Mineral nutrition of higher plants:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
London [u. a.]
Academic Press
1995
|
| Ausgabe: | 2. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XV, 889 S. |
| ISBN: | 0124735436 0124735428 |
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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|---|---|
| adam_text | Mineral Nutrition of
Higher Plants
Second Edition
Horst Marschner
Institute of Plant Nutrition
University of Hohenheim
Germany ^
Technische Universitat Darmstadt
FACHBEREICH 10 — BIOLOGIE
— Bibliothek —
SchnittspahnstraBe 10
D-6 4287Darmstadt
Inv -Nr
ACADEMIC PRESS
An Elsevier Science Imprint
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© 2008 AGI-Information Management Consultants
May be used for personal purporses only or by
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Contents
Preface to First Edition v
Preface to Second Edition vii
Glossary of Plant Species -- xiii
Part I NUTRITIONAL PHYSIOLOGY
1 Introduction, Definition, and Classification of Mineral Nutrients 3
2 Ion Uptake Mechanisms of Individual Cells and Roots: Short Distance
Transport ^ 6
2 1 General 6
2 2 Pathway of Solutes from the External Solution into the Cells 7
2 3 Structure and Composition of Membranes 12
2 4 Solute Transport Across Membranes 18
2 5 Characteristics of Ion Uptake by Roots 30
2 6 Uptake of Ions and Water Along the Root Axis 63
2 7 Radial Transport of Ions and Water Across the Root 65
2 8 Release of Ions into the Xylem ; 70
2 9 Factors Affecting Ion Release into the Xylem and Exudation Rate 73
3 Long-Distance Transport in the Xylem and Phloem and its Regulation 79
3 1 General 79
3 2 Xylem Transport 81
3 3 Phloem Transport 92
3 4 Relative Importance of Phloem and Xylem for Long-Distance
Transport of Mineral Nutrients 99
3 5 Remobilization of Mineral Nutrients 107
4 Uptake and Release of Mineral Elements by Leaves and Other Aerial Plant
Parts 116
4 1 Uptake and Release of Gases and Other Volatile Compounds
through Stomata 116
Contents
4 2 Uptake of Solutes 119
4 3 Foliar Application of Mineral Nutrients 123
4 4 Leachingof Mineral Elements from Leaves 128
5 Yield and the Source-Sink Relationships 131
5 1 General 131
5 2 Photosynthesis and Related Processes 131
5 3 Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation 142
5 4 Phloem Transport of Assimilates and its Regulation 144
5 5 Shift in the Sink-Source Relationship 152
5 6 Role of Phytohormones in the Regulation of Sink-Source
Relationships 157
5 7 Source and Sink Limitations on Growth Rate and Yield 176
6 Mineral Nutrition and Yield Response 184
6 1 General 184
6 2 Leaf Area Index and Net Photosynthesis 186
6 3 Mineral Nutrient Supply, Sink Formation, and Sink Activity 190
6 4 Mineral Nutrition and the Sink-Source Relationships 196
7 Nitrogen Fixation,- 201
7 1 General 201
7 2 Biological Nitrogen-Fixing Systems 201
7 3 Biochemistry of Nitrogen Fixation 203
7 4 Symbiotic Systems 205
7 5 Amounts of Nitrogen Fixed in Symbiotic Systems, and Transfer in
Mixed Stands 221
7 6 Free-Living and Associative Nitrogen-Fixing Microorganisms 222
7 7 Outlook 228
8 Functions of Mineral Nutrients: Macronutrients , 229
8 1 Classification and Principles of Actions of Mineral Nutrients 229
8 2 Nitrogen 231
8 3 Sulfur 255
8 4 Phosphorus 265
8 5 Magnesium 277
8 6 Calcium 285
8 7 Potassium 299
9 Functions of Mineral Nutrients: Micronutrients 313
9 1 Iron 313
9 2 Manganese 324
9 3 Copper 333
9 4 Zinc 347
9 5 Nickel 364
9 6 Molybdenum 369
Contents
Boron
Chlorine
10 Beneficial Mineral Elements
•-10 1
- 10 5
Definition
Sodium
Silicon
Cobalt
Selenium
Aluminum
Other Mineral Elements
XI
11 Relationships between Mineral Nutrition and Plant Diseases and Pests 436
11 1 General 436
11 2 Fungal Diseases 438
11 3 Bacterial and Viral Diseases 449
11 4 Soilborne Fungal and Bacterial Diseases 451
11 5 Pests 454
11 6 Direct and Indirect Effects of Fertilizer Application on Diseases and
Pests • 457
12 Diagnosis of Deficiency and Toxicity of Mineral Nutrients 461
12 1 Nutrient Supply and Growth Response 461
12 2 Diagnosis of Nutritional Disorders by Visible Symptoms 462
12 3 Plant Analysis 463
12 4 Histochemical and Biochemical Methods 477
12 5 Plant Analysis versus Soil Analysis 478
Part II PLANT-SOIL RELATIONSHIPS
13 Nutrient Availability in Soils 483
13 1 Chemical Soil Analysis 483
13 2 Movement of Nutrients to the Root Surface 484
13 3 Role of Root Density 498
13 4 Nutrient Availability and Distribution of Water in Soils 500
13 5 Role of Soil Structure 503
13 6 Intensity/Quantity Ratio, Plant:Factors, and Consequences for Soil
Testing 505
14 Effect of Internal and External Factors on Root Growth and Development 508
14 1 General 508
14 2 Carbohydrate Supply 509
14 3 Root Morphology, Hormonal Interactions 510
14 4 Soil Chemical Factors 513
14 5 Rhizosphere Microorganisms 525
xii Contents
14 6 Soil Physical Factors 527
14 7 Shoot/Root Ratio 535
15 The Soil-Root Interface (Rhizosphere) in Relation to Mineral Nutrition 537
-151 General 537
15 2 Ion Concentration in the Rhizosphere 537
15 3 Rhizosphere pH and Redox Potential 541
15 4 Rhizodeposition and Root Exudates 547
15 5 Noninfecting Rhizosphere Microorganisms 561
15 6 Mycorrhizas 566
15 7 Role of Mycorrhizas in Mineral Nutrition of Their Host Plant 574
15 8 Role of Mycorrhizas in Heavy Metal Tolerance 585
15 9 Mycorrhizal Responsiveness 587
15 10 Other Mycorrhizal Effects 590
15 11 Mycorrhizas: Practical Implications 594
f
16 Adaptation of Plants to Adverse Chemical Soil Conditions 596
16 1 Natural Vegetation , 596
16 2 High-Input versus Low-Input Approach 598
16 3 Acid Mineral Soils 605
16 4 Waterlogged and Flooded Soils 626
16 5 Alkaline Soils 641
16 6 Saline Soils 657
References 681
Index 862
|
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| dewey-full | 581.13 |
| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 581 - Specific topics in natural history of plants |
| dewey-raw | 581.13 |
| dewey-search | 581.13 |
| dewey-sort | 3581.13 |
| dewey-tens | 580 - Plants |
| discipline | Biologie Agrar-/Forst-/Ernährungs-/Haushaltswissenschaft / Gartenbau |
| edition | 2. ed. |
| format | Book |
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| isbn | 0124735436 0124735428 |
| language | English |
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| spellingShingle | Marschner, Horst Mineral nutrition of higher plants Mineralstoff (DE-588)4039463-3 gnd Pflanzen (DE-588)4045539-7 gnd Mineralstoffwechsel (DE-588)4039464-5 gnd Nutzpflanzen (DE-588)4042838-2 gnd Pflanzenernährung (DE-588)4133962-9 gnd |
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| title | Mineral nutrition of higher plants |
| title_auth | Mineral nutrition of higher plants |
| title_exact_search | Mineral nutrition of higher plants |
| title_full | Mineral nutrition of higher plants Horst Marschner |
| title_fullStr | Mineral nutrition of higher plants Horst Marschner |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mineral nutrition of higher plants Horst Marschner |
| title_short | Mineral nutrition of higher plants |
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