Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults:
Gespeichert in:
1. Verfasser: | |
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Format: | Buch |
Sprache: | English |
Veröffentlicht: |
Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; London ; Paris ; Tokyo
Springer
1987
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Schlagworte: | |
Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
Beschreibung: | XXIII, 536 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
ISBN: | 3540162860 0387162860 |
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100 | 1 | |a Tönnis, Dietrich |d 1927-2010 |e Verfasser |0 (DE-588)1030302847 |4 aut | |
240 | 1 | 0 | |a Die angeborene Hüftdysplasie und Hüftluxation im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults |c Dietrich Tönnis |
264 | 1 | |a Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; London ; Paris ; Tokyo |b Springer |c 1987 | |
300 | |a XXIII, 536 S. |b zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. | ||
336 | |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Hüftgelenkluxation |0 (DE-588)4133197-7 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
650 | 0 | 7 | |a Hüftdysplasie |0 (DE-588)4127503-2 |2 gnd |9 rswk-swf |
689 | 0 | 0 | |a Hüftdysplasie |0 (DE-588)4127503-2 |D s |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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adam_text | TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 ANATOMIC ASPECTS 1
1.1 ANATOMY OF THE HIP JOINT 1
1.1.1 THE ACETABULUM 1
1.1.2 POSITION OF THE ACETABULUM 3
1.1.3 THE FEMORAL HEAD 3
1.1.4 THE FEMORAL NECK 3
1.1.5 ANGLE OF FEMORAL TORSION 4
1.1.6 FEMORAL SHAFT AXIS, MECHANICAL AXIS, AND KNEE JOINT
AXIS 5
1.1.7 TIBIAL TORSION 5
1.1.8 THE ROLE OF THE ACETABULAR LABRUM AND ATMOSPHERIC
PRESSURE IN STABILIZING THE HIP 6
1.1.9 THE CAPSULE AND LIGAMENTS OF THE HIP 6
1.1.10 THE MUSCLES OF THE HIP 7
1.2 VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE HIP 9
1.2.1 VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE FEMORAL HEAD AND FEMORAL NECK 9
1.2.2 VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE ACETABULUM 10
1.3 INNERVATION OF THE HIP JOINT 12
2 DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIP JOINT 13
2.1 DEVELOPMENT OF THE ACETABULUM 13
2.2 PRINCIPLES OF PELVIC GROWTH 14
2.2.1 EXTERNAL APPOSITION (PERICHONDRIAL AND PERIOSTEAL) .... 14
2.2.2 INTERNAL, PROPORTIONAL RESORPTION IN THE PELVIC APERTURE . 14
2.2.3 CHONDRAL GROWTH PRINCIPLE 14
2.2.4 DETAILS OF GROWTH 15
2.3 DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR 16
2.4 FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GROWTH AND SHAPE
OF THE PROXIMAL FEMUR 17
2.4.1 STATIC FORCES 17
2.4.2 MUSCULAR FORCES 19
2.5 SHAPE AND POSITION OF THE HIP JOINT DURING DEVELOPMENT 20
2.6 GROWTH OF THE JUVENILE HIP JOINT AS ESTABLISHED FROM
PLANIMETRIC MEASUREMENTS 21
HTTP://D-NB.INFO/860798526
XII TABLE OF CONTENTS
3 DEVELOPMENT OF THE VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE HIP JOINT
AND ITS VARIATIONS WITH REFERENCE TO ISCHEMIA
3.1 VASCULAR PATTERN AT BIRTH
3.2 INFANTILE PHASE (FROM ABOUT FOUR MONTHS TO FOUR YEARS)
3.3 INTERMEDIATE PHASE FROM ABOUT FOUR TO SEVEN YEARS . . .
3.4 PREADOLESCENT PHASE FROM 9 TO 10 YEARS
3.5 ADOLESCENT PHASE
3.6 VARIATIONS OF THE VASCULAR PATTERN
3.7 CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
4 INTRODUCTION TO THE BIOMECHANICS OF THE HIP
(H. LEGAL)
4.1 GENERAL
4.2 LOADS AND STRESSES ON THE HIP
4.3 CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE BIOMECHANICS OF THE HIP
(LITERATURE SURVEY)
4.4 ANATOMIC ASPECTS
4.5 RADIOGRAPHIC ASPECTS
4.6 PRINCIPLES OF BIOMECHANICAL ANALYSIS
4.7 THE LOAD ON THE HIP
4.7.1 LOAD MODEL
4.7.2 DISCUSSION OF GEOMETRIC PARAMETERS USED TO DETERMINE
THE HIP LOAD
4.7.3 PROCEDURE FOR CALCULATING THE HIP LOAD
4.7.4 REMARKS ON LOAD CALCULATIONS
4.8 THE STRESS ON THE HIP
4.8.1 MODEL FOR CALCULATING JOINT PRESSURE
(MAXIMUM PRESSURE, EQUAL PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION) ....
4.8.2 CORRECTION OF THE PRESSURE CALCULATION (POSITION OF THE
FEMORAL HEAD CENTER C, ACETABULAR ANTEVERSION) . . . .
4.8.3 CALCULATION OF WEIGHT-BEARING AREA WITH ALLOWANCE
FOR THE MEAN INLET PLANE
4.8.4 PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION
(LINEAR PRESSURE RISE, HOOKE S LAW)
4.9 EXPLICIT CALCULATION OF LOAD AND STRESS
4.9.1 THE NORMAL HIP
4.9.2 ILLUSTRATIVE CASE
4.9.3 PUBLISHED REPORTS ON BIOMECHANICAL DATA IN THE NORMAL
HIP
4.10 STANDARD TREATMENTS OF HIP DYSPLASIA IN ADULTS
AND THEIR BIOMECHANICAL EFFICACY
4.10.1 INTERTROCHANTERIC OSTEOTOMIES
4.10.2 TROCHANTERIC TRANSFER
4.10.3 PELVIC OPERATIONS
4.11 QUESTIONS RELATING TO THE PLANNING OF OPERATIVE TACTICS .
4.12 CONCLUSION
23
23
24
24
24
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25
26
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27
28
32
35
36
36
38
40
41
41
41
44
45
45
46
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50
50
51
51
53
54
55
56
TABLE OF CONTENTS XIII
5 ETIOLOGY OF CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP 58
5.1 OLDER CAUSATION THEORIES 58
5.2 ANATOMIC AND RACIAL PREDISPOSITION 58
5.3 PREVALENCE AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION 59
5.4 SEX INCIDENCE AND RATIO OF AFFECTED SIDES 59
5.5 INHERITANCE 61
5.6 EXOGENOUS, MECHANICAL CAUSATIVE FACTORS 62
5.7 THE STUDY OF P. M. DUNN 62
5.8 FURTHER STUDIES ON MECHANICAL CAUSATIVE FACTORS .... 64
5.9 HORMONAL EFFECTS ON THE HIP CAPSULE 66
5.10 CAPSULAR AND LIGAMENT LAXITY 67
5.11 SEASONAL INFLUENCES 68
5.12 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 69
6 PATHOLOGIC ANATOMY OF CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP . 71
6.1 GRADE 1 DISLOCATION OF THE HIP 71
6.2 GRADE 2 DISLOCATION OF THE HIP 71
6.3 GRADE 3 DISLOCATION OF THE HIP 73
6.4 DIRECTION OF DISLOCATION AND ORIENTATION
OF THE ACETABULUM 76
6.5 THE PROXIMAL FEMUR 77
6.5.1 COXA VALGA 77
6.5.2 FEMORAL ANTETORSION 77
6.5.3 THE FEMORAL HEAD 78
6.6 VASCULAR SUPPLY IN HIGH DISLOCATIONS 79
6.7 THE MUSCLES IN CONGENTIAL DISLOCATION OF THE HIP .... 79
7 NOMENCLATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF CONGENITAL HIP
DISLOCATION 80
7.1 NOMENCLATURE 80
7.2 CLASSIFICATION OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION
AND ANATOMIC FINDINGS 80
7.3 GRADES OF DISLOCATION ACCORDING TO HOWORTH AND DUNN . 81
7.4 GRADES OF DISLOCATION ACCORDING TO THE CSHD 83
7.5 GRAF S CLASSIFICATION BY SONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE .... 83
8 CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF THE HIP 84
8.1 HISTORY .XO4
8.1.1 NEWBORNS AND INFANTS . 84
8.1.2 OLDER CHILDREN AND ADULTS ... 84
8.2 EXAMINATION DURING WALKING AND STANDING 84
8.2.1 LIMP WITH A POSITIVE TRENDELENBURG SIGN 84
8.2.2 LIMP DUE TO SHORTENING T 85
8.2.3 LIMP DUE TO PAIN X. ^
8.2.4 LIMP DUE TO ANKYLOSIS /V. 85
8.2.5 EXAMINATION IN STANCE . . 85
XIV
TABLE OF CONTENTS
8.3 TESTING THE RANGE OF HIP MOTION IN OLDER CHILDREN
AND ADULTS 87
8.3.1 FLEXION AND EXTENSION . . 87
8.3.2 ABDUCTION AND ADDUCTION 88
8.3.3 INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ROTATION 88
8.4 TESTING THE RANGE OF HIP MOTION IN NEWBORNS 88
8.5 LIMITATIONS OF HIP MOTION IN CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA
AND DISLOCATION 90
8.6 FURTHER TESTS FOR EXCLUSION OF HIP DYSPLASIA AND
DISLOCATION IN INFANTS 91
8.6.1 LEG LENGTH EXAMINATION IN INFANTS 91
8.6.2 SKIN RELIEF AND SKIN FOLDS 91
8.6.3 MANUAL EXAMINATION OF THE HIP 93
8.6.4 EXPANDED CLASSIFICATION OF PALPATORY FINDINGS 93
8.6.5 TECHNIQUES OF MANUAL EXAMINATION 94
A) ORTOLANI S EXAMINATION 94
B) EXAMINATION OF COLEMAN AND PALMEN 94
C) BARLOW S EXAMINATION 94
D) DISLOCATION AND REDUCTION SIGN OF KLOPFER 94
E) OUR EXAMINATION TECHNIQUE 96
8.7 ANATOMIC BASIS OF THE ROSER-ORTOLANI SIGN 97
8.8 DRY HIP CLICK 98
8.9 NAMING THE ROSER-ORTOLANI SIGN 99
8.10 DEFINITION OF THE ROSER-ORTOLANI SIGN 99
8.11 LUDLOFF S SIGN 99
9 GENERAL RADIOGRAPHY OF THE HIP JOINT 100
9.1 RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE ACETABULUM 100
9.1.1 AP PELVIC FILMFOREVALUATINGTHE LATERAL ACETABULAR ROOF. 100
9.1.2 FAUX PROFIL VIEW FOR DEMONSTRATING THE ANTERIOR
ACETABULAR ROOF 101
9.1.3 VIEW OF CHASSARD AND LAPINE FOR EVALUATING THE
POSTERIOR ACETABULAR RIM AND ACETABULAR ANTEVERSION . . 103
9.1.4 VIEW OF DUNLAP ET AL. FOR EVALUATING THE POSTERIOR
ACETABULAR RIM AND ACETABULAR ANTEVERSION 103
9.2 RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE FEMORAL NECK 103
9.2.1 FRONTAL (ANTEROPOSTERIOR) VIEW 103
9.2.2 LATERAL VIEWS OF THE FEMORAL NECK 104
A) AXIAL HIP VIEWS OF DUNN, RIPPSTEIN AND MULLER FOR
EVALUATING FEMORAL ANTETORSION 104
B) AXIAL ORTHOGRADE VIEW OF THE HIP FOR EVALUATING THE
SECOND PLANE OF THE FEMORAL HEAD AND NECK 105
C) AXIAL VIEWS OF THE HIP IN THE VERTICAL PROJECTION
(LAUENSTEIN S VIEW) AND IN THE HORIZONTAL PROJECTION
(SVEN JOHANSSON S VIEW) 106
9.3 FUNCTIONAL VIEWS OF THE HIP JOINT 106
9.3.1 VIEW OF ANDREN AND VON ROSEN FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF HIP
DISLOCATION 106
9.3.2 ABDUCTION-MEDIAL ROTATION VIEW (LANGE S POSITION)
IN SMALL CHILDREN 107
9.3.3 FUNCTIONAL VIEWS IN OLDER CHILDREN AND ADULTS 107
TABLE OF CONTENTS XV
9.4 COMMONLY USED REFERENCE LINES FOR THE DIAGNOSIS
OF HIP DISLOCATION IN NEWBORNS AND INFANTS 108
9.4.1 HILGENREINER S LINE 108
9.4.2 LINE OF OMBREDANNE AND PERKINS 108
9.4.3 THE EPIPHYSEAL TRIANGLE OF MITTELMEIER FOR EVALUATING
THE POSITION OF THE CAPITAL FEMORAL OSSIFICATION CENTER . 108
9.4.4 LINEAR MEASUREMENTS OF TROCHANTERIC HEIGHT AND
FEMORAL DISPLACEMENT 108
9.4.5 ORIENTING LINE OF SHENTON AND MENARD 109
9.4.6 ORIENTING LINE OF CALVE 110
9.4.7 PARALLELOGRAM OF KOPITS 110
9.4.8 MEASUREMENTS FOR DIAGNOSING HIP INSTABILITY IN CHILDREN
AND ADOLESCENTS 110
9.5 RADIOGRAPHIC INDICATORS OF CORRECT POSITIONING 112
9.5.1 QUOTIENT OF PELVIC ROTATION (TONNIS AND BRUNKEN) . . . .112
9.5.2 AP PELVIC TILT (TONNIS AND BRUNKEN) 112
9.5.3 PELVIC TILT INDEX (BALL AND KOMMENDA) 113
9.5.4 NEUTRAL POSITION OF THE FEMORAL NECK 113
9.6 RADIOGRAPHIC INDICATORS OF HIP DYSPLASIA 113
9.6.1 ACETABULAR INLET PLANE 113
A) MEASURING THE TRANSVERSE ACETABULAR INCLINATION
(AFTER ULLMANN, SHARP, STULBERG AND HARRIS) 115
B) ANTEVERSION OF THE ACETABULAR INLET PLANE
(AS MEASURED BY THE RADIOGRAPHIC PROJECTION
OF CHASSARD AND LAPINE AND CT) 116
9.6.2 THE ACETABULAR INDEX 116
A) ACETABULAR INDEX OF HILGENREINER (AC ANGLE) 116
B) ACETABULAR INDEX OF THE WEIGHT-BEARING ZONE IN
ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS 119
C) ACM ANGLE OF IDELBERGER AND FRANK 120
9.6.3 ANGLES WHICH EVALUATE THE FEMORAL HEAD-ACETABULAR
RELATIONSHIP 121
A) LATERAL COVERAGE: THE CENTER-EDGE (CE) ANGLE OF
WIBERG 121
B) ANTERIOR COVERAGE:
VCA ANGLE OF LEQUESNE AND DE SEZE 121
C) ENTRY ANGLE OF VON LANZ 123
D) COMPOSITE EVALUATION OF THE HIP JOINT
(THE HIP VALUE ) 123
9.6.4 ANGULAR MEASUREMENTS OF THE FEMORAL NECK 124
A) THE NECK-SHAFT ANGLE (CCD ANGLE =
CENTRUM-COLLUM-DIAPHYSEAL ANGLE OF M. E. MULLER) . 124
B) THE ANTETORSION ANGLE (AT ANGLE)
OF DUNN-RIPPSTEIN-MULLER 130
9.7 ANGLE CHANGES CAUSED BY POSITIONING ERRORS .131
9.7.1 THE AP PELVIC VIEW 131
9.7.2 THE ANTETORSION VIEW 132
9.8 NORMAL VALUES OF THE NECK-SHAFT ANGLE AND ANTETORSION 132
9.8.1 CCD ANGLE 132
9.8.2 AT ANGLE 133
XVI TABLE OF CONTENTS
9.9 HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF TORSION DETERMINATION . . . .134
9.9.1 DETERMINATION OF ANTETORSION FROM THE ANGLE OF MEDIAL
ROTATION 134
9.9.2 DETERMINATION OF THE AT ANGLE ON LATERAL RADIOGRAPHS . 134
9.9.3 DETERMINATION OF THE AT ANGLE IN ABDUCTION 134
9.9.4 DETERMINATION OF THE AT ANGLE ON ORTHOGRADE FILMS . . . 134
9.9.5 DETERMINATION OF TORSION USING THE PROJECTED
NECK-SHAFT ANGLE AND PROJECTED AT ANGLE IN ABDUCTION . 135
9.9.6 OTHER NEW TECHNIQUES 135
9.10 ANGLE OF THE CAPITAL FEMORAL EPIPHYSIS 135
9.10.1 DEFINING THE EPIPHYSEAL LINE . . . 135
9.10.2 EPIPHYSIS-TRIRADIATE CARTILAGE ANGLE (EY ANGLE)
OF CRAMER AND HAIKE 136
9.10.3 EPIPHYSIS-FEMORAL NECK ANGLE (KE ANGLE) OF JAGER
AND REFIOR 136
9.10.4 EPIPHYSIS-SHAFT ANGLE OF JONES AND IMMENKAMP 137
9.10.5 MALPROJECTION CAUSED BY ANTETORSION AND LATERAL
ROTATION 137
9.11 INDICES AND QUOTIENTS FOR EVALUATIONS OF THE HIP JOINT . . 137
9.11.1 DEFINITION 137
9.11.2 VARIOUS INDICES AND QUOTIENTS 138
10 ARTHROGRAPHY OF THE HIP JOINT 143
10.1 IMPORTANCE OF ARTHROGRAPHY 143
10.2 HISTORY OF ARTHROGRAPHY , 143
10.3 TECHNIQUE OF HIP ARTHROGRAPHY 143
10.3.1 SELECTING A CONTRAST MEDIUM 143
10.3.2 APPROACHES FOR ARTHROGRAPHY OF THE HIP 144
10.4 THE QUESTION OF HARMFUL EFFECTS 145
10.5 ARTHROGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE NORMAL HIP 146
10.6 ARTHROGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE ABNORMAL HIP 146
10.7 CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS AND THERAPEUTIC GUIDELINES
OF VARIOUS AUTHORS BASED ON ARTHROGRAPHIC FINDINGS . . 151
10.7.1 CLASSIFICATION OF LEVEUF AND BERTRAND 151
10.7.2 CLASSIFICATIONS OF HOWORTH, MITCHELL, DORR, AND
P.M.DUNN 152
10.7.3 GRADES OF DISLOCATION ACCORDING TO GUILLEMINETETAL. . . 152
10.7.4 OTHER CLASSIFICATIONS 152
10.7.5 ARTHROGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION OF ACETABULAR DYSPLASIA
UNACCOMPANIED BY DISLOCATION 152
10.7.6 CLASSIFICATION OF SCHWETLICK 152
10.7.7 PEIC S CLASSIFICATION OF LABRUM MORPHOLOGY 153
10.7.8 ARTHROGRAPHIC GRADES OF DISLOCATION ACCORDING
TO TONNIS 153
10.7.9 ARTHROGRAPHIC GRADES OF REDUCTION (TONNIS) 154
10.8 EVALUATION OF TREATMENT OPTIONS BASED ON ARTHROGRAMS . 155
TABLE OF CONTENTS XVII
11 COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY OF THE HIP JOINT 156
11.1 GENERAL 156
11.2 PREREQUISITES 156
11.3 POSITIONING 156
11.4 THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF PELVIC CT 157
11.5 INDICATION 157
11.6 ILLUSTRATIVE CASES 157
12 RADIATION EXPOSURE AND RADIATION PROTECTION 162
12.1 EFFECT OF RADIATION 162
12.2 RADIATION EXPOSURE AND GENETICALLY SIGNIFICANT DOSE . . 162
12.3 RADIATION PROTECTION 163
13 CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC SCHEMES FOR EVALUATING
THERAPEUTIC RESULTS 165
13.1 PROBLEMS OF HIP EVALUATION 165
13.2 EVALUATION SCHEME BASED ON GRADES OF DEVIATION
FROM NORMAL 166
13.2.1 CLINICAL FINDINGS 166
A) LIMITATION OF MOTION 166
B) TRENDELENBURG S SIGN 166
C) PAIN 166
13.2.2 RADIOGRAPHIC FINDINGS 167
A) GENERAL CRITERIA 167
B) CLASSIFICATION OF RADIOGRAPHIC INDICATORS BY THEIR
DEGREE OF DEVIATION FROM NORMAL 167
14 THE ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION OF THE HIP 172
(R. GRAF)
14.1 TECHNICAL PRINCIPLES 172
14.1.1 BASIC PHYSICAL CONCEPTS 172
14.1.2 THE PRODUCTION OF ULTRASOUND WAVES 172
14.1.3 PHYSICAL PHENOMENA THAT ARE IMPORTANT IN SONOGRAPHY . 173
14.1.4 TECHNIQUES FOR PRODUCING AN ULTRASOUND IMAGE 174
14.1.5 ARTIFACTS 174
14.1.6 REAL-TIME SCANNERS 175
14.2 PHYSICAL EFFECTS, BIOLOGIC EFFECTS, AND QUESTIONS
OF SAFETY 176
14.2.1 PHYSICAL EFFECTS 176
14.2.2 BIOLOGIC EFFECTS 176
14.3 ULTRASOUND INSTRUMENTS FOR ORTHOPEDIC APPLICATIONS . . 177
14.3.1 BASIC REQUIREMENTS OF THE ULTRASOUND INSTRUMENT
FOR USE IN THE INFANT HIP 177
14.3.2 LINEAR OR SECTOR SCANNER 177
14.3.3 ADJUSTING THE ULTRASOUND INSTRUMENT 178
14.3.4- INSTRUMENT ADJUSTMENTS FOR HIP SONOGRAPHY 178
XVIII TABLE OF CONTENTS
14.4 IMAGE DOCUMENTATION AND RECORDING SYSTEMS 178
14.4.1 BASIC REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DOCUMENTATION OF HIP
SONOGRAMS 178
14.4.2 RECORDING SYSTEMS 179
14.5 ANATOMIC ASPECTS OF HIP SONOGRAPHY 180
14.5.1 BEAM DIRECTION AND THE SOFT-TISSUE ENVELOPE 181
14.5.2 THE FEMORAL NECK, THE FEMORAL HEAD, AND THE CAPITAL
FEMORAL OSSIFICATION CENTER 182
14.5.3 THE ACETABULUM: ANATOMIC ASPECTS AND QUESTIONS
OF NOMENCLATURE 184
14.5.4 THE SONOGRAPHIC APPEARANCE OF THE ACETABULAR ROOF
AND PERICHONDRIUM 184
14.5.5 THE TOPOGRAPHIC RELATIONSHIPS OF THE LABRUM, THE
PERICHONDRIAL HOLE, AND THE PROXIMAL THIRD OF THE
PERICHONDRIUM 186
14.5.6 THE STANDARD SITUATION 187
14.5.7 THE FLUID FILM 188
14.5.8 THE ECHOGENICITY OF THE ACETABULAR FOSSA 188
14.6 THE STANDARD PLANE, MEASURING TECHNIQUE, AND ERRORS
OF MEASUREMENT 189
14.6.1 THE PROBLEM OF THE STANDARD PLANE 189
14.6.2 CONCLUSION AND DEFINITION OF THE STANDARD PLANE 192
14.6.3 MEASURING TECHNIQUE AND ERRORS OF MEASUREMENT .... 192
14.7 GRADES OF DISLOCATION ON SONOGRAMS
(SONOGRAPHIC HIP TYPES) 196
14.7.1 DESCRIPTION OF FINDINGS 196
14.7.2 TYPE 1 HIP 197
14.7.3 TYPE 2 HIP 197
14.7.4 TYPE 3 A UND 3 B HIP 197
14.7.5 TYPE 4 HIP 201
14.7.6 EVALUATING THE STRUCTURE OF THE ROOF CARTILAGE 203
14.8 SONOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENTS OF HIP MATURITY
WITH THE SONOMETER 205
14.8.1 THE SONOMETER 205
14.8.2 THE FINE DIFFERENTIATION OF HIP TYPES 207
14.8.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE A- AND /?- ANGLES 208
14.9 POSITIONING AND SCANNING TECHNIQUE 209
14.9.1 PRINCIPLE 209
14.9.2 THE POSITIONING APPARATUS 209
14.9.3 SCANNING TECHNIQUE 209
14.9.4 THE DYNAMIC EXAMINATION 211
14.10 SONOGRAPHIC FOLLOW-UPS, AND COMPARISONS
OF SONOGRAPHY, RADIOGRAPHY, AND ARTHROGRAPHY
(F. J. LANG AND D. TONNIS) 213
14.10.1 SONOGRAMS OF NORMAL HIPS AT VARIOUS AGE LEVELS . . . .213
14.10.2 INDIVIDUAL SONOGRAMS OF TYPE 2 A THROUGH 2 C HIPS . . . .215
14.10.3 MONITORING THE RESPONSE OF TYPE 2B-2D HIPS TO THERAPY 216
14.10.4 COMPARISONS OF SONOGRAMS AND RADIOGRAPHS 222
14.10.5 SONOGRAPHIC MONITORING OF THERAPEUTIC RESPONSE .... 224
TABLE OF CONTENTS XIX
15 DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL DYSPLASIA AND DISLOCATION
OF THE HIP AND INDICATIONS FOR THERAPEUTIC MEASURES .... 230
15.1 EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND INDICATIONS FOR THERAPEUTIC
MEASURES 230
15.5.1 GENERAL 230
15.1.2 FINDINGS ON CLINICAL EXAMINATION 230
15.1.3 ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE INDICATIONS FOR SONOGRAPHY
AND RADIOGRAPHY 232
15.1.4 SONOGRAPHIC DIAGNOSIS AND INDICATIONS FOR TREATMENT . .232
15.1.5 RADIOGRAPHY OF THE INFANT HIP AND ITS ROLE IN DIAGNOSIS
AND MANAGEMENT 235
15.2 LATE DIAGNOSIS 238
16 THE CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL DYSPLASIA
AND DISLOCATION OF THE HIP 240
16.1 TREATMENT OF HIP DYSPLASIA 240
16.2 TREATMENT OF THE DISLOCATED HIP 241
16.2.1 REDUCTION OF THE DISLOCATED HIP 241
16.2.2 RESOLUTION OF INSTABILITY (STABILIZATION PHASE) 243
16.2.3 RESOLUTION OF RESIDUAL DYSPLASIA 244
16.2.4 COMPLICATIONS OF CLOSED REDUCTIONS 244
17 TECHNIQUE OF THE CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF HIP DYSPLASIA
AND DISLOCATION 246
17.1 MANUAL REDUCTION METHODS 246
17.1.1 THE LORENZ TECHNIQUE OF MANUAL REDUCTION 246
17.1.2 THE LANGE TECHNIQUE OF MANUAL REDUCTION 246
17.2 METHODS OF IMMOBILIZING UNSTABLE AND DYSPLASTIC HIPS .246
17.2.1 THE VON ROSEN SPLINT 246
17.2.2 THE ABDUCTION PILLOWS OF BECKER AND MITTELMEIER . . . .247
17.2.3 ABDUCTION SPLINTS 248
17.3 HARNESSES FOR REDUCING THE DISLOCATED HIP 249
17.3.1 THE PAVLIK HARNESS 249
17.3.2 THE HOFFMANN-DAIMLER HARNESS . . 252
17.4 TRACTION IN THE TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION . 253
17.4.1 LONGITUDINAL TRACTION 253
17.4.2 TRACTION IN ABDUCTION AND MEDIAL ROTATION 254
17.4.3 OVERHEAD TRACTION 255
17.4.4 THE KRAMER METHOD OF HIP REDUCTION BY TRACTION . . . .256
17.5 REDUCTION OF THE HIP IN THE HANAUSEK APPARATUS 257
17.6 THE FETTWEIS SQUATTING POSITION OF CAST
IMMOBILIZATION 258
17.7 HIP REDUCTION UNDER ARTHROGRAPHIC CONTROL
(OUR TECHNIQUE) 261
XX TABLE OF CONTENTS
18 ISCHEMIC NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD IN THE TREATMENT
OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION 268
18.1 CAUSES OF ISCHEMIC NECROSIS COMPLICATING THE TREATMENT
OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION 269
18.1.1 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 273
18.2 NOMENCLATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF ISCHEMIC NECROSIS . .274
18.3 STUDIES ON THE DEPENDENCE OF ISCHEMIC NECROSIS ON
TREATMENT METHOD, POSITION OF IMMOBILIZATION, LENGTH
OF IMMOBILIZATION, GRADE OF DISLOCATION, AND AGE .... 280
18.4 STUDIES ON THE DEPENDENCE OF ISCHEMIC NECROSIS
ON ARTHROGRAPHIC FINDINGS 282
18.4.1 DISCUSSION OF RESULTS 288
19 ON THE HISTORY OF THE TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL HIP
DISLOCATION 291
20 PUBLISHED RESULTS ON THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION 294
20.1 FREQUENCY OF PALPABLE SIGNS IN NEWBORNS 294
20.2 ADDUCTION CONTRACTURE IN NEWBORNS 294
20.3 DETECTION OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION AND RESULTS
OF TREATMENT 295
20.4 ISCHEMIC NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD COMPLICATING
NEONATAL TREATMENT 299
20.5 ON THE PATHOLOGIC SIGNIFICANCE OF NEONATAL HIP
INSTABILITY WITH AND WITHOUT THE ROSER-ORTOLANI SIGN
AND DRY HIP CLICK 299
20.6 DYSPLASIA AND DISLOCATION IN HIPS THAT ARE CLINICALLY
STABLE AT BIRTH 300
20.7 FACTORS WHICH PROMOTE OR INHIBIT THE DEVELOPMENT
OF HIP DYSPLASIA 301
21 REPORTS ON THE RESULTS OF THE CLOSED TREATMENT
OF CONGENITAL HIP DISLOCATION AT DIFFERENT AGES USING
VARIOUS METHODS 302
21.1 OVERVIEW OF RESULTS 302
21.2 ISCHEMIC NECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD 302
21.3 AGE AT START OF TREATMENT 303
21.4 INITIAL STATUS: DYSPLASIA, SUBLUXATION, DISLOCATION,
AND ACETABULAR INDEX 304
21.5 DURATION OF TREATMENT AND FOLLOW-UP 304
21.6 CONCENTRIC REDUCTION, NORMAL FUNCTION, SURGICAL
INTERVENTION 305
21.7 DEPENDENCE OF JOINT PARAMETERS ON ONE ANOTHER
AND ON THE IMMOBILIZED POSITION OF THE FEMUR 306
21.8 OUR OWN TREATMENT RESULTS, CLASSIFIED ACCORDING
TO THE SCHEME OF THE CSHD 308
TABLE OF CONTENTS XXI
22 TECHNIQUE OF OPEN REDUCTION OF THE CONGENITALLY
DISLOCATED HIP 312
22.1 OBSTACLES TO REDUCTION 312
22.2 APPROACHES FOR OPEN REDUCTION OF THE HIP 313
22.2.1 THE MEDIAL APPROACH OF LUDLOFF 313
22.2.2 THE ANTERIOR APPROACH 314
A) LONGITUDINAL INCISION 314
B) INGUINAL INCISION 314
C) OUR TECHNIQUE 314
22.2.3 TTIE ANTEROLATERAL APPROACH 316
22.2.4 THE LATERAL APPROACH 317
22.2.5 THE POSTERIOR APPROACH 317
22.3 OPEN REDUCTION OF THE HIP IN THE FIRST SIX MONTHS
OF LIFE 318
22.4 OPEN REDUCTION OF THE HIP UP TO THREE YEARS OF AGE . . . 318
22.4.1 ISCHEMIC NECROSIS 318
22.4.2 POSTOPERATIVE ADHESIONS, LIMITATIONS OF MOTION, STIFFNESS 319
22.4.3 REDISLOCATION 319
22.4.4 OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE 320
22.5 OPEN REDUCTION OF THE HIGH, LONGSTANDING HIP
DISLOCATION 322
22.5.1 PRELIMINARY TRACTION 322
22.5.2 TRACTION AFTER PRIOR RELEASE OF MUSCLES AND SOFT TISSUES . 324
22.5.3 FEMORAL SHORTENING AS A PRELIMINARY TO HIP REDUCTION . . 324
22.5.4 ARTHROPLASTY OF CODIVILLA AND COLONNA 326
22.5.5 OUR TECHNIQUE 327
23 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE ON OPEN REDUCTION OF THE HIP . . . 329
23.1 GENERAL OVERVIEW 329
23.2 INDICATIONS 329
23.3 OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE IN SMALL CHILDREN 330
23.4 RESULTS OF OPEN REDUCTIONS IN SMALL CHILDREN 331
23.5 HIP REDUCTIONS IN OLDER CHILDREN 332
23.6 CURRENT INDICATIONS FOR LATE OPEN REDUCTION OF THE HIP . 334
24 FEMORAL OSTEOTOMIES TO IMPROVE THE HIP JOINT 336
24.1 CLASSIFICATION OF FEMORAL OSTEOTOMIES 336
24.2 TECHNIQUE OF THE INTERTROCHANTERIC DEROTATION VARUS
OSTEOTOMY IN CHILDREN 337
24.2.1 PREOPERATIVE PREPARATIONS 337
24.2.2 EXPOSURE OF THE OPERATIVE SITE 338
24.2.3 INTERTROCHANTERIC OSTEOTOMY 338
24.2.4 TECHNIQUES OF WEDGE RESECTION FOR VARUS OSTEOTOMY ..339
24.2.5 AMOUNT OF VARUS ANGULATION AND DEROTATION 340
24.2.6 AMOUNT OF MEDIALIZATION IN VARUS OSTEOTOMY 340
24.2.7 FIXATION OF THE OSTEOTOMY 341
24.2.8 DETAILS OF THE CONDUCT OF THE OPERATION
AND AFTERTREATMENT 342
XXII
TABLE OF CONTENTS
24.3 VALGUS OSTEOTOMY IN CHILDREN 343
24.4 INTERTROCHANTERIC OSTEOTOMIES IN ADOLSCENTS AND ADULTS . 343
24.4.1 PROPHYLACTIC OSTEOTOMIES 343
24.4.2 OSTEOTOMIES IN THE PRESENCE OF OSTEOARTHRITIS 344
24.4.3 INTERNAL FIXATION OF INTERTROCHANTERIC OSTEOTOMIES
IN ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS 347
24.5 SUBTROCHANTERIC OSTEOTOMY AT VARIOUS AGE LEVELS .... 350
24.6 SHORTENING OSTEOTOMY IN OPEN REDUCTIONS OF THE HIP . . 350
24.7 INTER- AND SUBTROCHANTERIC STEP-CUT SHORTENING
OSTEOTOMY 350
24.8 ANGULATION OSTEOTOMY
(BUTTRESS OSTEOTOMY, PELVIC SUPPORT OSTEOTOMY) 352
24.9 RESECTION-ANGULATION OSTEOTOMY 353
24.10 TRANSFER OF THE GREATER TROCHANTER 354
24.11 VALGUS OSTEOTOMY FOR EXTREME COXA VARA
(INTERTROCHANTERIC DOUBLE OSTEOTOMY WITH TROCHANTERIC
TRANSFER)
355
25 PELVIC OPERATIONS FOR DYSPLASIA OF THE HIP 356
25.1 SHELF OPERATIONS 356
25.2 ACETABULOPLASTIES 357
25.2.1 LATERAL APPROACH 357
A) LOCATION OF THE HINGE FOR VARIOUS ACETABULOPLASTIES . . 357
B) AGE AND PREREQUISITES 359
C) OUR TECHNIQUE OF ACETABULOPLASTY 359
25.2.2 ANTERIOR APPROACH 364
25.3 PELVIC OSTEOTOMIES THAT REDIRECT THE ACETABULUM .... 366
25.3.1 SALTER S SINGLE INNOMINATE OSTEOTOMY 366
25.3.2 DOUBLE AND TRIPLE OSTEOTOMIES WITH ACETABULAR ROTATION 368
A) DOUBLE OSTEOTOMY OF LECOEUR 368
B) DOUBLE OSTEOTOMY OF SUTHERLAND AND GREENFIELD . . . 369
C) DOUBLE AND TRIPLE OSTEOTOMY OF HOPF 369
D) TRIPLE OSTEOTOMY OF STEEL 370
E) TRIPLE OSTEOTOMY OF TONNIS 370
25.3.3 SPHERICAL OSTEOTOMIES 381
A) SPHERICAL OSTEOTOMY OF BLAVIER AND BLAVIER AND
WAGNER 381
B) THE DIAL OSTEOTOMY 383
25.4 CHIARI S MEDIAL DISPLACEMENT OSTEOTOMY 383
26 TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY FOR THE TREATMENT OF HIP DYSPLASIA
WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS 386
27 SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE ON THE SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
OF HIP DYSPLASIA AND FEMORAL NECK DEFORMITIES 392
27.1 SHELF OPERATION AND ACETABULOPLASTY 392
27.2 CORRECTION OF ANTETORSION 392
27.3 CORRECTIVE OSTEOTOMIES OF THE FEMORAL NECK 393
TABLE OF CONTENTS XXIII
27.4 CORRECTION OF VALGUS AND ANTETORSION 393
27.5 OPERATIONS ON THE ACETABULAR ROOF AND PELVIS 395
27.6 SHOULD PELVIC OPERATIONS BE COMBINED WITH FEMORAL
OSTEOTOMY? 397
27.7 AGE LIMITS OF VARIOUS PROCEDURES 398
27.8 ACETABULAR ROTATION 399
27.9 COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE CAPABILITIES OF VARIOUS
OPERATIVE METHODS AND THE POSTOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR
OF THE JOINT 400
27.9.1 COLLECTIVE STATISTICS OF THE CSHD ON THE RESULTS
OF OPERATIVE TREATMENT IN CHILDREN 400
27.9.2 CONCLUSIONS 409
28 ON THE INDICATIONS FOR OPERATIVE AND NONOPERATIVE
TREATMENT MEASURES IN HIP DYSPLASIA 412
28.1 GENERAL 412
28.2 PRINCIPLES OF DECISION-MAKING DURING GROWTH 412
28.3 PRINCIPLES OF DECISION-MAKING AFTER THE CESSATION
OF GROWTH 414
28.4 OTHER FACTORS AFFECTING THE CHOICE OF TREATMENT 416
28.5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 418
29 CLINICAL EXAMPLES OF INDICATIONS FOR OPERATIVE AND
NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT MEASURES, AND THE MANAGEMENT
OF COMPLICATIONS 420
29.1 GENERAL 420
29.2 EXAMPLES OF RADIOGRAPH INTERPRETATION IN INFANTS
AND SMALL CHILDREN 420
29.3 SPECIAL PROBLEMS IN HIP REDUCTIONS 424
29.4 PROBLEMS OF FURTHER MANAGEMENT AFTER HIP REDUCTION:
THE UNSTABLE HIP 432
29.5 MANAGEMENT OF COXA MAGNA 437
29.6 VARUS OSTEOTOMY ALONE OR ONLY IN CONJUNCTION
WITH ACETABULOPLASTY? 440
29.7 SPONTANEOUS DEVELOPMENT OF THE HIP 441
29.7.1 EXAMPLES OF HIP DYSPLASIA WITH EXCESSIVE ANTETORSION . 441
29.7.2 TOEING-IN SYNDROME (ANTETORSION SYNDROME) 443
29.7.3 RETROTORSION 445
29.7.4 SPONTANEOUS DEVELOPMENT OF THE DYSPLASTIC HIP 446
29.8 THE RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF HIP DYSPLASIA
IN ADOLESCENTS AND ADULTS 448
29.9 METHODS FOR THE OPERATIVE TREATMENT OF HIP DYSPLASIA
IN ADULTS 450
29.10 TECHNIQUES TO HANDLE COMPLICATIONS 454
29.11 ON THE INDICATION OF SURGERY AFTER ISCHEMIC NECROSIS ..458
30 LITERATUR 462
31 SUBJECT INDEX 525
|
any_adam_object | 1 |
author | Tönnis, Dietrich 1927-2010 |
author_GND | (DE-588)1030302847 |
author_facet | Tönnis, Dietrich 1927-2010 |
author_role | aut |
author_sort | Tönnis, Dietrich 1927-2010 |
author_variant | d t dt |
building | Verbundindex |
bvnumber | BV026502798 |
ctrlnum | (OCoLC)722118552 (DE-599)DNB860798526 |
format | Book |
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id | DE-604.BV026502798 |
illustrated | Illustrated |
indexdate | 2024-07-09T23:13:51Z |
institution | BVB |
isbn | 3540162860 0387162860 |
language | English |
oai_aleph_id | oai:aleph.bib-bvb.de:BVB01-022070115 |
oclc_num | 722118552 |
open_access_boolean | |
owner | DE-188 |
owner_facet | DE-188 |
physical | XXIII, 536 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. |
publishDate | 1987 |
publishDateSearch | 1987 |
publishDateSort | 1987 |
publisher | Springer |
record_format | marc |
spelling | Tönnis, Dietrich 1927-2010 Verfasser (DE-588)1030302847 aut Die angeborene Hüftdysplasie und Hüftluxation im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults Dietrich Tönnis Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York ; London ; Paris ; Tokyo Springer 1987 XXIII, 536 S. zahlr. Ill., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Hüftgelenkluxation (DE-588)4133197-7 gnd rswk-swf Hüftdysplasie (DE-588)4127503-2 gnd rswk-swf Hüftdysplasie (DE-588)4127503-2 s DE-604 Hüftgelenkluxation (DE-588)4133197-7 s DNB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022070115&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
spellingShingle | Tönnis, Dietrich 1927-2010 Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults Hüftgelenkluxation (DE-588)4133197-7 gnd Hüftdysplasie (DE-588)4127503-2 gnd |
subject_GND | (DE-588)4133197-7 (DE-588)4127503-2 |
title | Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults |
title_alt | Die angeborene Hüftdysplasie und Hüftluxation im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter |
title_auth | Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults |
title_exact_search | Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults |
title_full | Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults Dietrich Tönnis |
title_fullStr | Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults Dietrich Tönnis |
title_full_unstemmed | Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults Dietrich Tönnis |
title_short | Congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults |
title_sort | congenital dysplasia and dislocation of the hip in children and adults |
topic | Hüftgelenkluxation (DE-588)4133197-7 gnd Hüftdysplasie (DE-588)4127503-2 gnd |
topic_facet | Hüftgelenkluxation Hüftdysplasie |
url | http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=022070115&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA |
work_keys_str_mv | AT tonnisdietrich dieangeborenehuftdysplasieundhuftluxationimkindesunderwachsenenalter AT tonnisdietrich congenitaldysplasiaanddislocationofthehipinchildrenandadults |