their sources
.561
5.5.3
Characteristic features of bubble analyses
.572
5.5.4
Qualitative knowledge base of most current bubble
sources based on their analyses
.573
5.5.5
Identification of bubble sources with the aid
of analyses of bubble sets
.574
5.5.6
Application of other features to the identification
of bubble sources
.579
5.5.7
Application of the bubble features within
the framework of an experimental automatic
identification system
.580
5.5.8
Application of the mathematical modelling within
the automatic identification system
.586
5.6
Conclusion
.590
5.7
List of symbols
.593
5.8
References to Chapter
5.596
6.
Strategy adopted during the fight
against glass defects
(JiříBubeník. Hana Nováková. Antonín Smrček)
.600
Index
.637
18 |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Bartuška, Miloslav |
| author_facet | Bartuška, Miloslav |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Bartuška, Miloslav |
| author_variant | m b mb |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035188528 |
| classification_rvk | UQ 8600 ZM 6620 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)316280556 (DE-599)BSZ28750297X |
| discipline | Physik Werkstoffwissenschaften / Fertigungstechnik |
| discipline_str_mv | Physik Werkstoffwissenschaften / Fertigungstechnik |
| edition | 1. ed. |
| format | Book |
| fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01270nam a22003612c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV035188528</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20210311 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">081201s2008 ad|| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9788072522170</subfield><subfield code="9">978-80-7252-217-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)316280556</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)BSZ28750297X</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-703</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-1047</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">UQ 8600</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)146601:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ZM 6620</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)157089:</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Bartuška, Miloslav</subfield><subfield code="e">Verfasser</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="240" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Vady skla</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Glass defects</subfield><subfield code="c">Miroslav Bartuška ...</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="250" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">1. ed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Prague</subfield><subfield code="b">Práh</subfield><subfield code="c">2008</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">646 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Aus dem Tschech. übers.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Glasfehler</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4157436-9</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Glasfehler</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4157436-9</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016995181&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016995181</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
| id | DE-604.BV035188528 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T23:00:50Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:27:02Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9788072522170 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016995181 |
| oclc_num | 316280556 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-703 DE-1047 |
| owner_facet | DE-703 DE-1047 |
| physical | 646 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Práh |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Bartuška, Miloslav Verfasser aut Vady skla Glass defects Miroslav Bartuška ... 1. ed. Prague Práh 2008 646 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Aus dem Tschech. übers. Glasfehler (DE-588)4157436-9 gnd rswk-swf Glasfehler (DE-588)4157436-9 s DE-604 Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016995181&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Bartuška, Miloslav Glass defects Glasfehler (DE-588)4157436-9 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4157436-9 |
| title | Glass defects |
| title_alt | Vady skla |
| title_auth | Glass defects |
| title_exact_search | Glass defects |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Glass defects |
| title_full | Glass defects Miroslav Bartuška ... |
| title_fullStr | Glass defects Miroslav Bartuška ... |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glass defects Miroslav Bartuška ... |
| title_short | Glass defects |
| title_sort | glass defects |
| topic | Glasfehler (DE-588)4157436-9 gnd |
| topic_facet | Glasfehler |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016995181&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT bartuskamiloslav vadyskla AT bartuskamiloslav glassdefects |