A guide to modern biology: genetics, cells and systems
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Essex
Longman
1989
|
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XVIII, 507 S. |
| ISBN: | 0582442729 |
Internformat
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| 100 | 1 | |a Lawrence, Eleanor |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a A guide to modern biology |b genetics, cells and systems |c Eleanor Lawrence |
| 264 | 1 | |a Essex |b Longman |c 1989 | |
| 300 | |a XVIII, 507 S. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804142196533755904 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | IMAGE 1
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS XVII
CHAPTER 1 THE CELLULAR WORLD 1
THE GREAT DIVIDE: PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES 1
PROKARYOTES 1
EUKARYOTES 5
REPRODUCTION 5
THE ADVANTAGES OF BEING MULTICELLULAR 7
VIRUSES 9
FURTHER READING 10
PART I: THE GENETIC REVOLUTION N
CHAPTER 2 BASIC GENETICS 12
INHERITANCE AND GENETIC VARIATION 14
THE MECHANISM OF HEREDITY 14
GENETIC VARIATION: WHY EVERYONE IS DIFFERENT 17
PHENOTYPE AND GENOTYPE 21
RELATION OF GENOTYPE TO PHENOTYPE 22
LINKAGE 26
THE BIOCHEMICAL EFFECT OF GENOTYPE 26
T HE PLAYERS IN THE G A ME 27
DNA (DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID) 27
RNA (RIBONUCLEIC ACID) 31
PROTEINS 32
DECODING D NA 37
TRANSCRIPTION AND MESSENGER RNA 37
THE GENETIC CODE 37
TRANSLATION: DECIPHERING THE GENETIC CODE 40
IMAGE 2
MUTATION 42
TYPES OF MUTATION 43
CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE 45
HETEROCHROMATIN AND EUCHROMATIN 46
NUCLEOSOMES 47
OTHER CHROMOSOMAL PROTEINS 49
MITOTIC CHROMOSOMES 49
INTERPHASE CHROMATIN 50
FURTHER READING 51
CHAPTER 3 GENE ORGANIZATION AND EXPRESSION 52
T HE GENE D I S P L A Y ED TRANSCRIPTION UNITS SPLIT GENES INTRONS AND
EXONS PRODUCTION OF EUKARYOTIC MESSENGER RNAS
RNA SPLICING OVERLAPPING GENES
T HE E U K A R Y O T IC G E N O ME THE C-VALUE PARADOX UNIQUE SEQUENCES
MULTICOPY GENES
REPETITIVE DNA SELFISH DNA HOW MANY GENES?
GENE FAMILIES AND SUPERFAMILIES TRANSPOSONS
C O N T R OL OF G E NE E X P R E S S I ON DIFFERENTIATED CELLS CONTROL
OF TRANSCRIPTION THE BACTERIAL OPERON: PARADIGM OF TRANSCRIPTIONAL
CONTROL CONTROL OF GENE EXPRESSION IN EUKARYOTES MECHANISMS FOR STARTING
TRANSCRIPTION CHROMATIN STRUCTURE AND GENE EXPRESSION DNA METHYLATION
52 53 58
58 61 62 63
64 65 65 66
66 68 70 71 78
81 81 83 84 87 93
95 96
FURTHER READING 97
IMAGE 3
CHAPTER 4 RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY 100
RECOMBINANT DNA 101
ISOLATING AND IDENTIFYING GENES 103
RESTRICTION ENZYMES 103
DNA CLONING 105
DNA LIBRARIES 1 08
SYNTHETIC DNA 1 10
IDENTIFICATION OF RESTRICTION FRAGMENTS 1 10
RESTRICTION ANALYSIS 1 13
RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS (RFLPS) 1 14 DNA
FINGERPRINTING 1 15
MITOCHONDRIAL EVE 1 16
DNA SEQUENCES 1 17
THE NUTS AND BOLTS OF GENETIC ENGINEERING 119
PLASMIDS AND PHAGES 1 19
BACTERIAL HOSTS 1 20
OTHER VECTOR/HOST COMBINATIONS 1 21
GENE TRANSFER INTO ANIMAL AND PLANT CELLS: BASIC TECHNIQUES 1 21
GENETIC ENGINEERING 1 24
PRODUCING PROTEINS FROM GENETICALLY ENGINEERED CELLS 1 24 THE GENETIC
MODIFICATION OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS 1 26
TRANSGENIC ANIMALS (MAMMALS) 1 28
HUMAN GENE THERAPY 1 31
GENETIC MODIFICATION OF PLANTS 1 33
T HE STUDY A ND DIAGNOSIS OF GENETIC DISEASE 1 39
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS 1 45
THE GENETIC BASIS OF NON-HERITABLE DISEASE 1 46
GENE M A P P I NG 147
GENETIC MAPS 1 47
MAPPING GENES TO CHROMOSOMES 1 48
NEW TECHNIQUES FOR GENE MAPPING 1 49
SEQUENCING THE HUMAN GENOME 1 51
IMAGE 4
REGULATION OF RECOMBINANT DNA WORK 151
RESEARCH ON HUMAN EMBRYOS 1 53
PATENTING LIFE 1 54
FURTHER READING 155
CHAPTER 5 THE ORIGIN OF LIFE AND ITS EVOLUTION 1 57
THE EVOLUTION OF LIVING CELLS 157
THE RNA WORLD 158
RIBOZYMES 1 59
ORIGINS OF EUKARYOTES 162
MACROEVOLUTION AND MICROEVOLUTION 165
DARWINIAN EVOLUTION 165
THE MOLECULAR RECORD 167
TRACING LINES OF DESCENT 168
MOLECULAR CLOCKS 170
FURTHER READING 170
PART II: THE EUKARYOTIC CELL 173
CHAPTER 6 BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANES 1 74
M E M B R A NE STRUCTURE 1 77
MEMBRANE LIPIDS 1 77
THE LIPID BILAYER 1 77
THE FLUID MOSAIC MODEL OF MEMBRANE STRUCTURE 1 82
MEMBRANE ASYMMETRY 1 83
MEMBRANE FUSION 1 83
MEMBRANE PROTEINS 1 83
LIPOSOMES 1 86
MEMBRANE TRANSPORT 187
TRANSPORT ACROSS EPITHELIA 188
ION MOVEMENT ACROSS MEMBRANES 190
HOMEOSTASIS 190
IMAGE 5
ELECTROCHEMICAL GRADIENTS ACROSS MEMBRANES 1 91
ION PUMPS 1 91
MEMBRANE POTENTIAL 1 92
ION CHANNELS 1 94
ENDOCYTOSIS 1 98
RECEPTOR-MEDIATED ENDOCYTOSIS 1 99
COATED PITS AND COATED VESICLES 2 00
EXOCYTOSIS
FURTHER READING
CHAPTER 7 THE INTERNAL MEMBRANES OF PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS
T HE CYTOSOL
M E M B R A NE SYNTHESIS, PROTEIN SORTING AND DELIVERY THE ENDOPLASMIC
RETICULUM SIGNAL SEQUENCES AND PROTEIN TRANSLOCATION FORMATION OF
GLYCOPROTEINS: GLYCOSYLATION
MEMBRANE SYNTHESIS THE GOLGI APPARATUS MEMBRANE RECYCLING
LYSOSOMES POLARIZED SECRETION
O T H ER ORGANELLES NUCLEUS MITOCHONDRIA AND CHLOROPLASTS CHEMIOSMOTIC
THEORY
MICROBODIES: DEROXISOMES AND ALVOXVSOMES
201
202
203
203
206 206 208 210 210 213
215 215 216
217 217 219 220
224
FURTHER READING 225
CHAPTER 8 THE CYTOSKELETON AND CELL MOTILITY 2 26
STRUCTURE OF THE CYTOSKELETON 227
MICROFILAMENTS (ACTIN FILAMENTS) 2 27
MICROTUBULES 230
IMAGE 6
INTERMEDIATE FILAMENTS 2 31
MEMBRANE CYTOSKELETONS 2 33
OTHER CYTOSKELETAL PROTEINS 2 33
CELL M O T I L I TY 2 35
MOVEMENT BASED ON MICROFILAMENTS 2 35
MOVEMENT BASED ON MICROTUBULES 2 41
FURTHER READING 246
CHAPTER 9 HOW CELLS COMMUNICATE 2 47
PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION AND PROTEIN KINASES 255
CELL-SURFACE RECEPTORS 2 57
ION CHANNELS 2 60
RECEPTORS THAT ACT VIA SECOND MESSENGERS 2 60
RECEPTORS WITH PROTEIN TYROSINE KINASE ACTIVITY 2 60
SECOND MESSENGERS 2 62
THE ADENYLATE CYCLASE/CYCLIC AMP PATHWAY 2 64
CYCLIC GMP 2 68
THE PHOSPHOINOSITIDE (PI) PATHWAY 2 68
CALCIUM 2 71
OTHER SECOND MESSENGERS 2 73
GUANINE-NUDEOTIDE BINDING PROTEINS 2 73
G PROTEINS 2 74
G PROTEINS AMPLIFY EXTERNAL SIGNALS 2 76
THE RAS PROTEINS 2 77
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS ELONGATION FACTORS 2 78
HORMONE ACTION VIA INTRACELLULAR RECEPTORS 278
GAP JUNCTIONS 280
FURTHER READING 282
IMAGE 7
PART HI: MULTICELLULAR SYSTEMS
CHAPTER 10 ANIMAL DEVELOPMENT
THE PRIMITIVE BODY FORM
F R OM O O C Y TE TO E M B R YO THE OOCYTE FERTILIZATION: THE
DEVELOPMENTAL TRIGGER CLEAVAGE THE BLASTULA SPECIFICATION OF ENDODERM,
ECTODERM AND MESODERM GASTRULATION NEURULATION MAMMALS ARE DIFFERENT
STRATEGIES OF D E V E L O P M E NT DETERMINATE DEVELOPMENT INVARIANT
CELL LINEAGES REGULATION
M E C H A N I S MS OF D E V E L O P M E NT DETERMINATION AND CELL MEMORY
DIFFERENTIATION
STRUCTURE A ND F O RM PATTERN FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENTAL SIGNALS
COMPARTMENTS: BUILDING UP A POSITIONAL ADDRESS
T HE C H I CK L I MB THE THUMB-LITTLE FINGER (ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR) AXIS
THE ZPA MORPHOGEN THE BASE TO TIP (PROXIMAL-DISTAL) AXIS
D R O S O P H I LA SETTING UP THE BASIC BODY PLAN SPECIFICATION OF
SEGMENT IDENTITY: THE HOMOEOTIC GENES
283
284
286
288 288 288 289
292 294 294 297 298
301 301 302 303
304 304 309
316 316 323
326 326 328 329
329 331 335
FURTHER READING 337
IMAGE 8
CHAPTER 11 UNLIMITED GROWTH: CANCER CELLS
LIMITS TO G R O W T H: T HE C O N T R OL OF M A M M A L I AN CELL D I V
I S I ON THE CELL CYCLE EXTERNAL CONTROLS ON CELL PROLIFERATION
LIMITS ON CELL DIVISION
THE ORIGINS OF CANCER THE MANY CAUSES OF CANCER THE CANCER CELL TUMOUR
VIRUSES
ONCOGENES AND HUMAN CANCER TUMOUR PROMOTERS
340
341 343 346 350
351 353 355 356 363 373
FURTHER READING 374
CHAPTER 12 IMMUNOLOGY 3 76
INNATE IMMUNITY 379
T HE BASIS OF I M M U NE SPECIFICITY 3 80
ANTIGENS 3 80
IMMUNE RESPONSES 3 81
ANTIBODIES 383
T-CELL RECEPTORS 387
MHC PROTEINS 388
CLONAL SELECTION 389
IMMUNITY AND IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY 3 90
GENERATION OF DIVERSITY 3 91
THE IMMUNE SYSTEM 3 97
THE LYMPHOID SYSTEM 398
LYMPHOCYTES 4 00
THE IMMUNE RESPONSE 403
ANTIGEN RECOGNITION 403
LYMPHOCYTE COOPERATION AND ROLE OF THE MHC 405
ANTIGEN ELIMINATION 409
HYPERSENSITIVITY 4 12
IMAGE 9
LYMPHOKINES: THE CHEMICAL MESSENGERS OF THE
IMMUNE SYSTEM 4 15
LYMPHOKINES AND INTERLEUKINS 4 16
IMMUNOLOGY AND CANCER 420
CONTROL OF IMMUNE REACTIVITY 4 22
SELF-TOLERANCE 4 22
GENETICALLY-DETERMINED UNRESPONSIVENESS 4 24
INDUCED TOLERANCE 4 24
SUPPRESSOR T CELLS 4 24
ANTI-IDIOTYPIC NETWORKS 426
THE M A J OR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGENS 428
THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX 429
TRANSPLANTATION 433
THE MHC AND SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DISEASE 435
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS 4 37
MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES 4 37
VACCINE DEVELOPMENT 4 42
FURTHER READING 446
CHAPTER 13 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 4 48
ORGANIZATION OF THE VERTEBRATE NERVOUS SYSTEM 4 52
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM 455
THE TWO SIDES OF THE BRAIN 458
LOCALIZATION OF BRAIN FUNCTIONS 4 60
TOPOGRAPHICAL MAPS 4 62
STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION 4 62
THE GENERATION OF ELECTRICAL IMPULSES IN NERVE CELLS 464 THE ACTION
POTENTIAL 464
SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION 468
IMAGE 10
NEUROTRANSMITTERS 4 69
POSTSYNAPTIC RECEPTORS 473
HOW NEURONS INTEGRATE INCOMING SIGNALS 4 75
PRESYNAPTIC REGULATION 4 76
CHEMICAL SIGNALS IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 477
NERVOUS SYSTEM PEPTIDES 478
THE NEUROENDOCRINE SYSTEM 481
LEARNING AND MEMORY 483
APLYSIA 484
LONG-TERM POTENTIATION IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS 486
REPAIR AND REGENERATION IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 487
FURTHER READING 4 89
SELECTED READING LIST 4~91
INDEX 495
|
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| spelling | Lawrence, Eleanor Verfasser aut A guide to modern biology genetics, cells and systems Eleanor Lawrence Essex Longman 1989 XVIII, 507 S. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier SWB Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=019794467&sequence=000001&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Lawrence, Eleanor A guide to modern biology genetics, cells and systems |
| title | A guide to modern biology genetics, cells and systems |
| title_auth | A guide to modern biology genetics, cells and systems |
| title_exact_search | A guide to modern biology genetics, cells and systems |
| title_full | A guide to modern biology genetics, cells and systems Eleanor Lawrence |
| title_fullStr | A guide to modern biology genetics, cells and systems Eleanor Lawrence |
| title_full_unstemmed | A guide to modern biology genetics, cells and systems Eleanor Lawrence |
| title_short | A guide to modern biology |
| title_sort | a guide to modern biology genetics cells and systems |
| title_sub | genetics, cells and systems |
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