Sports economics: theory, evidence and policy
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
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| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Butterworth-Heinemann
2009
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Sport management series
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis Klappentext |
| Beschreibung: | XXII, 417 Seiten Illustrationen |
| ISBN: | 9780750683548 0750683546 |
Internformat
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Downward, Paul |d 1964- |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)128545070 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Sports economics |b theory, evidence and policy |c Paul Downward ; Alistair Dawson ; Trudo Dejonghe |
| 264 | 1 | |a Amsterdam [u.a.] |b Butterworth-Heinemann |c 2009 | |
| 264 | 4 | |c © 2009 | |
| 300 | |a XXII, 417 Seiten |b Illustrationen | ||
| 336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 0 | |a Sport management series | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sports / Economic aspects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sports / Economic aspects / United States | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sports / Economic aspects / Europe | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sports / Economic aspects / United States / Case studies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain / Case studies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sports / Economic aspects / Europe / Case studies | |
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| 651 | 4 | |a Europa | |
| 651 | 4 | |a Großbritannien | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Dejonghe, Trudo |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804138017727709184 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
Series
editor
............................................xiii
About the authors
........................................xiv
Sports Management series preface
............................xv
Preface to Sports Economics
................................xvi
List of figures
...........................................xix
List of tables
...........................................xxi
Chapter
1
The Economics of Sport
1.1
Introduction
...................................... 1
1.2
What is Economics?
................................ 2
1.3
Economic Methodology
............................. 3
1.4
A Core Economic Model: Perfect Competition and Efficient
Resource Allocation
................................ 4
1.4.1
Positive economics
........................... 4
1.4.2
Normative economics
.........................10
1.5
Market Failure and the Rationale for Policy Intervention
... 14
1.5.1
Monopoly
..................................14
1.5.2
Equity
.....................................18
1.5.3
Externalities
................................19
1.5.4
Public goods
................................21
1.5.5
Imperfect information
........................22
1.6.
Limitations to Policy Maker Intervention
................24
1.6.1
The
Coase
theorem
..........................24
1.6.2
Government failure
...........................24
1.7
Expenditure-Based Rationale for Policy
................25
1.8
An Empirical Framework
...........................26
1.9
Conclusion
.......................................31
Appendix
1.1
The relationship between average and marginal
revenue in monopoly
.......................31
Appendix
1.2
The derivation of the Keynesian Expenditure
Multiplier
...............................32
vi
Contents
Chapter
2
The Nature, Organization and Economic Significance of Sport
2.1
Introduction
......................................35
2.2
What is Sport?
....................................36
2.3
Economic Organization
.............................38
2.4
Some International Evidence on the Sports Environment
... 40
2.4.
1 Public policy
................................40
2.4.2
Sports policy bodies
..........................42
2.4.3
Governing bodies and professional team
sports
..................................... 43
2.4.4
Summary
.................................. 49
2.5
Events and Mass Participation
....................... 53
2.5.1
Events
..................................... 53
2.5.2
Mass Participation
............................ 55
2.6
Historic and Current Policy in Sport: Changing Emphases
and Values
...................................... 59
2.7
Conclusion
...................................... 62
Chapter
3
The Economics of Sports Participation
3.1
Introduction
..................................... 65
3.2
A General Economic Model of Sports Consumption
...... 65
3.2.1
The dual decision hypothesis
.................. 66
3.2.2.
The income-leisure trade-off
.................. 69
3.2.3
The derived demand for sports
................ 76
3.3
An Integrating Framework for Consumer Choice
........ 82
3.4
Policy Implications
................................ 86
3.5
Conclusion
...................................... 88
Appendix
3.1
Utility-maximizing behaviour
............... 89
Appendix
3.2
Durable goods, the time value of money
and investment demand
.................... 92
Chapter
4
The Economics of Sports Participation: Evidence
4.1
Introduction
..................................... 97
4.2
Empirical Evidence on Participation and Expenditure in
Sports
.......................................... 97
4.2.1
Mass sports participation: Sources of official and
unofficial data
.............................. 97
4.2.2
Mass sports participation: Descriptive
evidence
.................................. 101
4.2.3
Expenditure on mass sports participation
.........104
Contents
vii
4.3
Mass Sports Participation: Theoretical and Empirical
Analysis
........................................ 106
4.3.1
Leisure time
............................... 107
4.3.2
Participation in sport
......................... 110
4.3.3
Expenditure
................................ 114
4.3.4
Summary
.................................. 115
4.4
Conclusion
...................................... 116
Chapter
5
The Supply of Participant Sport: The Public and Private Sector
5.1
Introduction
..................................... 117
5.2
The Structure of Supply
............................ 118
5.3
The Public Sector
................................. 119
5.3.1
UK sports policy and provision
................ 120
5.3.2
Other sports policy and provision
............... 121
5.4
The Economic Rationale for Public Policy
............. 123
5.4.1
Economic efficiency
......................... 124
5.4.2
Equity
................................... 125
5.4.3
UK policy revisited: Mechanisms to promote
participation
............................... 127
5.5
The Private Sector
................................. 133
5.5.
1 Market structure
............................ 135
5.5.2
Pricing
.................................... 138
5.6
Informal Participation
.............................. 140
5.7
Sports Equipment
................................. 143
5.8
Conclusion
...................................... 144
Appendix
5.1
Some elements of game theory
.............. 145
Chapter
6
The Supply of Participant Sport: Volunteers and Sports Clubs
6.1
Introduction
..................................... 147
6.2
The Sports Club Sector
............................. 148
6.2.1
European hierarchical sports organization
........ 148
6.3
The Economic Foundation of Sports Club Systems
....... 151
6.3.1
Club goods
................................ 151
6.3.2
Provision of club goods
...................... 155
6.3.3
Hierarchical form
........................... 157
6.3.4
Economic evaluation
........................ 160
6.4
Volunteering in Sport
.............................. 161
6.4.1
Defining volunteering
........................ 161
viii Contents
6.4.2 Motivation
and constraints on volunteering
....... 163
6.4.3
The profile and scale of volunteering
............ 165
6.5
An Economic Analysis of Volunteering
................ 167
6.6
Policy Implications
................................ 173
6.7
Conclusion
...................................... 174
Appendix
6.1
The general theory of second-best
............ 174
Chapter
7
The Market for Professional Sports: General Themes
7.1
Introduction
.....................................177
7.2
The Transition to Professionalism
....................178
7.2.1
Sports clubs: Key concepts revisited
............178
7.2.2
Formalization
..............................179
7.2.3
Review
...................................182
7.3
Sports Competitions as Economic Contests
.............184
7.3.1
Contest/tournament theory
.................... 184
7.4
Foundations of the Analysis of Professional Team Sports
... 192
7.4.1
The production of professional team sports
.......193
7.4.2
The peculiar economics of sport
................ 193
7.4.3
The league as a natural monopoly or as
acartei.
... 194
7.5
US and European Leagues
.......................... 196
7.5.1
Club objectives
............................. 196
7.5.2
League characteristics
....................... 197
7.6
Conclusion
...................................... 200
Appendix
7.1
Some properties of tournament discrimination
.. 201
Appendix
7.2
The derivation of optimal tournament effort
.... 202
Chapter
8
Uncertainty of Outcome, Competitive Balance and Bias
in Sports Leagues
8.1
Introduction
.....................................205
8.2
The Time-Dependent Nature of Uncertainty
of Outcome
......................................206
8.3
Short-Run (Match) Uncertainty of Outcome
............207
8.3.1
Relative league standings
.....................207
8.3.2
Betting odds
...............................211
8.3.3
Direct estimates
............................212
8.3.4
Summary
..................................213
8.4
Medium-Term Uncertainty of Outcome
................213
8.4.1
Within-season uncertainty of outcome
...........213
Contents ix
8.4.2
Seasonal (team-specific) uncertainty of outcome.
.. 214
8.4.3
Summary
..................................218
8.5
Long-Run Uncertainty of Outcome
...................219
8.5.1
Competitive balance
........................219
8.5.2
Evolution of competitive balance
...............224
8.5.3
Summary
..................................226
8.6
Home Advantage
.................................226
8.7
Conclusion
......................................229
Appendix
8.1
Reconciliation of Jennett s and Borland and
Lye s models of medium-term uncertainty
of outcome
..............................229
Appendix
8.2
Calculating the dispersion of sporting success
in sports leagues using standard deviations
......231
Chapter
9
Cross-Subsidization in Professional Sports Leagues
9.1
Introduction
.....................................233
9.2
The Rationale for Cross-Subsidization
.................234
9.3
Methods of Cross-Subsidization
......................235
9.3.1
Sporting labour markets
......................235
9.3.2
Revenue redistribution
.......................237
9.4
An Economic Framework for Understanding
Cross-Subsidization
...............................239
9.4.1
Profit-maximizing competitive equilibrium
......239
9.4.2
Cross-subsidization in a profit-maximizing
league
....................................244
9.4.3
Equilibrium in a win-maximizing league
.........248
9.4.4
Cross-subsidization in a win-maximizing league.
. . 249
9.5
Relaxation of Assumptions
..........................249
9.5.
1 Introducing the effect of spectator preference for
absolute quality
............................ 249
9.5.2
Market si/e diseconomies
..................... 251
9.5.3
A variable supply of talent
.................... 253
9.6
When Does the
Invariance
Proposition Hold?
......... 254
9.7
How Far Does Competitive Balance Matter ?
The European Champions and other Leagues
...........254
9.8
Conclusion
......................................257
Appendix
9.1
Why win percent and talent distribution
are not formally equivalent
.................258
Appendix
9.2
The quadratic model under
profit maximization
......................259
χ
Contents
Chapter
10
The Demand for Professional Team Sports: Attendance and
Broadcasting
10.1.
Introduction
.....................................261
10.2.
The Demand for Professional Team Sports
.............262
10.3
Theoretical and Empirical Issues
.....................262
10.3.1
Measuring quantity
.........................262
10.3.2
Measuring price and income
..................263
10.3.3
Consumer preferences
.......................264
10.3.4
Estimation issues
...........................264
10.4
Evidence
........................................267
10.4.1
Measuring quantity
.........................268
10.4.2
Measuring price and income
..................283
10.4.3
Consumer preferences
.......................288
10.4.4
Estimation issues
...........................291
10.5
Broadcast Demand
................................292
10.5.1
A brief outline of sports and broadcasting history
. . . 292
10.5.2
The economics of broadcasting and sport
........ 295
10.6
Conclusion
...................................... 298
Appendix
10.1
Problems of measuring habit persistence
..... 299
Chapter
11
The Labour Market in Professional Team Sports
11.1
Introduction
..................................... 301
11.2
Perfect Competition as a Benchmark Labour Market
..... 302
1
1
.3
Historic Evolution of the Labour Market in Sport
....... 303
1
1.3.1
The United States
........................... 303
11.3.2
The UK and Europe
......................... 305
11.3.3
Player agents
............................... 308
11.3.4
Contract duration
........................... 309
11.4
Theorizing the Players Labour Market
................ 310
11.4.1
Monopsony
...............................311
11.4.2
Monopoly
................................313
11.4.3
Bargaining
................................313
11.4.4
Non-profit-maximizing behaviour
..............314
11.5
The Players Labour Market: Some Econometric
Findings
........................................315
11.5.1
The United States
...........................315
11.5.2
Europe
....................................321
11.6
Managerial Efficiency
..............................323
11.7
Conclusion
......................................329
Contents xi
Appendix 11.1 General
conditions
for the demand for factors
of production
...........................330
Appendix
11.2
Profit-maximizing monopsony
.............331
Appendix
11.3
The Nash bargaining model
................332
Appendix
11.4
A win-maximizing labour market
...........332
Chapter
12
The Economics of Sports Events and Infrastructure
12.1
Introduction
.....................................335
12.2
Sports Events
....................................336
12.3
Investment Decisions
..............................343
12.3.1
Theoretical issues
...........................343
12.3.2
Public sector rationale
.......................345
12.3.3
The multiplier
..............................348
12.4
Types of Sports Event and Impacts
...................354
12.4.1
Duration and scale of impacts
.................354
12.4.2
Theorizing economic activity as an impact
.......357
12.4.3
The practical measurement of economic activity as
an impact
.................................358
12.5
Empirical Evidence
...............................364
12.5.1
Ex ante evidence
............................364
12.5.2
Explaining the variance
......................365
12.5.3
Ex post evidence
............................368
12.5.4
Non-market valued effects
....................376
12.6
Conclusion
......................................379
Appendix
12.1
NPV, wealth and profit maximization
........380
Appendix
12.2
A simple input-output analysis of
multiplier effects given a simple
economic system
........................381
Appendix
12.3
Calculating welfare weights
...............382
Appendix
12.4
The determinants of medal success
..........383
References
......................................................389
List of abbreviations
...............................................409
Index
...........................................................411
SPORT MANAGEMENT
Sports Economics is the ideal introduction for all sport management and sport
policy students and those for whom economics is a relatively new area of study.
The book will also provide an ideal introduction to sports economics for economics
students new to the area. Specifically designed to make economics accessible the
context of sport is the focus of analysis, ensuring that this book is lively, accessible
and approachable.
The full scope of the sports economy is examined, covering the three main arenas
in which sport takes place
-
mass participation, professional sports and sports
events. The key elements of the economic representation of these three markets are
considered, such as the underlying demand for and supply of these sports, together
with the main policy issues affecting them
Whilst truly international in scope, it focuses particularly on specific comparisons
between the US, the UK and mainland Europe. The breadth of discussion and
international emphasis is brought to life by a detailed discussion of the evidence
throughout the book to illustrate the key themes discussed
-
ideal for both lecturer
and student. Reflection questions and Boxes are also used in chapters to prompt
the reader to think about specific points as well as to provide the context for specific
theoretical or empirical contributions that have been used to analyse sport.
Dr
Paul Downward is Director of the Institute of Sport and Leisure Policy,
Loughborough University. He has recently undertaken consultancy work for Sport
England on participation, volunteering in sports clubs, and performance management;
and UK Sport on Volunteering at the Manchester Commonwealth Games. He is a
member of the International Association of Sports Economics, a founding member
of the editorial board of the Journal of Sports Economics, and member of the British
Philosophy of Sport Association.
Alistair Dawson retired from Staffordshire University in
2000
but maintains an active
research interest, particularly in the theoretical problems surrounding the measurement
of uncertainty of outcome.
Trudo Dejonghe
is professor in Economics, International Economics and Sports
Economics at Lessius University College (Antwerp) and guest lecturer Sports
Economics and Sport in the Global Space at
VUB
(Brussels), KHBO Brugge
and Copenhagen Business School. He is the author of Sport en
economie: een
noodzaak tot symbiose
(2004),
Sport
en
economie:
een aftrap
(2007),
Sport in de
wereld: ontstaan, evolutie en verspreiding
(2007).
He did
research
on the location-
allocation problems of football clubs in Belgium
(2001 )
and the Netherlands
(2005).
He was also advisor for competition restructuring in the Belgian Football League and
the economic analysis of new football arenas in Belgium and The Netherlands.
|
| adam_txt |
Contents
Series
editor
.xiii
About the authors
.xiv
Sports Management series preface
.xv
Preface to Sports Economics
.xvi
List of figures
.xix
List of tables
.xxi
Chapter
1
The Economics of Sport
1.1
Introduction
. 1
1.2
What is Economics?
. 2
1.3
Economic Methodology
. 3
1.4
A Core Economic Model: Perfect Competition and Efficient
Resource Allocation
. 4
1.4.1
Positive economics
. 4
1.4.2
Normative economics
.10
1.5
Market Failure and the Rationale for Policy Intervention
. 14
1.5.1
Monopoly
.14
1.5.2
Equity
.18
1.5.3
Externalities
.19
1.5.4
Public goods
.21
1.5.5
Imperfect information
.22
1.6.
Limitations to Policy Maker Intervention
.24
1.6.1
The
Coase
theorem
.24
1.6.2
Government failure
.24
1.7
Expenditure-Based Rationale for Policy
.25
1.8
An Empirical Framework
.26
1.9
Conclusion
.31
Appendix
1.1
The relationship between average and marginal
revenue in monopoly
.31
Appendix
1.2
The derivation of the Keynesian Expenditure
Multiplier
.32
vi
Contents
Chapter
2
The Nature, Organization and Economic Significance of Sport
2.1
Introduction
.35
2.2
What is Sport?
.36
2.3
Economic Organization
.38
2.4
Some International Evidence on the Sports Environment
. 40
2.4.
1 Public policy
.40
2.4.2
Sports policy bodies
.42
2.4.3
Governing bodies and professional team
sports
. 43
2.4.4
Summary
. 49
2.5
Events and Mass Participation
. 53
2.5.1
Events
. 53
2.5.2
Mass Participation
. 55
2.6
Historic and Current Policy in Sport: Changing Emphases
and Values
. 59
2.7
Conclusion
. 62
Chapter
3
The Economics of Sports Participation
3.1
Introduction
. 65
3.2
A General Economic Model of Sports Consumption
. 65
3.2.1
The dual decision hypothesis
. 66
3.2.2.
The income-leisure trade-off
. 69
3.2.3
The derived demand for sports
. 76
3.3
An Integrating Framework for Consumer Choice
. 82
3.4
Policy Implications
. 86
3.5
Conclusion
. 88
Appendix
3.1
Utility-maximizing behaviour
. 89
Appendix
3.2
Durable goods, the time value of money
and investment demand
. 92
Chapter
4
The Economics of Sports Participation: Evidence
4.1
Introduction
. 97
4.2
Empirical Evidence on Participation and Expenditure in
Sports
. 97
4.2.1
Mass sports participation: Sources of official and
unofficial data
. 97
4.2.2
Mass sports participation: Descriptive
evidence
. 101
4.2.3
Expenditure on mass sports participation
.104
Contents
vii
4.3
Mass Sports Participation: Theoretical and Empirical
Analysis
. 106
4.3.1
Leisure time
. 107
4.3.2
Participation in sport
. 110
4.3.3
Expenditure
. 114
4.3.4
Summary
. 115
4.4
Conclusion
. 116
Chapter
5
The Supply of Participant Sport: The Public and Private Sector
5.1
Introduction
. 117
5.2
The Structure of Supply
. 118
5.3
The Public Sector
. 119
5.3.1
UK sports policy and provision
. 120
5.3.2
Other sports policy and provision
. 121
5.4
The Economic Rationale for Public Policy
. 123
5.4.1
Economic efficiency
. 124
5.4.2
Equity
. 125
5.4.3
UK policy revisited: Mechanisms to promote
participation
. 127
5.5
The Private Sector
. 133
5.5.
1 Market structure
. 135
5.5.2
Pricing
. 138
5.6
Informal Participation
. 140
5.7
Sports Equipment
. 143
5.8
Conclusion
. 144
Appendix
5.1
Some elements of game theory
. 145
Chapter
6
The Supply of Participant Sport: Volunteers and Sports Clubs
6.1
Introduction
. 147
6.2
The Sports Club Sector
. 148
6.2.1
European hierarchical sports organization
. 148
6.3
The Economic Foundation of Sports Club Systems
. 151
6.3.1
Club goods
. 151
6.3.2
Provision of club goods
. 155
6.3.3
Hierarchical form
. 157
6.3.4
Economic evaluation
. 160
6.4
Volunteering in Sport
. 161
6.4.1
Defining volunteering
. 161
viii Contents
6.4.2 Motivation
and constraints on volunteering
. 163
6.4.3
The profile and scale of volunteering
. 165
6.5
An Economic Analysis of Volunteering
. 167
6.6
Policy Implications
. 173
6.7
Conclusion
. 174
Appendix
6.1
The general theory of second-best
. 174
Chapter
7
The Market for Professional Sports: General Themes
7.1
Introduction
.177
7.2
The Transition to Professionalism
.178
7.2.1
Sports clubs: Key concepts revisited
.178
7.2.2
Formalization
.179
7.2.3
Review
.182
7.3
Sports Competitions as Economic Contests
.184
7.3.1
Contest/tournament theory
. 184
7.4
Foundations of the Analysis of Professional Team Sports
. 192
7.4.1
The production of professional team sports
.193
7.4.2
The peculiar economics of sport
. 193
7.4.3
The league as a natural monopoly or as
acartei.
. 194
7.5
US and European Leagues
. 196
7.5.1
Club objectives
. 196
7.5.2
League characteristics
. 197
7.6
Conclusion
. 200
Appendix
7.1
Some properties of tournament discrimination
. 201
Appendix
7.2
The derivation of optimal tournament effort
. 202
Chapter
8
Uncertainty of Outcome, Competitive Balance and Bias
in Sports Leagues
8.1
Introduction
.205
8.2
The Time-Dependent Nature of Uncertainty
of Outcome
.206
8.3
Short-Run (Match) Uncertainty of Outcome
.207
8.3.1
Relative league standings
.207
8.3.2
Betting odds
.211
8.3.3
Direct estimates
.212
8.3.4
Summary
.213
8.4
Medium-Term Uncertainty of Outcome
.213
8.4.1
Within-season uncertainty of outcome
.213
Contents ix
8.4.2
Seasonal (team-specific) uncertainty of outcome.
. 214
8.4.3
Summary
.218
8.5
Long-Run Uncertainty of Outcome
.219
8.5.1
Competitive balance
.219
8.5.2
Evolution of competitive balance
.224
8.5.3
Summary
.226
8.6
Home Advantage
.226
8.7
Conclusion
.229
Appendix
8.1
Reconciliation of Jennett's and Borland and
Lye's models of medium-term uncertainty
of outcome
.229
Appendix
8.2
Calculating the dispersion of sporting success
in sports leagues using standard deviations
.231
Chapter
9
Cross-Subsidization in Professional Sports Leagues
9.1
Introduction
.233
9.2
The Rationale for Cross-Subsidization
.234
9.3
Methods of Cross-Subsidization
.235
9.3.1
Sporting labour markets
.235
9.3.2
Revenue redistribution
.237
9.4
An Economic Framework for Understanding
Cross-Subsidization
.239
9.4.1
Profit-maximizing competitive equilibrium
.239
9.4.2
Cross-subsidization in a profit-maximizing
league
.244
9.4.3
Equilibrium in a win-maximizing league
.248
9.4.4
Cross-subsidization in a win-maximizing league.
. . 249
9.5
Relaxation of Assumptions
.249
9.5.
1 Introducing the effect of spectator preference for
absolute quality
. 249
9.5.2
Market si/e diseconomies
. 251
9.5.3
A variable supply of talent
. 253
9.6
When Does the
"Invariance
Proposition" Hold?
. 254
9.7
How Far Does Competitive Balance Matter'?
The European Champions' and other Leagues
.254
9.8
Conclusion
.257
Appendix
9.1
Why win percent and talent distribution
are not formally equivalent
.258
Appendix
9.2
The quadratic model under
profit maximization
.259
χ
Contents
Chapter
10
The Demand for Professional Team Sports: Attendance and
Broadcasting
10.1.
Introduction
.261
10.2.
The Demand for Professional Team Sports
.262
10.3
Theoretical and Empirical Issues
.262
10.3.1
Measuring quantity
.262
10.3.2
Measuring price and income
.263
10.3.3
Consumer preferences
.264
10.3.4
Estimation issues
.264
10.4
Evidence
.267
10.4.1
Measuring quantity
.268
10.4.2
Measuring price and income
.283
10.4.3
Consumer preferences
.288
10.4.4
Estimation issues
.291
10.5
Broadcast Demand
.292
10.5.1
A brief outline of sports and broadcasting history
. . . 292
10.5.2
The economics of broadcasting and sport
. 295
10.6
Conclusion
. 298
Appendix
10.1
Problems of measuring habit persistence
. 299
Chapter
11
The Labour Market in Professional Team Sports
11.1
Introduction
. 301
11.2
Perfect Competition as a Benchmark Labour Market
. 302
1
1
.3
Historic Evolution of the Labour Market in Sport
. 303
1
1.3.1
The United States
. 303
11.3.2
The UK and Europe
. 305
11.3.3
Player agents
. 308
11.3.4
Contract duration
. 309
11.4
Theorizing the Players' Labour Market
. 310
11.4.1
Monopsony
.311
11.4.2
Monopoly
.313
11.4.3
Bargaining
.313
11.4.4
Non-profit-maximizing behaviour
.314
11.5
The Players' Labour Market: Some Econometric
Findings
.315
11.5.1
The United States
.315
11.5.2
Europe
.321
11.6
Managerial Efficiency
.323
11.7
Conclusion
.329
Contents xi
Appendix 11.1 General
conditions
for the demand for factors
of production
.330
Appendix
11.2
Profit-maximizing monopsony
.331
Appendix
11.3
The Nash bargaining model
.332
Appendix
11.4
A win-maximizing labour market
.332
Chapter
12
The Economics of Sports Events and Infrastructure
12.1
Introduction
.335
12.2
Sports Events
.336
12.3
Investment Decisions
.343
12.3.1
Theoretical issues
.343
12.3.2
Public sector rationale
.345
12.3.3
The multiplier
.348
12.4
Types of Sports Event and Impacts
.354
12.4.1
Duration and scale of impacts
.354
12.4.2
Theorizing economic activity as an impact
.357
12.4.3
The practical measurement of economic activity as
an impact
.358
12.5
Empirical Evidence
.364
12.5.1
Ex ante evidence
.364
12.5.2
Explaining the variance
.365
12.5.3
Ex post evidence
.368
12.5.4
Non-market valued effects
.376
12.6
Conclusion
.379
Appendix
12.1
NPV, wealth and profit maximization
.380
Appendix
12.2
A simple input-output analysis of
multiplier effects given a simple
economic system
.381
Appendix
12.3
Calculating welfare weights
.382
Appendix
12.4
The determinants of medal success
.383
References
.389
List of abbreviations
.409
Index
.411
SPORT MANAGEMENT
Sports Economics is the ideal introduction for all sport management and sport
policy students and those for whom economics is a relatively new area of study.
The book will also provide an ideal introduction to sports economics for economics
students new to the area. Specifically designed to make economics accessible the
context of sport is the focus of analysis, ensuring that this book is lively, accessible
and approachable.
The full scope of the sports economy is examined, covering the three main arenas
in which sport takes place
-
mass participation, professional sports and sports
events. The key elements of the economic representation of these three markets are
considered, such as the underlying demand for and supply of these sports, together
with the main policy issues affecting them
Whilst truly international in scope, it focuses particularly on specific comparisons
between the US, the UK and mainland Europe. The breadth of discussion and
international emphasis is brought to life by a detailed discussion of the evidence
throughout the book to illustrate the key themes discussed
-
ideal for both lecturer
and student. Reflection questions and Boxes are also used in chapters to prompt
the reader to think about specific points as well as to provide the context for specific
theoretical or empirical contributions that have been used to analyse sport.
Dr
Paul Downward is Director of the Institute of Sport and Leisure Policy,
Loughborough University. He has recently undertaken consultancy work for Sport
England on participation, volunteering in sports clubs, and performance management;
and UK Sport on Volunteering at the Manchester Commonwealth Games. He is a
member of the International Association of Sports Economics, a founding member
of the editorial board of the Journal of Sports Economics, and member of the British
Philosophy of Sport Association.
Alistair Dawson retired from Staffordshire University in
2000
but maintains an active
research interest, particularly in the theoretical problems surrounding the measurement
of uncertainty of outcome.
Trudo Dejonghe
is professor in Economics, International Economics and Sports
Economics at Lessius University College (Antwerp) and guest lecturer Sports
Economics and Sport in the Global Space at
VUB
(Brussels), KHBO Brugge
and Copenhagen Business School. He is the author of Sport en
economie: een
noodzaak tot symbiose
(2004),
Sport
en
economie:
een aftrap
(2007),
Sport in de
wereld: ontstaan, evolutie en verspreiding
(2007).
He did
research
on the location-
allocation problems of football clubs in Belgium
(2001 )
and the Netherlands
(2005).
He was also advisor for competition restructuring in the Belgian Football League and
the economic analysis of new football arenas in Belgium and The Netherlands. |
| any_adam_object | 1 |
| any_adam_object_boolean | 1 |
| author | Downward, Paul 1964- Dawson, Alistair Dejonghe, Trudo |
| author_GND | (DE-588)128545070 (DE-588)171754808 |
| author_facet | Downward, Paul 1964- Dawson, Alistair Dejonghe, Trudo |
| author_role | aut aut aut |
| author_sort | Downward, Paul 1964- |
| author_variant | p d pd a d ad t d td |
| building | Verbundindex |
| bvnumber | BV035069933 |
| callnumber-first | G - Geography, Anthropology, Recreation |
| callnumber-label | GV706 |
| callnumber-raw | GV706.8 |
| callnumber-search | GV706.8 |
| callnumber-sort | GV 3706.8 |
| callnumber-subject | GV - Leisure and Recreation |
| classification_rvk | ZX 7090 ZX 6900 |
| ctrlnum | (OCoLC)1075785121 (DE-599)BSZ284492744 |
| dewey-full | 338.47796 |
| dewey-hundreds | 300 - Social sciences |
| dewey-ones | 338 - Production |
| dewey-raw | 338.47796 |
| dewey-search | 338.47796 |
| dewey-sort | 3338.47796 |
| dewey-tens | 330 - Economics |
| discipline | Sport Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| discipline_str_mv | Sport Wirtschaftswissenschaften |
| format | Book |
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| spelling | Downward, Paul 1964- Verfasser (DE-588)128545070 aut Sports economics theory, evidence and policy Paul Downward ; Alistair Dawson ; Trudo Dejonghe Amsterdam [u.a.] Butterworth-Heinemann 2009 © 2009 XXII, 417 Seiten Illustrationen txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Sport management series Sports / Economic aspects Sports / Economic aspects / United States Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain Sports / Economic aspects / Europe Sports / Economic aspects / United States / Case studies Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain / Case studies Sports / Economic aspects / Europe / Case studies Sportökonomie (DE-588)4207188-4 gnd rswk-swf Europa Großbritannien USA (DE-588)4522595-3 Fallstudiensammlung gnd-content Sportökonomie (DE-588)4207188-4 s DE-604 Dawson, Alistair Verfasser (DE-588)171754808 aut Dejonghe, Trudo Verfasser aut Routledge (Verlag) (DE-588)1085810321 pbl Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016738328&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung UB Bayreuth application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016738328&sequence=000004&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Klappentext |
| spellingShingle | Downward, Paul 1964- Dawson, Alistair Dejonghe, Trudo Sports economics theory, evidence and policy Sports / Economic aspects Sports / Economic aspects / United States Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain Sports / Economic aspects / Europe Sports / Economic aspects / United States / Case studies Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain / Case studies Sports / Economic aspects / Europe / Case studies Sportökonomie (DE-588)4207188-4 gnd |
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| title | Sports economics theory, evidence and policy |
| title_auth | Sports economics theory, evidence and policy |
| title_exact_search | Sports economics theory, evidence and policy |
| title_exact_search_txtP | Sports economics theory, evidence and policy |
| title_full | Sports economics theory, evidence and policy Paul Downward ; Alistair Dawson ; Trudo Dejonghe |
| title_fullStr | Sports economics theory, evidence and policy Paul Downward ; Alistair Dawson ; Trudo Dejonghe |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sports economics theory, evidence and policy Paul Downward ; Alistair Dawson ; Trudo Dejonghe |
| title_short | Sports economics |
| title_sort | sports economics theory evidence and policy |
| title_sub | theory, evidence and policy |
| topic | Sports / Economic aspects Sports / Economic aspects / United States Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain Sports / Economic aspects / Europe Sports / Economic aspects / United States / Case studies Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain / Case studies Sports / Economic aspects / Europe / Case studies Sportökonomie (DE-588)4207188-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Sports / Economic aspects Sports / Economic aspects / United States Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain Sports / Economic aspects / Europe Sports / Economic aspects / United States / Case studies Sports / Economic aspects / Great Britain / Case studies Sports / Economic aspects / Europe / Case studies Sportökonomie Europa Großbritannien USA Fallstudiensammlung |
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