People, environment, disease and death: a medical geography of britain throughout the ages
Gespeichert in:
| 1. Verfasser: | |
|---|---|
| Format: | Buch |
| Sprache: | English |
| Veröffentlicht: |
Cardiff
University of Wales Press
1997
|
| Online-Zugang: | Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| Beschreibung: | XX, 328 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Ktn. |
| ISBN: | 0708313736 |
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| 100 | 1 | |a Howe, G. Melvyn |e Verfasser |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a People, environment, disease and death |b a medical geography of britain throughout the ages |c G. Melvyn Howe |
| 264 | 1 | |a Cardiff |b University of Wales Press |c 1997 | |
| 300 | |a XX, 328 S. |b Ill., graph. Darst., Ktn. | ||
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Datensatz im Suchindex
| _version_ | 1804142160962912256 |
|---|---|
| adam_text | Contents
List of Plates ix
List of Figures x
List of Tables xiv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements ix
1. Introduction 1
2. People in Britain 7
3. Health Hazards of the Physical Environment 19
4. Health Hazards of the Biological Environment 39
5. Health Hazards of the Human Environment 48
6. Pre-Norman and Norman Times 70
7. Medieval Times 88
8. Tudor Times 98
9. Stuart Times 108
10. Hanoverian Times 126
11. Early Victorian Times 143
12. Late Victorian Times 167
13. Modern Times - Morbidity 183
14. Modern Times - Mortality 198
15. Retrospect and Prospect 245
Appendix A: Administrative Districts of the United Kingdom 261
Appendix B: International Classification of Diseases (ICD),
Ninth Revision 266
viii CONTENTS
Glossary of Terms 268
Notes 279
Selected Bibliography 298
Index 314
Plates
1. Stoke-on-Trent, 1910 and 1969 54
2. Mandible from an Anglo-Saxon from Raunds, Northamptonshire 79
3. Adult female skull (medieval) showing evidence suggestive of
syphilis 81
4. Cast of the skull of King Robert I of Scotland (1306-9)
showing evidence of leprosy 104
5. Title-page of Present Remedies against the Plague (1603) 109
6. A London Bill of Mortality for 15-22 August 1665 114
7. Scenes during the Great Plague of 1665 115
8. Title-page of Fumifugium by John Evelyn (1661) 122
9. Portrayal of eighteenth-century gluttony by Thomas
Rowlandson (1788) 128
10. James Gillray s cartoon of gluttony in 1792 129
11. Gin Lane by William Hogarth 130
12. The Cow Pock - the Wonderful Effects of the New
Inoculation, by James Gillray, 1802 136
13. Tombstone at Dumfries to 420 victims of cholera in 1832 155
14. Radiograph of cavitated pulmonary tuberculosis 163
15. Faraday giving his card to Father Thames 170
16. A victim of smallpox, Gloucester, 1896 184
17. A group of Glasgow children with rickets, c. 1910 190
18. X-ray photograph of a lung carcinoma 220
Figures
1.1 Expectation of life at birth in Britain, 1870-2000 4
2.1 Routes from Europe to Britain followed by early peoples. 8
2.2 Scandinavian settlement of the eighth, ninth and tenth
centuries - Danes and Norse 9
2.3 Distribution of blood group A in Britain 11
2.4 Distribution of blood group 0 in Britain 12
2.5 Distribution of blood groups B and AB in Britain 14
3.1 Average actual daily mean temperature for January in the
British Isles 20
3.2 Mean daily temperatures at sea level, 1951-80, in England
and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland 21
3.3 Average actual daily mean temperatures for July in the
British Isles 22
3.4 Average monthly rainfall, 1951-80, in England and Wales,
Scotland and Northern Ireland 23
3.5 Mean annual average of days of rain in the British Isles 24
3.6 Bracing and relaxing climates in Britain 25
3.7 Average number of hours of bright sunshine per day in the
British Isles 26
3.8 Mean daily sunshine in England and Wales, Scotland and
Northern Ireland 27
3.9 Annual average number of occasions of thick fog in Britain,
1934-43 28
3.10 Air masses commonly occurring in Britain 29
3.11 Radon concentration indoors 34
3.12 Level of hardness (CaCO3) and softness of public water
supplies 36
5.1 Changing patterns in the consumption of food at home in
Britain 50
5.2 Pesticides, their uses and the location of residues 52
5.3 Emissions of carbon monoxide in the UK, 1993 56
5.4 Emissions of sulphur dioxide in die UK, 1993 57
5.5 Emissions of nitrogen oxides in die UK, 1993 58
FIGURES j
5.6 Sound levels in decibels 61
5.7 Coastal and other discharges of industrial and other waste 62
6.1 Woodland and marsh in Britain in Roman times 72
6.2 Woodland and marsh in Britain in die late seventh century 75
6.3 Distribution of population in England at the time of
Domesday 77
7.1 Advance of the Great Pestilence ( Black Death ) into west
and central Europe, 1347-50 89
7.2 Ranking of the provincial towns of England, 1334 91
7.3 Progress of the Great Pestilence ( Black Death ) in Britain in
the fourteenth century 92
7.4 Ranking of the provincial towns of England, 1377 94
8.1 Ranking of the provincial towns of England, 1523-7 100
8.2 Diffusion pathways of the influenza pandemic of 1580 103
9.1 Total burials and plague burials in London in 1603 and 1625
respectively 111
9.2 Deaths from plague in London, June-December 1665 113
9.3 Distribution of population in the British Isles, 1670 124
10.1 Distribution of population in the British Isles, 1750 127
10.2 Birth rates, death rates and population totals in Britain,
1700-1800 132
10.3 Distribution of industry in Britain, 1750 133
10.4 Distribution of population in die British Isles, 1801 142
11.1 Ranking of the provincial towns of England, 1801 144
11.2 Progress of the cholera epidemic from India to Britain,
1827-31 154
11.3 Robert Baker s cholera plan of Leeds, 1833 156
11.4 Progress of the 1831-2 cholera epidemic dirough the
British Isles 157
11.5 Areas of the British Isles affected by cholera, 1831-3 159
11.6 Principal locations in the British Isles affected by cholera,
1848-9 160
11.7 Deaths from cholera in the Soho district of London,
September 1854 162
12.1 Birth rates, death rates and population totals in Britain,
1800-1900 168
12.2 Diffusion pathways of the influenza pandemic of 1889-90 171
12.3 Seasonal trends of deaths in London, 1845-74 173
12.4 Seasonal trends in deaths from scarlatina and diphtheria in
London, 1845-74 174
12.5 Distribution of average death rates from all causes in
England and Wales, 1901 176
xii FIGURES
12.6 Distribution of average death rates from zymotic (i.e.
infectious and contagious) diseases in England and Wales,
1901 177
12.7 Distribution of average death rates from phthisis in England
and Wales, 1901 178
12.8 Distribution of average infant mortality rates in England and
Wales, 1901 179
12.9 Birth rates, death rates and population totals in Britain,
1900-70 181
13.1 Diffusion of Asian influenza, February 1957 to
January 1958 187
13.2 Heights of children, 1905-95 191
13.3 Registries reporting cancer incidence in 1987 193
13.4 Cancer incidence in Britain, 1983-7, males and females 194-5
13.5 Occupational class and mortality from malignant neoplasms
(men and married women, by husband s occupation) 196
14.1 Deaths in Britain analysed by disease groups, 1993 199
14.2 Causes of death by age groups, England and Wales, 1972
and 1992 200
14.3 Administrative districts of the UK, as used in chapter 14 203
14.4 Mortality from acute myocardial infarction in the UK,
1980-2, males aged 15-64 years 204
14.5 Mortality from acute myocardial infarction in the UK,
1980-2, females aged 15-64 years 207
14.6 Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for ischaemic heart
disease, 1984-93 212
14.7 Mortality from cerebro-vascular disease (stroke) in the UK,
1980-2, males aged 15-64 years 214
14.8 Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for cerebro-vascular
disease (stroke), 1984-93 215
14.9 Most commonly registered cancer sites in the UK 216
14.10 Mortality from lung-bronchus cancer in the UK, 1980-2,
males aged 15-64 years 217
14.11 Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for lung cancer
1984-93 221
14.12 Mortality from cancer of the female breast, 1980-2,
15-64 years 222
14.13 Cancer of the stomach, males 225
14.14 Cancer of the stomach, females 226
14.15 Mortality from bronchitis, emphysema and asthma, 1980-2,
males aged 15-64 years 229
FIGURES xiii
14.16 Mortality from bronchitis, emphysema and asthma, 1980-2,
females aged 15-64 years 230
14.17 Fatal and serious accidents per 1,000 vehicles 235
14.18 Death rates from suicide in England and Wales,
by sex and age 237
14.19 Mortality from all causes, 1980-2, males aged 15-64 years 239
14.20 Mortality from all causes, 1980-2, females aged 15-64 years 240
15.1 Distribution of HIV-1 infected persons as at the end of
December 1996 251
15.2 Distribution of AIDS cases as at the end of December 1996 252
15.3 Age-sex structure of the UK population in mid-1993 254
15.4 The UK as a focus of airline links with the rest of the world 260
Tables
2.1 Associations between blood group phenotypes and disease 15
3.1 Reported effects of the influence of weather and climate on
diseases 31
4.1 Selected transmissible diseases which occur, or have occurred,
in Britain, together with their biological and other
relationships 43
5.1 Atmospheric pollutants in the outdoor environment and their
sources 53
5.2 Registrar-General s social grading system 60
5.3 Liver cirrhosis mortality amongst British males in different
occupations 66
6.1 Famine pestilences in England between 1069 and 1143 85
11.1 Average age of deceased persons, by social class, in selected
localities in England in early Victorian times 151
12.1 Main causes of death at the end of the Victorian era 175
12.2 Expectation of life in years at birth in selected localities in
Britain, 1841 and 1881-90 181
14.1 Deaths in Britain analysed by cause, 1979-84 and 1993 201
14.2 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from acute
myocardial infarction: males 206
14.3 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from acute
myocardial infarction: females 208
14.4 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from stroke:
males 212
14.5 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from stroke:
females 213
14.6 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from lung cancer
males 218
TABLES xx
14.7 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from lung cancer:
females 219
14.8 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from cancer of
the female breast 223
14.9 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from chronic
bronchitis-emphysema-asthma (ICD nos. 490-3): males 232
14.10 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from chronic
bronchitis-emphysema-asthma (ICD nos. 490-3): females 233
14.11 Infant deaths (under one year) and death rates per 1,000
live births 237
14.12 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from all causes:
males 241
14.13 Ranking by SMRs (1980-2) of selected districts in the UK
with low and high risk of premature death from all causes:
females 242
15.1 Cigarette-smoking, 1972, 1982, 1992, by gender and socio-
economic group (Great Britain) 257
|
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| dewey-tens | 610 - Medicine and health |
| discipline | Medizin Geographie |
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| spelling | Howe, G. Melvyn Verfasser aut People, environment, disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages G. Melvyn Howe Cardiff University of Wales Press 1997 XX, 328 S. Ill., graph. Darst., Ktn. txt rdacontent n rdamedia nc rdacarrier HBZ Datenaustausch application/pdf http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&local_base=BVB01&doc_number=019766332&sequence=000002&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA Inhaltsverzeichnis |
| spellingShingle | Howe, G. Melvyn People, environment, disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages |
| title | People, environment, disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages |
| title_auth | People, environment, disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages |
| title_exact_search | People, environment, disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages |
| title_full | People, environment, disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages G. Melvyn Howe |
| title_fullStr | People, environment, disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages G. Melvyn Howe |
| title_full_unstemmed | People, environment, disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages G. Melvyn Howe |
| title_short | People, environment, disease and death |
| title_sort | people environment disease and death a medical geography of britain throughout the ages |
| title_sub | a medical geography of britain throughout the ages |
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