Stellar polarimetry:
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Weinheim, Bergstr
Wiley-VCH
2010
|
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltstext Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVI, 415 S. graph. Darst. |
| ISBN: | 9783527408955 |
Internformat
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Datensatz im Suchindex
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IMAGE 1
VII
CONTENTS
PREFECE XIII
PART I HISTORY - MATHEMATICS - INSTRUMENTS - OBSERVATIONAL PROCEDURES *
POLARIGENIC MECHANISMS 1
1 INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY 3
1.1 GENERAL HISTORY 3
1.2 EARLY ASTRONOMICAL POLARIMETRY 14 1.3 THE DAWNING OF STELLAR
POLARIMETRY 16 1.4 THE DISCOVERY OF INTERSTELLAR POLARIZATION 17 1.5
INTRINSIC POLARIZATION 20
1.6 CIRCULAR POLARIZATION 22 1.7 POLARIZATION AND GEOMETRY 22 1.8
CHIRALITY AND THE ORIGIN OF LIFE 24 1.9 CONCLUSION 25
REFERENCES 27
2 THE POLARIZATION ELLIPSE 33 2.1 ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 33 2.2 THE
ELLIPSE FIGURE 35
2.3 THE POINCARE SPHERE 42
2.4 CONCLUSION 44
REFERENCES 45
3 THE ALGEBRA OF POLARIZATION 47 3.1 INTRODUCTION 47
3.2 THE JONES CALCULUS 47
3.3 THE DESCRIPTION OF SCATTERING 52 3.4 POINCARE SPHERE 55
3.5 CONCLUSION 57
REFERENCES 57
4 THE STOKES PARAMETERS 59 4.1 INTRODUCTION 59
4.2 THE MUELLER CALCULUS 63
BIBLIOGRAFISCHE INFORMATIONEN HTTP://D-NB.INFO/991680960
DIGITALISIERT DURCH
IMAGE 2
VIII I STELLAR PCLARIMETRY
4.3 NORMALIZED STOKES PARAMETERS 65
4.4 THE PRACTICALITY OF STOKES PARAMETERS 66 4.5 ADDITIVITY THEOREM FOR
SMALL POLARIZATIONS 68 4.6 CONVENTIONS IN ASTRONOMICAL POLARIMETRY 71
4.6.1 LINEAR POLARIZATION 71 4.6.2 CIRCULAR POLARIZATION - HANDEDNESS 71
4.7 POLARIZATION MAGNITUDES 75
REFERENCES 76
5 POLARIZATION STATISTICS AND DATA TREATMENT 79 5.1 INTRODUCTION 79 5.2
BASIC STATISTICS 79 5.3 THE STATISTICS OF P 82 5.4 THE STATISTICS OF
POSITION ANGLE 86 5.5 INSTRUMENTAL CORRECTION 88
5.6 INTRINSIC/INTERSTELLAR SEPARATION 89 5.7 INTERPRETING MEASUREMENTS
93 5.7.1 POLARIZATION AND SMALL SAMPLES 93 5.7.2 DETECTION OF
POLARIZATIONAL DIFFERENCES 94 5.7.3 DATA ASSEMBLIES 95 5.7A POLARIMETRIE
PERIOD SEARCHES 97
REFERENCES 98
6 THE BASICS OF POLARIMETRIE ELEMENTS 101 6.1 INTRODUCTION 101 6.2
POLARIZERS 202 6.2.1 DICHROIC POLARIZERS 103 6.2.2 BIREFRINGENT
POLARIZERS 204 6.2.3 REFLECTION POLARIZERS 109 6.3 RETARDERS 220
6.3.1 BIREFRINGENT RETARDERS 212 6.3.2 REFLECTION RETARDERS 225 6.3.3
TUNABLE WAVE PLATES 227 6.3.4 AXIS DETERMINATION OF WAVE PLATES 228
6.4 METALLIC REFLECTION 229 6.5 DEPOLARIZERS 220 6.6 DETECTORS 222 6.7
NOTES ON POLARIZATION AND RELATED OBSERVATIONS 123
REFERENCES 124
7 PRE-MEASUREMENT DISTORTIONS 227 7.1 INTRODUCTION 127 7.2 THE EARTH'S
ATMOSPHERE 127 7.2.1 INDUCED POLARIZATION 228
7.2.2 DEPOLARIZATION EFFECTS 128 7.2.3 FARADAY ROTATION 229
IMAGE 3
CONTENTS IX
7.2.4 SKY BACKGROUND 229
7.2.5 EFFECTS OF A VARIABLE EQUIVALENT WAVELENGTH 230 7.3 THE TELESCOPE
OPTICS 230 7.4 OPTICAL DEPOLARIZATION 135 REFERENCES 137
8 POLARIMETRIE PRINCIPLES AND INSTRUMENTS 239 8.1 INTRODUCTION 139
8.2 ROTATION OF A POLARIZER OR WAVE PLATE 142 8.3 FIXED POSITION RECORDS
246 8.4 CONTINUOUS ROTATION RECORDS 249 8.5 VARIABLE PHASE DELAY
MODULATORS 250 8.6 SIMULTANEOUS NSP MEASUREMENTS 252 8.7 SPATIAL
RECORDING OF THE POLARIMETRIE MODULATION 152 8.8 SPECTROPOLARIMETRY 254
8.9 POLARIMETRIE INSTRUMENTS 256 8.10 INSTRUMENT CALIBRATIONS 361 8.10.1
REFERENCE FRAME 162 8.10.2 STANDARD STARS 163 8.10.2.1 POLARIZED
STANDARDS 263 8.10.2.2 UNPOLARIZED STANDARDS 167 8.10.3 OTHER USEFUL
CATALOGUES 267
REFERENCES 169
9 SOME POLARIGENIC MECHANISMS 275 9.1 INTRODUCTION 175
9.2 THE PRESENCE OF MAGNETIC FIELDS 175 9.2.1 ZEEMAN EFFECT 175 9.2.2 HSS
MAGNETOGRAPHY 280 9.2.3 DIFFERENTIAL SATURATION OF ZEEMAN COMPONENTS 282
9.2.4 ZEEMAN-DOPPLER IMAGING 183 9.2.5 RESONANCE RADIATION - THE HANLE
EFFECT 285 9.2.6 SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 288 9.3 ELECTRON SCATTERING - A
SIMPLE STELLAR MODEL 2 90
REFERENCES 293
PART II THE INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM - BINARY STARS - EARLY AND LATE TYPE
STARS - VARIABLE STARS 295
10 INTERSTELLAR POLARIZATION 297
10.1 INTRODUCTION 197 10.2 POLARIZATION GROWTH WITH DISTANCE 297 10.3
POLARIZATION AND EXTINCTION 199 10.3.1 P/A V 199
10.3.2 P/(B-V) 199 10.3.3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN P AND R 201 10.4 THE
P{L) CURVE 203
IMAGE 4
X| STELLAR POLARIMETRY
10.5 ROTATION OF POSITION ANGLE 207
10.6 CIRCULAR POLARIZATION 208 10.7 ORIGIN AND ALIGNMENT MECHANISM 210
10.8 DIBS 223
10.9 PARTICLE TYPES AND GALACTIC STRUCTURE 214 10.10 STELLAR CLUSTERS
226 10.11 SIMPLE MODELS 228 10.12 BEYOND THE GALAXY 225
REFERENCES 226
* BINARY STARS 233
11.1 INTRODUCTION 233 11.2 ECLIPSING BINARIES 233 11.3 CLOSE BINARIES
236 11.4 BINARY ORBIT THEORY 238
11.4.1 DATA ANALYSIS BY A GEOMETRIC METHOD 242 11.4.2 ANALYSIS OF DATA
BY FOURIER METHODS 243 11.5 AM HER STARS - POLARS 245 REFERENCES 249
REFERENCES TO BINARY STARS AND MODELS 249 REFERENCES TO AM HER STARS -
POLARS 251
12 STARS WITH MAGNETIC FIELDS 253 12.1 INTRODUCTION 253 12.2 MAGNETIC
AND AP STARS 254 12.3 HELIUM RICH/WEAK STARS 263
12.4 WHITE DWARFS 264
REFERENCES 268 REFERENCES TO MAGNETIC AND AP STARS 268 REFERENCES TO
HELIUM STARS 270 REFERENCES TO WHITE DWARFS 270
13 EARLY-TYPE STARS 273 13.1 INTRODUCTION 273 13.2 BE STARS 274
13.2.1 POLARIMETRIE SPECTRAL BEHAVIOUR 274 13.2.2 TEMPORAL VARIATIONS
282 13.3 DISC ORIENTATIONS 285 13.4 BE STAR MODELS 286 13.5 HERBIG AE/BE
STARS 293 13.6 EARLY-TYPE SUPERGIANTS 296 13.7 WOLF-RAYET (WR) STARS 299
13.8 LUMINOUS BLUE VARIABLES 302
REFERENCES 304 REFERENCES TO INTRODUCTION 304 REFERENCES TO BE STARS 304
IMAGE 5
CONTENTS XI
REFERENCES TO DISC ORIENTATIONS 306
REFERENCES TO BE STAR MODELS 307 REFERENCES TO HERBIG AE/BE STARS 308
REFERENCES TO EARLY-TYPE SUPERGIANTS 309 REFERENCES TO WOLF-RAYET (WR)
STARS 309 REFERENCES TO LUMINOUS BLUE VARIABLES 310
14 LATE-TYPE STARS 322
14.1 INTRODUCTION AND SURVEYS 312 14.2 LATE-TYPE SUPERGIANTS 323 14.3
MIRA VARIABLES 315 14.4 AGB AND R COR BOR STARS 328 14.5 SYMBIOTIC STARS
321 14.6 CARBON STARS/RVTAURI STARS 325 14.7 FK COMAE STARS 325 14.8
INFRARED STARS 326
14.8.1 MOLECULAR CLOUDS 328 14.9 RED DWARFS/BY DRA STARS 329 14.10
NON-EXTREME LATE-TYPE STARS 330 REFERENCES 331
REFERENCES TO INTRODUCTION AND SURVEYS 332 REFERENCES TO LATE-TYPE
SUPERGIANTS 332 REFERENCES TO MIRA VARIABLES 333 REFERENCES TO AGB AND R
COR BOR STARS 334 REFERENCES TO SYMBIOTIC STARS 334 REFERENCES TO CARBON
STARS/RV TAURI STARS 335 REFERENCES TO FK COMAE STARS 335 REFERENCES TO
INFRARED STARS/MOLECULAR CLOUDS 335 REFERENCES TO RED DWARFS/BY DRA
STARS 336 REFERENCES TO NON-EXTREME LATE-TYPE STARS 336
15 GENERAL STELLAR VARIABILITY 337 15.1 INTRODUCTION 337 15.2 *-RAY
SOURCES 338 15.2.1 SS433 340
15.3 TTAURI STARS 342
15.4 SOLAR-TYPE STARS 344 15.5 RS CAN VEN (CVN) STARS 346 15.6 RVTAURI
STARS 349
15.7 PULSATING STARS 350 15.8 NOVAE 352
15.9 SUPERNOVAE 354 15.10 PULSARS 354
15.11 STARS WITHIN NEBULOSITIES AND STELLAR DISCS 355 15.12
GRAVITATIONAL LENSING 356 15.13 EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS 357
IMAGE 6
XII I STELLAR PCLARIMETRY
REFERENCES 358
REFERENCES TO INTRODUCTION 358 REFERENCES TO *-RAY SOURCES 358
REFERENCES TO TTAURI STARS 360 REFERENCES TO SOLAR TYPE STARS 360
REFERENCES TO RS CAN VEN STARS 361 REFERENCES TO RVTAURI STARS 362
REFERENCES TO PULSATING STARS 362 REFERENCES TO NOVAE AND SUPERNOVAE 362
REFERENCES TO PULSARS 363 REFERENCES TO STARS WITH DISCS 363 REFERENCES
TO GRAVITATIONAL LENSING 364
REFERENCES TO EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS 364
APPENDIX A THE FRESNEL LAWS 367 A.I INTRODUCTION 367
A.2 OPTICAL INTERFACES 367 A.2.1 REFLECTION AT A DENSER MEDIUM 368 A.3
REFLECTION AT A DENSE- TO LESS-DENSE MEDIUM 375
A.4 METALLIC REFLECTION 380 A.5 HANDEDNESS CALIBRATION 382 A.5.1 IAU
DEFINITIONS 384 REFERENCES 384
APPENDIX B PAPERS OF THE AJ SERIES 387
APPENDIXC REFERENCE ABBREVIATIONS 392
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 395
AUTHOR INDEX 397
CITED STARS/OBJECTS 407
GENERAL INDEX 423 |
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| title | Stellar polarimetry |
| title_auth | Stellar polarimetry |
| title_exact_search | Stellar polarimetry |
| title_full | Stellar polarimetry David Clarke |
| title_fullStr | Stellar polarimetry David Clarke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stellar polarimetry David Clarke |
| title_short | Stellar polarimetry |
| title_sort | stellar polarimetry |
| topic | Polarimetrie (DE-588)4174982-0 gnd Stern (DE-588)4057342-4 gnd |
| topic_facet | Polarimetrie Stern |
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