Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas: centennial ice cover observations
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
---|---|
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin [u.a.]
Springer
2009
|
Schriftenreihe: | Springer Praxis books geophysical sciences
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XX, 164 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
ISBN: | 9783540858744 |
Internformat
MARC
LEADER | 00000nam a2200000 c 4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | BV035113780 | ||
003 | DE-604 | ||
005 | 20091113 | ||
007 | t | ||
008 | 081022s2009 gw bd|| |||| 00||| eng d | ||
015 | |a 08,N34,0416 |2 dnb | ||
016 | 7 | |a 989846512 |2 DE-101 | |
020 | |a 9783540858744 |c Gb. : ca. EUR 139.05 (freier Pr.), ca. sfr 216.00 (freier Pr.) |9 978-3-540-85874-4 | ||
024 | 3 | |a 9783540858744 | |
028 | 5 | 2 | |a 12447350 |
035 | |a (OCoLC)269435310 | ||
035 | |a (DE-599)DNB989846512 | ||
040 | |a DE-604 |b ger |e rakddb | ||
041 | 0 | |a eng | |
044 | |a gw |c XA-DE-BE | ||
049 | |a DE-29 |a DE-12 |a DE-355 |a DE-11 | ||
050 | 0 | |a GB2595 | |
082 | 0 | |a 551.343091632 |2 22 | |
084 | |a RY 60393 |0 (DE-625)142549:12720 |2 rvk | ||
084 | |a RY 60438 |0 (DE-625)142549:12737 |2 rvk | ||
084 | |a 550 |2 sdnb | ||
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas |b centennial ice cover observations |c Ivan E. Frolov ... |
264 | 1 | |a Berlin [u.a.] |b Springer |c 2009 | |
300 | |a XX, 164 S. |b graph. Darst., Kt. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 0 | |a Springer Praxis books geophysical sciences | |
650 | 4 | |a Klimaänderung | |
650 | 4 | |a Umwelt | |
650 | 4 | |a Climatic changes |x Environmental aspects |z Arctic regions | |
650 | 4 | |a Environmental impact analysis |z Arctic regions | |
650 | 4 | |a Sea ice |z Arctic regions | |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Meereis |0 (DE-588)4131349-5 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Klimaänderung |0 (DE-588)4164199-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
651 | 4 | |a Arctic regions |x Climate |v Observations | |
651 | 7 | |a Nordpolarmeer |0 (DE-588)4042569-1 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf | |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Nordpolarmeer |0 (DE-588)4042569-1 |D g |
689 | 0 | 1 | |a Meereis |0 (DE-588)4131349-5 |D s |
689 | 0 | 2 | |a Klimaänderung |0 (DE-588)4164199-1 |D s |
689 | 0 | |5 DE-604 | |
700 | 1 | |a Frolov, Ivan E. |e Sonstige |4 oth | |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m DNB Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016781566&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
999 | |a oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016781566 |
Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804138087784120320 |
---|---|
adam_text | CONTENTS PREFACE VII LIST OF FIGURES IX LIST OF TABLES XIII LIST OF
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS XV INTRODUCTION XVII 1 ARCTIC SEA ICE AS AN
ELEMENT OF THE GLOBAL CLIMATE SYSTEM 1 1.1 PATTERNS OF INTERACTION AMONG
ARCTIC PROCESSES IN THE GLOBAL CLIMATE SYSTEM 1 1.2 MAJOR EFFECTS OF
ARCTIC SEA ICE ON THE CLIMATIC SYSTEM 2 1.3 STABILITY OF THE SEA ICE
COVER IN POLAR REGIONS 5 2 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN ARCTIC SEAS ICE EXTENT
DURING THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 7 2.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF SEA ICE DATA IN
THE ARCTIC SEAS 7 2.2 SEASONAL AND REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ICE
EXTENT TRENDS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 11 2.3 THE POLYCYCLIC CHARACTER
OF LONG-TERM CHANGES IN ICE EXTENT .... 16 2.4 THE 60-YEAR CYCLE AND
ITS ROLE IN ICE EXTENT CHANGES IN VARIOUS REGIONS 19 2.5 20- AND 10-YEAR
CYCLES AND THEIR ROLE IN ICE EXTENT CHANGES .... 23 2.6 SHORT-PERIOD
VARIABILITY OF ARCTIC SEAS ICE EXTENT 23 3 VARIABILITY OF SEA ICE
THICKNESS AND CONCENTRATION IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 29 3.1 ICE
THICKNESS VARIATIONS 29 3.2 CHANGES IN ICE CONCENTRATION 35
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/989846512 DIGITALISIERT
DURCH VI CONTENTS 4 CONSISTENCY AMONG SEA ICE EXTENT AND ATMOSPHERIC AND
HYDROSPHERIC PROCESSES 37 4.1 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN ARCTIC AIR
TEMPERATURE 37 4.2 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FIELDS AND
ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION INDICES 42 4.3 CLIMATIC CHANGES IN THE ARCTIC
BASIN ICE-DRIFT PATTERN 53 4.4 CHANGES IN ICE EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE
ARCTIC BASIN, MARGINAL SEAS, AND THE GREENLAND SEA 56 4.4.1 ICE EXPORT
THROUGH FRAM STRAIT 56 4.4.2 ICE EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE ARCTIC SEAS AND
THE ARCTIC BASIN 62 4.5 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN MULTIYEAR ICE EXTENT IN THE
ARCTIC BASIN . . 69 4.6 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN SOME WATER MASS
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN 72 4.7 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN RIVER
RUNOFF 83 5 POSSIBLE CAUSES OF CHANGES IN CLIMATE AND IN ARCTIC SEAS ICE
EXTENT ... 89 5.1 TO THE QUESTION OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON SEA ICE
EXTENT VARIABILITY 89 5.2 THE INFLUENCE OF SOLAR ACTIVITY ON CLIMATE AND
THE ICE COVER ... 94 5.3 POSSIBLE INFLUENCE OF SELF-OSCILLATIONS IN THE
OCEAN ICE-ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM 105 5.4 SOLAR SYSTEM DISYMMETRY AND ITS
INFLUENCE ON SOLAR ENERGY FLUX TO THE EARTH 108 6 ASSESSMENT OF POSSIBLE
CHANGES IN AIR TEMPERATURE AND SEA-ICE EXTENT IN THE ARCTIC SEAS IN THE
TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY 113 6.1 BRIEF REVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGIES APPLIED
113 6.2 ASSESSMENT OF EXPECTED CHANGES IN AIR TEMPERATURE AND SEA-ICE
EXTEN
|
adam_txt |
CONTENTS PREFACE VII LIST OF FIGURES IX LIST OF TABLES XIII LIST OF
ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS XV INTRODUCTION XVII 1 ARCTIC SEA ICE AS AN
ELEMENT OF THE GLOBAL CLIMATE SYSTEM 1 1.1 PATTERNS OF INTERACTION AMONG
ARCTIC PROCESSES IN THE GLOBAL CLIMATE SYSTEM 1 1.2 MAJOR EFFECTS OF
ARCTIC SEA ICE ON THE CLIMATIC SYSTEM 2 1.3 STABILITY OF THE SEA ICE
COVER IN POLAR REGIONS 5 2 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN ARCTIC SEAS ICE EXTENT
DURING THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 7 2.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF SEA ICE DATA IN
THE ARCTIC SEAS 7 2.2 SEASONAL AND REGIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ICE
EXTENT TRENDS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 11 2.3 THE POLYCYCLIC CHARACTER
OF LONG-TERM CHANGES IN ICE EXTENT . 16 2.4 THE "60-YEAR" CYCLE AND
ITS ROLE IN ICE EXTENT CHANGES IN VARIOUS REGIONS 19 2.5 20- AND 10-YEAR
CYCLES AND THEIR ROLE IN ICE EXTENT CHANGES . 23 2.6 SHORT-PERIOD
VARIABILITY OF ARCTIC SEAS ICE EXTENT 23 3 VARIABILITY OF SEA ICE
THICKNESS AND CONCENTRATION IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 29 3.1 ICE
THICKNESS VARIATIONS 29 3.2 CHANGES IN ICE CONCENTRATION 35
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/989846512 DIGITALISIERT
DURCH VI CONTENTS 4 CONSISTENCY AMONG SEA ICE EXTENT AND ATMOSPHERIC AND
HYDROSPHERIC PROCESSES 37 4.1 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN ARCTIC AIR
TEMPERATURE 37 4.2 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE FIELDS AND
ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION INDICES 42 4.3 CLIMATIC CHANGES IN THE ARCTIC
BASIN ICE-DRIFT PATTERN 53 4.4 CHANGES IN ICE EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE
ARCTIC BASIN, MARGINAL SEAS, AND THE GREENLAND SEA 56 4.4.1 ICE EXPORT
THROUGH FRAM STRAIT 56 4.4.2 ICE EXCHANGE BETWEEN THE ARCTIC SEAS AND
THE ARCTIC BASIN 62 4.5 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN MULTIYEAR ICE EXTENT IN THE
ARCTIC BASIN . . 69 4.6 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN SOME WATER MASS
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN 72 4.7 LONG-TERM CHANGES IN RIVER
RUNOFF 83 5 POSSIBLE CAUSES OF CHANGES IN CLIMATE AND IN ARCTIC SEAS ICE
EXTENT . 89 5.1 TO THE QUESTION OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT ON SEA ICE
EXTENT VARIABILITY 89 5.2 THE INFLUENCE OF SOLAR ACTIVITY ON CLIMATE AND
THE ICE COVER . 94 5.3 POSSIBLE INFLUENCE OF SELF-OSCILLATIONS IN THE
OCEAN ICE-ATMOSPHERE SYSTEM 105 5.4 SOLAR SYSTEM DISYMMETRY AND ITS
INFLUENCE ON SOLAR ENERGY FLUX TO THE EARTH 108 6 ASSESSMENT OF POSSIBLE
CHANGES IN AIR TEMPERATURE AND SEA-ICE EXTENT IN THE ARCTIC SEAS IN THE
TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY 113 6.1 BRIEF REVIEW OF THE METHODOLOGIES APPLIED
113 6.2 ASSESSMENT OF EXPECTED CHANGES IN AIR TEMPERATURE AND SEA-ICE
EXTEN |
any_adam_object | 1 |
any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV035113780 |
callnumber-first | G - Geography, Anthropology, Recreation |
callnumber-label | GB2595 |
callnumber-raw | GB2595 |
callnumber-search | GB2595 |
callnumber-sort | GB 42595 |
callnumber-subject | GB - Physical Geography |
classification_rvk | RY 60393 RY 60438 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)269435310 (DE-599)DNB989846512 |
dewey-full | 551.343091632 |
dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
dewey-ones | 551 - Geology, hydrology, meteorology |
dewey-raw | 551.343091632 |
dewey-search | 551.343091632 |
dewey-sort | 3551.343091632 |
dewey-tens | 550 - Earth sciences |
discipline | Geologie / Paläontologie Geographie |
discipline_str_mv | Geologie / Paläontologie Geographie |
format | Book |
fullrecord | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>02133nam a2200553 c 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">BV035113780</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-604</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20091113 </controlfield><controlfield tag="007">t</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">081022s2009 gw bd|| |||| 00||| eng d</controlfield><datafield tag="015" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">08,N34,0416</subfield><subfield code="2">dnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="016" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">989846512</subfield><subfield code="2">DE-101</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="020" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783540858744</subfield><subfield code="c">Gb. : ca. EUR 139.05 (freier Pr.), ca. sfr 216.00 (freier Pr.)</subfield><subfield code="9">978-3-540-85874-4</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="024" ind1="3" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9783540858744</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="028" ind1="5" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">12447350</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(OCoLC)269435310</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-599)DNB989846512</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-604</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="e">rakddb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="044" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">gw</subfield><subfield code="c">XA-DE-BE</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="049" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-29</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-12</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-355</subfield><subfield code="a">DE-11</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="050" ind1=" " ind2="0"><subfield code="a">GB2595</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">551.343091632</subfield><subfield code="2">22</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">RY 60393</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)142549:12720</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">RY 60438</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-625)142549:12737</subfield><subfield code="2">rvk</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">550</subfield><subfield code="2">sdnb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas</subfield><subfield code="b">centennial ice cover observations</subfield><subfield code="c">Ivan E. Frolov ...</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Berlin [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="b">Springer</subfield><subfield code="c">2009</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">XX, 164 S.</subfield><subfield code="b">graph. Darst., Kt.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="490" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Springer Praxis books geophysical sciences</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Klimaänderung</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Umwelt</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Climatic changes</subfield><subfield code="x">Environmental aspects</subfield><subfield code="z">Arctic regions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Environmental impact analysis</subfield><subfield code="z">Arctic regions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Sea ice</subfield><subfield code="z">Arctic regions</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Meereis</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4131349-5</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1="0" ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Klimaänderung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4164199-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Arctic regions</subfield><subfield code="x">Climate</subfield><subfield code="v">Observations</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="651" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Nordpolarmeer</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4042569-1</subfield><subfield code="2">gnd</subfield><subfield code="9">rswk-swf</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Nordpolarmeer</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4042569-1</subfield><subfield code="D">g</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="1"><subfield code="a">Meereis</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4131349-5</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">Klimaänderung</subfield><subfield code="0">(DE-588)4164199-1</subfield><subfield code="D">s</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="689" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="5">DE-604</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Frolov, Ivan E.</subfield><subfield code="e">Sonstige</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="2"><subfield code="m">DNB Datenaustausch</subfield><subfield code="q">application/pdf</subfield><subfield code="u">http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016781566&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA</subfield><subfield code="3">Inhaltsverzeichnis</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="999" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016781566</subfield></datafield></record></collection> |
geographic | Arctic regions Climate Observations Nordpolarmeer (DE-588)4042569-1 gnd |
geographic_facet | Arctic regions Climate Observations Nordpolarmeer |
id | DE-604.BV035113780 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-02T22:18:42Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:22:37Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9783540858744 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016781566 |
oclc_num | 269435310 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-29 DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-11 |
owner_facet | DE-29 DE-12 DE-355 DE-BY-UBR DE-11 |
physical | XX, 164 S. graph. Darst., Kt. |
publishDate | 2009 |
publishDateSearch | 2009 |
publishDateSort | 2009 |
publisher | Springer |
record_format | marc |
series2 | Springer Praxis books geophysical sciences |
spelling | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations Ivan E. Frolov ... Berlin [u.a.] Springer 2009 XX, 164 S. graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Springer Praxis books geophysical sciences Klimaänderung Umwelt Climatic changes Environmental aspects Arctic regions Environmental impact analysis Arctic regions Sea ice Arctic regions Meereis (DE-588)4131349-5 gnd rswk-swf Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd rswk-swf Arctic regions Climate Observations Nordpolarmeer (DE-588)4042569-1 gnd rswk-swf Nordpolarmeer (DE-588)4042569-1 g Meereis (DE-588)4131349-5 s Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 s DE-604 Frolov, Ivan E. Sonstige oth DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016781566&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations Klimaänderung Umwelt Climatic changes Environmental aspects Arctic regions Environmental impact analysis Arctic regions Sea ice Arctic regions Meereis (DE-588)4131349-5 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4131349-5 (DE-588)4164199-1 (DE-588)4042569-1 |
title | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations |
title_auth | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations |
title_exact_search | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations |
title_exact_search_txtP | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations |
title_full | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations Ivan E. Frolov ... |
title_fullStr | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations Ivan E. Frolov ... |
title_full_unstemmed | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations Ivan E. Frolov ... |
title_short | Climate change in Eurasian Arctic shelf seas |
title_sort | climate change in eurasian arctic shelf seas centennial ice cover observations |
title_sub | centennial ice cover observations |
topic | Klimaänderung Umwelt Climatic changes Environmental aspects Arctic regions Environmental impact analysis Arctic regions Sea ice Arctic regions Meereis (DE-588)4131349-5 gnd Klimaänderung (DE-588)4164199-1 gnd |
topic_facet | Klimaänderung Umwelt Climatic changes Environmental aspects Arctic regions Environmental impact analysis Arctic regions Sea ice Arctic regions Meereis Arctic regions Climate Observations Nordpolarmeer |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016781566&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT frolovivane climatechangeineurasianarcticshelfseascentennialicecoverobservations |