Verfügbarkeit: Photomorphogenesis in plants

Photomorphogenesis in plants:

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Weitere Verfasser:	Kendrick, Richard E. (HerausgeberIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	English
Veröffentlicht:	Dordrecht [u. a.] Kluwer 1994
Ausgabe:	2. ed.
Schlagworte:	Photomorphogenese Aufsatzsammlung
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Beschreibung:	XXXIV, 828 S. Ill.
ISBN:	0792325508

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	^HOTOMORPHOGENESIS IN PLANTS • /• •r- •::; 2ND EDITION C l~* • • edited by R E KENDRICK Department of Plant Physiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands and Laboratory for Photoperception and Signal Transduclion, Frontier Research Program, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Wako City, Saitama, Japan and GHM KRONENBERG Department of Plant Physiology, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS DORDRECHT / BOSTON / LONDON Contents Preface to the first edition VII c Preface to the second edition VIII Abbreviations XXXI Parti Introduction 1 Introduction byLarsOlofBjorn 11A developing research field 3 1 2 Plant vision 3 1 3 The discovery of phytochrome 5 1 4 The surprises of phytochrome 9 1 5 Perception of B and UV light 10 1 6 Other photoreceptors and coaction between photo- receptors 11 1 7 Molecular biology and genetics 13 1 8 Conclusion and outlook 13 1 9 Further reading 13 1 10 References 13 Part 2 Quantification of light 2 Quantification of light by Lars Olof Bjorn and Thomas C Vogelmann 2 1 Basic concepts 17 2 2 The wavelength problem 18 2 3 The problem of direction and shape 19 2 4 Biological weighting functions and units 22 2 5 Further reading 24 2 6 References 24 XI Part 3 Instrumentation in photomorphogenesis research 3 Instrumentation in photomorphogenesis research by Masaki Furuya and Yasunori Inoue 3 1 Introduction 29 3 2 Spectrograpfis: analyses of wavelength effects 29 321 The Beltsville spectrograph 30 322 The Okazaki large spectrograph 30 323 Safelight - 34 3 3 Microbeam irradiators: spatial analyses 34 331 Pioneering work 35 332 Microbeam apparatus having multiple light sources 35 3 4 Sequential observation of elementary processes: temporal analysis 36 341 Time-lapse recorders 37 342 Computer analysis of temporal processes with micro-images 39 343 Flash photolysis 40 344 Low-temperature spectroscopy 41 3 5 Spectrophotometers 42 351 In-vivo spectrophotometry 42 352 Micro-spectrophotometry 43 3 6 Concluding remarks 45 3 7 Further reading 45 3 8 References 46 Part 4 Phytochrome 4 1 The phytochrome chromophore by Wolfhart Rudiger and Fritz Thummler 411 Introduction 51 412 The structure of the phytochrome chromophore 52 413 Differences between the Pr and the Pfr chromophore 57 414 Intermediates 60 415 Chromophore biosynthesis 64 416 Problems to be solved 65 417 Further reading 67 418 References 67 xn 4 2 Phytochrome genes and their expression by Peter H Quail 421 Introduction 71 422 Structure and evolution of phy genes 71 4221 Multiple phy genes 72 4222 Nomenclature 73 4223 Structure of phy genes 76 423 Biological functions of multiple phy genes 81 424 Regulation of phy gene expression 84 4241 Contrasting regulation of phyA,phyB, and phyC genes 85 4242 Diversity in patterns of phyA regulation between plant species 87 4243 Autoregulation of monocot phyA genes as a model system 89 4244 The control oiphyA expression by cis-acting elements and fra/is-acting factors 93 425 Conclusions 100 426 Further reading 101 427 References 101 428 Appendix 104 43 Assembly and properties of hplophytochrome by Masaki Furuya and Pill-Soon Song 431 Introduction 105 432 Biogenesis of phytochrome apoprotein and chromophore 106 4321 Biosynthesis of phytochrome apoproteins 106 4322 Biosynthetic pathway of phytochromobilin 107 433 Assembly of PHY with chromophores 108 4331 Assembly in wild-type and transgenic plants 108 4332 Assembly in vitro with recombinant apophytochrome 109 4333 Failure of chromophore assembly in mutants 112 434 Physical properties of holophytochromes 113 4341 The molecular structure and properties 113 4342 Spectroscopic characteristics 116 435 Photochemistry and photophysics 119 4351 Mechanism of the Pr to Pfr phototrans- formation 119 4352 Quantum yields 120 4353 Fluorescence properties and primary photoprocesses 120 XIII 4354 Intermediates and kinetic models 123 4355 Non-photochemical transformation 124 436 Photo-induced conformational changes 126 4361 Chromophore topography 126 4362 Proton transfer 127 4363 Photoreversible conformational changes 127 437 Phytochrome structure and function relationship 130 4371 Functional domain or active site 130 4372 Dichroic effects and putative receptors 131 438 Concluding remarks 133 439 Further reading 134 4 3 10 References 134 4 4 Phytochrome degradation by Richard D Vierstra 441 Introduction 141 442 Properties of phytochrome degradation 142 4421 Etiolated plants 142 4422 Light-grown plants 145 4423 Relationship of degradation to phytochrome sequestering 146 443 Mechanisms of phy tochrome degradation 147 4431 Possible involvement of ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis 147 4432 Potential mechanisms for Pfr recognition 154 444 Use of transgenic plants to study phytochrome degradation 156 445 Physiological function(s) of phytochrome degradation 158 446 Concluding remarks 159 447 Further Readings 160 448 References 160 4 5 Distribution and localization of phytochrome within the plant by Lee H Pratt 451 Introduction 163 452 Phytochrome assays / faj f?- f4 amp;yyff 164 4521 Biological assay 164 4522 Spectrophotometric assay 165 4523 Immunochemical assay 166 453 Intercellular distribution 168 4531 Biological assay 168 4532 Spectrophotometry 169 4533 In vivo spectrofluorometry 171 XIV 4534 Immunochemistry 172 4535 Summary 176 454 Intracellular localization 177 4541 Microbeam irradiation 177 4542 In vitro responses 178 4543 Microspectrophotometry 178 4544 Subcellular fractionation 179 4545 Immunolocalization 180 4546 Summary 183 455 Concluding remarks 184 456 Further reading 184 457 References 184 4 6 Signal transduction in phytochrome responses by Stanley J Roux 461 Introduction 187 462 Intrinsic protein kinase activity 188 463 G-protein involvement 189 464 Changes in metabolism of inositol phosphoslipids 192 465 Role of protein phosphorylation 193 466 Induction of rapid ion fluxes 197 4661 Calcium signalling 198 46611 Specific targets of calcium action 202 467 Interactions with growth regulators 203 468 Genetic approaches 204 469 Conclusions 206 4 6 10 Further reading 208 4 6 11 References 208 4 7 The physiology of phytochrome action by Alberto L Mancinelli 471 Introduction 211 472 Light and phytochrome 213 4721 Photochemical properties of purified phytochrome 213 47211 Absorption and action spectra 213 47212 Kinetics of phytochrome photocon- version 216 47213 Pfr/P, (p, k, and// 217 AI21A Phytochrome photoconversion under dichromatic irradiation 218 47215 Intermediates in phytochrome photoconversion 223 XV 47216 Phytochrome dimers 223 4722 Photochemical properties of phytochrome in vivo 223 4723 Light, Pfr/P, q , k, H, and expression of phytochrome-mediated responses 225 473 The state of phytochrome in vivo 228 4731 Intercellular and intracellular distribution of phytochrome 229 4732 Synthesis of phytochrome 229 4733 Phytochrome destruction 230 4734 Dark reversion 233 4735 Photoconversion, dark reversion, destruction and state of phytochrome 234 474 Phytochrome-mediated responses 235 4741 Red-far red reversible low fluence responses 236 47411 Pfr/P and LFR 239 47412 Kinetics of phytochrome action and LFR 241 4742 The very low fluence responses 242 4743 The high irradiance responses (prolonged irradiation responses) 245 47431 The spectral sensitivity of the HIR 246 47432 Continuous and cyclic irradiations and reciprocity failure of the HIR 249 47433 The irradiance dependence of the HIR 251 47434 HIR and LFR 253 47435 Photosynthesis and the HIR 253 47436 Models for phytochrome action in the HIR 254 475 Interaction between phytochrome and other photo- morphogenic photoreceptors 255 476 Analysis of phytochrome action , 258 4761 Multiplicity of display of phytochrome action 258 4762 Phytochrome, membranes and light signal- transduction pathways 259 4763 Labile and stable phytochrome and time course of phytochrome action 260 4764 The HIRs: R-HIR and FR-HIR 260 4765 Phytochrome synthesis and destruction 261 477 The future 262 478 Further reading 263 479 References 263 4 7 10 Appendix 266 XVI 4 8 The use of transgenic plants to examine phytochrome structure/function by Joel R Cherry and Richard D Vierstra 481 Introduction 271 482 Creating transgenic plants expressing functional phytochrome 272 4821 Choice of coding sequence 272 4822 Choice of promoter 274 4823 Choice of host plant 275 483 Analysis of plants expressing heterologous phytochromes 276 4831 Expression in tobacco 276 4 8;3 2 Expression in tomato 278 4833 Expression in Arabidopsis 279 4834 Expression in lower plants 279 4835 Comments on phytochrome overexpression 280 484 Application of transgenics to phytochrome structural analysis 281 4841 Chromophore attachment 281 4842 Photoreversibility and spectral stability 282 4843 Dimerization 283 4844 Pfr degradation 284 485 Use of transgenic expression as an assay for biological activity 285 4851 Considerations in transgenic assay development 285 4852 Relationship of phytochrome dose to phenotypic response 286 4853 Possible mutant classes based on dose/response 288 4854 Biological activity of phytochrome mutants 289 486 Concluding remarks 294 487 Further Reading 295 488 References 295 Part 5 Blue-light and UV-receptors 5 1 Diversity of photoreceptors by Horst Senger and Werner Schmidt 511 Introduction 301 512 Historical aspects 302 513 Blue light UV responses 303 xvn 5131 Phototropism oiPhycomyces 303 5132 Light-induced absorbance changes 303 5133 Hair whorl formation in Acetabularia 306 5134 Reactivation of nitrate reductase 306 5135 Germination of spores in Pteris 306 5136 Perithecial formation in Gelasinospora 307 5137 Synthesis of 5-aminolevulinic acid 307 5138 Phototropism in oats 307 5139 Respiration enhancement in Scenedesmus 307 513 10 Inhibition of indole acetic acid 308 513 11 Chloroplast rearrangement in Funaria 308 513 12 Cortical fibre reticulation in Vaucheria 308 513 13 Photoreactivation 308 513 14 Loss of carbohydrates in Chlorella 309 513 15 Carotenoid synthesis inNeurospora 309 514 Concerted action of photoreceptors 309 5141 Chlorophyll synthesis in Scenedesmus 309 5142 Conidiation inAlternaria 310 5143 Morphogenic index in the fern Dryopteris 310 5144 Geotropism in maize roots 310 5145 High irradiance response of phytochrome 311 5146 Red and blue interaction in maize coleoptiles 311 515 Energy requirements 311 516 The nature of B/UV photoreceptors 314 517 Methodological problems 318 518 Terminology 321 519 Ecological aspects and outlook 322 5 1 10 References 322 5 2 Properties and transduction chains of the UV and blue light photoreceptors by Benjamin A Horwitz 521 Introduction 327 522 Excited state chemistry of the chromophores 329 5221 Flavins 329 5222 Carotenoids 331 5223 Pterins 332 523 Kinetic properties of the blue light photoreceptors 332 524 Rapid effects of blue light and their relevance to transduction 334 5241 Light-induced absorbance changes 335 5242 Electrical consequences of blue light reception 336 525 The biochemistry of transduction: intracellular signalling 340 xvni 5251 Transmembrane signalling and transduction by G- proteins 340 5252 Effectors and second messengers 341 5253 Can blue light biochemically stress? 346 526 Concluding remarks 347 527 Further reading 348 528 References 348 Part 6 Coaction between pigment systems 6 Coaction between pigment systems by Hans Mohr 6 1 Sensor pigments in higher plants 353 62A unifying model of coaction 354 6 3 Photomorphogenesis of the milo seedling (Sorghum vulgare Pers , cv Weider-hybrid) 356 631 Accumulation of plastid GPD (glyceraldehyde- 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, EC 121 13) in the shoot (mainly primary leaf) 356 632 Synthesis of anthocyanin 357 6 4 Photomorphogenesis of the Scots pine seedling (Pinus sylvestris L ) 360 641 Axis (hypocotyl) straight growth 360 642 Synthesis of plastid Fd-GOGAT (ferredoxin- dependent glutamate synthase, EC 147 1) in the cotyledonary whorl 363 6 5 Photosensors involved in light control of stem elongation in seedlings of angiosperm plants 364 651 Hypocotyl elongation in the mustard (Sinapis -albaL )seedling 364 652 Hypocotyl elongation in the cucumber (Cucumis sativus L ) seedling 366 6 6 Gene expression in the tomato phytochrome-deficient aurea mutant 368 6 7 Coaction between photoreceptors in phototropism: sesame seedling, Sesamum indicum L 369 671 Hypocotyl straight growth 369 672 Phytochrome and phototropism 370 6 8 Conclusion 371 6 9 Further reading 372 6 10 References 372 XIX Part 7 The light environment 7 1 Sensing the light environment: the functions of the phytochrome family by Harry Smith 711 Introduction 377 712 The function of informational photoreceptors 378 713 Information in the light environment 379 714 Light-quantity perception: theoretical aspects 380 715 Light-quality perception: theoretical aspects 381 716 The complexity of spectral information 382 7161 R:FR, pe and pc; phytochrome related parameters 383 717 The natural radiation environment 386 7171 The daylight spectrum 386 7172 Diurnal fluctuations in daylight quality 387 7173 Light quality within vegetation canopies 387 7174 Light quality underwater 388 7175 The light environment under the soil 389 718 The phytochromes as sensors of environmental R:FR 390 7181 Sensitivity considerations 390 7182 Plant strategies in response to shade 390 7183 R:FR perception and the induction of shade- avoidance reactions 393 7184 Proximity perception, or the detection of neighbours 396 7185 End-of-day effects 398 7186 Seed germination and seedling establishment in nature 399 719 Eco-physiological functions of the members of the phytochrome family 401 7 -L9 1 The physiological response modes 401 7192 The members of the phytochrome family 402 7193 Approaches for identifying the physiological functions of the phytochromes 403 7194 The physiological function of phytochrome A 404 7195 The physiological function of phytochrome B 407 7196 Which phytochrome mediates the shade- avoidance syndrome? 410 7 1 10 Concluding remarks 412 7 1 11 Further Reading 413 7 1 12 References 414 XX 7 2 Light direction and polarization by Manfred Kraml 721 Introduction 417 722 Physical aspects of light direction and polarization 418 7221 The rectilinear propagation of light 418 7222 Polarization 420 723 Mechanisms for the perception of unilateral light 422 7231 Perception of light direction by attenuation 422 7232 Perception of light direction by refraction (= lens effect) 422 7233 Spatial and temporal sensing of an internal light gradient 423 724 Biological examples for perception of light direction by attenuation and lens effect 423 7241 Induction of polarity by unilateral light 424 7242 Phototropism ofPhycomyces 425 725 Action dichroism and polarized light 427 7251 Characterization of dichroic pigment orient- ation by polarized light 427 7252 Perception of light direction by dichroic orientated photoreceptors 429 7253 The formation of tetrapolar gradients by pigment dichroism 429 72531 Spherical cells 430 72532 Cylindrical cells 431 726 Biological examples for action dichroism 431 7261 Dichroism and induction of polarity 432 7262 Effects of polarized light in Phycomyces 432 7263 Flip-flop dichroism of phytochrome 432 7264 Action dichroism of phytochrome in Mougeotia 433 7265 Phytochrome dichroism in fern and moss , protonemata 437 -7266 Wavelength-dependent action dichroism of flavin-mediated photo-responses 439 7267 Wavelength-dependent action dichroism for B/UV-A in low-irradiance movement of Mougeotia 439 7268 Orientation of the B/UV-A photoreceptor in Mougeotia as analyzed by microbeam irradiations 440 727 Concluding remarks 441 728 Further reading 443 729 References 443 XXI 7 3 The duration of light and photoperiodic responses by Daphne Vince-Prue 731 Introduction 447 732 Orcadian rhythms 447 733 Seasonal responses 451 734 General aspects of photoperiodism 452 735 Photoperiodic timekeeping 457 7351 External coincidence models 460 736 Photoperception 465 7361 The night-break reaction 466 7362 Phase-setting 468 7363 The dusk signal 469 7364 The Pfr-requiring reaction 471 7365 Do different phytochromes control flowering in SDP? 473 73651 Phytochrome destruction 473 73652 Phytochrome reversion 474 737 Photoperiodic induction under long photoperiods 477 7371 Responses to light quantity 477 7372 Responses to light quality 478 7373 Timekeeping 479 7 3 7 4 Possible mechanisms 481 738 The action of phytochrome in photoperiodism 483 7381 Changes in gene expression 485 7382 Changes at the membrane level 486 7383 The nature of the floral stimulus 488 739 Further Reading 489 7 3 10 References 489 7 4 Light within the plant by Thomas-C Vogelmann 741 Introduction 491 742 Physical aspects of light propagation in plants 491 7421 Light as a particle versus wave; limitations when considering plant optics 491 7422 Cells as lenses 492 7423 Absorption and the sieve effect 499 7424 Fluorescence effects 501 7425 Light scattering 502 7426 Plants as optical waveguides 507 743 Plants as light traps 511 7431 Internal fluence rates within plants 511 7432 Calculation of light gradients within tissues 514 xxn 7433 Experimental measurement of light gradients with a fibre-optic probe 519 744 Light gradients and photomorphogenesis 521 7441 Light gradients and phytochrome 522 7442 Light gradients and phototropism 524 7443 Light gradients in leaves and photosynthesis 528 7444 How plants control the penetration of light 530 745 Summary 532 746 Further reading 533 747 References 533 7 5 Modelling the light environment LarsOlofBjorn 751 Introduction to natural light 537 752 Modification of sunlight by the earth s atmosphere 537 753 The SPCTRAL2 model of Bird and Riordan 539 754 Computation of photosynthetically active radiation 541 755 Underwater daylight 542 7551 Transmission through the water surface 543 7552 Water types 544 7553 Modelling water properties 545 7554 Underwater light direction 546 756 Effects of ground and vegetation 548 757 Effects of clouds 550 758 Further reading 550 759 References 550 7 5 10 Appendix 552 Part 8 A molecular and genetic approach to photo- morphogenesis 8 1 The molecular biology of photoregulated genes by Alfred Batschauer, Philip M Gilmartin, Ferenc Nagy and Eberhard Schafer 811 Introduction 559 812 Properties of phytochrome action 560 8121 Kinetics of the phytochrome system 560 8122 Kinetics of signal transduction 561 813 Regulation of chalcone synthase expression in mustard and parsley 563 8131 Summary 570 xxni 814 Regulation of ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase 571 8141 Ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/ oxygenase (Rubisco) gene (RbcS) organization and expression 571 8142 Light-responsive element localization and dissection 576 8143 Identification and characterization of trans- acting factors 578 81431 GT-binding proteins 581 81432 G-box binding proteins 582 81433 GATA-binding proteins 583 81434 AT-rich binding proteins 584 8144 Summary 585 815 Circadian-clock, tissue-specific and light-regulated expression of Cab genes in higher plants 586 8151 Function, structure and organization 586 81511 Function 586 81512 Structure and organization 587 8152 Light-regulated expression of Cab genes 587 81521 Phytochrome-mediated Cab gene expression 587 81522 Blue-light induced Cab gene expression 588 81523 Orcadian clock-regulated Cab gene expression 589 8153 The regulated expression of Cab genes by cis and trans-acting elements 590 8154 Signal-transduction chains for Cab gene expression 592 81541 Photoreceptors 592 81542 Second messengers 592 81543 Transcription factors 592 8155 Summary 593 816 Further reading 593 817 References 593 8 2 Photomorphogenic mutants of higher plants by Maarten Koornneef and Richard E Kendrick 821 Introduction 601 822 General aspects of the genetic and molecular analysis of mutants 602 8221 The cloning and transfer of genes 602 8222 General aspects of mutant isolation 603 XXIV 823 Photomorphogenic mutants 605 8231 Phytochrome-deficient mutants 606 8232 Phytochrome overexpressors 609 8233 Light-response mutants 610 82331 Mutants with a constitutive light phenotype 610 82332 Light hyper-responsive mutants 611 8234 Blue-light mutants 612 8235 Putative transduction-chain mutants with reduced light responsiveness 614 824 The use of mutants in understanding photomorpho- genesis 614 8241 Seed germination 615 8242 The inhibition of hypocotyl and internode elongation 616 82421 The role of the light-labile and light-stable phytochrome 616 82422 The effect of B and UV-A photo- receptors 618 8243 Phototropism 619 8244 Chlorophyll synthesis and chloroplast development 620 8245 The induction of flowering 620 8246 Photomorphogenic mutants and plant hormones 622 825 Conclusions 623 826 Further Reading 624 827 References 624 Part 9 Selected topics 9 1 Photomodulation of growth by Daniel J Cosgrove 911 Introduction 631 9111 Light gives the plant cues about the environment 631 9112 Light effects on growth depend on the type of organ 633 9113 Light-growth responses are adaptive and controlled developmentally 634 912 Photobiology of plant growth 635 9121 Action spectra reveal the diversity of continuous light-growth responses 636 XXV 9T211 Phytochrome 638 91212 Specific blue light responses 641 9122 Plants also exhibit growth responses to brief light pulses 643 9123 Other photoreceptors 644 913 Mechanisms of action 644 9131 Light can affect cell number and cell size 645 9132 Light may affect growth quickly (in seconds) or more slowly (hours) 646 9133 Electrical and biochemical changes in membranes often precede or accompany light- growth responses 648 9134 Light affects cell wall yielding properties 649 9135 Hormones may be involved in some light- growth responses 652 91351 Auxin 653 91352 Gibberellins 654 9136 Other possible mediators of light-growth responses 655 914 Summary 656 915 Further reading 656 916 References 657 9 2 Phototropism by Richard D Firn 921 What is phototropism? 659 922 Scope of this chapter 662 923 An historical summary of some key concepts of phototropism 662 924 Ways of inducing a phototropic response 664 925 Measuring the phototropic response 665 9251 The inadequacy of angle of curvature measurements 666 92511 The same degree of curvature can be produced by many different types of response 666 92512 The location of organ curvature 668 92513 Temporal complexity 668 92514 The autotropic straightening response 668 9252 The phototropic responses of individual cells within the organ 668 926 The basic elements of the phototropic response 669 9261 The perception phase 670 XXVI 9262 The latent period 670 9263 Patterns of differential growth 671 9264 The autotropic phase 672 927 Fluence-response curves for phototropism 672 928 Models of phototropism 674 9281 The Cholodny-Went models 674 92811 Auxin as a longitudinal messenger: model 1 674 92812 Auxin as a lateral co-ordinator: model 2 674 92813 Differential rates of longitudinal auxin movement giving rise to auxin gradients: model 3 676 92814 Differential rates of auxin destruction giving rise to auxin gradients: model 4 676 92815 Auxin as a local messenger: model 5 676 92816 Auxin sensitivity arguments: model 6 677 92817 Multi-regulator control: model 7 677 9282 The Blaauw model of phototropism 677 929 Phototropism and gravitropism 679 9 2 10 Conclusions 679 9 2 11 Further reading 680 9 2 12 References 680 93 The photobiology of stomatal movements by Eduardo Zeiger 931 Introduction 683 932 Light as an environmental signal for stomatal movements 684 933 Direct response of stomata to light 685 934 The photobiological components of the light response of stomata 687 935 Action spectroscopy 689 936 Properties of the guard-cell chloroplast 691 937 Properties of the stomatal response to blue light 693 938 Localization of the blue light photoreceptor 699 939 Sensory transduction of the stomatal response to light 701 9 3 10 Regulatory aspects of the light response of stomata in the intact leaf 701 9 3 11 Ecophysiological and agricultural implications of the light response of stomata 702 XX VH 9 3 12 Further reading 705 9 3 13 References 705 9 4 Photomovement by Wolfgang Haupt and Donat-P Hader 941 Introduction 707 942 Photomovement in motile micro-organisms 707 9421 Motile bacteria 708 9422 Photosynthetic flagellates 711 9423 Slime moulds 715 9424 Ecological consequences of photomovement 717 943 Photoregulation of intracellular movement 718 9431 Photodinesis 719 9432 Light-regulated chloroplast redistribution 721 9433 Mougeotia, a special case of chloroplast movement 724 944 Synopsis 727 945 Comparative conclusions 730 946 Further reading 730 947 References 731 9 5 Photocontrol of flavonoid biosynthesis by Christopher J Beggs and Eckard Wellmann 951 Introduction 733 952 Flavonoid biosynthesis 734 953 The photoreceptors and effective wavebands 737 954 Coactions between the photoreceptors 742 955 Mode of action of light-induced flavonoid synthesis 744 956 The problem of correlation between enzyme activities andilavonoid accumulation 745 957 Significance of light induction of flavonoids and anthocyanins : 747 958 Further reading 750 959 References 750 9 6 Photomorphogenesis in fungi by Gerard Manachere 961 Introduction 753 962 Photo-induction of fruiting 754 9621 General data 754 9622 Photo-induction in basidiomycetes 756 XXVIII 9623 Variability of light requirements: interaction of factors 757 963 Photomorphogenesis of sporophores and photo- sporogenesis 758 9631 General data 758 9632 Photomorphogenesis and photosporogenesis in basidiomycetes 759 96321 Coprinus congregatus: a model species 759 96322 Control of fruit-body growth by hymenial cells: a possible relation- ship to phototropic curvature 763 96323 Interactions of light and temperature: consequences for photoperiodic responses 768 964 Photocontrol of fruiting rhythms 769 9641 Orcadian rhythms 769 9642 Low frequency rhythms 773 965 Action spectra and photoreceptors 775 9651 Survey 775 9652 Photoreception in basidiomycetes 776 9653 Variability in light-quality requirements 778 966 Concluding remarks 779 967 Further reading 780 968 References 780 9 7 Photobiology of ferns by Masamitsu Wada and Michizo Sugai 971 Introduction 783 972 Spore germination 784 9721 Photoregulation 784 9722 Signal transduction 786 973 Protonemal growth 787 9731 Apical growth 787 9732 Apical swelling 788 9733 Cytoskeleton and microfibrils 789 974 Phototropism and polarotropism 790 9741 Tropic responses 790 9742 Localization and orientation of photoreceptors 792 9743 Recognition of light direction 793 9744 Mechanism of tropic response 794 975 Cell division and its orientation 795 9751 Cell cycle 795 9752 Localization of photoreceptors 795 XXIX 9753 Orientation of cell division 797 976 Chloroplast photo-orientation 798 9761 Survey 798 9762 Low fluence response 799 9763 High fluence response 799 9764 Mechanism of photomovement 799 977 Concluding remarks 800 978 Further reading 801 979 References 801 Index 803 XXX
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spelling	Photomorphogenesis in plants ed. by R. E. Kendrick ... 2. ed. Dordrecht [u. a.] Kluwer 1994 XXXIV, 828 S. Ill. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Photomorphogenese (DE-588)4174525-5 gnd rswk-swf 1\p (DE-588)4143413-4 Aufsatzsammlung gnd-content Photomorphogenese (DE-588)4174525-5 s DE-604 Kendrick, Richard E. edt HEBIS Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=019111120&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis 1\p cgwrk 20201028 DE-101 https://d-nb.info/provenance/plan#cgwrk
spellingShingle	Photomorphogenesis in plants Photomorphogenese (DE-588)4174525-5 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4174525-5 (DE-588)4143413-4
title	Photomorphogenesis in plants
title_auth	Photomorphogenesis in plants
title_exact_search	Photomorphogenesis in plants
title_full	Photomorphogenesis in plants ed. by R. E. Kendrick ...
title_fullStr	Photomorphogenesis in plants ed. by R. E. Kendrick ...
title_full_unstemmed	Photomorphogenesis in plants ed. by R. E. Kendrick ...
title_short	Photomorphogenesis in plants
title_sort	photomorphogenesis in plants
topic	Photomorphogenese (DE-588)4174525-5 gnd
topic_facet	Photomorphogenese Aufsatzsammlung
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=019111120&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
work_keys_str_mv	AT kendrickricharde photomorphogenesisinplants

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