The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty: actors, processes, outcomes
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Abschlussarbeit Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Alphen aan den Rijn [u.a.]
Kluwer Law International
2008
|
| Schriftenreihe: | Studies in Employment and Social Policy
36 |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | Wolters Kluwer Law & Business |
| Beschreibung: | XXIII, 659 S. Ill. |
| ISBN: | 9789041127440 |
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KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE UNDER ARTICLES 138
AND 139 OF THE EC TREATY ACTORS, PROCESSES, OUTCOMES CHRISTIAN WELZ
WOLTERS KLUWER LAW & BUSINESS AUSTIN BOSTON CHICAGO NEW YORK THE
NETHERLANDS TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS XXI
REFERENCE TABLES XXV XXVII CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 BACKGROUND AND
CONTENT 1 1.2 TIME FRAME AND SCOPE 4 1.3 OBJECTIVES AND DEFINITIONS 6
1.4 A 'USER'S MANUAL': RESEARCH QUESTIONS, METHODOLOGY, METHOD, DESIGN
AND PROCESS 10 1.4.1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 10
1.4.2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 14 1.4.3 NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK 18 1.4.4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, METHOD, DESIGN AND PROCESS 20 15 CONTRIBUTION TO
THE ACADEMIC DEBATE 23 CHAPTER 2 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE UNDER
ARTICLES 138 AND 139 EC FROM A THEORETICAL AND NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE 29
2.1 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY THEORETICAL
PERSPECTIVE: A POLITY AT THE CROSSROADS 29 2.1.1 PLURALISM VS
CORPORATISM 30 2.1.2 DISTRIBUTIVE VS INTEGRATIVE BARGAINING 31 2.1.3
ALLOPOIESIS VS AUTOPOIESIS 31 2.1.4 HARD VS SOFT LAW: STRONG VS WEAK
AGREEMENTS 32 X TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.1.5 REGULATORY VS SELF-REGULATORY:
LEGISLATE VS NEGOTIATE 34 2.1.6 INTERGOVERNMENTALISM VS
NEO-FUNCTIONALISM 35 2.1.7 OLD VS NEW GOVERNANCE 36 2.2 THE EUROPEAN
SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS THEORY 37 2.2.1 SYSTEMS
THEORY 38 2.2.2 POLITICAL ECONOMY 43 2.2.3 STRATEGIC-CHOICE APPROACH 44
2.2.4 NEGOTIATIONS THEORY: DISTRIBUTIVE VS INTEGRATIVE BARGAINING 45
2.2.4.1 DISTRIBUTIVE BARGAINING 45 2.2.4.2 INTEGRATIVE BARGAINING 46
2.2.5 PLURALISM VS CORPORATISM 48 2.2.5.1 STRUCTURAL CORPORATISM VS
PROCEDURAL CORPORATISM 48 2.2.5.2 POLICY NETWORKS: FROM ISSUE NETWORKS
TO CORPORATIST SOCIAL POLICY COMMUNITIES 50 2.2.6 AUTOPOIETIC INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS 51 2.2.6.1 FORM AND SCOPE OF DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCIETAL
SYSTEMS 56 2.2.6.2 FORMS AND COMBINATIONS OF OPERATIONAL CLOSURE OF THE
SYSTEM AND COGNITIVE OPENNESS AT THE LEVEL OF THE SUBSYSTEMS AND THEIR
OPERATIONS 56 2.2.6.3 DIFFERENTIATION OF A SPECIFIC CODE 58 2.2.6.4
ACHIEVEMENT OF RELATIVE PROMINENCE IN SOCIETY AT LARGE OF THE CREATED
SUBSYSTEM 59 2.3 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF EC LAW 60
2.3.1 COMMUNITY METHOD VS THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE 60 2.3.2 ECJ CASE
LAW: FROM A (ALBANY) TO U (UEAPME) 63 2.3.2.1 ALBANY CASE 64 2.3.2.2
UEAPME CASE 66 2.3.3 REFLEXIVE LABOUR LAW/AUTOPOIETIC LABOUR LAW 67
2.3.4 HARD LAW VS SOFT LAW: STRONG VS WEAK AGREEMENTS 71 2.3.5 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE AND OPEN METHOD OF COORDINATION: ARE SYNERGIES
POSSIBLE? 72 TABLE OF CONTENTS XI 2.4 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN
LIGHT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION THEORY 77 2.4.1 FROM TRADITIONAL
FUNCTIONALISM TO NEO-FUNCTIONALISM 77 2.4.1.1 FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION 77
2.4.1.2 SPILL-OVER 81 2A.I.2A FUNCTIONAL SPILL-OVER 82 2.4.1.2.2
POLITICAL SPILL-OVER 84 2.4.1.2.3 CULTIVATED SPILL-OVER 85 2.4.2 FROM
REALISM TO LIBERAL INTERGOVERNMENTALISM 86 2.4.2.1 TRADITIONAL REALISM
86 2.4.2.2 NEO-REALISM 86 2.4.2.3 STATE CENTRED INTERGOVERNMENTALISM,
REGIMES AND INTERDEPENDENCE 87 2.4.2.4 LIBERAL INTERGOVERNMENTALISM 8 9
2.4.3 FROM MULTI-LEVEL TO DELIBERATIVE NETWORK GOVERNANCE 91 2.4.3.1
MULTI-LEVEL GOVERNANCE 91 2.4.3.2 DELIBERATIVE NETWORK GOVERNANCE 93
2.4.3.3 GOVERNANCE BY NETWORKS 96 2.4.3.4 CO-OPERATIVE
FEDERALISM/JOINT-DECISION TRAP 98 2.4.3.5 INTERLOCKING SYSTEMS 99 2.4.4
HISTORICAL INSTITUTIONALISM 100 2.4.5 OLD GOVERNANCE VS NEW GOVERNANCE
103 2.5 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE: A
FORM OF GOOD GOVERNANCE? 106 2.5.1 DEFINITION AND CRITERIA OF GOOD
GOVERNANCE 106 2.5.1.1 OPENNESS 116 2.5.1.2 PARTICIPATION 119 2.5.1.3
ACCOUNTABILITY 122 2.5.1.4 EFFECTIVENESS 123 2.5.1.5 COHERENCE 125
2.5.1.6 PROPORTIONALITY 125 2.5.1.7 SUBSIDIARITY 126 2.5.1.8
SUPPLEMENTARY CRITERION FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE: DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY 128
2.5.2 GOOD GOVERNANCE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 133 CHAPTER 3 ACTORS 137 3.1
EUROPEAN SOCIAL PARTNERS 137 3.1.1 ETUC 141 3.1.1.1 HISTORY 141 3.1.1.2
TASKS 142 XLL TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.1.2 3.1.1.3 STRUCTURE 3.1.1.4
STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE ESD 3.1.1.5 FROM TECHNOCRATIC TO
DEMOCRATIC EUROPEANIZATION? 3.1.1.5.1 TECHNOCRATIC RE-NATIONALIZATION
3.1.1.5.2 DEMOCRATIC RE-NATIONALIZATION 3.1.1.5.3 TECHNOCRATIC
EUROPEANIZATION 3.1.1.5.4 DEMOCRATIC EUROPEANIZATION
UNICE/BUSINESSEUROPE 3. 3. 3. 3. 3.1.3 UEAPME .2.1 HISTORY .2.2 TASKS
.2.3 STRUCTURE .2.4 STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE ESD .3.1 HISTORY
.3.2 TASKS STRUCTURES STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE ESD 3.1.4
3.1.3.3 3.1.3.4 CEEP 3.1.4.1 3.1.4.2 3.1.4.3 3.1.4.4 HISTORY TASKS
STRUCTURE STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE ESD 3.1.5 EUROCADRES AND
CONFEDERATION EUROPEENNE DES CADRES 3.1.6 EUROPEAN INDUSTRY FEDERATIONS
3.1.7 SECTORAL EMPLOYERS' ORGANIZATIONS 3.1.8 SECTORAL SOCIAL DIALOGUE
COMMITTEES 3.1.9 SOCIAL DIALOGUE COMMITTEE 3.2 REPRESENTATIVENESS OF THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL PARTNERS 3.2.1 REPRESENTATIVENESS AS SEEN BY THE
EUROPEAN COMMISSION 3.2.2 REPORT OF THE EP AND OPINION OF EESC 3.2.3
UEAPME CASE 3.2.4 SOCIAL PARTNERS AND HORIZONTAL SUBSIDIARITY 3.2.5
SOCIAL PARTNERS AND CIVIL SOCIETY 3.3 EUROPEAN INSTITUTIONS AND BODIES
3.3.1 EUROPEAN COMMISSION 3.3.2 COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 3.3.3
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 3.3.4 EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE 3.3.5 EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE 3.3.6 STANDING COMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT
3.3.7 MACRO-ECONOMIC DIALOGUE 3.3.8 TRIPARTITE SOCIAL SUMMIT 143 144 147
147 147 148 148 149 149 150 151 155 159 159 160 161 161 162 162 164 164
165 167 168 170 171 178 179 179 184 186 190 194 197 198 203 211 215 217
219 220 221 TABLE OF CONTENTS X JJJ 3.4 NATIONAL SOCIAL PARTNERS AND
GOVERNMENTS 225 3.4.1 TRADE UNIONS 226 3.4.2 EMPLOYERS 227 3.4.3
GOVERNMENTS 228 3.5 INTERIM CONCLUSIONS: EVALUATION OF THE ACTORS 229
3.5.1 FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE 229 3.5.1.1 NEO-FUNCTIONALIST
STRONGHOLDS 229 3.5.1.2 INTERGOVERNMENTAL RESIDUES 232 3.5.1.3
PRINCIPALS AND AGENTS - 'MASTERS AND SLAVES' 233 3.5.1.4 UPGRADING OF
THE COMMON INTEREST 235 3.5.1.5 NEO-CORPORATISM OUT OF SELF-INTEREST 236
3.5.2 FROM A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE 238 3.5.2.1 EFFECTIVENESS AT RISK?
238 3.5.2.2 DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY AT RISK? 239 3.5.2.3 LEGITIMACY VIA
FUNCTIONAL REPRESENTATIVENESS? 240 CHAPTER 4 PROCESSES 243 4.1 THE
EVOLUTION OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE: FROM PARIS VIA VAL DUCHESSE
TO BRUSSELS 244 4.1.1 ECSC, EEC, EURATOM: PARIS-ROME 244 4.1.2
TRIPARTITE CONFERENCES 246 4.1.3 VAL DUCHESSE 247 4.1.4 SINGLE EUROPEAN
ACT AND PALAIS D'EGMONT 251 4.1.5 THE 1989 COMMUNITY CHARTER AND THE
SOCIAL ACTION PROGRAMME: RUSSIAN DOLLS III 255 4.1.6 ROAD MAP TO
MAASTRICHT: ABOUT PILOTS AND CO-PILOTS 258 4.1.6.1 JOINT AGREEMENT OF
THE SOCIAL PARTNERS OF 31 OCTOBER 1991 267 4.1.6.2 PROTOCOL ON SOCIAL
POLICY 275 4.1.6.3 AGREEMENT ON SOCIAL POLICY 277 4.1.7 TREATIES OF
AMSTERDAM AND NICE 277 4.1.8 MACRO-ECONOMIC DIALOGUE 278 4.1.9 LAEKEN
DECLARATION 279 4.1.10 EU CONSTITUTIONAL TREATY 279 4.1.11 TREATY OF
LISBON 286 4.2 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE UNDER 138 EC 288 4.2.1
CONSULTATION PROCEDURE 288 4.2.2 CONSULTATION ON THE DIRECTION OF A
PROPOSAL 289 4.2.2.1 SOCIAL POLICY FIELD 290 4.2.2.2 MANAGEMENT AND
LABOUR 292 4.2.2.3 PROCEDURE AND DEADLINES OF FIRST CONSULTATION 293
4.2.3 CONSULTATION ON THE CONTENT OF A PROPOSAL 295 4.2.3.1 PROCEDURE OF
SECOND CONSULTATION 295 4.2.3.2 DEADLINES OF SECOND CONSULTATION 296 XIV
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.2.4 POSSIBLE OUTCOMES OF THE FIRST TWO CONSULTATION
PHASES 296 4.2.5 RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION UNDER ARTICLE 138
EC 297 4.2.6 NEGOTIATION PROCEDURE BETWEEN MANAGEMENT AND LABOUR 298
4.2.6.1 NEGOTIATION ON THE INITIATIVE OF THE SOCIAL PARTNERS 299 4.2.6.2
ROLE OF THE COMMISSION IN THE EVENT OF A BREAKDOWN OF NEGOTIATIONS 300
4.2.6.3 MANAGEMENT AND LABOUR 301 4.3 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE UNDER
ARTICLE 139 EC 302 4.3.1 CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS AND AGREEMENTS BETWEEN
THE SOCIAL PARTNERS 302 4.3.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE VALIDITY OF AN
AGREEMENT 308 4.3.2.1 REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO THE SIGNATORY PARTIES
308 4.3.2.2 REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO THE NEGOTIATION PROCEDURE 309
4.3.2.2.1 MANDATE PHASE 309 4.3.2.2.2 NEGOTIATION PHASE 312 4.3.2.2.3
VALIDATION PHASE 312 4.3.2.3 REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO THE FORM OF AN
AGREEMENT 314 4.3.2.4 REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO THE CONTENT OF AN
AGREEMENT 315 4.3.3 RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 315
4.3.3.1 ASSESSMENT OF THE AGREEMENTS 315 4.3.3.1.1 CHECK REPRESENTATIVE
STATUS OF THE SOCIAL PARTNERS 318 4.3.3.1.2 CHECK THE MANDATE OF THE
SOCIAL PARTNERS 320 4.3.3.1.3 CHECK THE LEGALITY OF THE CLAUSES OF AN
AGREEMENT 321 4.3.3.1.4 CHECK SME IMPACT OF AN AGREEMENT 321 4.3.3.1.5
CHECK THE NECESSITY/APPROPRIATENESS OF AN AGREEMENT 322 4.3.3.2 RIGHT TO
REJECT AN AGREEMENT 323 4.3.3.3 RIGHT TO AMEND AN AGREEMENT 324 4.3.4
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS 326 4.3.4.1 COUNCIL VOTING
PROCEDURES 326 4.3.4.2 RIGHT TO REJECT AN AGREEMENT 328 4.3.4.3 RIGHT TO
AMEND AN AGREEMENT 329 4.3.4.4 FORM OF THE COUNCIL DECISION 330 4.3.5
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 335 4.3.6 RIGHTS AND DUTIES
OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE 339 TABLE OF CONTENTS XV
4.3.7 IMPLEMENTATION VIA COUNCIL DECISION 339 4.3.8 IMPLEMENTATION
ACCORDING TO PROCEDURES AND PRACTICES SPECIFIC TO MANAGEMENT AND LABOUR
342 4.3.9 IMPLEMENTATION ACCORDING TO PROCEDURES AND PRACTICES SPECIFIC
TO THE MEMBER STATES 347 4.4 JUDICIAL REVIEW BY THE EUROPEAN COURT OF
JUSTICE AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION 350 4.4.1 COMPLAINTS UNDER ARTICLE 230 EC
350 4.4.2 NATURAL OR LEGAL PERSON 352 4.4.3 NATURE OF THE ACT ATTACKED
352 4.4.4 GROUNDS OF ACTION AND TIME LIMITS 356 4.4.5 FROM
NON-PRIVILEGED TO PRIVILEGED PLAINTIFF 356 4.4.6 NATIONAL AND
EUROPEAN-LEVEL DISPUTE RESOLUTION 357 4.4.6.1 VIA NATIONAL DISPUTE
RESOLUTION MECHANISMS 360 4.4.6.2 VIA THE SOCIAL DIALOGUE
COMMITTEE/SECTORAL SOCIAL DIALOGUE COMMITTEES 360 4.4.6.3 VIA A EUROPEAN
MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE 362 4.5 INTERIM CONCLUSIONS:
EVALUATION OF THE PROCESSES 363 4.5.1 FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE 363
4.5.1.1 NEO-FUNCTIONALISM REVISITED: VAL DUCHESSE LEARNING EXERCISE 363
4.5.1.2 BUSINESSEUROPE AND THE SOCIAL PROTOCOL: RELICTS OF
INTERGOVERNMENTALISM 368 4.5.1.3 CORPORATIST SOCIAL POLICY COMMUNITY 368
4.5.1.4 AN AUTOPOIETIC SUBSYSTEM OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 369 4.5.1.5 A NEW
FORM OF GOVERNANCE 370 4.5.1.6 'NEGOTIATE OR WE WILL LEGISLATE' 372
4.5.1.7 INTEGRATIVE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING 372 4.5.2 FROM A NORMATIVE
PERSPECTIVE 373 4.5.2.1 MORE INTERNAL EFFECTIVENESS OF BUSINESSEUROPE
VIA QMV 374 4.5.2.2 IN SEARCH OF MORE ACCOUNTABILITY 375 4.5.2.3 IN
SEARCH OF MORE DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY AND TRANSPARENCY 376 4.5.2.4 IN
SEARCH OF MORE PARTICIPATION: JUDICIAL REVIEW AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION 377
CHAPTER 5 OUTCOMES: SUCCESSES VS FAILURES 379 5.1 SUCCESSES 386 5.1.1
SOCIAL PARTNERS' AGREEMENTS IMPLEMENTED BY COUNCIL DECISION 386 XVI 5.2
5.1.1.1 5.1.1.2 5.1.1.3 TABLE OF CONTENTS PARENTAL LEAVE AGREEMENT
5.1.1.1.1 PROCESS 5.1.1.1.2 OUTCOMES PART-TIME WORK AGREEMENT 5.1.1.2.1
PROCESS 5.1.1.2.2 OUTCOMES FIXED-TERM WORK AGREEMENT 5.1.1.3.1 PROCESS
5.1.1.3.2 OUTCOMES 5.1.2 VOLUNTARY/AUTONOMOUS AGREEMENTS 5.1.2.1 5.1.2.2
5.1.2.3 FAILURES FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT ON TELEWORK 5.1.2.1.1 PROCESS
5.1.2.1.2 OUTCOMES FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT ON WORK-RELATED STRESS 5.1.2.2.1
PROCESS 5.1.2.2.2 OUTCOMES FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT ON HARASSMENT AND
VIOLENCE AT WORK 5.1.2.3.1 PROCESS 5.1.2.3.2 OUTCOMES 5.2.1 SOCIAL
DIALOGUE FAILURES RESULTING IN LEGISLATION 5.2.1.1 5.2.1.2 5.2.1.3
5.2.1.4 5.2.1.5 ASBESTOS EUROPEAN WORKS COUNCILS INFORMATION AND
CONSULTATION BURDEN OF PROOF DATA PROTECTION 5.2.2 SOCIAL DIALOGUE
FAILURES AND ONGOING LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURE 5.2.2.1 5.2.2.2 5.2.2.3
5.2.2.4 5.2.2.5 5.2.2.6 5.2.2.7 TEMPORARY AGENCY WORK WORKING TIME
PORTABILITY OF SOCIAL RIGHTS CONSULTATION ON THE SIMPLIFICATION OF THE
'HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK DIRECTIVES' MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
CARCINOGENS, MUTAGENS AND REPROTOXIC SUBSTANCES RESTRUCTURING AND THE
REVISION OF EWC DIRECTIVE 5.2.2.7.1 RESTRUCTURING 5.2.2.7.2 REVISION OF
THE EWC DIRECTIVE 5.2.2.7.3 MERGER OF THE TWO CONSULTATION PROCESSES
5.2.2.7 .4 SECOND CONSULTATION ON THE REVISION OF THE EWC DIRECTIVE 386
386 389 394 394 399 404 404 406 408 410 410 419 420 420 426 428 428 431
433 433 433 436 440 443 444 446 446 456 462 464 465 467 469 469 472 478
479 TABLE OF CONTENTS XVII 5.3 ONGOING ISSUES UNDER CONSULTATION OR
NEGOTIATION 481 5.3.1 ACTIVE INCLUSION OF PEOPLE FURTHEST FROM THE
LABOUR MARKET 48 ] 5.3.2 STRENGTHENING OF MARITIME LABOUR STANDARDS 484
5.3.3 RECONCILIATION OF PROFESSIONAL, PRIVATE AND FAMILY LIFE 485 5.3.4
PROTECTING EUROPEAN HEALTHCARE WORKERS FROM BLOOD-BORNE INFECTIONS DUE
TO NEEDLE-STICK INJURIES 488 5.3.5 CONSULTATION ON CROSS-BORDER
TRANSFERS OF UNDERTAKINGS 489 5.3.6 MORE AND BETTER SEAFARING JOBS 490
5.3.7 CONSULTATION ON EQUAL TREATMENT BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN ENGAGED IN A
SELF-EMPLOYED ACTIVITY 491 5.4 INTERIM CONCLUSIONS: EVALUATION OF THE
OUTCOMES 491 5.4.1 FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE 491 5.4.1.1 THE DOUBLE
SHADOW OF THE LAW 491 5.4.1.2 NEO-FUNCTIONALISM AGAIN: MUTUAL LEARNING
STILL MATTERS 493 5.4.1.3 FAILURES OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE:
LIMITS OF SELF-REGULATION AND NEW GOVERNANCE 493 5.4.1.4 AUTONOMOUS
AGREEMENTS: A PARADIGM CASE OF SELF-REGULATION 495 5.4.1.5 FROM HARD TO
SOFT LAW 496 5.4.2 FROM A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE 497 5.4.2.1
EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY VIA DE-BLOCKING COMMUNITY METHOD DECISION
TRAPS 497 5.4.2.2 EURO-PESSIMISTS VS EURO-OPTIMISTS 498 5.4.2.3 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE: TOWARDS MORE NATIONAL SOCIAL DIALOGUE 502
5.4.2.4 VOLUNTARY/AUTONOMOUS AGREEMENTS: TOWARDS MORE SUBSIDIARITY AND
PROPORTIONALITY 503 5.4.2.5 FAILURES OF SOCIAL DIALOGUE: NO COMMON
GROUNDS, DELAY TACTICS, 'NO STICK BEHIND THE DOOR' AND - AGAIN -
SUBSIDIARITY 508 5.4.2.5.1 EUROPEAN WORKS COUNCILS: NO COMMON GROUNDS
508 5.4.2.5.2 INFORMATION AND CONSULTATION: DELAY TACTICS 510 5.4.2.5.3
BURDEN OF PROOF: SUBSIDIARITY- MATTERS 511 5.4.2.5.4 TEMPORARY AGENCY
WORK: SOCIAL DIALOGUE OUT OF STEAM 51 1 5.4.2.5.5 WORKING-TIME
DIRECTIVE: 'NO STICK BEHIND THE DOOR' 512 XVIII TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS, ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 513 6.1 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARDS AN
INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE 513 6.1.1 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF INDUSTRIAL-RELATIONS THEORY:
NEO-CORPORATIST, INTEGRATIVE AND AUTOPOIETIC 514 6.1.1.1 A CORPORATIST
SOCIAL POLICY COMMUNITY 514 6.1.1.2 INTEGRATIVE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
518 6.1.1.3 AUTOPOIETIC SUBSYSTEM OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 518 6.1.1.4 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE VS NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS 519 6.1.2 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF EC LAW: FROM NATIONAL TO
SUPRANATIONAL, FROM HARD TO SOFT LAW, FROM REGULATORY TO SELF-REGULATORY
520 6.1.3 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF EC INTEGRATION
THEORY: NEO-FUNCTIONAL, MULTI-LEVEL/DELIBERATIVE/NEW/NETWORK GOVERNANCE
523 6.1.3.1 THE ACTORS: MORE NEO-FUNCTIONAL THAN INTERGOVERNMENTAL 523
6.1.3.2 THE PROCESS: MORE NEO-FUNCTIONAL THAN INTERGOVERNMENTAL 525
6.1.3.3 FUNCTIONAL SPILL-OVER 527 6.1.3.4 POLITICAL SPILL-OVER 527
6.1.3.5 CULTIVATED SPILL-OVER 529 6.1.3.6 THE FUNCTIONAL SCOPE OF THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE 531 6.1.3.7 DELIBERATIVE NETWORK GOVERNANCE 533
6.1.3.8 A NEW FORM OF GOVERNANCE 535 6.1.4 TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED
ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE 537 6.1.5 TAKING
STOCK OF THEORY AND SPIN-OFFS FOR THEORY BUILDING 539 6.2 THE EUROPEAN
SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE: AN ASSESSMENT IN LIGHT OF
THE CRITERIA FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE 543 6.2.1 TOWARDS MORE OPENNESS AND
TRANSPARENCY? 543 6.2.2 TOWARDS MORE PARTICIPATION? 544 6.2.3 TOWARDS
MORE ACCOUNTABILITY? 546 6.2.4 TOWARDS MORE EFFECTIVENESS? 547 6.2.5
TOWARDS MORE COHERENCE? 550 6.2.6 TOWARDS MORE PROPORTIONALITY AND
SUBSIDIARITY? 550 6.2.7 TOWARDS MORE LEGITIMACY? 553 6.2.8 TOWARDS GOOD
GOVERNANCE? 558 6.2.9 TOWARDS SOCIAL JUSTICE? 560 TABLE OF CONTENTS XIX
6.3 RECOMMENDATIONS 562 6.3.1 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE ACTORS 563 6.3.1.1
ENHANCE REPRESENTATIVENESS OF THE SOCIAL PARTNERS 563 6.3.1.2 MORE
DEFINED RULES OF REPRESENTATIVENESS 564 6.3.1.3 SOCIAL PARTNERS TO
BECOME PRIVILEGED PLAINTIFFS IN ARTICLE 230 EC PROCEDURE (ACTION FOR
ANNULMENT) 565 6.3.1.4 REFORM OF BUSINESSEUROPE'S DECISION-MAKING
PROCEDURE: FROM UNANIMITY TO QMV 566 6.3.1.5 STRENGTHEN THE SECTORAL
CAPACITIES OF THE EU-LEVEL EMPLOYERS 566 6.3.1.6 MORE OPENNESS AND
TRANSPARENCY OF THE ACTORS 567 6.3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PROCESSES
567 6.3.2.1 REGULAR MEETINGS BETWEEN THE COMMISSION AND THE SOCIAL
PARTNERS 567 6.3.2.2 ENHANCED PARTICIPATION OF THE EP IN THE PROCESS 568
6.3.2.3 ENHANCED PARTICIPATION OF THE EESC IN THE PROCESS 569 6.3.2.4
ENHANCED PARTICIPATION OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN THE PROCESS 569 6.3.2.5
EXTEND TIME LIMITS FOR FIRST AND SECOND CONSULTATION OF THE SOCIAL
PARTNERS 570 6.3.2.6 COMMISSION TO MOTIVATE ITS DECISION ON
REPRESENTATIVENESS 571 6.3.2.7 COUNCIL TO MOTIVATE ITS DECISION NOT TO
TAKE OVER EUROPEAN COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS 571 6.3.2.8 EU-LEVEL/NATIONAL
DISPUTE-RESOLUTION MECHANISMS 572 6.3.2.8.1 VIA THE SDC AND THE SSDC 572
6.3.2.8.2 VIA A EUROPEAN SERVICE FOR MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION (EMCS)
573 6.3.2.8.3 VIA NATIONAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS 573 6.3.2.9
CODE OF PROCEDURE/INTER-INSTITUTIONAL AGREEMENT FOR THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL
DIALOGUE 574 6.3.2.10 MORE OPENNESS AND TRANSPARENCY OF THE PROCESSES
574 6.3.3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE OUTCOMES 575 6.3.3.1 PROPOSAL FOR A
TYPOLOGY OF SOCIAL-DIALOGUE OUTCOMES 575 6.3.3.2 PROPOSAL FOR A
CHECKLIST OF SOCIAL-DIALOGUE OUTCOMES 575 6.3.3.3 AGREEMENTS TO POINT
OUT THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE AND TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL
575 XX TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.3.3.4 SOCIAL PARTNERS TO STRENGTHEN THEIR
IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING CAPACITIES FOR AUTONOMOUS AGREEMENTS 576
6.3.3.5 EUROPEAN SOCIAL PARTNERS TO ADOPT A BASIC AGREEMENT ON
COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS 577 6.3.3.6 PROPOSAL TO RE-PHRASE ARTICLE 139 (1)
EC 577 6.3.3.7 MORE OPENNESS AND TRANSPARENCY OF THE OUTCOMES 578
BIBLIOGRAPHY 579 INDEX 649 |
| adam_txt |
KLUWER LAW INTERNATIONAL THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE UNDER ARTICLES 138
AND 139 OF THE EC TREATY ACTORS, PROCESSES, OUTCOMES CHRISTIAN WELZ
WOLTERS KLUWER LAW & BUSINESS AUSTIN BOSTON CHICAGO NEW YORK THE
NETHERLANDS TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE V LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS XXI
REFERENCE TABLES XXV XXVII CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 BACKGROUND AND
CONTENT 1 1.2 TIME FRAME AND SCOPE 4 1.3 OBJECTIVES AND DEFINITIONS 6
1.4 A 'USER'S MANUAL': RESEARCH QUESTIONS, METHODOLOGY, METHOD, DESIGN
AND PROCESS 10 1.4.1 RESEARCH QUESTIONS AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 10
1.4.2 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 14 1.4.3 NORMATIVE FRAMEWORK 18 1.4.4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY, METHOD, DESIGN AND PROCESS 20 15 CONTRIBUTION TO
THE ACADEMIC DEBATE 23 CHAPTER 2 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE UNDER
ARTICLES 138 AND 139 EC FROM A THEORETICAL AND NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE 29
2.1 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM A MULTI-DISCIPLINARY THEORETICAL
PERSPECTIVE: A POLITY AT THE CROSSROADS 29 2.1.1 PLURALISM VS
CORPORATISM 30 2.1.2 DISTRIBUTIVE VS INTEGRATIVE BARGAINING 31 2.1.3
ALLOPOIESIS VS AUTOPOIESIS 31 2.1.4 HARD VS SOFT LAW: STRONG VS WEAK
AGREEMENTS 32 X TABLE OF CONTENTS 2.1.5 REGULATORY VS SELF-REGULATORY:
LEGISLATE VS NEGOTIATE 34 2.1.6 INTERGOVERNMENTALISM VS
NEO-FUNCTIONALISM 35 2.1.7 OLD VS NEW GOVERNANCE 36 2.2 THE EUROPEAN
SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS THEORY 37 2.2.1 SYSTEMS
THEORY 38 2.2.2 POLITICAL ECONOMY 43 2.2.3 STRATEGIC-CHOICE APPROACH 44
2.2.4 NEGOTIATIONS THEORY: DISTRIBUTIVE VS INTEGRATIVE BARGAINING 45
2.2.4.1 DISTRIBUTIVE BARGAINING 45 2.2.4.2 INTEGRATIVE BARGAINING 46
2.2.5 PLURALISM VS CORPORATISM 48 2.2.5.1 STRUCTURAL CORPORATISM VS
PROCEDURAL CORPORATISM 48 2.2.5.2 POLICY NETWORKS: FROM ISSUE NETWORKS
TO CORPORATIST SOCIAL POLICY COMMUNITIES 50 2.2.6 AUTOPOIETIC INDUSTRIAL
RELATIONS 51 2.2.6.1 FORM AND SCOPE OF DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCIETAL
SYSTEMS 56 2.2.6.2 FORMS AND COMBINATIONS OF OPERATIONAL CLOSURE OF THE
SYSTEM AND COGNITIVE OPENNESS AT THE LEVEL OF THE SUBSYSTEMS AND THEIR
OPERATIONS 56 2.2.6.3 DIFFERENTIATION OF A SPECIFIC CODE 58 2.2.6.4
ACHIEVEMENT OF RELATIVE PROMINENCE IN SOCIETY AT LARGE OF THE CREATED
SUBSYSTEM 59 2.3 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF EC LAW 60
2.3.1 COMMUNITY METHOD VS THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE 60 2.3.2 ECJ CASE
LAW: FROM A (ALBANY) TO U (UEAPME) 63 2.3.2.1 ALBANY CASE 64 2.3.2.2
UEAPME CASE 66 2.3.3 REFLEXIVE LABOUR LAW/AUTOPOIETIC LABOUR LAW 67
2.3.4 HARD LAW VS SOFT LAW: STRONG VS WEAK AGREEMENTS 71 2.3.5 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE AND OPEN METHOD OF COORDINATION: ARE SYNERGIES
POSSIBLE? 72 TABLE OF CONTENTS XI 2.4 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN
LIGHT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION THEORY 77 2.4.1 FROM TRADITIONAL
FUNCTIONALISM TO NEO-FUNCTIONALISM 77 2.4.1.1 FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION 77
2.4.1.2 SPILL-OVER 81 2A.I.2A FUNCTIONAL SPILL-OVER 82 2.4.1.2.2
POLITICAL SPILL-OVER 84 2.4.1.2.3 CULTIVATED SPILL-OVER 85 2.4.2 FROM
REALISM TO LIBERAL INTERGOVERNMENTALISM 86 2.4.2.1 TRADITIONAL REALISM
86 2.4.2.2 NEO-REALISM 86 2.4.2.3 STATE CENTRED INTERGOVERNMENTALISM,
REGIMES AND INTERDEPENDENCE 87 2.4.2.4 LIBERAL INTERGOVERNMENTALISM 8 9
2.4.3 FROM MULTI-LEVEL TO DELIBERATIVE NETWORK GOVERNANCE 91 2.4.3.1
MULTI-LEVEL GOVERNANCE 91 2.4.3.2 DELIBERATIVE NETWORK GOVERNANCE 93
2.4.3.3 GOVERNANCE BY NETWORKS 96 2.4.3.4 CO-OPERATIVE
FEDERALISM/JOINT-DECISION TRAP 98 2.4.3.5 INTERLOCKING SYSTEMS 99 2.4.4
HISTORICAL INSTITUTIONALISM 100 2.4.5 OLD GOVERNANCE VS NEW GOVERNANCE
103 2.5 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE: A
FORM OF GOOD GOVERNANCE? 106 2.5.1 DEFINITION AND CRITERIA OF GOOD
GOVERNANCE 106 2.5.1.1 OPENNESS 116 2.5.1.2 PARTICIPATION 119 2.5.1.3
ACCOUNTABILITY 122 2.5.1.4 EFFECTIVENESS 123 2.5.1.5 COHERENCE 125
2.5.1.6 PROPORTIONALITY 125 2.5.1.7 SUBSIDIARITY 126 2.5.1.8
SUPPLEMENTARY CRITERION FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE: DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY 128
2.5.2 GOOD GOVERNANCE AND SOCIAL JUSTICE 133 CHAPTER 3 ACTORS 137 3.1
EUROPEAN SOCIAL PARTNERS 137 3.1.1 ETUC 141 3.1.1.1 HISTORY 141 3.1.1.2
TASKS 142 XLL TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.1.2 3.1.1.3 STRUCTURE 3.1.1.4
STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE ESD 3.1.1.5 FROM TECHNOCRATIC TO
DEMOCRATIC EUROPEANIZATION? 3.1.1.5.1 TECHNOCRATIC RE-NATIONALIZATION
3.1.1.5.2 DEMOCRATIC RE-NATIONALIZATION 3.1.1.5.3 TECHNOCRATIC
EUROPEANIZATION 3.1.1.5.4 DEMOCRATIC EUROPEANIZATION
UNICE/BUSINESSEUROPE 3. 3. 3. 3. 3.1.3 UEAPME .2.1 HISTORY .2.2 TASKS
.2.3 STRUCTURE .2.4 STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE ESD .3.1 HISTORY
.3.2 TASKS STRUCTURES STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE ESD 3.1.4
3.1.3.3 3.1.3.4 CEEP 3.1.4.1 3.1.4.2 3.1.4.3 3.1.4.4 HISTORY TASKS
STRUCTURE STRUCTURES AND PROCEDURES FOR THE ESD 3.1.5 EUROCADRES AND
CONFEDERATION EUROPEENNE DES CADRES 3.1.6 EUROPEAN INDUSTRY FEDERATIONS
3.1.7 SECTORAL EMPLOYERS' ORGANIZATIONS 3.1.8 SECTORAL SOCIAL DIALOGUE
COMMITTEES 3.1.9 SOCIAL DIALOGUE COMMITTEE 3.2 REPRESENTATIVENESS OF THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL PARTNERS 3.2.1 REPRESENTATIVENESS AS SEEN BY THE
EUROPEAN COMMISSION 3.2.2 REPORT OF THE EP AND OPINION OF EESC 3.2.3
UEAPME CASE 3.2.4 SOCIAL PARTNERS AND HORIZONTAL SUBSIDIARITY 3.2.5
SOCIAL PARTNERS AND CIVIL SOCIETY 3.3 EUROPEAN INSTITUTIONS AND BODIES
3.3.1 EUROPEAN COMMISSION 3.3.2 COUNCIL OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 3.3.3
EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 3.3.4 EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE 3.3.5 EUROPEAN
ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE 3.3.6 STANDING COMMITTEE ON EMPLOYMENT
3.3.7 MACRO-ECONOMIC DIALOGUE 3.3.8 TRIPARTITE SOCIAL SUMMIT 143 144 147
147 147 148 148 149 149 150 151 155 159 159 160 161 161 162 162 164 164
165 167 168 170 171 178 179 179 184 186 190 194 197 198 203 211 215 217
219 220 221 TABLE OF CONTENTS X JJJ 3.4 NATIONAL SOCIAL PARTNERS AND
GOVERNMENTS 225 3.4.1 TRADE UNIONS 226 3.4.2 EMPLOYERS 227 3.4.3
GOVERNMENTS 228 3.5 INTERIM CONCLUSIONS: EVALUATION OF THE ACTORS 229
3.5.1 FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE 229 3.5.1.1 NEO-FUNCTIONALIST
STRONGHOLDS 229 3.5.1.2 INTERGOVERNMENTAL RESIDUES 232 3.5.1.3
PRINCIPALS AND AGENTS - 'MASTERS AND SLAVES' 233 3.5.1.4 UPGRADING OF
THE COMMON INTEREST 235 3.5.1.5 NEO-CORPORATISM OUT OF SELF-INTEREST 236
3.5.2 FROM A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE 238 3.5.2.1 EFFECTIVENESS AT RISK?
238 3.5.2.2 DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY AT RISK? 239 3.5.2.3 LEGITIMACY VIA
FUNCTIONAL REPRESENTATIVENESS? 240 CHAPTER 4 PROCESSES 243 4.1 THE
EVOLUTION OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE: FROM PARIS VIA VAL DUCHESSE
TO BRUSSELS 244 4.1.1 ECSC, EEC, EURATOM: PARIS-ROME 244 4.1.2
TRIPARTITE CONFERENCES 246 4.1.3 VAL DUCHESSE 247 4.1.4 SINGLE EUROPEAN
ACT AND PALAIS D'EGMONT 251 4.1.5 THE 1989 COMMUNITY CHARTER AND THE
SOCIAL ACTION PROGRAMME: RUSSIAN DOLLS III 255 4.1.6 ROAD MAP TO
MAASTRICHT: ABOUT PILOTS AND CO-PILOTS 258 4.1.6.1 JOINT AGREEMENT OF
THE SOCIAL PARTNERS OF 31 OCTOBER 1991 267 4.1.6.2 PROTOCOL ON SOCIAL
POLICY 275 4.1.6.3 AGREEMENT ON SOCIAL POLICY 277 4.1.7 TREATIES OF
AMSTERDAM AND NICE 277 4.1.8 MACRO-ECONOMIC DIALOGUE 278 4.1.9 LAEKEN
DECLARATION 279 4.1.10 EU CONSTITUTIONAL TREATY 279 4.1.11 TREATY OF
LISBON 286 4.2 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE UNDER 138 EC 288 4.2.1
CONSULTATION PROCEDURE 288 4.2.2 CONSULTATION ON THE DIRECTION OF A
PROPOSAL 289 4.2.2.1 SOCIAL POLICY FIELD 290 4.2.2.2 MANAGEMENT AND
LABOUR 292 4.2.2.3 PROCEDURE AND DEADLINES OF FIRST CONSULTATION 293
4.2.3 CONSULTATION ON THE CONTENT OF A PROPOSAL 295 4.2.3.1 PROCEDURE OF
SECOND CONSULTATION 295 4.2.3.2 DEADLINES OF SECOND CONSULTATION 296 XIV
TABLE OF CONTENTS 4.2.4 POSSIBLE OUTCOMES OF THE FIRST TWO CONSULTATION
PHASES 296 4.2.5 RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE COMMISSION UNDER ARTICLE 138
EC 297 4.2.6 NEGOTIATION PROCEDURE BETWEEN MANAGEMENT AND LABOUR 298
4.2.6.1 NEGOTIATION ON THE INITIATIVE OF THE SOCIAL PARTNERS 299 4.2.6.2
ROLE OF THE COMMISSION IN THE EVENT OF A BREAKDOWN OF NEGOTIATIONS 300
4.2.6.3 MANAGEMENT AND LABOUR 301 4.3 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE UNDER
ARTICLE 139 EC 302 4.3.1 CONTRACTUAL RELATIONS AND AGREEMENTS BETWEEN
THE SOCIAL PARTNERS 302 4.3.2 REQUIREMENTS FOR THE VALIDITY OF AN
AGREEMENT 308 4.3.2.1 REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO THE SIGNATORY PARTIES
308 4.3.2.2 REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO THE NEGOTIATION PROCEDURE 309
4.3.2.2.1 MANDATE PHASE 309 4.3.2.2.2 NEGOTIATION PHASE 312 4.3.2.2.3
VALIDATION PHASE 312 4.3.2.3 REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO THE FORM OF AN
AGREEMENT 314 4.3.2.4 REQUIREMENTS WITH REGARD TO THE CONTENT OF AN
AGREEMENT 315 4.3.3 RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 315
4.3.3.1 ASSESSMENT OF THE AGREEMENTS 315 4.3.3.1.1 CHECK REPRESENTATIVE
STATUS OF THE SOCIAL PARTNERS 318 4.3.3.1.2 CHECK THE MANDATE OF THE
SOCIAL PARTNERS 320 4.3.3.1.3 CHECK THE LEGALITY OF THE CLAUSES OF AN
AGREEMENT 321 4.3.3.1.4 CHECK SME IMPACT OF AN AGREEMENT 321 4.3.3.1.5
CHECK THE NECESSITY/APPROPRIATENESS OF AN AGREEMENT 322 4.3.3.2 RIGHT TO
REJECT AN AGREEMENT 323 4.3.3.3 RIGHT TO AMEND AN AGREEMENT 324 4.3.4
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS 326 4.3.4.1 COUNCIL VOTING
PROCEDURES 326 4.3.4.2 RIGHT TO REJECT AN AGREEMENT 328 4.3.4.3 RIGHT TO
AMEND AN AGREEMENT 329 4.3.4.4 FORM OF THE COUNCIL DECISION 330 4.3.5
RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 335 4.3.6 RIGHTS AND DUTIES
OF THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE 339 TABLE OF CONTENTS XV
4.3.7 IMPLEMENTATION VIA COUNCIL DECISION 339 4.3.8 IMPLEMENTATION
ACCORDING TO PROCEDURES AND PRACTICES SPECIFIC TO MANAGEMENT AND LABOUR
342 4.3.9 IMPLEMENTATION ACCORDING TO PROCEDURES AND PRACTICES SPECIFIC
TO THE MEMBER STATES 347 4.4 JUDICIAL REVIEW BY THE EUROPEAN COURT OF
JUSTICE AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION 350 4.4.1 COMPLAINTS UNDER ARTICLE 230 EC
350 4.4.2 NATURAL OR LEGAL PERSON 352 4.4.3 NATURE OF THE ACT ATTACKED
352 4.4.4 GROUNDS OF ACTION AND TIME LIMITS 356 4.4.5 FROM
NON-PRIVILEGED TO PRIVILEGED PLAINTIFF 356 4.4.6 NATIONAL AND
EUROPEAN-LEVEL DISPUTE RESOLUTION 357 4.4.6.1 VIA NATIONAL DISPUTE
RESOLUTION MECHANISMS 360 4.4.6.2 VIA THE SOCIAL DIALOGUE
COMMITTEE/SECTORAL SOCIAL DIALOGUE COMMITTEES 360 4.4.6.3 VIA A EUROPEAN
MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION SERVICE 362 4.5 INTERIM CONCLUSIONS:
EVALUATION OF THE PROCESSES 363 4.5.1 FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE 363
4.5.1.1 NEO-FUNCTIONALISM REVISITED: VAL DUCHESSE LEARNING EXERCISE 363
4.5.1.2 BUSINESSEUROPE AND THE SOCIAL PROTOCOL: RELICTS OF
INTERGOVERNMENTALISM 368 4.5.1.3 CORPORATIST SOCIAL POLICY COMMUNITY 368
4.5.1.4 AN AUTOPOIETIC SUBSYSTEM OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 369 4.5.1.5 A NEW
FORM OF GOVERNANCE 370 4.5.1.6 'NEGOTIATE OR WE WILL LEGISLATE' 372
4.5.1.7 INTEGRATIVE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING 372 4.5.2 FROM A NORMATIVE
PERSPECTIVE 373 4.5.2.1 MORE INTERNAL EFFECTIVENESS OF BUSINESSEUROPE
VIA QMV 374 4.5.2.2 IN SEARCH OF MORE ACCOUNTABILITY 375 4.5.2.3 IN
SEARCH OF MORE DEMOCRATIC LEGITIMACY AND TRANSPARENCY 376 4.5.2.4 IN
SEARCH OF MORE PARTICIPATION: JUDICIAL REVIEW AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION 377
CHAPTER 5 OUTCOMES: SUCCESSES VS FAILURES 379 5.1 SUCCESSES 386 5.1.1
SOCIAL PARTNERS' AGREEMENTS IMPLEMENTED BY COUNCIL DECISION 386 XVI 5.2
5.1.1.1 5.1.1.2 5.1.1.3 TABLE OF CONTENTS PARENTAL LEAVE AGREEMENT
5.1.1.1.1 PROCESS 5.1.1.1.2 OUTCOMES PART-TIME WORK AGREEMENT 5.1.1.2.1
PROCESS 5.1.1.2.2 OUTCOMES FIXED-TERM WORK AGREEMENT 5.1.1.3.1 PROCESS
5.1.1.3.2 OUTCOMES 5.1.2 VOLUNTARY/AUTONOMOUS AGREEMENTS 5.1.2.1 5.1.2.2
5.1.2.3 FAILURES FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT ON TELEWORK 5.1.2.1.1 PROCESS
5.1.2.1.2 OUTCOMES FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT ON WORK-RELATED STRESS 5.1.2.2.1
PROCESS 5.1.2.2.2 OUTCOMES FRAMEWORK AGREEMENT ON HARASSMENT AND
VIOLENCE AT WORK 5.1.2.3.1 PROCESS 5.1.2.3.2 OUTCOMES 5.2.1 SOCIAL
DIALOGUE FAILURES RESULTING IN LEGISLATION 5.2.1.1 5.2.1.2 5.2.1.3
5.2.1.4 5.2.1.5 ASBESTOS EUROPEAN WORKS COUNCILS INFORMATION AND
CONSULTATION BURDEN OF PROOF DATA PROTECTION 5.2.2 SOCIAL DIALOGUE
FAILURES AND ONGOING LEGISLATIVE PROCEDURE 5.2.2.1 5.2.2.2 5.2.2.3
5.2.2.4 5.2.2.5 5.2.2.6 5.2.2.7 TEMPORARY AGENCY WORK WORKING TIME
PORTABILITY OF SOCIAL RIGHTS CONSULTATION ON THE SIMPLIFICATION OF THE
'HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK DIRECTIVES' MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
CARCINOGENS, MUTAGENS AND REPROTOXIC SUBSTANCES RESTRUCTURING AND THE
REVISION OF EWC DIRECTIVE 5.2.2.7.1 RESTRUCTURING 5.2.2.7.2 REVISION OF
THE EWC DIRECTIVE 5.2.2.7.3 MERGER OF THE TWO CONSULTATION PROCESSES
5.2.2.7 .4 SECOND CONSULTATION ON THE REVISION OF THE EWC DIRECTIVE 386
386 389 394 394 399 404 404 406 408 410 410 419 420 420 426 428 428 431
433 433 433 436 440 443 444 446 446 456 462 464 465 467 469 469 472 478
479 TABLE OF CONTENTS XVII 5.3 ONGOING ISSUES UNDER CONSULTATION OR
NEGOTIATION 481 5.3.1 ACTIVE INCLUSION OF PEOPLE FURTHEST FROM THE
LABOUR MARKET 48 ] 5.3.2 STRENGTHENING OF MARITIME LABOUR STANDARDS 484
5.3.3 RECONCILIATION OF PROFESSIONAL, PRIVATE AND FAMILY LIFE 485 5.3.4
PROTECTING EUROPEAN HEALTHCARE WORKERS FROM BLOOD-BORNE INFECTIONS DUE
TO NEEDLE-STICK INJURIES 488 5.3.5 CONSULTATION ON CROSS-BORDER
TRANSFERS OF UNDERTAKINGS 489 5.3.6 MORE AND BETTER SEAFARING JOBS 490
5.3.7 CONSULTATION ON EQUAL TREATMENT BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN ENGAGED IN A
SELF-EMPLOYED ACTIVITY 491 5.4 INTERIM CONCLUSIONS: EVALUATION OF THE
OUTCOMES 491 5.4.1 FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE 491 5.4.1.1 THE DOUBLE
SHADOW OF THE LAW 491 5.4.1.2 NEO-FUNCTIONALISM AGAIN: MUTUAL LEARNING
STILL MATTERS 493 5.4.1.3 FAILURES OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE:
LIMITS OF SELF-REGULATION AND NEW GOVERNANCE 493 5.4.1.4 AUTONOMOUS
AGREEMENTS: A PARADIGM CASE OF SELF-REGULATION 495 5.4.1.5 FROM HARD TO
SOFT LAW 496 5.4.2 FROM A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE 497 5.4.2.1
EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY VIA DE-BLOCKING COMMUNITY METHOD DECISION
TRAPS 497 5.4.2.2 EURO-PESSIMISTS VS EURO-OPTIMISTS 498 5.4.2.3 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE: TOWARDS MORE NATIONAL SOCIAL DIALOGUE 502
5.4.2.4 VOLUNTARY/AUTONOMOUS AGREEMENTS: TOWARDS MORE SUBSIDIARITY AND
PROPORTIONALITY 503 5.4.2.5 FAILURES OF SOCIAL DIALOGUE: NO COMMON
GROUNDS, DELAY TACTICS, 'NO STICK BEHIND THE DOOR' AND - AGAIN -
SUBSIDIARITY 508 5.4.2.5.1 EUROPEAN WORKS COUNCILS: NO COMMON GROUNDS
508 5.4.2.5.2 INFORMATION AND CONSULTATION: DELAY TACTICS 510 5.4.2.5.3
BURDEN OF PROOF: SUBSIDIARITY- MATTERS 511 5.4.2.5.4 TEMPORARY AGENCY
WORK: SOCIAL DIALOGUE OUT OF STEAM 51 1 5.4.2.5.5 WORKING-TIME
DIRECTIVE: 'NO STICK BEHIND THE DOOR' 512 XVIII TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSIONS, ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATIONS 513 6.1 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE: TOWARDS AN
INTEGRATED FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE 513 6.1.1 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF INDUSTRIAL-RELATIONS THEORY:
NEO-CORPORATIST, INTEGRATIVE AND AUTOPOIETIC 514 6.1.1.1 A CORPORATIST
SOCIAL POLICY COMMUNITY 514 6.1.1.2 INTEGRATIVE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING
518 6.1.1.3 AUTOPOIETIC SUBSYSTEM OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 518 6.1.1.4 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE VS NATIONAL INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS 519 6.1.2 THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF EC LAW: FROM NATIONAL TO
SUPRANATIONAL, FROM HARD TO SOFT LAW, FROM REGULATORY TO SELF-REGULATORY
520 6.1.3 THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE IN LIGHT OF EC INTEGRATION
THEORY: NEO-FUNCTIONAL, MULTI-LEVEL/DELIBERATIVE/NEW/NETWORK GOVERNANCE
523 6.1.3.1 THE ACTORS: MORE NEO-FUNCTIONAL THAN INTERGOVERNMENTAL 523
6.1.3.2 THE PROCESS: MORE NEO-FUNCTIONAL THAN INTERGOVERNMENTAL 525
6.1.3.3 FUNCTIONAL SPILL-OVER 527 6.1.3.4 POLITICAL SPILL-OVER 527
6.1.3.5 CULTIVATED SPILL-OVER 529 6.1.3.6 THE FUNCTIONAL SCOPE OF THE
EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE 531 6.1.3.7 DELIBERATIVE NETWORK GOVERNANCE 533
6.1.3.8 A NEW FORM OF GOVERNANCE 535 6.1.4 TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED
ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE 537 6.1.5 TAKING
STOCK OF THEORY AND SPIN-OFFS FOR THEORY BUILDING 539 6.2 THE EUROPEAN
SOCIAL DIALOGUE FROM A NORMATIVE PERSPECTIVE: AN ASSESSMENT IN LIGHT OF
THE CRITERIA FOR GOOD GOVERNANCE 543 6.2.1 TOWARDS MORE OPENNESS AND
TRANSPARENCY? 543 6.2.2 TOWARDS MORE PARTICIPATION? 544 6.2.3 TOWARDS
MORE ACCOUNTABILITY? 546 6.2.4 TOWARDS MORE EFFECTIVENESS? 547 6.2.5
TOWARDS MORE COHERENCE? 550 6.2.6 TOWARDS MORE PROPORTIONALITY AND
SUBSIDIARITY? 550 6.2.7 TOWARDS MORE LEGITIMACY? 553 6.2.8 TOWARDS GOOD
GOVERNANCE? 558 6.2.9 TOWARDS SOCIAL JUSTICE? 560 TABLE OF CONTENTS XIX
6.3 RECOMMENDATIONS 562 6.3.1 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE ACTORS 563 6.3.1.1
ENHANCE REPRESENTATIVENESS OF THE SOCIAL PARTNERS 563 6.3.1.2 MORE
DEFINED RULES OF REPRESENTATIVENESS 564 6.3.1.3 SOCIAL PARTNERS TO
BECOME PRIVILEGED PLAINTIFFS IN ARTICLE 230 EC PROCEDURE (ACTION FOR
ANNULMENT) 565 6.3.1.4 REFORM OF BUSINESSEUROPE'S DECISION-MAKING
PROCEDURE: FROM UNANIMITY TO QMV 566 6.3.1.5 STRENGTHEN THE SECTORAL
CAPACITIES OF THE EU-LEVEL EMPLOYERS 566 6.3.1.6 MORE OPENNESS AND
TRANSPARENCY OF THE ACTORS 567 6.3.2 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE PROCESSES
567 6.3.2.1 REGULAR MEETINGS BETWEEN THE COMMISSION AND THE SOCIAL
PARTNERS 567 6.3.2.2 ENHANCED PARTICIPATION OF THE EP IN THE PROCESS 568
6.3.2.3 ENHANCED PARTICIPATION OF THE EESC IN THE PROCESS 569 6.3.2.4
ENHANCED PARTICIPATION OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN THE PROCESS 569 6.3.2.5
EXTEND TIME LIMITS FOR FIRST AND SECOND CONSULTATION OF THE SOCIAL
PARTNERS 570 6.3.2.6 COMMISSION TO MOTIVATE ITS DECISION ON
REPRESENTATIVENESS 571 6.3.2.7 COUNCIL TO MOTIVATE ITS DECISION NOT TO
TAKE OVER EUROPEAN COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS 571 6.3.2.8 EU-LEVEL/NATIONAL
DISPUTE-RESOLUTION MECHANISMS 572 6.3.2.8.1 VIA THE SDC AND THE SSDC 572
6.3.2.8.2 VIA A EUROPEAN SERVICE FOR MEDIATION AND CONCILIATION (EMCS)
573 6.3.2.8.3 VIA NATIONAL DISPUTE RESOLUTION MECHANISMS 573 6.3.2.9
CODE OF PROCEDURE/INTER-INSTITUTIONAL AGREEMENT FOR THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL
DIALOGUE 574 6.3.2.10 MORE OPENNESS AND TRANSPARENCY OF THE PROCESSES
574 6.3.3 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE OUTCOMES 575 6.3.3.1 PROPOSAL FOR A
TYPOLOGY OF SOCIAL-DIALOGUE OUTCOMES 575 6.3.3.2 PROPOSAL FOR A
CHECKLIST OF SOCIAL-DIALOGUE OUTCOMES 575 6.3.3.3 AGREEMENTS TO POINT
OUT THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE AND TO BE PUBLISHED IN THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL
575 XX TABLE OF CONTENTS 6.3.3.4 SOCIAL PARTNERS TO STRENGTHEN THEIR
IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING CAPACITIES FOR AUTONOMOUS AGREEMENTS 576
6.3.3.5 EUROPEAN SOCIAL PARTNERS TO ADOPT A BASIC AGREEMENT ON
COLLECTIVE AGREEMENTS 577 6.3.3.6 PROPOSAL TO RE-PHRASE ARTICLE 139 (1)
EC 577 6.3.3.7 MORE OPENNESS AND TRANSPARENCY OF THE OUTCOMES 578
BIBLIOGRAPHY 579 INDEX 649 |
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| author | Welz, Christian |
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| id | DE-604.BV035027455 |
| illustrated | Illustrated |
| index_date | 2024-07-02T21:48:32Z |
| indexdate | 2025-02-28T15:00:41Z |
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| spelling | Welz, Christian Verfasser aut The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes Christian Welz Alphen aan den Rijn [u.a.] Kluwer Law International 2008 XXIII, 659 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Studies in Employment and Social Policy 36 Wolters Kluwer Law & Business Zugl.: Nijmegen, Univ., Diss., 2007 Europäische Union European Union Europäische Gemeinschaft Vertrag zur Gründung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft (DE-588)4345523-2 gnd rswk-swf Maastrichter Vertrag 1992 Februar 07 (DE-588)4131754-3 gnd rswk-swf Industrial relations European Union countries Labor policy European Union countries Rechtsetzung (DE-588)4048786-6 gnd rswk-swf Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd rswk-swf Sozialpartner (DE-588)4055874-5 gnd rswk-swf Mitwirkung (DE-588)4140386-1 gnd rswk-swf Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten (DE-588)4113937-9 Hochschulschrift gnd-content Maastrichter Vertrag 1992 Februar 07 (DE-588)4131754-3 u Sozialpartner (DE-588)4055874-5 s Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 s DE-604 Europäische Gemeinschaft Vertrag zur Gründung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft (DE-588)4345523-2 u Mitwirkung (DE-588)4140386-1 s Rechtsetzung (DE-588)4048786-6 s 1\p DE-604 Studies in Employment and Social Policy 36 (DE-604)BV013516597 36 GBV Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=016696490&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Welz, Christian The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes Studies in Employment and Social Policy Europäische Union European Union Europäische Gemeinschaft Vertrag zur Gründung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft (DE-588)4345523-2 gnd Maastrichter Vertrag 1992 Februar 07 (DE-588)4131754-3 gnd Industrial relations European Union countries Labor policy European Union countries Rechtsetzung (DE-588)4048786-6 gnd Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd Sozialpartner (DE-588)4055874-5 gnd Mitwirkung (DE-588)4140386-1 gnd |
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| title | The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes |
| title_auth | The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes |
| title_exact_search | The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes |
| title_exact_search_txtP | The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes |
| title_full | The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes Christian Welz |
| title_fullStr | The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes Christian Welz |
| title_full_unstemmed | The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty actors, processes, outcomes Christian Welz |
| title_short | The European social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the EC treaty |
| title_sort | the european social dialogue under articles 138 and 139 of the ec treaty actors processes outcomes |
| title_sub | actors, processes, outcomes |
| topic | Europäische Union European Union Europäische Gemeinschaft Vertrag zur Gründung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft (DE-588)4345523-2 gnd Maastrichter Vertrag 1992 Februar 07 (DE-588)4131754-3 gnd Industrial relations European Union countries Labor policy European Union countries Rechtsetzung (DE-588)4048786-6 gnd Recht (DE-588)4048737-4 gnd Sozialpartner (DE-588)4055874-5 gnd Mitwirkung (DE-588)4140386-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Europäische Union European Union Europäische Gemeinschaft Vertrag zur Gründung der Europäischen Gemeinschaft Maastrichter Vertrag 1992 Februar 07 Industrial relations European Union countries Labor policy European Union countries Rechtsetzung Recht Sozialpartner Mitwirkung Europäische Union. Mitgliedsstaaten Hochschulschrift |
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