Cognitive reserve: theory and applications
Gespeichert in:
Format: | Buch |
---|---|
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
New York [u.a.]
Taylor & Francis
2007
|
Schriftenreihe: | Studies on neuropsychology, neurology, and cognition
|
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | Includes index |
Beschreibung: | XXI, 344 S. |
ISBN: | 9781841694740 1841694746 |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Cognitive reserve |b theory and applications |c ed. by Yaakov Stern |
264 | 1 | |a New York [u.a.] |b Taylor & Francis |c 2007 | |
300 | |a XXI, 344 S. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
490 | 0 | |a Studies on neuropsychology, neurology, and cognition | |
500 | |a Includes index | ||
650 | 7 | |a Bewustzijnsstoornissen |2 gtt | |
650 | 4 | |a Cognition, Troubles de la - Diagnostic | |
650 | 7 | |a Hersenen |2 gtt | |
650 | 4 | |a Neuropsychologie | |
650 | 7 | |a Pathologische fysiologie |2 gtt | |
650 | 7 | |a Veroudering (biologie, psychologie) |2 gtt | |
650 | 7 | |a Ziekte van Alzheimer |2 gtt | |
650 | 4 | |a Cognition disorders / Diagnosis | |
650 | 4 | |a Neuropsychology | |
650 | 4 | |a Cognition Disorders / diagnosis | |
650 | 4 | |a Aging / physiology | |
650 | 4 | |a Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis | |
650 | 4 | |a Brain / physiology | |
650 | 4 | |a Brain Injuries / physiopathology | |
650 | 4 | |a Cognition / physiology | |
650 | 4 | |a Neuropsychological Tests | |
700 | 1 | |a Stern, Yaakov |e Sonstige |0 (DE-588)136441467 |4 oth | |
856 | 4 | 2 | |m HBZ Datenaustausch |q application/pdf |u http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016772989&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |3 Inhaltsverzeichnis |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804138075674116096 |
---|---|
adam_text | Contents
List of figures xi
List of tables xv
About the editor xvii
List of contributors xix
From the series editor xxiii
1 The concept of cognitive reserve: A catalyst for research 1
YAAKOV STERN
2 Understanding cognitive reserve through genetics and genetic
epidemiology 5
JOSEPH H. LEE
3 Lifetime antecedents of cognitive reserve 37
MARCUS RICHARDS, AMANDA SACKER, AND IAN J. DEARY
4 Brain reserve capacity, cognitive reserve capacity, and age-based
functional plasticity after congenital and acquired brain injury in
children 53
MAUREEN DENNIS, KEITH OWEN YEATES, H. GERRY TAYLOR, AND
JACK M. FLETCHER
5 Traumatic brain injury and cognitive reserve 85
ERIN D. BIGLER
6 Electroconvulsive therapy and coronary artery bypass grafting
surgery: Pseudoexperimental paradigms for studying cognitive
reserve 117
PATRICIA A. BOYLE, SUSAN A. LEGENDRE ROPACKI, AND
ROBERT A. STERN
viii Contents
7 The impact of cognitive reserve on neuropsychological measures in
clinical trials 131
LINAS A. B1ELIAUSKAS AND AMI ANTONUCCI
8 Association between early life physical activity and late-life
cognition: Evidence for cognitive reserve 143
MIRANDA G. DIK, DORLY J. H. DEEG, MARJOLEIN VISSER, AND
CEES JONKER
9 Assessment of lifetime participation in cognitively stimulating
activities 159
ROBERT S. WILSON, LISA L. BARNES, AND DAVID A. BENNETT
10 Lifestyle activities and late-life changes in cognitive performance 173
BRENT J. SMALL, TIFFANY F. HUGHES, DAVID F. HULTSCH, AND
ROGER A. DIXON
11 Lifestyle patterns and cognitive reserve 187
NIKOLAOS SCARMEAS
12 Brain reserve: HIV morbidity and mortality 207
MATTHEW J. REINHARD, PAUL SATZ, OLA A. SELNES, NED SACKTOR,
BRUCE A. COHEN, JAMES T. BECKER, AND ERIC N. MILLER
13 Literacy and cognitive decline among ethnically diverse elders 219
JENNIFER J. MANLY, NICOLE SCHUPF, MING-XIN TANG,
CHRISTOPHER C. WEISS, AND YAAKOV STERN
14 Brain reserve and risk of dementia: Findings from the Nun Study 237
JAMES A. MORTIMER, DAVID A. SNOWDON, AND
WILLIAM R. MARKESBERY
15 Imaging cognitive reserve 251
YAAKOV STERN
16 Cognitive reserve in healthy aging and Alzheimer disease: Evidence
for compensatory reorganization of brain networks 265
CHERYL L. GRADY
Contents ix
17 A neurocognitive overview of aging phenomena based on the event-
related brain potential (ERP) 285
DAVID FRIEDMAN
18 Adult neurogenesis and regeneration in the brain 305
YEVGENIA KOZOROVITSKIY AND ELIZABETH GOULD
Author index 327
Subject index 332
List of figures
3.1 Major lifetime antecedents of cognitive reserve in the British 1946
birth cohort (adapted from Richards Sacker, 2003). 41
3.2 A proposed life course model of cognitive reserve (from Richards
Deary, 2005). 44
4.1 Developmental model of brain reserve capacity (BRC) and
cognitive reserve capacity (CRC) showing mediated and
moderated relations. 56
5.1 (A) TICV growth plots by age, and (B) TBV growth plots that
mirror TICV. Used with permission from Courchesne et al.
(2000). 87
5.2 Neuroimaging depiction of cerebral atrophy in sequential series
of scans. 90
5.3 3-D ventricular reconstruction depicting TBI-induced ventricular
expansion compared to the age-matched control subject. 91
5.4 Plotting VBR by age. 92
5.5 The inexorable decline in some cognitive functions plotted over
the lifespan. From Salthouse (2004). 97
5.6 (A) The longer the duration of epilepsy, the greater the level of
cognitive impairment. (B) The effect is lessened in those with
greater education when compared to those with less education.
Used with permission from Oyegbile et al. (2004). 99
5.7 Hippocampal volume from age 16 to 88 years of age, taken from
Bigler et al. (2002, 1997, 2000). 101
5.8 Graph showing the relationship of errors in maze learning to the
extent of cerebral damage in the rat (from Lashley and Wiley,
1933). 105
6.1 Cognitive reserve in degenerative disease: The traditional
approach to the study of cognitive reserve without pre-disease
cognitive testing. 119
6.2 Electroconvulsive therapy: A pseudoexperimental approach
to the study of cognitive reserve with pre-treatment cognitive
testing in a condition without pre-treatment CNS disease
burden. 122
xii List of figures
6.3 Coronary artery bypass grafting: A pseudoexperimental
approach to the study of cognitive reserve with pre-treatment
cognitive testing in a condition with possible pre-treatment CNS
disease burden. 126
7.1 CR and cognitive decline in potentially dementing conditions. 135
13.1 Length of school year in North Carolina, South Carolina, and
New York from 1910 to 1943. Source: United States Department
of Health, Education, and Welfare Office of Education. 222
13.2 Change in Selective Reminding Test total recall score over time. 225
13.3 Change in Selective Reminding Test delayed recall score over time. 225
14.1 Distributions of head circumference in the sample of 294
participants. 240
14.2 Distribution of educational attainment in the sample of 294
participants. 241
14.3 Percentage of individuals who were demented in six groups
defined by educational attainment and head circumference tertile. 241
15.1 Hypothetical relationship between task demand and task-related
activation. 253
15.2 Voxel-wise multiple regression of cognitive reserve variable
against the change in activation from the low to the titrated
demand condition for the age groups in voxel. 260
16.1 Brain areas where activity during object encoding was
significantly correlated with activity in right hippocampus and
with subsequent recognition performance in young adults (A) and
old adults (B) are shown on standard magnetic resonance images.
Data are from Grady, Mclntosh, and Craik (2003). 269
16.2 Brain areas where activity is associated with better task
performance in mildly demented AD patients during semantic
and episodic memory tasks and a face working memory task.
Data are from Grady et al. (2003) and Grady, Furey, Pietrini,
Horwitz, and Rapoport (2001). 274
17.1 Schematic diagram of the construction of the recency recognition
paradigm. 288
17.2 Grand mean ERPs elicited by correctly identified recency trials in
three groups of participants. 289
17.3 Schematic diagram of the working memory paradigm for both
the delayed matching to sample (DMS) and updating (UT) tasks. 291
17.4 Grand mean ERPs averaged across subjects within each age
group elicited by the 1st, 3rd, and 4th digits in the delayed
matching to sample (DMS) task, and by the 1st, 4th, and 5th
digits during the updating task (UT). Modified from Gaeta et al.
(unpublished manuscript). 292
17.5 Grand mean reaction times for the young and old adults
associated with the standards preceding (1 before) and following
(1 after) the environmental sound switch cue. 294
List of figures xiii
17.6 (A) Grand mean ERPs averaged across subjects within the young
and old age groups. (B) The surface potential scalp topographies
associated with each of these events are presented below the
corresponding young and old waveforms. (C) Grand mean
averaged voltages, measured between 600 and 700 ms post-
stimulus, associated with the ERP waveforms illustrated in (A). 295
17.7 Schematic diagram of the task-switching paradigm. 296
17.8 (A) Grand mean reaction time for the trial preceding the switch
(switch -1), the switch trial (switch), the trial following the switch
(switch +1) during switch blocks and for no switch blocks. (B)
Grand mean ERPs corresponding to the reaction time data
depicted in (A). 297
18.1 Three types of compensatory neurogenesis in the adult
mammalian brain. Gould and Tanapat (1997); Kernie, Erwin,
and Parada (2001); Magavi and Macklis (2002). 308
18.2 (A) A feed-forward neural system damaged at a specific level. (B)
New neurons from proliferating precursors restore the system to
its original state. (C) New neurons from proliferating precursors
restore the system to a novel state that could be functionally
similar to (B). 312
18.3 Some hormonal and environmental modulators of adult
neurogenesis. 316
List of tables
2.1 Summary of heritability estimates of cognitive functions 13-14
8.1 Characteristics of the study sample (n = 1241) 148
8.2 Characteristics of the study sample by early life physical activity
(« = 1241) 149
8.3 Associations between early life physical activity and cognition for
the total study sample (n = 1241) 150
8.4 Associations between early life physical activity and cognition,
separately for men (n = 604) and women (n = 637) 150
9.1 Lifetime cognitive activity scale 165 166
12.1 Descriptive statistics of HIV morbidity and mortality (with
additional 5-year follow-up data) 211
12.2 Results of Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for
concurrent predictors (with additional 5-year follow-up data) 212
13.1 Adjusted Cox model showing relative risk for incident dementia
among 1192 participants 226
13.2 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals relating years of
education and reading level to incident dementia. The models are
adjusted for age, gender, and ethnicity, and are based on a sample
of 1192 participants 227
14.1 Results of hierarchical logistic regression analysis predicting
dementia from educational attainment and head circumference,
and their interaction (N = 291) 242
14.2 Odds ratios and prevalence of dementia in groups defined by
educational attainment and head circumference (A = 294) 242
14.3 Results of multiple logistic regression analysis showing odds
ratios of satisfaction of neuropathological criteria for
Alzheimer s disease related to educational attainment and
head circumference (N = 60) 243
18.1 Regulation of adult neurogenesis in the intact brain 314
|
adam_txt |
Contents
List of figures xi
List of tables xv
About the editor xvii
List of contributors xix
From the series editor xxiii
1 The concept of cognitive reserve: A catalyst for research 1
YAAKOV STERN
2 Understanding cognitive reserve through genetics and genetic
epidemiology 5
JOSEPH H. LEE
3 Lifetime antecedents of cognitive reserve 37
MARCUS RICHARDS, AMANDA SACKER, AND IAN J. DEARY
4 Brain reserve capacity, cognitive reserve capacity, and age-based
functional plasticity after congenital and acquired brain injury in
children 53
MAUREEN DENNIS, KEITH OWEN YEATES, H. GERRY TAYLOR, AND
JACK M. FLETCHER
5 Traumatic brain injury and cognitive reserve 85
ERIN D. BIGLER
6 Electroconvulsive therapy and coronary artery bypass grafting
surgery: Pseudoexperimental paradigms for studying cognitive
reserve 117
PATRICIA A. BOYLE, SUSAN A. LEGENDRE ROPACKI, AND
ROBERT A. STERN
viii Contents
7 The impact of cognitive reserve on neuropsychological measures in
clinical trials 131
LINAS A. B1ELIAUSKAS AND AMI ANTONUCCI
8 Association between early life physical activity and late-life
cognition: Evidence for cognitive reserve 143
MIRANDA G. DIK, DORLY J. H. DEEG, MARJOLEIN VISSER, AND
CEES JONKER
9 Assessment of lifetime participation in cognitively stimulating
activities 159
ROBERT S. WILSON, LISA L. BARNES, AND DAVID A. BENNETT
10 Lifestyle activities and late-life changes in cognitive performance 173
BRENT J. SMALL, TIFFANY F. HUGHES, DAVID F. HULTSCH, AND
ROGER A. DIXON
11 Lifestyle patterns and cognitive reserve 187
NIKOLAOS SCARMEAS
12 Brain reserve: HIV morbidity and mortality 207
MATTHEW J. REINHARD, PAUL SATZ, OLA A. SELNES, NED SACKTOR,
BRUCE A. COHEN, JAMES T. BECKER, AND ERIC N. MILLER
13 Literacy and cognitive decline among ethnically diverse elders 219
JENNIFER J. MANLY, NICOLE SCHUPF, MING-XIN TANG,
CHRISTOPHER C. WEISS, AND YAAKOV STERN
14 Brain reserve and risk of dementia: Findings from the Nun Study 237
JAMES A. MORTIMER, DAVID A. SNOWDON, AND
WILLIAM R. MARKESBERY
15 Imaging cognitive reserve 251
YAAKOV STERN
16 Cognitive reserve in healthy aging and Alzheimer disease: Evidence
for compensatory reorganization of brain networks 265
CHERYL L. GRADY
Contents ix
17 A neurocognitive overview of aging phenomena based on the event-
related brain potential (ERP) 285
DAVID FRIEDMAN
18 Adult neurogenesis and regeneration in the brain 305
YEVGENIA KOZOROVITSKIY AND ELIZABETH GOULD
Author index 327
Subject index 332
List of figures
3.1 Major lifetime antecedents of cognitive reserve in the British 1946
birth cohort (adapted from Richards Sacker, 2003). 41
3.2 A proposed life course model of cognitive reserve (from Richards
Deary, 2005). 44
4.1 Developmental model of brain reserve capacity (BRC) and
cognitive reserve capacity (CRC) showing mediated and
moderated relations. 56
5.1 (A) TICV growth plots by age, and (B) TBV growth plots that
mirror TICV. Used with permission from Courchesne et al.
(2000). 87
5.2 Neuroimaging depiction of cerebral atrophy in sequential series
of scans. 90
5.3 3-D ventricular reconstruction depicting TBI-induced ventricular
expansion compared to the age-matched control subject. 91
5.4 Plotting VBR by age. 92
5.5 The inexorable decline in some cognitive functions plotted over
the lifespan. From Salthouse (2004). 97
5.6 (A) The longer the duration of epilepsy, the greater the level of
cognitive impairment. (B) The effect is lessened in those with
greater education when compared to those with less education.
Used with permission from Oyegbile et al. (2004). 99
5.7 Hippocampal volume from age 16 to 88 years of age, taken from
Bigler et al. (2002, 1997, 2000). 101
5.8 Graph showing the relationship of errors in maze learning to the
extent of cerebral damage in the rat (from Lashley and Wiley,
1933). 105
6.1 Cognitive reserve in degenerative disease: The traditional
approach to the study of cognitive reserve without pre-disease
cognitive testing. 119
6.2 Electroconvulsive therapy: A pseudoexperimental approach
to the study of cognitive reserve with pre-treatment cognitive
testing in a condition without pre-treatment CNS disease
burden. 122
xii List of figures
6.3 Coronary artery bypass grafting: A pseudoexperimental
approach to the study of cognitive reserve with pre-treatment
cognitive testing in a condition with possible pre-treatment CNS
disease burden. 126
7.1 CR and cognitive decline in potentially dementing conditions. 135
13.1 Length of school year in North Carolina, South Carolina, and
New York from 1910 to 1943. Source: United States Department
of Health, Education, and Welfare Office of Education. 222
13.2 Change in Selective Reminding Test total recall score over time. 225
13.3 Change in Selective Reminding Test delayed recall score over time. 225
14.1 Distributions of head circumference in the sample of 294
participants. 240
14.2 Distribution of educational attainment in the sample of 294
participants. 241
14.3 Percentage of individuals who were demented in six groups
defined by educational attainment and head circumference tertile. 241
15.1 Hypothetical relationship between task demand and task-related
activation. 253
15.2 Voxel-wise multiple regression of cognitive reserve variable
against the change in activation from the low to the titrated
demand condition for the age groups in voxel. 260
16.1 Brain areas where activity during object encoding was
significantly correlated with activity in right hippocampus and
with subsequent recognition performance in young adults (A) and
old adults (B) are shown on standard magnetic resonance images.
Data are from Grady, Mclntosh, and Craik (2003). 269
16.2 Brain areas where activity is associated with better task
performance in mildly demented AD patients during semantic
and episodic memory tasks and a face working memory task.
Data are from Grady et al. (2003) and Grady, Furey, Pietrini,
Horwitz, and Rapoport (2001). 274
17.1 Schematic diagram of the construction of the recency recognition
paradigm. 288
17.2 Grand mean ERPs elicited by correctly identified recency trials in
three groups of participants. 289
17.3 Schematic diagram of the working memory paradigm for both
the delayed matching to sample (DMS) and updating (UT) tasks. 291
17.4 Grand mean ERPs averaged across subjects within each age
group elicited by the 1st, 3rd, and 4th digits in the delayed
matching to sample (DMS) task, and by the 1st, 4th, and 5th
digits during the updating task (UT). Modified from Gaeta et al.
(unpublished manuscript). 292
17.5 Grand mean reaction times for the young and old adults
associated with the standards preceding (1 before) and following
(1 after) the environmental sound switch cue. 294
List of figures xiii
17.6 (A) Grand mean ERPs averaged across subjects within the young
and old age groups. (B) The surface potential scalp topographies
associated with each of these events are presented below the
corresponding young and old waveforms. (C) Grand mean
averaged voltages, measured between 600 and 700 ms post-
stimulus, associated with the ERP waveforms illustrated in (A). 295
17.7 Schematic diagram of the task-switching paradigm. 296
17.8 (A) Grand mean reaction time for the trial preceding the switch
(switch -1), the switch trial (switch), the trial following the switch
(switch +1) during switch blocks and for no switch blocks. (B)
Grand mean ERPs corresponding to the reaction time data
depicted in (A). 297
18.1 Three types of compensatory neurogenesis in the adult
mammalian brain. Gould and Tanapat (1997); Kernie, Erwin,
and Parada (2001); Magavi and Macklis (2002). 308
18.2 (A) A feed-forward neural system damaged at a specific level. (B)
New neurons from proliferating precursors restore the system to
its original state. (C) New neurons from proliferating precursors
restore the system to a novel state that could be functionally
similar to (B). 312
18.3 Some hormonal and environmental modulators of adult
neurogenesis. 316
List of tables
2.1 Summary of heritability estimates of cognitive functions 13-14
8.1 Characteristics of the study sample (n = 1241) 148
8.2 Characteristics of the study sample by early life physical activity
(« = 1241) 149
8.3 Associations between early life physical activity and cognition for
the total study sample (n = 1241) 150
8.4 Associations between early life physical activity and cognition,
separately for men (n = 604) and women (n = 637) 150
9.1 Lifetime cognitive activity scale 165 166
12.1 Descriptive statistics of HIV morbidity and mortality (with
additional 5-year follow-up data) 211
12.2 Results of Cox proportional hazards model, adjusting for
concurrent predictors (with additional 5-year follow-up data) 212
13.1 Adjusted Cox model showing relative risk for incident dementia
among 1192 participants 226
13.2 Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals relating years of
education and reading level to incident dementia. The models are
adjusted for age, gender, and ethnicity, and are based on a sample
of 1192 participants 227
14.1 Results of hierarchical logistic regression analysis predicting
dementia from educational attainment and head circumference,
and their interaction (N = 291) 242
14.2 Odds ratios and prevalence of dementia in groups defined by
educational attainment and head circumference (A' = 294) 242
14.3 Results of multiple logistic regression analysis showing odds
ratios of satisfaction of neuropathological criteria for
Alzheimer's disease related to educational attainment and
head circumference (N = 60) 243
18.1 Regulation of adult neurogenesis in the intact brain 314 |
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classification_rvk | CZ 1340 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)69672803 (DE-599)BSZ263138275 |
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id | DE-604.BV035105065 |
illustrated | Not Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-02T22:15:35Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:22:19Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9781841694740 1841694746 |
language | English |
lccn | 006016532 |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016772989 |
oclc_num | 69672803 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
owner_facet | DE-19 DE-BY-UBM |
physical | XXI, 344 S. |
publishDate | 2007 |
publishDateSearch | 2007 |
publishDateSort | 2007 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | marc |
series2 | Studies on neuropsychology, neurology, and cognition |
spelling | Cognitive reserve theory and applications ed. by Yaakov Stern New York [u.a.] Taylor & Francis 2007 XXI, 344 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Studies on neuropsychology, neurology, and cognition Includes index Bewustzijnsstoornissen gtt Cognition, Troubles de la - Diagnostic Hersenen gtt Neuropsychologie Pathologische fysiologie gtt Veroudering (biologie, psychologie) gtt Ziekte van Alzheimer gtt Cognition disorders / Diagnosis Neuropsychology Cognition Disorders / diagnosis Aging / physiology Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis Brain / physiology Brain Injuries / physiopathology Cognition / physiology Neuropsychological Tests Stern, Yaakov Sonstige (DE-588)136441467 oth HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016772989&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Cognitive reserve theory and applications Bewustzijnsstoornissen gtt Cognition, Troubles de la - Diagnostic Hersenen gtt Neuropsychologie Pathologische fysiologie gtt Veroudering (biologie, psychologie) gtt Ziekte van Alzheimer gtt Cognition disorders / Diagnosis Neuropsychology Cognition Disorders / diagnosis Aging / physiology Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis Brain / physiology Brain Injuries / physiopathology Cognition / physiology Neuropsychological Tests |
title | Cognitive reserve theory and applications |
title_auth | Cognitive reserve theory and applications |
title_exact_search | Cognitive reserve theory and applications |
title_exact_search_txtP | Cognitive reserve theory and applications |
title_full | Cognitive reserve theory and applications ed. by Yaakov Stern |
title_fullStr | Cognitive reserve theory and applications ed. by Yaakov Stern |
title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive reserve theory and applications ed. by Yaakov Stern |
title_short | Cognitive reserve |
title_sort | cognitive reserve theory and applications |
title_sub | theory and applications |
topic | Bewustzijnsstoornissen gtt Cognition, Troubles de la - Diagnostic Hersenen gtt Neuropsychologie Pathologische fysiologie gtt Veroudering (biologie, psychologie) gtt Ziekte van Alzheimer gtt Cognition disorders / Diagnosis Neuropsychology Cognition Disorders / diagnosis Aging / physiology Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis Brain / physiology Brain Injuries / physiopathology Cognition / physiology Neuropsychological Tests |
topic_facet | Bewustzijnsstoornissen Cognition, Troubles de la - Diagnostic Hersenen Neuropsychologie Pathologische fysiologie Veroudering (biologie, psychologie) Ziekte van Alzheimer Cognition disorders / Diagnosis Neuropsychology Cognition Disorders / diagnosis Aging / physiology Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis Brain / physiology Brain Injuries / physiopathology Cognition / physiology Neuropsychological Tests |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016772989&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT sternyaakov cognitivereservetheoryandapplications |