Marine biology: function, biodiversity, ecology
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
New York, NY [u.a.]
Oxford Univ. Press
2009
|
| Ausgabe: | 3. ed. |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XXV, 588 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. |
| ISBN: | 9780195326949 |
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| adam_text | IMAGE 1
PREFACE XV
PART I. PRINCIPLES OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND MARINE BIOLOGY
CHAPTER I. SOUNDING THE DEEP 3 CHAPTER 2. THE OCEANIC ENVIRONMENT 17
CHAPTER 3. ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY PRINCIPLES OF MARINE BIOLOGY 46
PART II. MARINE ORGANISMS: FUNCTION AND ENVIRONMENT CHAPTER 4. THE
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 85 CHAPTER 5. LIFE IN A FLUID MEDIUM
109 CHAPTER 6. REPRODUCTION, DISPERSAL, AND MIGRATION 123
PART III. ORGANISMS OF THE OPEN SEA NKTON 167 ITON AND OTHER
PART IV. PROCESSES IN THE OPEN SEA CHAPTER 9. CRITICAL FACTORS IN
PLANKTON ABUNDANCE 225 CHAPTER 10. PRODUCTIVITY, FOOD WEBS, AND GLOBAL
CLIMATE CHANGE 258
PARTV. ORGANISMS OF THE SEABED CHAPTER 11. THE DIVERSITY OF BENTHIC
MARINE INVERTEBRATES 279 CHAPTER 12. SEAWEEDS, SEA GRASSES, AND BENTHIC
MICROORGANISMS 309 CHAPTER 13. BENTHIC LIFE HABITS 321
PART VI. COASTAL BENTHIC ENVIRONMENTS CHAPTER 14. THE TIDEIANDS: ROCKY
SHORES, SOFT-SUBSTRATUM SHORES, MARSHES, MANGROVES, AND ESTUARIES 355
CHAPTER IS. SEA GRASS BEDS, ROCKY REEFS, KELP FORESTS, AND CORA! REEFS
4I: :
PART VII. FROM THE SHELF TO THE DEEP SEA
CHAPTER 16. FROM THE CONTINENTAL SHELF TO THE DEEP SEA 463 CHAPTER 17.
BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION OF THE OCEAN 492
PART VIII. HUMAN IMPACT ON THE SEA CHAPTER IS. FISHERIES AND FOOD FROM
THE SEA 529 CHAPTER 19. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES
AND HUMAN POPULATIONS 564
GLOSSARY G-L MARINE BIOLOGY JOURNALS J-L INDEX 1-1
VI
IMAGE 2
PREFACE
CHAPTER I. SOUNDING THE DEEP
MARINE BIOLOGY AS A DISCIPLINE 3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF MARINE BIOLOGY
4
OBSERVATION, EXPERIMENTATION, AND HYPOTHESES 9
HABITATS AND LIFE HABITS: SOME DEFINITIONS 13
GOING DEEPER 1.1 A GLIMPSE INTO THE VARIATION PROBLEM: HOW DO WE KNOW
THAT ONE ESTIMATE DIFFERS FROM ANOTHER? 14
CHAPTER SUMMARY 16
FURTHER READING 16
REVIEW QUESTIONS 16
CHAPTER 2. THE OCEANIC ENVIRONMENT 17
THE OCEAN AND MARGINAL SEAS 17 TOPOGRAPHY AND STRUCTURE OF THE OCEAN
FLOOR 18
THE OCEAN ABOVE THE SEABED 22
CIRCULATION IN THE OPEN SEA: PATTERNS AND CAUSES 26
SEAWATER DENSITY AND DEEP CIRCULATION 31
THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT AND CHANGING OCEAN CLIMATE 32
HOT TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2.1 WARMING OF MARGINAL SEAS AND ESTUARIES:
HAS IT OCCURRED AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN? 35
THE EDGE OF THE SEA 38
CHAPTER SUMMARY 43
FURTHER READING 43
REVIEW QUESTIONS 45
CHAPTER 3. ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY PRINCIPLES OF MARINE BIOLOGY 46
ECOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS 46 THE ECOLOGICAL HIERARCHY 47
INTERACTIONS ON THE SCALE OF INDIVIDUALS 47
THE POPULATION LEVEL 56
SPECIES AND CLASSIFICATION 61
MARINE BIOGEOGRAPHY 67
IMAGE 3
THE COMMUNITY LEVEL: STRUCTURE AND INTERSPECIES INTERACTIONS 68
THE ECOSYSTEM LEVEL 77
CHAPTER SUMMARY 78
FURTHER READING 79
REVIEW QUESTIONS 81
PART II. MARINE ORGANISMS: FUNCTION AND ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER 4. THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 85
MEASURES OF PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE 85 TEMPERATURE 87
HOT TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY 4.1 GLOBAL WARMING: HOW CAN WE TELL IF WE
ARE AT THE EDGE? 94
SALINITY 96
OXYGEN 99
GOING DEEPER 4.1 QUANTIFYING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY SIZE AND
OXYGEN CONSUMPTION RATE 99
LIGHT 103
CYCLES: PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES 105
CHAPTER SUMMARY 106
FURTHER READING 107
REVIEW QUESTIONS 108
CHAPTER 5. LIFE IN A FLUID MEDIUM 109
INTRODUCTION 109 DENSITY, VISCOSITY, AND REYNOLDS NUMBER 109
GOING DEEPER 5.1 IS SEAWATER ALWAYS SEAWATER? A TALE FROM THE REGIONS OF
INTERMEDIATE REYNOLDS NUMBER 111
MOVING WATER 111
WATER MOVING OVER SURFACES AND OBSTRUCTIONS, SUCH AS ORGANISMS 113
USING WATER MOTION FOR BIOLOGICAL ADVANTAGE 114
HOT TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY 5.1 FLOW IS A DRAG, BUT IT SURE CAN SMELL
GOOD 118
CHAPTER SUMMARY 121
FURTHER READING 121
REVIEW QUESTIONS 122
CHAPTER 6. REPRODUCTION, DISPERSAL, AND MIGRATION 123
ECOLOGICAL AND EVOLUTIONARY FACTORS IN SEX 123 HOT TOPICS IN MARINE
BIOLOGY 6.1 A LOVER AND A FIGHTER 125
HOT TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY 6.2 WHEN SHRIMP SOCIALIZE IN THE EXTREME
134
REPRODUCTION, DEMOGRAPHY, AND LIFE CYCLES 136
MIGRATION 137
LARVAL DISPERSAL: THE LONG AND THE SHORT HAUL 141
HOT TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY 6.3 HOW TO GET A FREE RIDE OUT TO SEA 148
PLANKTONIC LARVAE: GETTING THROUGH MAJOR OBSTACLES TO THE FINAL
DESTINATION 154
IMAGE 4
THE MACROSCALE: MAJOR SEPARATIONS LEAD TO BIOGEOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE 155
PLANKTONIC DISPERSAL: WHY DO THEY DO IT? 158
CHAPTER SUMMARY 160
FURTHER READING 160
REVIEW QUESTIONS 164
INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS 167
LIFE IN THE OPEN SEA 167
PHYTOPLANKTON 169
ZOOPLANKTON 172
MOLECULAR TECHNIQUES TO IDENTIFY PLANKTONIC MICROORGANISMAL DIVERSITY
178
. . . ** ENDLESS MICROBIAL DNA SEQUENCES,
MOST BEAUTIFUL 179
DNA: THE BASICS 183
CHAPTER SUMMARY 184
FURTHER READING 184
REVIEW QUESTIONS 185
CEPHALOPODS 187
FISH 189
MAMMALS 201
BIRDS AND REPTILES 207
LAST MARCH OF THE PENGUINS? CLIMATE CHANGE
AND A BOTTOM-UP TROPHIC CASCADE 208
SEA SNAKES 216
SEA TURTLES 216
CHAPTER SUMMARY 218
FURTHER READING 219
REVIEW QUESTIONS 221
CHAPTER 9. CRITICAL FACTORS IN PLANKTON ABUNDANCE
PATCHINESS OF THE PLANKTON 225 THE SEASONAL PATTERN OF PLANKTON
ABUNDANCE 227
WATER COLUMN PARAMETERS AND THE SPRING DIATOM INCREASE 228
LIGHT 233
GOING DEEPER 9.1 THE BASICS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS 234
NUTRIENTS REQUIRED BY PHYTOPLANKTON 235
RATE OF NUTRIENT UPTAKE 240
IMAGE 5
- *-* R I S. SEA GRASS BEDS, ROCKY REEFS, KEIP FORESTS, AND CORAI REEFS
4I:
SEA GRASS BEDS 413 THE ROCKY REEF-KELP FOREST SYSTEM 418
SUBTIDAL ROCKY REEFS 419
KELP FORESTS 422
MOT TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY A COD AND LOBSTER TALE 423
CORAL REEFS 432
THE END OF CORAL REEFS? 448
CHAPTER SUMMARY 454
FURTHER READING 455
REVIEW QUESTIONS 459
5.1 REORGANIZATION OF A ROCKY SUBTITAL ECOSYSTEM:
GLOBAL WARMING AND ACIDIFICATION:
PART VII. FROM THE SHELF TO THE DEEP SEA
CHAPTER 16. FROM THE CONTINENTAL SHELF TO THE DEEP SEA 463 SAMPLING THE
SUBTIDAL SOFT-BOTTOM BENTHOS 463 SEDIMENT TYPE AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
466
THE SHELF-DEEP-SEA GRADIENT 471
DEEP-SEA ISLANDS OF HIGH DIVERSITY 477
PRESSURE CHANGE 486
CHAPTER SUMMARY 487
FURTHER READING 488
REVIEW QUESTIONS 491
CHAPTER 17. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION OF THE OCEAN 492
SPECIATION, EXTINCTION, AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC FACTORS 492 MAJOR GRADIENTS OF
SPECIES DIVERSITY 501
EXPLANATIONS OF REGIONAL DIVERSITY DIFFERENCES 505
CONSERVING MARINE BIODIVERSITY 510
MARINE INVASIONS 516
I LOT TOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY 17.1 THE MOLECULAR SLEUTH RETURNS: WHERE
DID THE INVADERS COME FROM? 519
CHAPTER SUMMARY 522
FURTHER READING 522
REVIEW QUESTIONS 525
PART VIII. HUMAN IMPACT ON THE SEA
CHAPTER IS. FISHERIES AND FOOD FROM THE SEA 529
THE FISHERY STOCK AND ITS VARIABILITY 530 STOCKS AND MARKERS 530
LIFE HISTORY AND STOCK SIZE 532
IMAGE 6
STOCK HEALTH AND PRODUCTION 533
GOING DEEPER 18.1 A SIMPLE MODEL TO EXPLAIN THE MAXIMUM SUSTAINABLE
YIELD 536
FISHING TECHNIQUES AND THEIR EFFECTS 537
FISHERIES IMPACT AND MANAGEMENT 539
CAUSES AND CURES OF STOCK REDUCTION 543
GOING DEEPER 18.2 AGE-BASED OR LIFE-HISTORY STAGE-BASED POPULATION
MODELS 547
OVEREXPLOITATION OF WHALES: A CASE HISTORY 549
OTHER TYPES OF DEGRADATION 551
HOTTOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY 18.1 THE RETURN OF THE MOLECULAR SLEUTH:
KEEPING WHALERS HONEST 552
DISEASE AS A MAJOR DANGER TO COASTAL FISHERIES 554
MARICULTURE 554
CHAPTER SUMMARY 560
FURTHER READING 561
REVIEW QUESTIONS 563
CHAPTER IS. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES AND HUMAN
POPULATIONS 564 HUMAN EFFECTS ON THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT 564 MEASURING
THE IMPACT OF POLLUTANTS ON POPULATIONS AND COMMUNITIES 565
TOXIC SUBSTANCES 570
NUTRIENT INPUT AND EUTROPHICATION 576
THERMAL POLLUTION AND POWER STATION FISH MORTALITY 580
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE AND THE OCEAN 582
HOTTOPICS IN MARINE BIOLOGY 19.1 IS IRON REALLY A FIX? 585
CHAPTER SUMMARY 585
FURTHER READING 586
REVIEW QUESTIONS 588
GLOSSARY G-L
MARINE BIOLOGY JOURNALS J-L
INDEX 1-1
|
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| author_facet | Levinton, Jeffrey S. |
| author_role | aut |
| author_sort | Levinton, Jeffrey S. |
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| dewey-hundreds | 500 - Natural sciences and mathematics |
| dewey-ones | 578 - Natural history of organisms |
| dewey-raw | 578.77 |
| dewey-search | 578.77 |
| dewey-sort | 3578.77 |
| dewey-tens | 570 - Biology |
| discipline | Biologie |
| edition | 3. ed. |
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| spelling | Levinton, Jeffrey S. Verfasser aut Marine biology function, biodiversity, ecology Jeffrey S. Levinton 3. ed. New York, NY [u.a.] Oxford Univ. Press 2009 XXV, 588 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Kt. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 gnd rswk-swf Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 s DE-604 SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020144528&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Levinton, Jeffrey S. Marine biology function, biodiversity, ecology Meeresbiologie (DE-588)4169246-9 gnd |
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| title | Marine biology function, biodiversity, ecology |
| title_auth | Marine biology function, biodiversity, ecology |
| title_exact_search | Marine biology function, biodiversity, ecology |
| title_full | Marine biology function, biodiversity, ecology Jeffrey S. Levinton |
| title_fullStr | Marine biology function, biodiversity, ecology Jeffrey S. Levinton |
| title_full_unstemmed | Marine biology function, biodiversity, ecology Jeffrey S. Levinton |
| title_short | Marine biology |
| title_sort | marine biology function biodiversity ecology |
| title_sub | function, biodiversity, ecology |
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| topic_facet | Meeresbiologie |
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