Knowledge and regional innovativeness: theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
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| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2008
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| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 197 S. graph. Darst. |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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| adam_text | Contents
1 Introduction 1
2 The Regional Dimension of Knowledge Transfers 17
2.1 Introduction............................. 17
2.2 Tacit knowledge and spatial boundaries .............. 19
2.2.1 Tacit knowledge and innovation economies........ 19
2.2.2 Some remarks concerning tacit knowledge ........ 20
2.3 A behavioral model......................... 23
2.3.1 The basic search process.................. 23
2.3.2 A behavioral model of knowledge transfer......... 25
2.3.3 Heuristics employed in the search process......... 27
2.3.4 Motivational factors .................... 30
2.3.5 Search bias......................... 31
2.4 The aggregate perspective: social embeddedness.......... 36
2.4.1 Networks, ties and social embeddedness.......... 37
2.4.2 Regional identity...................... 38
2.4.3 Social bias ......................... 40
2.5 Summary and discussion: defining the size of a region ...... 44
2.6 Conclusion ............................. 47
3 Measuring Regional Innovativeness 49
3.1 Introduction............................. 49
3.2 Considerations on the innovativeness of spatial units ....... 51
3.2.1 Definition of innovation performance........... 51
3.2.2 The benchmark for evaluating innovation performance . . 57
xiv__________________________________________________CONTENTS
3.2.3 Resources in the regional innovation process ....... 58
3.2.4 Industry specificity..................... 61
3.3 Employed method and data..................... 63
3.3.1 Empirical data on patents and R D employees...... 64
3.3.2 Resources in the region................... 66
3.3.3 A method to calculate innovation performance...... 69
3.4 Results for the innovation performance measures......... 73
3.4.1 Innovations per R D employment (Analyses 1 and 2) . . 73
3.4.2 Single-input, multi-output analysis (Analysis 3)...... 75
3.4.3 Multi-input, multi-output analysis (Analysis 4)...... 79
3.5 Conclusions............................. 83
4 From Average to the Frontier 87
4.1 Introduction............................. 87
4.2 Two ways of analyzing regional innovativeness.......... 89
4.2.1 Localization, urbanization, and Jacobs externalities .... 89
4.2.2 Measuring regional innovation performance........ 92
4.2.3 Parametric production functions vs. nonparametric frontiers 93
4.2.4 Arguments in favor of non-convex nonparametric frontier
approaches......................... 96
4.3 Analyzing externalities impacts on innovation performance ... 102
4.3.1 Unconditional and conditional order-m frontier approaches 102
4.3.2 Setting-up the performance analyses............ 104
4.4 Employed data ........................... 107
4.4.1 Data on innovativeness and R D activities........ 107
4.4.2 Data on externalities and regional factors......... 109
4.5 Results................................ Ill
4.5.1 Urbanization externalities ................. Ill
4.5.2 Localization externalities.................. 112
4.5.3 Jacobs externalities..................... 114
4.6 Conclusion ............................. 116
CONTENTS_________________________________________________________xv
5 Cooperation Behavior and Regional Innovativeness 119
5.1 Introduction............................. 119
5.2 Cooperativeness and regions innovativeness............ 121
5.2.1 Cooperativeness and its effects on R D activities..... 121
5.2.2 Cooperation R D processes in a regional context ... 122
5.2.3 A challenging empirical endeavor............. 125
5.3 Method............................... 127
5.3.1 Nonparametric frontier analysis.............. 127
5.3.2 Analyzing the effect of cooperativeness on innovation
performance ........................ 131
5.3.3 The definition of the regional resource endowment .... 133
5.4 The employed data......................... 134
5.4.1 Data on patent applications and R D........... 134
5.4.2 Regional factor endowment ................ 137
5.4.3 Two cooperativeness measures............... 140
5.5 Results................................ 144
5.5.1 Robustness and reliability ................. 144
5.5.2 General results....................... 145
5.5.3 The impact of the resource endowment .......... 151
5.6 Conclusion ............................. 152
6 Conclusion 155
A Exemplifications 161
A.I Conditional and unconditional order-m frontier analysis...... 161
A.2 Smoothing and bandwidths..................... 164
B Tables 165
C Figures 173
List of Figures
2.1 Influences on knowledge transfers................. 33
3.1 Regional interactions that cause the innovation output of a region. 55
3.2 Analysis 1.............................. 73
3.3 Analysis 2.............................. 73
3.4 Analysis 3.............................. 81
3.5 Analysis 4.............................. 81
4.1 Regression approach........................ 95
4.2 Frontier approach.......................... 95
5.1 Density of coop, measures..................... 143
5.2 Contour of coop, measures..................... 143
5.3 Surface of Qz, Analysis 1...................... 147
5.4 Surface of Qz, Analysis 2...................... 147
5.5 Cooplntra, firm-orient........................ 148
5.6 Cooplntra, region-orient....................... 148
5.7 Cooplnter, firm-orient........................ 148
5.8 Cooplnter, region-orient....................... 148
A.I Comparison of bandwidths..................... 162
C.I Results urbanization......................... 173
C.2 Results SPEC............................ 174
C.3 Results Jacobs externalities..................... 175
C.4 Histograms of Cooplntra...................... 176
xviii LIST OF FIGURES
C.5 Histograms of Cooplnter......................177
List of Tables
3.1 Number of regions and their performance in Analyses 3 and 4 in
2000................................. 82
4.1 Results on localization externalities ................ 112
4.2 Results on localization externalities ................ 114
4.3 Results on Jacobs externalities................... 115
5.1 Descriptives of cooperativeness impact.............. 146
5.2 Intra-and inter-regional cooperation................ 149
B.I Graduates Mobility......................... 165
B.2 Range of spill-overs of R D institutes, hyperbolic distribution . . 165
B.3 Variables, estimation base, and sources............... 166
B.4 Variables and their employment .................. 167
B.5 Definitions of industries....................... 168
B.6 Correlations of employed variables................. 168
B.7 Variables, estimation base, and sources............... 169
B.8 Variables and their employment .................. 170
B.9 Pearson s correlation coefficients I................. 170
B. 10 Pearson s correlation coefficients II................. 171
B.ll Pearson s correlation coefficients III................ 171
B.I2 Pearson s correlation coefficients IV................ 172
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
1 Introduction 1
2 The Regional Dimension of Knowledge Transfers 17
2.1 Introduction. 17
2.2 Tacit knowledge and spatial boundaries . 19
2.2.1 Tacit knowledge and innovation economies. 19
2.2.2 Some remarks concerning tacit knowledge . 20
2.3 A behavioral model. 23
2.3.1 The basic search process. 23
2.3.2 A behavioral model of knowledge transfer. 25
2.3.3 Heuristics employed in the search process. 27
2.3.4 Motivational factors . 30
2.3.5 Search bias. 31
2.4 The aggregate perspective: social embeddedness. 36
2.4.1 Networks, ties and social embeddedness. 37
2.4.2 Regional identity. 38
2.4.3 Social bias . 40
2.5 Summary and discussion: defining the size of a region . 44
2.6 Conclusion . 47
3 Measuring Regional Innovativeness 49
3.1 Introduction. 49
3.2 Considerations on the innovativeness of spatial units . 51
3.2.1 Definition of innovation performance. 51
3.2.2 The benchmark for evaluating innovation performance . . 57
xiv_CONTENTS
3.2.3 Resources in the regional innovation process . 58
3.2.4 Industry specificity. 61
3.3 Employed method and data. 63
3.3.1 Empirical data on patents and R D employees. 64
3.3.2 Resources in the region. 66
3.3.3 A method to calculate innovation performance. 69
3.4 Results for the innovation performance measures. 73
3.4.1 Innovations per R D employment (Analyses 1 and 2) . . 73
3.4.2 Single-input, multi-output analysis (Analysis 3). 75
3.4.3 Multi-input, multi-output analysis (Analysis 4). 79
3.5 Conclusions. 83
4 From Average to the Frontier 87
4.1 Introduction. 87
4.2 Two ways of analyzing regional innovativeness. 89
4.2.1 Localization, urbanization, and Jacobs externalities . 89
4.2.2 Measuring regional innovation performance. 92
4.2.3 Parametric production functions vs. nonparametric frontiers 93
4.2.4 Arguments in favor of non-convex nonparametric frontier
approaches. 96
4.3 Analyzing externalities'impacts on innovation performance . 102
4.3.1 Unconditional and conditional order-m frontier approaches 102
4.3.2 Setting-up the performance analyses. 104
4.4 Employed data . 107
4.4.1 Data on innovativeness and R D activities. 107
4.4.2 Data on externalities and regional factors. 109
4.5 Results. Ill
4.5.1 Urbanization externalities . Ill
4.5.2 Localization externalities. 112
4.5.3 Jacobs externalities. 114
4.6 Conclusion . 116
CONTENTS_xv
5 Cooperation Behavior and Regional Innovativeness 119
5.1 Introduction. 119
5.2 Cooperativeness and regions'innovativeness. 121
5.2.1 Cooperativeness and its effects on R D activities. 121
5.2.2 Cooperation R D processes in a regional context . 122
5.2.3 A challenging empirical endeavor. 125
5.3 Method. 127
5.3.1 Nonparametric frontier analysis. 127
5.3.2 Analyzing the effect of cooperativeness on innovation
performance . 131
5.3.3 The definition of the regional resource endowment . 133
5.4 The employed data. 134
5.4.1 Data on patent applications and R D. 134
5.4.2 Regional factor endowment . 137
5.4.3 Two cooperativeness measures. 140
5.5 Results. 144
5.5.1 Robustness and reliability . 144
5.5.2 General results. 145
5.5.3 The impact of the resource endowment . 151
5.6 Conclusion . 152
6 Conclusion 155
A Exemplifications 161
A.I Conditional and unconditional order-m frontier analysis. 161
A.2 Smoothing and bandwidths. 164
B Tables 165
C Figures 173
List of Figures
2.1 Influences on knowledge transfers. 33
3.1 Regional interactions that cause the innovation output of a region. 55
3.2 Analysis 1. 73
3.3 Analysis 2. 73
3.4 Analysis 3. 81
3.5 Analysis 4. 81
4.1 Regression approach. 95
4.2 Frontier approach. 95
5.1 Density of coop, measures. 143
5.2 Contour of coop, measures. 143
5.3 Surface of Qz, Analysis 1. 147
5.4 Surface of Qz, Analysis 2. 147
5.5 Cooplntra, firm-orient. 148
5.6 Cooplntra, region-orient. 148
5.7 Cooplnter, firm-orient. 148
5.8 Cooplnter, region-orient. 148
A.I Comparison of bandwidths. 162
C.I Results urbanization. 173
C.2 Results SPEC. 174
C.3 Results Jacobs externalities. 175
C.4 Histograms of Cooplntra. 176
xviii LIST OF FIGURES
C.5 Histograms of Cooplnter.177
List of Tables
3.1 Number of regions and their performance in Analyses 3 and 4 in
2000. 82
4.1 Results on localization externalities . 112
4.2 Results on localization externalities . 114
4.3 Results on Jacobs externalities. 115
5.1 Descriptives of cooperativeness'impact. 146
5.2 Intra-and inter-regional cooperation. 149
B.I Graduates Mobility. 165
B.2 Range of spill-overs of R D institutes, hyperbolic distribution . . 165
B.3 Variables, estimation base, and sources. 166
B.4 Variables and their employment . 167
B.5 Definitions of industries. 168
B.6 Correlations of employed variables. 168
B.7 Variables, estimation base, and sources. 169
B.8 Variables and their employment . 170
B.9 Pearson's correlation coefficients I. 170
B. 10 Pearson's correlation coefficients II. 171
B.ll Pearson's correlation coefficients III. 171
B.I2 Pearson's correlation coefficients IV. 172 |
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| discipline | Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
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| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:22:33Z |
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| spelling | Brökel, Tom 1978- Verfasser (DE-588)13051974X aut Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses von Tom Brökel 2008 XVIII, 197 S. graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Jena, Univ., Diss., 2008 Region (DE-588)4049029-4 gnd rswk-swf Innovation (DE-588)4027089-0 gnd rswk-swf Know-how-Transfer (DE-588)4031370-0 gnd rswk-swf (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Innovation (DE-588)4027089-0 s Know-how-Transfer (DE-588)4031370-0 s Region (DE-588)4049029-4 s DE-604 HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016778624&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Brökel, Tom 1978- Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses Region (DE-588)4049029-4 gnd Innovation (DE-588)4027089-0 gnd Know-how-Transfer (DE-588)4031370-0 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4049029-4 (DE-588)4027089-0 (DE-588)4031370-0 (DE-588)4113937-9 |
| title | Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses |
| title_auth | Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses |
| title_exact_search | Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses |
| title_full | Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses von Tom Brökel |
| title_fullStr | Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses von Tom Brökel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses von Tom Brökel |
| title_short | Knowledge and regional innovativeness |
| title_sort | knowledge and regional innovativeness theoretical considerations measurement and empirical analyses |
| title_sub | theoretical considerations, measurement, and empirical analyses |
| topic | Region (DE-588)4049029-4 gnd Innovation (DE-588)4027089-0 gnd Know-how-Transfer (DE-588)4031370-0 gnd |
| topic_facet | Region Innovation Know-how-Transfer Hochschulschrift |
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