Verfügbarkeit: Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii"

Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii": (jud. Sălaj)

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
1. Verfasser:	Băcueţ-Crişan, Dan 1972- (VerfasserIn)
Format:	Buch
Sprache:	Romanian English
Veröffentlicht:	Zalău Ed. Limes [u.a.] 2006
Schriftenreihe:	Biblioteka Limes-Lekton 7
Schlagworte:	Geschichte Archäologie Mittelalter Judeţ Sălaj
Online-Zugang:	Inhaltsverzeichnis Literaturverzeichnis Abstract
Beschreibung:	Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
Beschreibung:	183 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt., graph. Darst.
ISBN:	9739802656 9789738503779 9738503779 9789739802659

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Datensatz im Suchindex

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adam_text	CUPRINS PREFAŢĂ CAP. I INTRODUCERE . 1 I.a. Motivaţie. Metodologie . 1 I.b. Cadrul natural geografic . 3 CAP. II. SCURT ISTORIC AL CERCETĂRILOR . 5 PRIVIND SECOLELE VII-IX PE TERITORIUL JUDEŢULUI SĂLAJ CAP. III VESTIGIILE MEDIEVALE TIMPURII DE LA . 9 POPENI - „PE POGOR ” III.a. Amplasarea sitului. Istoricul cercetărilor . 9 Ill.b. Stratigrafia sitului. Descrierea săpăturilor . 9 III.c. Complexele şi inventarul arheologic . 11 Ill.d. Materialul arheologic 20 IlI.d. 1. Ceramica 20 III. d.2. Alte categorii de artefacte 27 CAP. IV VESTIGIILE MEDIEVALE TIMPURII DE LA . 29 CUCEU - „ VALEA ROCHII „ IV. a. Amplasarea sitului. Istoricul cercetărilor . 29 IV.b. Stratigrafia sitului. Descrierea săpăturilor . 29 IV.c. Complexele şi inventarul arheologic . 30 IV. d. Materialul arheologic 41 IV.d. 1. Ceramica 41 IV.d.2. Alte categorii de artefacte . 50 CAP. V ÎNCADRAREA CRONOLOGICĂ A 51 VESTIGIILOR DE LA POPENI - „PE POGOR ” ŞI CUCEU - „ VALEA ROCHII” CAP. VI CONCLUZII 59 Bibliografie 65 Abrevieri bibliografice 69 Rezumat în limba engleză 71 Anexe (hărţi, planşe) 87 BIBLIOGRAFIE Bajusz, Tamba Bálint Baltag Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ- Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan 1988 1991 1994 2000a 2000b 2000c 2000-2004 2002 2003 2004a 2004b 2005a 2005b 2006 I. Bajusz, D. Tamba, Contribuţii la topografia arheologică a văii Someşului. Sectorul Căpălna-Jibou, în AMP, XII, 1988, p. 91-120. Cs. Bálint, Die spătawarenzeitliche siedlung von Eperjes (Kom. Csongråd), VAH, Budapest, 1991. Gh. Baltag, Aşezarea de la Albeşti-Sighişoara. Elemente inedite în cultura materială din sec. IX-X, în Revista Bistriţei, 8, 1994, p. 74-78. D. Băcueţ Crişan, Săpături arheologice de salvare la Panic, punctul “La Blocuri ” (jud. Sălaj), în Marisia, XXVI, 2000, p. 147-168. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Contribuţii la repertoriul arheologic al judeţului Sălaj. Descoperiri de suprafaţă din secolele VII-XIII d.Chr., înAMP, XXIII, 2000, vol. I, p. 521-574. S. Băcueţ-Crişan, Noi descoperiri preistorice în judeţul Sălaj, în AMP, XXIII, 2000, vol. 1, p. 9-28. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Elemente de habitat medieval timpuriu în nord-vestul României. Locuinţe şi anexe din secolele VII-IX descoperite pe teritoriul judeţului Sălaj, în Satu Mare. Studii şi Comunicări, XVII-XXI, 2000-2004, I, p. 89-111. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Nuşfalău “Ţigoiul lui Benedek”, în Cronica Cercetărilor Arheologice din România. Campania 2001, Buziaş, 2002, p. 218-219. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Cercetări arheologice de suprafaţă privind habitatul medieval timpuriu (sec. VII-XI) pe teritoriul judeţului Sălaj, în Marmatia, 7, 2003, l,p. 317-344. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Archaeological research in Northwest Ro- mania. The Early Mediaeval settlement from Nuşfalău/Szilâgy- nagyfalu-Ţigoiul lui Benedek (Sălaj county), în JAME, XLVI, 2004, p. 117-135. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Consideraţii privind aşezările din spaţiul nord- vestic al Românie în secolele VII-IX, în Carpatica, 31, Ujgorod, 2004, p. 252-272. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Aşezarea medievală timpurie de la Nuşfalău “Ţigoiul lui Benedek” (jud. Sălaj), în Marmatia, 8, 2005, 1, p. 269- 290. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Depresiunea Silvaniei în secolele VII-XI, în Relaţii interetnice în Transilvania: secolele VI-XIII, Bucureşti, 2005, p. 87-110. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Contributions regardind the North-West part of Romania in the 7^-11^ centuries. Considerations based on the archaeological researches made in Silvania Depression, în Fontes Historiae. Studia in Honorem Demetrii Protase, Bistriţa- Cluj-Napoca, 2006, p. 829-844. 65 Băcueţ-Crişan, 2000a Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan, 2000b Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan, 2000c Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan, 2003 Băcueţ-Crişan Băcueţ-Crişan, 2005 Sana Bulzan, Băcueţ- 1999 Crişan Crişan 1993 Comşa 1961 Comşa 1978 Cosma 1996 Cosma 2001 Cosma 2002 Dumitraşcu 1978 Dumitraşcu 1994 Fiedler 1992 Fusek 1991 Fusek 1994 Garam 1994 D. Băcueţ-Crişan, S. Băcueţ Crişan, Popeni ”Pe Pogor" în Cronica cercetărilor arheologice din România. Campania 1999. Deva, 2000, p. 78. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, S. Băcueţ Crişan, “Cuceu - „ Valea Bochii ” în Cronica cercetărilor arheologice din România. Campania 1999. Deva, 2000, p. 32-33. D. Băcueţ-Crişan, S. Băcueţ-Crişan, Două locuinţe prefeudale descoperite în judeţul Sălaj, în AMP, XXIII, 2000, voi. I, p. 499-520. S. Băcueţ-Crişan, D. Băcueţ-Crişan, Cercetări arheologice pe teritoriul oraşului Zalău. Descoperirile neo-eneolitice şi medi- evale timpurii (sec. VII-XI), Zalău, 2003. Băcueţ-Crişan, D. V. Sana, Contribuţii privind habitatul medieval timpuriu din nord-vestul României. Cercetările arheologice din aşezarea de la Bobota “Pe Vale/Iertaş ” (jud. Sălaj), în Omagiu profesorului Ioan Andriţoiu cu prilejul împlinirii a 65 de ani. Studii şi Cercetări Arheologice, Alba Iuliua, 2005, p. 491-514. S. Bulzan, D. Băcueţ-Crişan, O locuinţă medievală timpurie descoperită la Oradea-Salca, punctul “Gheţărie”, în Crisia, XXIX, 1999, p. 33-43. I. Crişan, Săpăturile arheologice de la Cefa֊La Pădure, judeţul Bihor din anul 1992, în Crisia, XXIII, 1993, p. 9-36. M. Comşa, Săpăturile de la Nuşfalău, în Materiale, 1961, p. 519- 528. M. Comşa, Cultura materială veche românească (aşezările din secolele VHI-Xde la Bucov-Ploieşti), Bucureşti, 1978. C. Cosma, Consideraţii privind aşezările rurale şi tipurile de locuinţe din Transilvania în secolele V1II-X, în Eph. Nap., VI, 1996, p. 261- 277. C. Cosma, Necropole, morminte izolate, descoperiri funerare cu racater incert din vestul şi nord-vestul României în secolul VIII d. H., în Adevărul omeneşte posibil pentru rânduirea binelui, Oradea, 2001, p. 307-382. C. Cosma, Vestul şi nord-vestul României în secolele VIII-X d. H. , Cluj-Napoca, 2002. S. Dumitraşcu, Ceramică românească descoperită în Crişana (sec. VIII-XI), în Crisia, VIII, 1978, p. 51-112. S. Dumitraşcu, Biharea. Săpături arheologice (1973-1980), voi. I, Oradea, 1994. U. Fiedler, Studien zu Gräberfeldern des 6. bis 9. Jahrhunderts an der unteren Donau, vol.2, Bonn, 1992. G. Fusek, Vcasnoslovanske sidlisko v Nitre na Mikovom dvore, în Slov. Arch., XXXIX, 1991, 1, p. 289-328. G. Fusek, Slovensko vo vcasnoslovanskom obdobi, Nitra, 1994. E. Garam, Die Awaren (Awaren in Siebenbürgen), în Siebenbür- gen zur Zeit der Römer und der Völkerwanderung, Köln-Weimar- Wien, 1994, p. 171-181. 66 Glodariu, 1980 Costea, Ciupea Hampel 1881 Kovalovski 1975 Kurzhals, Litt, 1987 Weber Mac, Idu 1992 Matei 1979 Matei 1993 Matei, Bacuet- 2001 Crięan, Stanciu Matei, Pop 2005 Matei, BScuet- Crięan, Bejina¬ 2005 riu, Pop, Bacuet- Crięan, Carstea Matei, Stanciu 2000 Morariu, 1972 Sorocovschi Parczewski 1995 Pop, Bacuet- Crięan, Bacuet- 2000 Crięan Rusu 1971 Ruttkay 1976 Stanciu 1992 I. Glodariu, Fl. Costea, I. Ciupea, Comana de Jos. Aşezările de epocă dacică şiprefeudală, Braşov, 1980. J. Hampel, Ásatások Szilâgy-Nagyfaluban, în Arch. Ért, 1, 1881, I, p. 156-161. J. Kovalovszki, Előzetes jelentés a dobozi Árpád-kori faluása- táaról. 1962-1974, ín Arch.Ért., 102, 1975, 2, p. 203-223. A. Kurzhals, Th. Litt, Th. Weber, Ein frühmittelalterliches Haus von Püggen, Kr. salzwedel, înZjA, 21, 1987, l,p. 113-120. I. Mac, P. D. Idu, Dealurile şi depresiunile Silvaniei, în Geografia României, voi. IV, 1992, p. 39-48. Al. V. Matei, Repertoriul de aşezări şi descoperiri aparţinând secolelor IV-IX e. n. pe teritoriul judeţului Sălaj, în AMP, III, 1979, p. 475-514. Al. V. Matei, Aşezarea dacilor liberi de la Panic, jud. Sălaj, în Materiale, XVII, 1993, II, p. 325-327. Al. V. Matei, S. Băcueţ-Crişan, I. Stanciu, Mirşid “Fântâna albă”, în Cronica Cercetărilor Arheologice din România. Cam- pania 2000, Suceava, 2001, p. 146-147. Al. V. Matei, H. Pop, Zalău “Valea Mâţii-Dealul Lupului”, în Cronica Cercetărilor Arheologice din România. Campania 2004, Mangalia, 2005, p. 411-413. Al. V. Matei, S. Băcueţ-Crişan, I. Bejinariu, H. Pop, D. Băcueţ- Crişan, A. Cârstea, Pericei “Keller Tag ”, în Cronica Cercetărilor Arheologice din România. Campania 2004, Mangalia, 2005, p. 259-263. Al. V. Matei, I. Stanciu, Vestigii din epoca romană (sec. II-IVp. Ch.) în spaţiul nord-vestic al României, Zalău-Cluj-Napoca, 2000. T. Morariu, V. Sorocovschi, Judeţul Sălaj, Bucureşti, 1972. M. Parczewski, Zu den Anfängen der Drehscheibenkeramik im westlichen Polen im Lichte des Fundmaterials aus Żukowice bei Głogów, în Slawische Keramik, 1995, p. 9-14. H. Pop, D. Băcueţ-Crişan, S. Băcueţ-Crişan, Pericei “Keller Tag”, în Cronica Cercetărilor Arheologice din România. Cam- pania 1999, Deva, 2000, p. 73-74. M. Rusu, Note asupra relaţiilor culturale dintre slavi şi populaţia romanică din Transilvania (sec. VI-X), înApulum, IX, 1971, p. 713-730. A. Ruttkay, Waffen und Reiterausrüstung des 9. Bis zur ersten Hälfte des 14. Jahrhunderts in der Slowakei (II), în Slov. Arch., 24, 1976, 2, p. 245-395. I. Stanciu, Descoperiri din a doua jumătate a mileniului I î.H. şi mileniul I d.H. în judeţul Maramureş, în Eph. Nap., II, 1992, p. 169-188. 67 Stanciu Stanciu Stanciu Stanciu, Matei Stanciu, Bader Salkovsky Tomcikova Teicu, Lazarovici Zaharia 1994 1998 2000 1994 2003 2001 1991 1996 1977 I. Stanciu, Aşezarea prefeudală de la Lăpuşel, jud. Maramureş (Cercetări arheologice din anii 1992, 1993), în Eph. Nap., IV, 1994, p. 267-322. I. Stanciu, Populaţia din nord-vestul României între sec. 5-9. Teză de doctorat (manuscris), Universitatea “Babeş-Bolyai” Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, 1998. I. Stanciu, Despre ceramica medievală timpurie de uz comun, lucrată la roata rapidă, în aşezările de pe teritoriul României (secolele VIII-X), în Arheologia Medievală, III, 2000, p. 127- 191. I. Stanciu, Al. V. Matei, Sondajele din aşezarea prefeudală de la Popeni-Cuceu, jud. Sălaj. Câteva observaţii cu privire la ceramica prefeudală din Transilvania, înAMP, XVIII, 1994, p. 135-163. I. Stanciu, T. Bader, O nouă aşezare medievală timpurie din zona nord-vestică a României (Turulung-Vii, Jud. Satu Mare), în In memoriam Radu Popa. Temeiuri ale civilizaţiei româneşti in context european, Cluj-Napoca, 2003, p. 129-149. P. Salkovsky, Hauser in der frühmittelalterlichen slawischen Welt, în Archaeologia Slovaca Monographiae/Studia Archaeo- logici Nitriensis Academiae Scientiarum Slovacae, VI, Nitra, 2001. K. Tomcikova, Vcasnoslovanske sidliskove objekty v Laksdrskej Novej Vsi, în Zbornik, LXXXV, 1991, p. 69-84. D. Ţeicu, Gh. Lazarovici, Gomea. Din arheologia unui sat me- dieval din Clisura Dunării, Ed. Banatica, 1996. E. Zaharia, Populaţia românească în Transilvania în secolele VII- VIII (Cimitirul nr. 2 de la Bratei),Bucureşti, 1977. 68 THE EARLY MEDIAEVAL SETTLEMENTS FROM POPENI - POGOR’9 AND CUCEU - „VALEA BOCHIF’ (SÀLAJ COUNTY) (Abstract) 1. REASON. METHODOLOGY The early mediaeval period represents the most interesting and least known chronological stage in Romanian’s history. Taking into account that there are still many mysteries, this should represent one of the major priorities in Romanian archaeological research. The current stage of knowledge doesn’t allow us to lay down some definite inferences concerning the period at issue. The most archaeological investigations have limited to surface researches, followed occasionally by borings and very seldom by systematic diggings. Regarding the internal lay-out of a settlement, datable between the 7th and the 9th centuries, we can determine — without exaggeration — that the information panel is highly short. If in other areas in Transylvania, we are aware of some early mediaeval settlements, which were almost exhaustively looked into or published, for instance Comana de Jos (Glodariu, Costea, Ciupea 1980, pp. 69-98), for the north- west area and especially for Salaj County, the situation is completely changed. Recently, the north-west of Romania was the subject of two researches / doctorate thesis (Stanciu 1998; Cosma 2002), which already provided a picture of the early mediaeval period in this geographical area. These analyses respecting the north-west of Romania highlighted foremost the research stage. The investigated archaeological findings, allowed emitting some conclusions regarding the material and spiritual culture of the human communities which lived in this area. It is imperative to complete the information panel concerning the material and spiritual evolution of the human communities in the mediaeval period, objective that is achievable - firstly — by publishing the archaeological monographs (regardless of the research stage run in the sit(s), increasing the level of knowledge and enhancing the chances to emit conclusions / views as pertinent / viable as possible. To support this view, through this demarch, I wish to highlight all the archaeological vestiges found up to date in the settlements from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” and Cuceu - “Valea Bochii”, their analysis and to the possible extent their dating. The first archaeological borings in the two places were made in 1978-1979 (Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor”) 71 and 1978 (Cuceu ֊ “Valea Bochii”). Subsequent to the first borings in the settlement from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor”, the author of the research (Al. V. Matei) published shortly the results and settlement beside the archaeological material found here with that of Cuceu - “Valea Bochii”, sensing that between the two there are certain chronological differences (Matei 1979, p. 484). The research results from then were exhaustively published in 1994 (Stanciu, Matei 1994, pp. 135-163). At the time, the findings from the two settlements were dealt / analyzed and chronologically situated together, asserting that the two represent the vestiges of a single settlement. The rescue archaeological researches made in 1999 at the two settlements, provided new information concerning the vestiges hereof. Thus, the archaeological sites researched together with the archaeological show that, in fact, in the settlements of Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” and Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” there were two early mediaeval settlements, datable in two distinct chronological stages, which constituted the root cause of this demarche. The analysis of the two archaeological objectives was made with an emphasis on the following items: site’s layout (arrangement), the stratigraphy, the display of all the research campaigns, the description of the archaeological sites together with the afferent archaeological material. As the archaeological material discovered following the researches of 1978-1979, it was published exhaustively in 1994, only a fragment of these artifacts were displayed graphically here. The graphic documentation of the research of 1999 is more consistent; the archaeological inventory described globally, as a matter of fact this being its first publishing. The archaeological material discovered in the researched sites is displayed on classes of artifacts. Certainly, the pottery has the greatest weight. I described all the pottery shapes identified in each site that was studied. I also analyzed the pottery shapes taking into account the molding technique: hand made, slow and fast wheel work. Considering the aspects related to the molding technique of pottery, the shapes, the dimensions, the characteristics of the constitutive items (mouth, lip (edge), neck, shoulder, belly (bosh), bottom) I suggested a typology of all the pottery shapes identified up to now in the two settlements. Unfortunately the pottery is quite fragmentary, extremely few pots being integer or that can be made integer, therefore the laying down of the typologies was made, considering first of all the aspects relating to the shape of the pots’ mouth. The suggested typology for the pottery from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” and Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” is an internal one and doesn’t have a general form to suit the both sites. Because the typological analyses were made on fragmentary pots, not on whole ones, the suggested arrangement is not foolproof. From the point of view of quantity, the pottery constitutes the greatest weight, that is why it represented the main item used in the dating of the two objectives. The chronological framing was made 72 taking into consideration certain aspects: a. The quantitative report among the three pottery classes (hand made, slow and fast wheel). The establishing of the quantities for each pottery class was made as follows: a. all the pottery fragments discovered were divided on pots (as it was possible), and then all the identified pots were counted for each pot class. b. The analogies from the north-west of Romania. c. The analogies that are present in other geographical areas throughout Romania’s current territory (Transylvania, Banat, Muntenia, Moldavia, Dobrogea). d. The analogies from the areas outside the current borders of Romania (Hungary, Check Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Bulgaria, Serbia, Germany) 2. THE EARLY MEDIAEVAL SETTLEMENT FROM POPENI - „PE POGOR” The archaeological site is located on the right side of Zalau-Mirsid-Jibou road, somewhere about across the former train station of Cuceu (pi. 3). The first archaeological borings were made by Al. V. Matei (The County Museum of Zalau) between 1978 and 1979 (Matei 1979, pp. 483-484), who published the results in 1994 {Stanciu, Matei 1994, pp. 135-163). In 1999 there were made some rescue diggings, due to the installation of the gas pipe line on Jibou-Zalau route (Bacuet-Crisan, Bacuet-Crisan 2000 a, p. 78; Bacuet-Crisan 2000-2004, pp. 89-111). In 1978 a control section was marked off together with a hole of 6 x 4 m. It was found here a deepened dwelling, marked with L. 1 and three holes, marked as Gr. 1, Gr. 2 and Gr. 3 (Matei 1979, pp. 483-484; Stanciu, Matei 1994, p. 136). The research of 1979 aimed again this site, being opened now a hole of 12 x 4, 50 m. This is how the traces of some settlements were discovered, but no accurate observations could be made because of the changed stratigraphy thanks to land tilling {Stanciu, Matei 1994, ip. 136). The archaeological diggings made in 1999 (April to June) had a rescue mission, because of the installation of the gas pipe line on Jibou-Zalau route {Bacuet-Crisan, Bacuet-Crisan 2000 a, p. 78). In the digging there were found more early mediaeval settlements, marked as L6/1999, L7/1999, A/1999 and B/1999. Analyzing the pottery discovered at Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” in the research campaigns run in 1978, 1979 and 1999, we determined the following quantitative report between the hand made, the slow and fast wheel pottery: the pottery worked on slow wheel represents 56 %, the fast wheel pottery is 7% and the hand made pottery is in proportion of 37%. The situation is different at Cuceu - „Valea Bochii, here we determined a different quantitative report: the slow wheel pottery is present up to 68 %, the fast wheel pottery is up to 13% and the rest of 73 19% represents hand made pottery. Therefore it is obvious that within the two sites the quantitative amounts of the three pottery classes are different. This difference in amount quantity reasons differences in chronology between the two sites hereof. On the grounds of the technical characteristics, of analogies, of the quantitative reports in the three pottery classes, I consider that the settlement from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” is dated earlier than the one from Cuceu - “Valea Bochii”. Taking into account the large quantity of hand made pottery, the settlement from Popeni ֊ ,,Pe Pogor” can be set in the second half/end of the 7th - first half of the 8th century. 3. THE EARLY MEDIAEVAL SETTLEMENT FROM CUCEU - „VALEA BOCHII” The site from „Valea Bochii” (pi. 40) is located on the right side of Zalau-Mirsid-Jibou road, behind the houses found across the former train station of Cuceu (pi. 94). Alexandru V. Matei (The County Museum of Zalau) carried out check borings in this place in 1978 (Matei 1979, p. 484), and the results were published in 1994 (Stanciu, Matei 1994, pp. 135-163). The diggings made here in 1999 had a rescue goal because of the installation of the gas pipe line on Jibou-Zalau route (Bacuet-Crisan, Bacuet-Crisan 2000 b, pp. 32-33). A small section, with a size of 20 x 1 m and a hole of 8 x 3 m were marked off here in 1978. The settlements discovered here in 1978 were numbered following-up the ones from. There were examined: a dwelling, a hole and an open air fire device. In this place, in 1978 it was also dug a ditch to set a pipe line for water adduction from Somes to Zalau and which seems to have transected an early mediaeval dwelling. In 1999, in the settlement from Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” in the examined areas we have the following early mediaeval settlements (pi. 45): the dwelling Ll/1999, L2/1999, L3/1999, L4/1999 and the holes Gl/1999, G2/1999 si G3/1999. In the hole E/1999 it was outlined an archaeological site belonging to the Neolithic period (Bacuet-Crisan 2000, p. 12). The quantitative report between the pottery shapes highlights that the pot without handles is prevailing, followed by the plate, test and bowl (a single piece). Regarding the pottery classes I determined (the analysis has been made on the whole pottery lot discovered in 1978 and 1999) the following quantitative report, among the hand made, slow and fast wheel pottery: the slow wheel pottery is present up to 68 %, the fast wheel pottery represents 13% and the rest of 19% is for hand made pottery. Thus, the resultant proportions are different from the amounts established at Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor”. In comparison to the dwelling from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor”, the hand made pottery from here is much less present and thee fast wheel pottery is in greater quantity. The slow wheel pottery stays dominant, here being present in a greater proportion. 74 Moreover, the recorded archaeological situations underlined the progressive decrease of hand made pottery over the 8th and 9th centuries (Stanciu, Matei 1994, p. 145 ; Stanciu 1994, p. 311), as well as a stepwise increase of slow wheel pottery (Stanciu, Matei 1994, p. 145). Coming back to the pottery classes proportions in the two sites, Cuceu ֊ “Valea Bochii” and Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor”, the different amounts recorded suggest chronological distinctions too. Based on technical characteristics, on the discovered analogies, taking into account the quantitative reports of the three pottery classes, I consider that the dwelling from Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” has to be set in a subsequent period of time to the dwelling from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor”. At Cuceu ֊ “Valea Bochii” the slow wheel pottery is present in a greater amount (greater than in Popeni - “Pe Pogor”) and there are close amounts to the hand made pottery (less than in Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor”) and to fast wheel (greater than in Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor”). All the information provided by the research made until now at Cuceu ֊ “Valea Bochii”, make me consider that this dwelling can be set in the second half of the 8th - first half of the 9th century, without eliminating the chance that the dwelling could have been built earlier than the middle 8th century. 4. CONCLUSIONS The archaeological researches deployed on the Salaj County territory highlighted the existence of settlements datable back to the early mediaeval period and implicitly the presence of human communities. Some areas were more inhabited mainly due to the natural conditions of the location. On the other hand, the lack of discoveries or, on the contrary their abundance is due to the current stage of the researches. The settlements from Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” and Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” are laid-out very close to water sources. All the studied dwellings from Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” are of deepened type. The dwellings Ll/1999, L2/1999 and L3/1999 discovered at Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” are very close to one another, and in the vicinity of the dust holes. It is likely that in this case to have been a group of pits/buildings based on family / kin relationships. In the settlement from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” there were studied pits which had a different function besides that of living. The hole #1, discovered in 1978, having a rectangular shape and with round comers, arose questions at the beginning regarding the purpose. Thus the dwelling was considered to have a rather economical purpose (Stanciu, Matei 1994, p. 137). The diggings of 1999 discovered another four pits of this type. The pits L6, L7 and A are rectangular and prolate oval and they didn’t have fire devices. On their bottom, there were found the traces of some thick poles which perhaps supported a roof. Consequently, these pits cannot be thought to be simple holes. The pit B/1999, is highly interesting thanks to it dimensions. It is prolate oval, with narrow anc rounded ends. It is 11,5m long and 1 m wide. Among the early mediaeval settlements there were alsc 75 identified open air fire devices, situated among the dwellings and outbuildings. At Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” it was studied a single pit of this type, a hearth with a stones garden (Stanciu, Matei 1994, pi. II/l). The holes of various shapes and sizes, discovered in most of the early mediaeval settlements are spread among the dwellings or outbuildings, not being in a clearly limited space. The archaeological inventory from the holes is not very different from the one in the dwellings: pottery fragments, mill pieces, various parts of iron etc. The fragmentary status of the archaeological material shows that the purpose was to „keep” the garbage. Because of the dimensions and of the archaeological inventory, none of the holes discovered at Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” can be included in the stock holes type. The archaeological material discovered in the studied dwellings is made up mainly of pottery. The amount of the discovered pottery varies from one dwelling to another, depending on the research intensity. Unfortunately, there are few complete pots or which can be completed, the majority of the pottery being quite fragmentary. The discovered pottery fragments show the presence of more pottery shapes, the pot without handles, griddles, tray and the bowl. The spun and the weave are certified by the discovery of the spindles and needles. The cooking is highlighted by the large amount of griddles and trays discovered, as well as by the presence of ovens. It is also worth mentioning the mill used in the food cooking process. One of the most significant activities of human communities was animal rearing, which provided, on the one hand, a good deal of food and on the other hand a range of collateral products needful for the community. The presence of big and small comuted animals, of porcine of poultry is highlighted by the osteological material from the two studied settlements. The archaeological diggings ran up to now in the settlements from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” and Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” provided a certain amount of archaeological material with the help of which I could set the two sites in a chronological period. The archaeological inventory, its characteristics and analogies place the two settlements on two different chronological levels. I suggested a typology of the discovered pottery in the two settlements. But, because the study was made on a pottery material which is extremely fragmentary, the results of the arrangement are not irremovable. I also ascertain again that the pottery types in the two settlements represent a classification with an internal function and they don’t have a general validity. Between the two settlements I firstly noticed differences, but also some resemblances. In the settlement from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” there weren’t yet studied (for the moment) pits to have the constructive characteristics of dwellings. All the pits that were studied are without any fire devices. At Cuceu - “Valea Bochii”, the situation is different. There are here rectangular dwellings with fire devices. A hearth was set in open air. The dust holes between the dwellings were studied. From the point of view of the archaeological inventory I could notice resemblances and differences, 76 mainly in pottery. At Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” there is a large amount off hand made pottery. At Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” the hand made pottery is present in a smaller amount, but instead the amount of fast wheel pottery is greater. In both settlements the prevalent category is of slow wheel pottery. There were identified some pottery types in both settlements, and some are present only in one or the other. The pits and archaeological inventories’ characteristics described above, I believe that prove that the two settlements are distinct. Therefore, I suggested dating the settlement from Popeni - ,,Pe Pogor” in the second half of the 7th century and the first half of the 8th century, and the one from Cuceu - “Valea Bochii” in the second half of the 8th century and the first half of the 9th century. Tracking down the necropolises from the two settlements has proved to be an unsolved issue. Unfortunately, these necropolises haven’t been discovered so far. Certainly the research is not yet finished in the two settlements, and it is highly probable that the future borings to bring new elements to confirm or confute the suggested dates. A significant aspect remains unsolved: the ethnicity of the findings in the two settlements. The distinctions noticed so far, between the types of archaeological pits in the two settlements, suggest that these could have been inhabited by different ethnic groups. Identifying their necropolises could provide a range of new elements on this matter. 77
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spelling	Băcueţ-Crişan, Dan 1972- Verfasser (DE-588)1098433998 aut Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii" (jud. Sălaj) Dan Băcueţ-Crişan Zalău Ed. Limes [u.a.] 2006 183 S. zahlr. Ill., Kt., graph. Darst. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier Biblioteka Limes-Lekton 7 Zsfassung in engl. Sprache Geschichte gnd rswk-swf Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd rswk-swf Mittelalter (DE-588)4129108-6 gnd rswk-swf Judeţ Sălaj (DE-588)4346875-5 gnd rswk-swf Judeţ Sălaj (DE-588)4346875-5 g Mittelalter (DE-588)4129108-6 s Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 s Geschichte z DE-604 Biblioteka Limes-Lekton 7 (DE-604)BV025504183 7 Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020100245&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020100245&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Literaturverzeichnis Digitalisierung BSB Muenchen 19 - ADAM Catalogue Enrichment application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020100245&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Abstract
spellingShingle	Băcueţ-Crişan, Dan 1972- Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii" (jud. Sălaj) Biblioteka Limes-Lekton Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd Mittelalter (DE-588)4129108-6 gnd
subject_GND	(DE-588)4002827-6 (DE-588)4129108-6 (DE-588)4346875-5
title	Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii" (jud. Sălaj)
title_auth	Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii" (jud. Sălaj)
title_exact_search	Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii" (jud. Sălaj)
title_full	Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii" (jud. Sălaj) Dan Băcueţ-Crişan
title_fullStr	Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii" (jud. Sălaj) Dan Băcueţ-Crişan
title_full_unstemmed	Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii" (jud. Sălaj) Dan Băcueţ-Crişan
title_short	Aşezările medievale timpurii de la Popeni "Pe Pogor" şi Cuceu "Valea Bochii"
title_sort	asezarile medievale timpurii de la popeni pe pogor si cuceu valea bochii jud salaj
title_sub	(jud. Sălaj)
topic	Archäologie (DE-588)4002827-6 gnd Mittelalter (DE-588)4129108-6 gnd
topic_facet	Archäologie Mittelalter Judeţ Sălaj
url	http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020100245&sequence=000004&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020100245&sequence=000005&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=020100245&sequence=000006&line_number=0003&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA
volume_link	(DE-604)BV025504183
work_keys_str_mv	AT bacuetcrisandan asezarilemedievaletimpuriidelapopenipepogorsicuceuvaleabochiijudsalaj

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