Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski: ok. 844 - 894
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
---|---|
Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | Polish |
Veröffentlicht: |
Kraków
Avalon
2008
|
Ausgabe: | Wyd. 1. |
Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Abstract |
Beschreibung: | Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Svatopluk I |
Beschreibung: | 228 S. Kt. |
ISBN: | 9788360448489 |
Internformat
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski |b ok. 844 - 894 |c Witold Chrzanowski |
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264 | 1 | |a Kraków |b Avalon |c 2008 | |
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500 | |a Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Svatopluk I | ||
600 | 1 | 4 | |a Svatopluk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> |
600 | 1 | 4 | |a Svatopulk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> |
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650 | 4 | |a Geschichte | |
651 | 4 | |a Moravia (Czech Republic) |x History |y To 906 | |
651 | 4 | |a Moravia (Czech Republic) |x Kings and rulers |v Biography | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
_version_ | 1804138038472736768 |
---|---|
adam_text | SPIS TREŚCI
ROZDZIAŁ
1
GRÓB
12/59
-
HIPOTEZA KOSZTEM PROLOGU NAPISANA
7
ROZDZIAŁ
2
RÓD KSIĄŻĄT MORAWSKICH
15
ROZDZIAŁ
3
REGNUM
ZVENTIBOLDIl
LITURGIA SŁOWIAŃSKA
33
ROZDZIAŁ
4
WASAL, KTÓRY ZOSTAŁ PANEM
41
ROZDZIAŁ
5
DROGA CHWAŁY
57
Przyłączenie Czech
-
książę Borzywoj
57
Panna młoda
68
Książę na Wiślech silny wielce
73
Najazd Świętopełka
-
chrzest księcia Wiślan
86
ROZDZIAŁ
6
W POSZUKIWANIU STOLICY ŚWIĘTOPEŁKA
99
Nitra
Д9
Mikulčice
103
Staré Město
-
Uherské Hradiště
109
Legenda o Velehradzie
111
Devín
115
Grody - siedziby władzy
118
5
ROZDZIAŁ
7
PRYWATNY ŻYWOT KSIĘCIA
121
Zalety i wady charakteru
121
Rodzina
-
synowie
126
Związki małżeńskie (i nie tylko)
135
ROZDZIAŁ
8
KRÓL MORAWSKI
145
Świętopełk i metody
145
Wojna w Panonii
151
Korona królewska
162
Granice wielkich moraw
166
Ostatnia wojna
178
Legenda o śmierci króla
188
SUMMARY
203
MAPY
206
WYKAZ LITERATURY CYTOWANEJ
209
INDEKS NAZW OSOBOWYCH I GEOGRAFICZNYCH
217
Witold Chrzanowski
Svatopluk
I
The Great King of Great Moravia
Summary
The rising power of Great Moravia is inextricably related to the
reign of the prince and from at least
885
the king
Svatopluk
I the
Great. This monarch appears in the years
862-864
as the ruler of
the Principality of
Nitra,
however under the suzerainty of
Rastislav,
the sovereign of Great Moravia. Together they asked the Byzantine
Emperor for baptism which took place after the arrival in Moravia of
Constantine
(Cyril) and Methodius, Byzantine Greek brothers born
in
Thessaloniki.
Future Moravian archbishop Methodius was carry¬
ing out his mission in
Svatopluk
s
Principality.
Archaeological and anthropological research as well as rene¬
wed search query conducted in the recent years has made it possi¬
ble to say that the remains of this great monarch lie most probably
in the tomb located in necropolis
Sady
in
Uherské Hradiště
mar¬
ked as
12/59.
His first wife, Czech princess Sventozizna, was buried
with him within the mausoleum of Mojmir. Genetic research has
shown close relation between the dead one from tomb
12/59,
whom
we see as
Svatopluk,
and
Bořivoj
buried in Prague in tomb Kl. It
can be concluded from these analyses that both dukes were cogna¬
te. Whether
Bořivoj
was sent to Prague by
Svatopluk
the prince of
Moravia, as the Legent of Christian and the Legend of hermit Ivan
could suggest, is still an open question. However, it is likely that the
Premyslids arrived in Moravia.
As a result of invasion on Moravia carried out by
Carloman,
the Duke of Bavaria, in
869
Rastislav
was forced into submission.
203
Subsequently, betrayed by
Svatopluk
he lost his throne.
Svatopluk
kept in Bavaria became a prisoner of his own ambition. Meanwhile,
the Frankish Empire started the process of making Moravia com¬
pletely dependent. In
871
Moravians elected prince
Slavomír
and
he allied himself with
Svatopluk
leading the Bavarian army. Armed
forces of German margraves William and
Engelschalk
were taken by
surprise and totally annihilated and
Svatopluk
became a sovereign
ruler in Moravia. In
874
peace was concluded between him and the
empire in Forchheim. Marrying Czech princess enabled
Svatopluk
to make more territorial claims, land on the Vltava. In
872
Czech
dukes Svetislav, Witislav, Herman, Spytimir and Mojslaw and sent
to Prague
Bořivoj
offered determined resistance to German inva¬
sion. Sources, including
Annales Fuldenses,
indicate that such atti¬
tude was inspired by the ruler of Moravia. Approximately in
875
Czech accepted his suzerainty.
In the years
875-879
Svatopluk
came into conflict with a pagan
duke ruling from his capital on the Vistula River, probably Cracow,
and in consequence the
Vistulan
duke was forced to accept baptism
in the Slavic rite. Those events are mentioned in Life of St Methodius
and can be proven by distinct archeological remnants (rotunda on
Gromnik Mountain, settlement Naszacowice). In the years
882-884
tension in the area of Danube borderline was rising,
Svatopluk
inva¬
ded
Pannonia
and in
884
he gained a victory over Bavarian margra¬
ves ofWilhelminer dynasty. Northern part of
Pannonia
was integra¬
ted into the Great Moravian Empire.
After death of Methodius, which is placed on
5
April
885,
Svatopluk
abandoned the Slavic rite and chose the Latin one. Due
to this change Pope Stephen VI gave his assent to coronation that
year. Short period of peace in the following years made it possible
for
Svatopluk
to reinforce the country internally. Moravian stron¬
gholds such as
Uherské Hradiště, Mikulčice
and
Nitra
were exten¬
ded.
Olomouc
and
Znojmo
were developed. Frescos depicting rulers
of Great Moravia such as
Rastislav, Svatopluk
and Mojmir II can
204
be found in rotunda in
Znojmo,
which was raised by duke Conrad
II of Premyslid Dynasty. There is polemics whether
Velehrad,
the
legendary capital of Great Moravia, so far identified with
Uherské
Hradiště
should not be identified with the remains of a stronghold at
the feet of Naklo mountain near Rohatec. Neighbouring
Mikulčice
allow such presumption. However, identifying the buried man in
tomb
12/59
with
Svatopluk
is in opposition to this hypothesis.
In the final years of king
s
reign, empire s forces under the le¬
adership of
Arnulf
of Carinthia, a new emperor, invaded Great
Moravia again. It took place in
892
and Hungarian princes
Arpad
and
Kuszán
were Bavarian allies.
Svatopluk
successfully fended off
the invaders and moved into counteroffensive.
Svatopluk
died in
894,
which is confirmed by most sources.
Czech chronicler mentions a legend which says that
Svatopluk
aban¬
doned his crown and went into a monastery on Zobor mounta¬
in towering above
Nitra,
which had been founded by him. There,
unrecognizable, he died. The legend became more probable after
identifying the dead man from tomb
12/59,
as the king was buried
in clothes of a clergyman. Mojmir II translated his fathers remains
to
Velehrad.
Translated by Joanna
Szeremet
|
adam_txt |
SPIS TREŚCI
ROZDZIAŁ
1
GRÓB
12/59
-
HIPOTEZA KOSZTEM PROLOGU NAPISANA
7
ROZDZIAŁ
2
RÓD KSIĄŻĄT MORAWSKICH
15
ROZDZIAŁ
3
REGNUM
ZVENTIBOLDIl
LITURGIA SŁOWIAŃSKA
33
ROZDZIAŁ
4
WASAL, KTÓRY ZOSTAŁ PANEM
41
ROZDZIAŁ
5
DROGA CHWAŁY
57
Przyłączenie Czech
-
książę Borzywoj
57
Panna młoda
68
Książę na Wiślech silny wielce
73
Najazd Świętopełka
-
chrzest księcia Wiślan
86
ROZDZIAŁ
6
W POSZUKIWANIU STOLICY ŚWIĘTOPEŁKA
99
Nitra
Д9
Mikulčice
103
Staré Město
-
Uherské Hradiště
109
Legenda o Velehradzie
111
Devín
115
Grody - siedziby władzy
118
5
ROZDZIAŁ
7
PRYWATNY ŻYWOT KSIĘCIA
121
Zalety i wady charakteru
121
Rodzina
-
synowie
126
Związki małżeńskie (i nie tylko)
135
ROZDZIAŁ
8
KRÓL MORAWSKI
145
Świętopełk i metody
145
"Wojna w Panonii
151
Korona królewska
162
Granice wielkich moraw
166
Ostatnia wojna
178
Legenda o śmierci króla
188
SUMMARY
203
MAPY
206
WYKAZ LITERATURY CYTOWANEJ
209
INDEKS NAZW OSOBOWYCH I GEOGRAFICZNYCH
217
Witold Chrzanowski
Svatopluk
I
The Great King of Great Moravia
Summary
The rising power of Great Moravia is inextricably related to the
reign of the prince and from at least
885
the king
Svatopluk
I the
Great. This monarch appears in the years
862-864
as the ruler of
the Principality of
Nitra,
however under the suzerainty of
Rastislav,
the sovereign of Great Moravia. Together they asked the Byzantine
Emperor for baptism which took place after the arrival in Moravia of
Constantine
(Cyril) and Methodius, Byzantine Greek brothers born
in
Thessaloniki.
Future Moravian archbishop Methodius was carry¬
ing out his mission in
Svatopluk
s
Principality.
Archaeological and anthropological research as well as rene¬
wed search query conducted in the recent years has made it possi¬
ble to say that the remains of this great monarch lie most probably
in the tomb located in necropolis
Sady
in
Uherské Hradiště
mar¬
ked as
12/59.
His first wife, Czech princess Sventozizna, was buried
with him within the mausoleum of Mojmir. Genetic research has
shown close relation between the dead one from tomb
12/59,
whom
we see as
Svatopluk,
and
Bořivoj
buried in Prague in tomb Kl. It
can be concluded from these analyses that both dukes were cogna¬
te. Whether
Bořivoj
was sent to Prague by
Svatopluk
the prince of
Moravia, as the Legent of Christian and the Legend of hermit Ivan
could suggest, is still an open question. However, it is likely that the
Premyslids arrived in Moravia.
As a result of invasion on Moravia carried out by
Carloman,
the Duke of Bavaria, in
869
Rastislav
was forced into submission.
203
Subsequently, betrayed by
Svatopluk
he lost his throne.
Svatopluk
kept in Bavaria became a prisoner of his own ambition. Meanwhile,
the Frankish Empire started the process of making Moravia com¬
pletely dependent. In
871
Moravians elected prince
Slavomír
and
he allied himself with
Svatopluk
leading the Bavarian army. Armed
forces of German margraves William and
Engelschalk
were taken by
surprise and totally annihilated and
Svatopluk
became a sovereign
ruler in Moravia. In
874
peace was concluded between him and the
empire in Forchheim. Marrying Czech princess enabled
Svatopluk
to make more territorial claims, land on the Vltava. In
872
Czech
dukes Svetislav, Witislav, Herman, Spytimir and Mojslaw and sent
to Prague
Bořivoj
offered determined resistance to German inva¬
sion. Sources, including
Annales Fuldenses,
indicate that such atti¬
tude was inspired by the ruler of Moravia. Approximately in
875
Czech accepted his suzerainty.
In the years
875-879
Svatopluk
came into conflict with a pagan
duke ruling from his capital on the Vistula River, probably Cracow,
and in consequence the
Vistulan
duke was forced to accept baptism
in the Slavic rite. Those events are mentioned in Life of St Methodius
and can be proven by distinct archeological remnants (rotunda on
Gromnik Mountain, settlement Naszacowice). In the years
882-884
tension in the area of Danube borderline was rising,
Svatopluk
inva¬
ded
Pannonia
and in
884
he gained a victory over Bavarian margra¬
ves ofWilhelminer dynasty. Northern part of
Pannonia
was integra¬
ted into the Great Moravian Empire.
After death of Methodius, which is placed on
5
April
885,
Svatopluk
abandoned the Slavic rite and chose the Latin one. Due
to this change Pope Stephen VI gave his assent to coronation that
year. Short period of peace in the following years made it possible
for
Svatopluk
to reinforce the country internally. Moravian stron¬
gholds such as
Uherské Hradiště, Mikulčice
and
Nitra
were exten¬
ded.
Olomouc
and
Znojmo
were developed. Frescos depicting rulers
of Great Moravia such as
Rastislav, Svatopluk
and Mojmir II can
204
be found in rotunda in
Znojmo,
which was raised by duke Conrad
II of Premyslid Dynasty. There is polemics whether
Velehrad,
the
legendary capital of Great Moravia, so far identified with
Uherské
Hradiště
should not be identified with the remains of a stronghold at
the feet of Naklo mountain near Rohatec. Neighbouring
Mikulčice
allow such presumption. However, identifying the buried man in
tomb
12/59
with
Svatopluk
is in opposition to this hypothesis.
In the final years of king
s
reign, empire's forces under the le¬
adership of
Arnulf
of Carinthia, a new emperor, invaded Great
Moravia again. It took place in
892
and Hungarian princes
Arpad
and
Kuszán
were Bavarian allies.
Svatopluk
successfully fended off
the invaders and moved into counteroffensive.
Svatopluk
died in
894,
which is confirmed by most sources.
Czech chronicler mentions a legend which says that
Svatopluk
aban¬
doned his crown and went into a monastery on Zobor mounta¬
in towering above
Nitra,
which had been founded by him. There,
unrecognizable, he died. The legend became more probable after
identifying the dead man from tomb
12/59,
as the king was buried
in clothes of a clergyman. Mojmir II translated his fathers remains
to
Velehrad.
Translated by Joanna
Szeremet |
any_adam_object | 1 |
any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
author | Chrzanowski, Witold 1963- |
author_GND | (DE-588)1125908084 |
author_facet | Chrzanowski, Witold 1963- |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Chrzanowski, Witold 1963- |
author_variant | w c wc |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV035084566 |
callnumber-first | D - World History |
callnumber-label | DB2391 |
callnumber-raw | DB2391.S93 |
callnumber-search | DB2391.S93 |
callnumber-sort | DB 42391 S93 |
callnumber-subject | DB - Austria, Liechtenstein, Hungary, Czechoslovakia |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)357575522 (DE-599)BVBBV035084566 |
edition | Wyd. 1. |
format | Book |
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genre_facet | Biografie |
geographic | Moravia (Czech Republic) History To 906 Moravia (Czech Republic) Kings and rulers Biography |
geographic_facet | Moravia (Czech Republic) History To 906 Moravia (Czech Republic) Kings and rulers Biography |
id | DE-604.BV035084566 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
index_date | 2024-07-02T22:08:25Z |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T21:21:50Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 9788360448489 |
language | Polish |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-016752762 |
oclc_num | 357575522 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-12 |
owner_facet | DE-12 |
physical | 228 S. Kt. |
publishDate | 2008 |
publishDateSearch | 2008 |
publishDateSort | 2008 |
publisher | Avalon |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Chrzanowski, Witold 1963- Verfasser (DE-588)1125908084 aut Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 Witold Chrzanowski Wyd. 1. Kraków Avalon 2008 228 S. Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Zsfassung in engl. Sprache u.d.T.: Svatopluk I Svatopluk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> Svatopulk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> Swatopluk I. Mähren, Herzog 830-894 (DE-588)11934209X gnd rswk-swf Geschichte Moravia (Czech Republic) History To 906 Moravia (Czech Republic) Kings and rulers Biography (DE-588)4006804-3 Biografie gnd-content Swatopluk I. Mähren, Herzog 830-894 (DE-588)11934209X p DE-604 Digitalisierung BSBMuenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016752762&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016752762&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract |
spellingShingle | Chrzanowski, Witold 1963- Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 Svatopluk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> Svatopulk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> Swatopluk I. Mähren, Herzog 830-894 (DE-588)11934209X gnd Geschichte |
subject_GND | (DE-588)11934209X (DE-588)4006804-3 |
title | Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 |
title_auth | Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 |
title_exact_search | Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 |
title_exact_search_txtP | Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 |
title_full | Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 Witold Chrzanowski |
title_fullStr | Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 Witold Chrzanowski |
title_full_unstemmed | Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski ok. 844 - 894 Witold Chrzanowski |
title_short | Świętopełk I Wielki król wielkomorawski |
title_sort | swietopelk i wielki krol wielkomorawski ok 844 894 |
title_sub | ok. 844 - 894 |
topic | Svatopluk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> Svatopulk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> Swatopluk I. Mähren, Herzog 830-894 (DE-588)11934209X gnd Geschichte |
topic_facet | Svatopluk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> Svatopulk <Duke of Moravia, d. 894> Swatopluk I. Mähren, Herzog 830-894 Geschichte Moravia (Czech Republic) History To 906 Moravia (Czech Republic) Kings and rulers Biography Biografie |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016752762&sequence=000003&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016752762&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT chrzanowskiwitold swietopełkiwielkikrolwielkomorawskiok844894 |