The Arapaho language:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Boulder [u.a.]
Univ. Press of Colorado
2008
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Includes bibliographical references (p. 501-504) and index |
| Beschreibung: | XVII, 519 S. |
| ISBN: | 9780870819018 0870819011 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Cowell, Andrew |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a The Arapaho language |c Andrew Cowell |
| 264 | 1 | |a Boulder [u.a.] |b Univ. Press of Colorado |c 2008 | |
| 300 | |a XVII, 519 S. | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Includes bibliographical references (p. 501-504) and index | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Arapaho language / Grammar | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Grammatik | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Arapaho language |x Grammar | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804138046088544256 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | A/495695 THE ARAPAHO LANGUAGE ANDREW COWELL, WITH ALONZO MOSS SR.
UNIVERSITY PRESS OF COLORADO CONTENTS PREFACE LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
INTRODUCTION XM XV 1 1 THE ARAPAHO PEOPLE AND THE SOCIAL CONTEXTS OF THE
ARAPAHO LANGUAGE 1 2 THE AIMS AND PURPOSES OF THIS GRAMMAR 4 3 THE
ARAPAHO LANGUAGE SOURCES USED 4 4 GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO THE STRUCTURE
OF THE ARAPAHO LANGUAGE 7 5 ORGANIZATION OF THE GRAMMAR 12 PHONOLOGY 1.
PHONOLOGY 13 1.1 PHONEMES AND PHONOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS 13 1.2
INTERMORPHEMIC RULES 16 1.3 PITCH ACCENT 22 1.4 NOTES ON PHONOLOGICAL
ANALYSES IN THE REMAINDER OF THE GRAMMAR 49 CONTENTS
MORPHOLOGY*INFLECTION 2. INFLECTION*NOUNS 2.1 PRELIMINARY: ANIMACY AND
INANIMACY 2.2 PLURALS 2.3 OBVIATION 2.4 NOUN/VERB AGREEMENT 2.5
POSSESSION 2.6 VOCATIVE 2.7 LOCATIVE 3. INFLECTION*VERBS 3.1
PRELIMINARY: INITIAL CHANGE 3.2 AFFIRMATIVE ORDER 3.3 NON-AFFIRMATIVE
ORDER 3.4 IMPERATIVE ORDER 3.5 CONJUNCT ORDER 3.6 TENSE AND ASPECT 3.7
TENSE, ASPECT, AND NEGATION WITH VOWEL-INITIAL STEMS: MORPHO- PHONEMIC
DETAILS 3.8 CONCLUSION MORPHOLOGY*DERIVATION 4. DERIVATION*NOUNS 4.1 THE
BASE NOUN STEM 4.2 DERIVATIONAL SUFFIXES 4.3 GRAMMATICAL INITIALS,
PRENOUNS, AND PROCLITICS USED WITH NOUNS 4.4 OVERALL MORPHOSYNTAX OF THE
NOUN 4.5 DEVERBALISATION PROCESSES 4.6 VERBAL NOUNS 5. DERIVATION*VERB
FINALS 51 51 54 57 59 60 68 70 73 73 75 81 84 86 92 95 96 99 99 104 106
107 108 118 121 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 PRELIMINARY REMARKS: GRAMMATICAL
VS. SEMANTIC TRANSITIVITY 5.3 DERIVATIONAL FINALS 5.4 SECONDARY
DERIVATION AND VALENCE SHIFTING 5.5 PASSIVES 5.6 CAUSATION 5.7 RAPID
ACTION 5.8 MULTIPLE SECONDARY DERIVATIONAL FINALS 5.9 DERIVATION FROM
VERB TO NOUN AND NOUN TO VERB 5.10 SAMPLES OF VARIOUS VERB STEMS BASED
ON THE SAME ROOT 121 123 125 150 151 156 158 159 162 163 CONTENTS 6.
DERIVATION * VERB MEDIALS AND CONCRETE FINALS 165 6.1 INTRODUCTION 165
6.2 OBJECT/UNDERGOER CONSTRUCTION 168 6.3 BODY PART MEDIALS 169 6.4
INSTRUMENTAL CONSTRUCTION 172 6.5 MODE OF ACTION CONSTRUCTION 174 6.6
TOPIC CONSTRUCTION 177 6.7 SENSATION CONSTRUCTION 180 6.8 SELF-SENSATION
CONSTRUCTION 181 6.9 NATURAL FORCES CONSTRUCTION 182 6.10 CONTRASTING
INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT (FINAL) VERBS 183 6.11 DEPENDENT VERB FINALS
WITH NOMINAL-LIKE INITIAL ELEMENTS 184 6.12 ADDITIONAL NOMINAL
INCORPORATIONS 186 6.13 DERIVATION OF ADDITIONAL MEDIALS AND CONCRETE
FINALS FROM VERBS 188 7. DERIVATION * DENOMINALIZATIONS 189 7.1
POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION 189 7.2 HAVE AS A . . . CONSTRUCTION 191 7.3
GATHERING/PRODUCING CONSTRUCTION 192 7.4 PREDICATIVE CONSTRUCTION, TO
BE A . . . 192 7.5 SIMILATIVE CONSTRUCTION, TO BE LIKE A . . . 193
7.6 EXISTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, THERE IS . . .HERE 193 7.7 IMPERSONAL
VERB 194 8. DERIVATION * REDUPLICATION 197 8.1 FORMATION 197 8.2
SEMANTICS OF REDUPLICATION 199 8.3 MULTIPLE REDUPLICATIONS*OF DIFFERENT
MORPHEMES*IN ONE WORD 203 8.4 LEXICALIZED REDUPLICATIONS 204 9.
DERIVATION * PREVERBS AND VERB INITIALS 205 9.1 INTRODUCTION 205 9.2
ASPECT 209 9.3 AUXILIARY/MODAL FORMS 209 9.4 QUALIFIERS, QUANTIFIERS,
INTENSIFIES, AND DELIMITERS 211 9.5 DIRECTION AND LOCATION 213 9.6 TIME
217 9.7 MANNER 218 9.8 GENERAL REMARKS ON THE SEMANTICS OF ARAPAHO
PREVERBS /INITIALS 219 9.9 UNUSUAL VERB INITIAL ROOTS 220 9.10
DERIVATION OF ADDITIONAL PREVERBS AND VERB INITIALS 221 9.11 A
DERIVATIONAL SAMPLE 222 9.12 THE ABSTRACT, DEICTIC DIRECTIONALS 223
CONTENTS 9.13 /ETI/ PREVERB: UNREALIZED ACTIONS IN MAIN CLAUSES 227 9.14
COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES 228 9.15 SEMI-INDEPENDENT DETACHMENT
CONSTRUCTION 231 10. PROCLITICS 233 10.1 INTRODUCTION 233 10.2 PHONOLOGY
234 10.3 MORPHOSYNTAX 235 10.4 SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS 236 10.5.
PROCLITIC/PARTICLE INTERACTION 238 11. USAGE * NON-AFFIRMATIVE ORDER 241
11.1 WH- / SUBSTANTIVE QUESTIONS 241 11.2 OTHER DETAILS OF QUESTION
CONSTRUCTIONS 248 11.3 ADMONITIVE CONSTRUCTION WITH /IBEEXU/ 252 11.4
DESIDERATIVE CONSTRUCTION WITH KOOKOOS* 253 11.5 POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION
WITH /EEBEH/ 253 11.6 HOW . . . ! CONSTRUCTION 253 11.7 WHETHER
CONSTRUCTION: EMBEDDED YES/NO QUESTIONS 254 11.8 PROBABLY CONSTRUCTION
255 11.9 CONTRARY-TO-FACT, NEGATIVE JUDGMENT CONSTRUCTION 256 11.10
SEEMS . . . CONSTRUCTION WITH WOOTII 256 11.11 SHOULD BE KNOWN THAT.
. . CONSTRUCTION WITH WOOCE 257 11.12 EMPHATIC NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTION
257 11.13 I SUPPOSE . . . CONSTRUCTION 257 11.14 ADDITIONAL NEGATIVE
ROOTS, PREVERBS, PROCLITICS, AND PARTICLES 257 11.15 AFFIRMATIVE ORDER
NEGATIVE MARKERS 259 11.16 NARRATIVE PAST TENSE /E IH/ AND OTHER SPECIAL
FEATURES OF NARRATIVE 260 11.17 PERSONAL NAMES 264 11.18 NON-AFFIRMATIVE
INFLECTIONS WITH COMMANDS AND REQUESTS 264 11.19 THE CONCEPT OF IRREALIS
AND UNCERTAINTY IN ARAPAHO 265 12. USAGE * IMPERATIVES AND THE
IMPERATIVE ORDER 271 12.1 LEXICAL IMPERATIVES 271 12.2 USE OF DEICTIC
DIRECTIONALS WITH THE IMPERATIVE . 273 12.3 INDIRECT IMPERATIVES 274
12.4 SUGGESTIVE/POTENTIAL IMPERATIVE 275 12.5 FUTURE IMPERATIVE 277 12.6
CONJUNCT ORDER SEMI-IMPERATIVE/HORTATORY CONSTRUCTION WITH /EETIH/ 279
VM CONTENTS 12.7 IMPERSONAL VERBS AS COMMAND FORMS 279 12.8 PRAGMATIC
PARTICLE TORN AS CONSENT TO COMMANDS OR SUGGESTIONS 280 12.9 FUTURE
TENSE AS IMPERATIVE 281 12.10 IMPERATIVE MORPHOSYNTAX AND SYNTAX 281
12.11 SPECIAL FORMS USED IN PRAYERS 283 13. USAGE * CONJUNCT ORDER 285
13.1 CONJUNCT ORDER, SIMPLE CONJUNCT MODE 285 13.2 CONJUNCT ORDER,
SUBJUNCTIVE MODE 291 13.3 CONJUNCT ORDER, ITERATIVE MODE 294 14. THE
NOUN PHRASE 301 14.1 ADJECTIVAL MODIFICATION 301 14.2 DEMONSTRATIVES 306
14.3 PRESENTATIONAL CONSTRUCTIONS 309 14.4 NOUN SEQUENCES 312 14.5
DEFINITENESS AND INDEFINITENESS 314 14.6 PRONOUNS 319 14.7 NOUN PHRASE
SYNTAX 323 15. THE VERB PHRASE*PARTICLES 325 15.1 GENERAL PARTICLES
326 15.2 LOCATIVE PARTICLES 326 15.3 MULTIPLE PARTICLES TOGETHER 328
15.4 PARTICLE /VERB STEM INTERACTIONS 328 15.5 ADVERBIAL PARTICLES 330
16. THE VERB PHRASE*NOUN-VERB AGREEMENT 349 16.1 PROXIMATES AND
OBVIATIVES 349 16.2 OBJECT-MARKING ON VERB STEMS: A BROADER PERSPECTIVE
354 16.3 TRANSITIVE VS. SEMI-TRANSITIVE STEMS: A TEXT SAMPLE 358 16.4
/TII/ SEMI-TRANSITIVE STEMS 361 16.5 /YEI/ SEMI-TRANSITIVE STEMS 364
16.6 DITRANSITIVE VERBS AND SECONDARY OBJECTS 366 16.7 SECONDARY
DERIVATION TO SHIFT THE OBJECT MARKED ON VERB STEMS 367 16.8 AESTHETIC
AND POETIC FACTORS IN MARKING ARGUMENTS ON THE VERB 370 17. THE VERB
PHRASE*SUBORDINATE CLAUSES 373 17.1 RELATIVE CLAUSES 3 73 17.2 ADVERBIAL
CLAUSES 384 17.3 COMPLEMENT CLAUSES 390 CONTENTS 17.4 RELATIVE ROOTS /
PREVERBS AND INDEPENDENT VERBS 395 17.5
RELATIVIZER/COMPLEMENTIZER/ADVERBIAL CLAUSE MARKERS /TOH/ AND /TIH/ 396
18. SYNTAX*MAIN CLAUSES AND SENTENCE-LEVEL 399 18.1 NP OCCURRENCE IN
MAIN CLAUSES 400 18.2 MARKED SYNTACTIC ORDER: NP-V 400 18.3 PRAGMATIC
SALIENCY AS DETERMINING FACTOR FOR PREPOSED NPS 403 18.4 LEFT
DISLOCATION AND APPOSITION 405 18.5 SHFTING FROM FOCUSED TO UNFOCUSED
POSITION 406 18.6 TENDENCIES IN NP OCCURRENCE AND PLACEMENT 407 18.7
CLAUSES WITH TWO NPS 410 18.8 COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE: A TEXT FROM JOHN
GOGGLES (1883-1952) 413 18.9 WORD ORDER AND FOCUS: BEYOND NPS 415 18.10
SYNTAX OF SUBORDINATE CLAUSES 416 18.11 DISCONTINUOUS CONSTITUENTS 422
18.12 CLEFT CONSTRUCTIONS 423 18.13 APPOSITIONS /PSEUDO-CLEFTS, AND
RIGHT DISLOCATION 425 18.14 COPULATIVES 426 18.15 MULTI-VERB SERIAL
SEQUENCES 429 19. DISCOURSE-LEVEL FEATURES 431 19.1 PRESENTATIONAL
PARTICLES 431 19.2 PRAGMATIC PARTICLE WOHEI 439 19.3 PRAGMATIC PARTICLE
NOHUUSOHO AND OTHER SUMMATIONAL DEVICES 440 19.4 SEQUENTIAL PREVERB
/E NE I / OR NE I/ 440 19.5 SEQUENCING PARTICLES 441 19.6 EMPHATIC AND
GENDERED PARTICLES AND PROCLITICS 443 19.7 EMPHATIC CITATIONAL FORM 448
19.8 GREETINGS AND DEPARTURES 449 19.9 SUBSTITUTIONARY/PAUSAL PARTICLES
449 20. NUMBERS, COUNTING, TIMES, AND DATES 451 20.1 COUNT NUMBERS 451
20.2 BASIC AI/II NUMBER VERBS 452 20.3 ORDINAL NUMBERS 454 20.4
GROUP-COUNT FORMS 455 20.5 SPECIAL DERIVATIONAL NOMINAL SUFFIX FOR
NUMBER OF DAYS 455 20.6 SPECIAL NUMBER PREVERB FOR NUMBERS USED AS
SUBSTANTIVES 456 20.7 NUMBER PARTICLES 456 20.8 THE SEMANTICS OF
COUNTING IN ARAPAHO 456 20.9 TIMES AND DATES 457 CONTENTS 21. VARIATION
IN ARAPAHO 463 21.1 NORTHERN VS. SOUTHERN ARAPAHO 463 21.2 NORTHERN
ARAPAHO INTERNAL VARIATION 464 21.3 INCIPIENT OBSOLESCENCE AS A SOURCE
OF VARIATION 466 22. BEYOND GRAMMAR APPENDICES VERB TABLES BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX 471 475 479 501 505 XI
|
| adam_txt |
A/495695 THE ARAPAHO LANGUAGE ANDREW COWELL, WITH ALONZO MOSS SR.
UNIVERSITY PRESS OF COLORADO CONTENTS PREFACE LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
INTRODUCTION XM XV 1 1 THE ARAPAHO PEOPLE AND THE SOCIAL CONTEXTS OF THE
ARAPAHO LANGUAGE 1 2 THE AIMS AND PURPOSES OF THIS GRAMMAR 4 3 THE
ARAPAHO LANGUAGE SOURCES USED 4 4 GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO THE STRUCTURE
OF THE ARAPAHO LANGUAGE 7 5 ORGANIZATION OF THE GRAMMAR 12 PHONOLOGY 1.
PHONOLOGY 13 1.1 PHONEMES AND PHONOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS 13 1.2
INTERMORPHEMIC RULES 16 1.3 PITCH ACCENT 22 1.4 NOTES ON PHONOLOGICAL
ANALYSES IN THE REMAINDER OF THE GRAMMAR 49 CONTENTS
MORPHOLOGY*INFLECTION 2. INFLECTION*NOUNS 2.1 PRELIMINARY: ANIMACY AND
INANIMACY 2.2 PLURALS 2.3 OBVIATION 2.4 NOUN/VERB AGREEMENT 2.5
POSSESSION 2.6 VOCATIVE 2.7 LOCATIVE 3. INFLECTION*VERBS 3.1
PRELIMINARY: INITIAL CHANGE 3.2 AFFIRMATIVE ORDER 3.3 NON-AFFIRMATIVE
ORDER 3.4 IMPERATIVE ORDER 3.5 CONJUNCT ORDER 3.6 TENSE AND ASPECT 3.7
TENSE, ASPECT, AND NEGATION WITH VOWEL-INITIAL STEMS: MORPHO- PHONEMIC
DETAILS 3.8 CONCLUSION MORPHOLOGY*DERIVATION 4. DERIVATION*NOUNS 4.1 THE
BASE NOUN STEM 4.2 DERIVATIONAL SUFFIXES 4.3 GRAMMATICAL INITIALS,
PRENOUNS, AND PROCLITICS USED WITH NOUNS 4.4 OVERALL MORPHOSYNTAX OF THE
NOUN 4.5 DEVERBALISATION PROCESSES 4.6 VERBAL NOUNS 5. DERIVATION*VERB
FINALS 51 51 54 57 59 60 68 70 73 73 75 81 84 86 92 95 96 99 99 104 106
107 108 118 121 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5.2 PRELIMINARY REMARKS: GRAMMATICAL
VS. SEMANTIC TRANSITIVITY 5.3 DERIVATIONAL FINALS 5.4 SECONDARY
DERIVATION AND VALENCE SHIFTING 5.5 PASSIVES 5.6 CAUSATION 5.7 RAPID
ACTION 5.8 MULTIPLE SECONDARY DERIVATIONAL FINALS 5.9 DERIVATION FROM
VERB TO NOUN AND NOUN TO VERB 5.10 SAMPLES OF VARIOUS VERB STEMS BASED
ON THE SAME ROOT 121 123 125 150 151 156 158 159 162 163 CONTENTS 6.
DERIVATION * VERB MEDIALS AND CONCRETE FINALS 165 6.1 INTRODUCTION 165
6.2 OBJECT/UNDERGOER CONSTRUCTION 168 6.3 BODY PART MEDIALS ' 169 6.4
INSTRUMENTAL CONSTRUCTION 172 6.5 MODE OF ACTION CONSTRUCTION 174 6.6
TOPIC CONSTRUCTION 177 6.7 SENSATION CONSTRUCTION 180 6.8 SELF-SENSATION
CONSTRUCTION 181 6.9 NATURAL FORCES CONSTRUCTION 182 6.10 CONTRASTING
INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT (FINAL) VERBS 183 6.11 DEPENDENT VERB FINALS
WITH NOMINAL-LIKE INITIAL ELEMENTS 184 6.12 ADDITIONAL NOMINAL
INCORPORATIONS 186 6.13 DERIVATION OF ADDITIONAL MEDIALS AND CONCRETE
FINALS FROM VERBS 188 7. DERIVATION * DENOMINALIZATIONS 189 7.1
POSSESSIVE CONSTRUCTION 189 7.2 'HAVE AS A . . .' CONSTRUCTION 191 7.3
GATHERING/PRODUCING CONSTRUCTION 192 7.4 PREDICATIVE CONSTRUCTION, 'TO
BE A . . .' 192 7.5 SIMILATIVE CONSTRUCTION, 'TO BE LIKE A . . .' 193
7.6 EXISTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, 'THERE IS . . .HERE' 193 7.7 IMPERSONAL
VERB 194 8. DERIVATION * REDUPLICATION 197 8.1 FORMATION 197 8.2
SEMANTICS OF REDUPLICATION 199 8.3 MULTIPLE REDUPLICATIONS*OF DIFFERENT
MORPHEMES*IN ONE WORD 203 8.4 LEXICALIZED REDUPLICATIONS 204 9.
DERIVATION * PREVERBS AND VERB INITIALS 205 9.1 INTRODUCTION 205 9.2
ASPECT 209 9.3 AUXILIARY/MODAL FORMS 209 9.4 QUALIFIERS, QUANTIFIERS,
INTENSIFIES, AND DELIMITERS 211 9.5 DIRECTION AND LOCATION 213 9.6 TIME
217 9.7 MANNER 218 9.8 GENERAL REMARKS ON THE SEMANTICS OF ARAPAHO
PREVERBS /INITIALS 219 9.9 UNUSUAL VERB INITIAL ROOTS 220 9.10
DERIVATION OF ADDITIONAL PREVERBS AND VERB INITIALS 221 9.11 A
DERIVATIONAL SAMPLE 222 9.12 THE ABSTRACT, DEICTIC DIRECTIONALS 223
CONTENTS 9.13 /ETI/ PREVERB: UNREALIZED ACTIONS IN MAIN CLAUSES 227 9.14
COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES 228 9.15 SEMI-INDEPENDENT DETACHMENT
CONSTRUCTION 231 10. PROCLITICS 233 10.1 INTRODUCTION 233 10.2 PHONOLOGY
234 10.3 MORPHOSYNTAX 235 10.4 SYNTAX AND SEMANTICS 236 10.5.
PROCLITIC/PARTICLE INTERACTION 238 11. USAGE * NON-AFFIRMATIVE ORDER 241
11.1 WH- / SUBSTANTIVE QUESTIONS 241 11.2 OTHER DETAILS OF QUESTION
CONSTRUCTIONS 248 11.3 ADMONITIVE CONSTRUCTION WITH /IBEEXU/ 252 11.4
DESIDERATIVE CONSTRUCTION WITH KOOKOOS* 253 11.5 POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION
WITH /EEBEH/ 253 11.6 'HOW . . . !' CONSTRUCTION 253 11.7 'WHETHER'
CONSTRUCTION: EMBEDDED YES/NO QUESTIONS 254 11.8'PROBABLY'CONSTRUCTION '
255 11.9 CONTRARY-TO-FACT, NEGATIVE JUDGMENT CONSTRUCTION 256 11.10
'SEEMS . . .' CONSTRUCTION WITH WOOTII 256 11.11 'SHOULD BE KNOWN THAT.
. .' CONSTRUCTION WITH WOOCE' 257 11.12 EMPHATIC NEGATIVE CONSTRUCTION
257 11.13 'I SUPPOSE . . .' CONSTRUCTION 257 11.14 ADDITIONAL NEGATIVE
ROOTS, PREVERBS, PROCLITICS, AND PARTICLES 257 11.15 AFFIRMATIVE ORDER
NEGATIVE MARKERS 259 11.16 NARRATIVE PAST TENSE /E'IH/ AND OTHER SPECIAL
FEATURES OF NARRATIVE 260 11.17 PERSONAL NAMES 264 11.18 NON-AFFIRMATIVE
INFLECTIONS WITH COMMANDS AND REQUESTS 264 11.19 THE CONCEPT OF IRREALIS
AND UNCERTAINTY IN ARAPAHO 265 12. USAGE * IMPERATIVES AND THE
IMPERATIVE ORDER 271 12.1 LEXICAL IMPERATIVES 271 12.2 USE OF DEICTIC
DIRECTIONALS WITH THE IMPERATIVE . 273 12.3 INDIRECT IMPERATIVES 274
12.4 SUGGESTIVE/POTENTIAL IMPERATIVE 275 12.5 FUTURE IMPERATIVE 277 12.6
CONJUNCT ORDER SEMI-IMPERATIVE/HORTATORY CONSTRUCTION WITH /EETIH/ 279
VM CONTENTS 12.7 IMPERSONAL VERBS AS COMMAND FORMS 279 12.8 PRAGMATIC
PARTICLE TORN AS CONSENT TO COMMANDS OR SUGGESTIONS 280 12.9 FUTURE
TENSE AS IMPERATIVE 281 12.10 IMPERATIVE MORPHOSYNTAX AND SYNTAX 281
12.11 SPECIAL FORMS USED IN PRAYERS 283 13. USAGE * CONJUNCT ORDER 285
13.1 CONJUNCT ORDER, SIMPLE CONJUNCT MODE 285 13.2 CONJUNCT ORDER,
SUBJUNCTIVE MODE 291 13.3 CONJUNCT ORDER, ITERATIVE MODE 294 14. THE
NOUN PHRASE 301 14.1 ADJECTIVAL MODIFICATION 301 14.2 DEMONSTRATIVES 306
14.3 PRESENTATIONAL CONSTRUCTIONS 309 14.4 NOUN SEQUENCES 312 14.5
DEFINITENESS AND INDEFINITENESS 314 14.6 PRONOUNS 319 14.7 NOUN PHRASE
SYNTAX ' 323 15. THE VERB PHRASE*PARTICLES 325 15.1 GENERAL PARTICLES
326 15.2 LOCATIVE PARTICLES 326 15.3 MULTIPLE PARTICLES TOGETHER 328
15.4 PARTICLE /VERB STEM INTERACTIONS 328 15.5 ADVERBIAL PARTICLES 330
16. THE VERB PHRASE*NOUN-VERB AGREEMENT 349 16.1 PROXIMATES AND
OBVIATIVES 349 16.2 OBJECT-MARKING ON VERB STEMS: A BROADER PERSPECTIVE
354 16.3 TRANSITIVE VS. SEMI-TRANSITIVE STEMS: A TEXT SAMPLE 358 16.4
/TII/ SEMI-TRANSITIVE STEMS 361 16.5 /YEI/ SEMI-TRANSITIVE STEMS 364
16.6 DITRANSITIVE VERBS AND SECONDARY OBJECTS 366 16.7 SECONDARY
DERIVATION TO SHIFT THE OBJECT MARKED ON VERB STEMS 367 16.8 AESTHETIC
AND POETIC FACTORS IN MARKING ARGUMENTS ON THE VERB 370 17. THE VERB
PHRASE*SUBORDINATE CLAUSES 373 17.1 RELATIVE CLAUSES 3 73 17.2 ADVERBIAL
CLAUSES 384 17.3 COMPLEMENT CLAUSES 390 CONTENTS 17.4 RELATIVE ROOTS /
PREVERBS AND INDEPENDENT VERBS 395 17.5
RELATIVIZER/COMPLEMENTIZER/ADVERBIAL CLAUSE MARKERS /TOH/ AND /TIH/ 396
18. SYNTAX*MAIN CLAUSES AND SENTENCE-LEVEL 399 18.1 NP OCCURRENCE IN
MAIN CLAUSES 400 18.2 MARKED SYNTACTIC ORDER: NP-V 400 18.3 PRAGMATIC
SALIENCY AS DETERMINING FACTOR FOR PREPOSED NPS 403 18.4 LEFT
DISLOCATION AND APPOSITION 405 18.5 SHFTING FROM FOCUSED TO UNFOCUSED
POSITION 406 18.6 TENDENCIES IN NP OCCURRENCE AND PLACEMENT 407 18.7
CLAUSES WITH TWO NPS 410 18.8 COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE: A TEXT FROM JOHN
GOGGLES (1883-1952) 413 18.9 WORD ORDER AND FOCUS: BEYOND NPS 415 18.10
SYNTAX OF SUBORDINATE CLAUSES 416 18.11 DISCONTINUOUS CONSTITUENTS 422
18.12 CLEFT CONSTRUCTIONS 423 18.13 APPOSITIONS /PSEUDO-CLEFTS, AND
RIGHT DISLOCATION 425 18.14 COPULATIVES 426 18.15 MULTI-VERB SERIAL
SEQUENCES 429 19. DISCOURSE-LEVEL FEATURES 431 19.1 PRESENTATIONAL
PARTICLES 431 19.2 PRAGMATIC PARTICLE WOHEI 439 19.3 PRAGMATIC PARTICLE
NOHUUSOHO' AND OTHER SUMMATIONAL DEVICES 440 19.4 SEQUENTIAL PREVERB
/E'NE'I'/ OR 'NE'I/ 440 19.5 SEQUENCING PARTICLES 441 19.6 EMPHATIC AND
GENDERED PARTICLES AND PROCLITICS 443 19.7 EMPHATIC CITATIONAL FORM 448
19.8 GREETINGS AND DEPARTURES 449 19.9 SUBSTITUTIONARY/PAUSAL PARTICLES
449 20. NUMBERS, COUNTING, TIMES, AND DATES 451 20.1 COUNT NUMBERS 451
20.2 BASIC AI/II NUMBER VERBS 452 20.3 ORDINAL NUMBERS 454 20.4
GROUP-COUNT FORMS 455 20.5 SPECIAL DERIVATIONAL NOMINAL SUFFIX FOR
'NUMBER OF DAYS' 455 20.6 SPECIAL NUMBER PREVERB FOR NUMBERS USED AS
SUBSTANTIVES 456 20.7 NUMBER PARTICLES 456 20.8 THE SEMANTICS OF
COUNTING IN ARAPAHO 456 20.9 TIMES AND DATES 457 CONTENTS 21. VARIATION
IN ARAPAHO 463 21.1 NORTHERN VS. SOUTHERN ARAPAHO 463 21.2 NORTHERN
ARAPAHO INTERNAL VARIATION 464 21.3 INCIPIENT OBSOLESCENCE AS A SOURCE
OF VARIATION 466 22. BEYOND GRAMMAR APPENDICES VERB TABLES BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX 471 475 479 501 505 XI |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Cowell, Andrew |
| author_facet | Cowell, Andrew |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Cowell, Andrew |
| author_variant | a c ac |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035089720 |
| callnumber-first | P - Language and Literature |
| callnumber-label | PM635 |
| callnumber-raw | PM635 |
| callnumber-search | PM635 |
| callnumber-sort | PM 3635 |
| callnumber-subject | PM - Hyperborean, Indian, and Artificial Languages |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)180755627 (DE-599)BVBBV035089720 |
| dewey-full | 497/.354 |
| dewey-hundreds | 400 - Language |
| dewey-ones | 497 - North American native languages |
| dewey-raw | 497/.354 |
| dewey-search | 497/.354 |
| dewey-sort | 3497 3354 |
| dewey-tens | 490 - Other languages |
| discipline | Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen |
| discipline_str_mv | Außereuropäische Sprachen und Literaturen |
| format | Book |
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| id | DE-604.BV035089720 |
| illustrated | Not Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T22:10:10Z |
| indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:21:57Z |
| institution | BVB |
| isbn | 9780870819018 0870819011 |
| language | English |
| oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016757859 |
| oclc_num | 180755627 |
| open_access_boolean | |
| owner | DE-12 |
| owner_facet | DE-12 |
| physical | XVII, 519 S. |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateSearch | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| publisher | Univ. Press of Colorado |
| record_format | marc |
| spelling | Cowell, Andrew Verfasser aut The Arapaho language Andrew Cowell Boulder [u.a.] Univ. Press of Colorado 2008 XVII, 519 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Includes bibliographical references (p. 501-504) and index Arapaho language / Grammar Grammatik Arapaho language Grammar Arapaho (DE-588)4068795-8 gnd rswk-swf Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd rswk-swf Arapaho (DE-588)4068795-8 s Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 s DE-604 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016757859&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Cowell, Andrew The Arapaho language Arapaho language / Grammar Grammatik Arapaho language Grammar Arapaho (DE-588)4068795-8 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4068795-8 (DE-588)4021806-5 |
| title | The Arapaho language |
| title_auth | The Arapaho language |
| title_exact_search | The Arapaho language |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The Arapaho language |
| title_full | The Arapaho language Andrew Cowell |
| title_fullStr | The Arapaho language Andrew Cowell |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Arapaho language Andrew Cowell |
| title_short | The Arapaho language |
| title_sort | the arapaho language |
| topic | Arapaho language / Grammar Grammatik Arapaho language Grammar Arapaho (DE-588)4068795-8 gnd Grammatik (DE-588)4021806-5 gnd |
| topic_facet | Arapaho language / Grammar Grammatik Arapaho language Grammar Arapaho |
| url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016757859&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cowellandrew thearapaholanguage |