Marine mammals: evolutionary biology
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Amsterdam [u.a.]
Elsevier, Acad. Press
2006
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | X, 547, 16 S. Ill., graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9780120885527 0120885522 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804145216629768192 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Marine Mammals:
Evolutionary Biology
2nd Edition
Annalisa Berta
Department of Biology
San Diego State University
San Diego, California
James L Sumich
Biology Department
Grossmont College
EtCajon, California
Biodiversity Programme
Norwegian Polar Institute
Tromso, Norway
With illustrations by
Pieter Arend Folkens
A Higher Porpoise Design Group
Benecia California
Peter J Adam
Department of Biology
San Diego State University
San Diego, California
Kit M Kovacs
ELSEVIER
CONTENTS
Preface ix
Acknowledgments x
1 Introduction 1
1 1 Marine Mammals—What Are They? 1
1 2 Adaptations for Aquatic Life 1
1 3 Scope and Use of This Book 2
1 4 Time Scale 2
1 5 Early Observations of Marine Mammals 3
1 6 Emergence of Marine Mammal Science 7
1 7 Further Reading and Resources 9
References 9
PART I: EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY
2 Systematics and Classification 12
2 1 Introduction: Systematics—What Is It and Why Do It? 12
2 2 Some Basic Terminology and Concepts 13
2 3 How Do You Do Cladistics? 17
2 4 Testing Phylogenetic Hypotheses 19
2 5 Going Beyond the Phylogenetic Framework: Elucidating
Evolutionary and Ecological Patterns 21
2 6 Taxonomy and Classification 22
2 7 Summary and Conclusions 24
2 8 Further Reading 24
References 24
v
vi Contents
3 Pinniped Evolution and Systematics 27
3 1 Introduction 27
3 2 Origin and Evolution 27
3 3 Summary and Conclusions 46
3 4 Further Reading 47
References 47
4 Cetacean Evolution and Systematics 51
4 1 Introduction 51
4 2 Origin and Evolution 51
4 3 Summary and Conclusions 81
4 4 Further Reading 81
References 82
5 Sirenians and Other Marine Mammals: Evolution and Systematics 89
5 1 Introduction 89
5 2 Origin and Evolution of Sirenians 89
5 3 The Extinct Sirenian Relatives—Desmostylia 98
5 4 The Extinct Marine Bear-Like Carnivoran, Kolponomos 100
5 5 The Extinct Aquatic Sloth, Thalassocnus natans 102
5 6 The Sea Otter, Enhydra lutris 102
5 7 The Polar Bear, Ursus maritimus 105
5 8 Summary and Conclusions 105
5 9 Further Reading 107
References 107
6 EvolutionaryBiogeography 111
6 1 Introduction—What Is Biogeography and Why Is It Important? 111
6 2 Ecological Factors Affecting Distributions of Marine Mammals 111
6 3 Present-Patterns of Distribution 117
6 4 Reconstructing Biogeographic Patterns 119
6 5 Past Patterns of Distribution 121
6 6 Summary and Conclusions 127
6 7 Further Reading and Resources 128
References 129
PART II: EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, ECOLOGY, AND BEHAVIOR
7 Integumentary and Sensory Systems 132
7 1 Introduction 132
7 2 Integumentary System 132
7 3 Nerves and Sense Organs 148
7 4 Summary and Conclusions 156
Contents Vll
7 5 Further Reading 157
References 157
8 Musculoskeletal System and Locomotion 165
8 1 Introduction 165
8 2 Pinnipeds 165
8 3 Cetaceans 178
8 4 Sirenians 195
8 5 Sea Otter 200
8 6 Polar Bear 203
8 7 Summary and Conclusions 203
8 8 Further Reading 205
References 206
9 Energetics 213
9 1 Introduction 213
9 2 Metabolic Rates 213
9 3 Thermoregulation 217
9 4 Energetics of Locomotion 223
9 5 Osmoregulation 229
9 6 Summary and Conclusions 231
9 7 Further Reading 232
References 232
10 Respiration and Diving Physiology 237
10 1 Introduction 237
10 2 Problems of Deep and Prolonged Dives for Breath-Holders 237
10 3 Pulmonary and Circulatory Adaptations to Diving 239
10 4 Diving Response 252
10 5 Diving Behavior and Phylogenetic Patterns 254
10 6 Summary and Conclusions 262
10 7 Further Reading 262
References 262
11 Sound Production for Communication, Echolocation, and Prey Capture 270
11 1 Introduction 270
11 2 Sound Propagation in Air and Water 270
11 3 Anatomy and Physiology of Sound Production and Reception 272
11 4 Functions of Intentionally Produced Sounds 284
11 5 Acoustic Thermometry of Ocean Climate and Low-Frequency
Military Sonars 302
11 6 Summary and Conclusions 303
11 7 Further Reading 304
References 305
viii Contents
12 Diet, Foraging Structures, and Strategies 312
12 1 Introduction 312
12 2 Seasonal and Geographical Patterns of Prey Abundance 313
12 3 Adaptations for Foraging in Pinnipeds 314
12 4 Feeding Specializations of Cetaceans 324
12 5 Feeding Specializations of Sirenians 344
12 6 Feeding Specializations of Other Marine Mammals 350
12 7 Summary and Conclusions 354
12 8 Further Reading 355
References 355
13 Reproductive Structures, Strategies, and Patterns 363
13 1 Introduction 363
13 2 Anatomy and Physiology of the Reproductive System 365
13 3 Mating Systems 377
13 4 Lactation Strategies 395
13 5 Reproductive Patterns 402
13 6 Summary and Conclusions 405
13 7 Further Reading 406
References 407
14 Population Structure and Dynamics 416
14 1 Introduction 416
14 2 Abundance and Its Determination in Marine Mammals 417
14 3 Techniques for Monitoring Populations 419
14 4 Population Structure and Dynamics 432
14 5 Summary and Conclusions 444
14 6 Further Reading 445
References 445
15 Exploitation andConservation 456
15 1 Introduction 456
15 2 ) Commercial Exploitation of Marine Mammals 456
15 37 Legal Framework for Marine Mammal Conservation and Protection 460
15 4 Incidental Taking of Marine Mammals 466
15 5 Environmental Contaminants 472
15 6 Single Beachings vs Mass Strandings 475
15 7 Ecotourism 478
15 8 Progress and the Future 480
15 9 Summary and Conclusions 483
15 10 Further Reading 483
References 484
Appendix: Classification of Marine Mammals 491
Glossary 513
Index 521
|
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| spelling | Berta, Annalisa 1952- Verfasser (DE-588)1145068987 aut Marine mammals evolutionary biology Annalisa Berta ; James L. Sumich ; Kit M. Kovacs 2. ed. Amsterdam [u.a.] Elsevier, Acad. Press 2006 X, 547, 16 S. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Meeressäugetiere (DE-588)4169251-2 gnd rswk-swf Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd rswk-swf Evolutionsbiologie (DE-588)4153283-1 gnd rswk-swf Meeressäugetiere (DE-588)4169251-2 s Evolutionsbiologie (DE-588)4153283-1 s DE-188 Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 s 1\p DE-604 Sumich, James L. Verfasser aut Kovacs, Kit M. 1956- Verfasser (DE-588)1170924522 aut Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe 978-0-08-048934-6 0-08-048934-6 (DE-604)BV042313501 HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022170701&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk |
| spellingShingle | Berta, Annalisa 1952- Sumich, James L. Kovacs, Kit M. 1956- Marine mammals evolutionary biology Meeressäugetiere (DE-588)4169251-2 gnd Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd Evolutionsbiologie (DE-588)4153283-1 gnd |
| subject_GND | (DE-588)4169251-2 (DE-588)4006851-1 (DE-588)4153283-1 |
| title | Marine mammals evolutionary biology |
| title_auth | Marine mammals evolutionary biology |
| title_exact_search | Marine mammals evolutionary biology |
| title_full | Marine mammals evolutionary biology Annalisa Berta ; James L. Sumich ; Kit M. Kovacs |
| title_fullStr | Marine mammals evolutionary biology Annalisa Berta ; James L. Sumich ; Kit M. Kovacs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marine mammals evolutionary biology Annalisa Berta ; James L. Sumich ; Kit M. Kovacs |
| title_short | Marine mammals |
| title_sort | marine mammals evolutionary biology |
| title_sub | evolutionary biology |
| topic | Meeressäugetiere (DE-588)4169251-2 gnd Biologie (DE-588)4006851-1 gnd Evolutionsbiologie (DE-588)4153283-1 gnd |
| topic_facet | Meeressäugetiere Biologie Evolutionsbiologie |
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